open的详细用法
o?pen 1
1.开着的，打开的
?He threw the door open and ran down the stairs. 他猛地打开门，往楼下跑去。
2.〔眼睛或嘴〕未合上的，张开的
?I was so sleepy, I couldn’t keep my eyes open. 我困得眼睛都睁不开了。
?He was fast asleep with his mouth wide open. 他大张着嘴，睡得很熟。
3.开阔的，未围上的
?There was open ground at the end of the lane. 小巷的尽头有一片开阔地。
open countryside/country?At weekends people want to leave the town for open countryside. 到了周末，人们就想离开城镇到开阔的乡村去。
4.无顶的，无遮盖的
?The president was riding with his wife in an open car. 总统和他的夫人乘坐一辆敞篷车。?an open drain 排水明沟
open to the sky/air/elements?Many of the tombs had been robbed and left open to the sky. 许多坟墓被盗，裸露在青天白日之下。
5.the open air户外，室外，露天→ open-air
?Jane wanted to rush to the door and get out into the open air. 简很想冲到门口，到外面去。in the open air?The dancing was outside, in the open air. 舞会在户外举行。
6.[not before noun,不用于名词前] 开放的，营业的
?The museum is open daily in the summer months. 夏季里这座博物馆每天开放。
?The offices are also open at weekends. 办事处周末照常营业。
?After the security alert, most of the firms affected were open for business on Monday morning.安全警报过后，大多数受到影响的公司都在星期一上午恢复营业。
?The villagers are anxious that their local school is kept open. 村民们非常希望他们当地的学校能够继续办下去。
?I declare this exhibition open (= officially say that it is now open ). 我宣布本次展览会开幕。
7.人人都可参加的，对公众开放的
?In many schools, governors’ meetings are not open to the public. 在许多学校，董事会议是不对公众开放的。
?The discussion was then thrown open for the audience’s questions. 这场讨论后来变成开放式，接受听众的提问。
?an open meeting 开放式会议
?The men’s race appears wide open (= anyone could win it ). 这场男子赛跑胜负未定。?The painting would fetch several hundred dollars on the open market (= a market in which anyone can buy or sell ). 这幅画在公开市场上可卖到好几百美金。
[+ to]?The competition is open to all readers in the UK. 英国的所有读者都可以参加这次比赛。
给大家推荐一个英语微信群-Empty Your Cup
英语微信群是目前学习英语最有效的方法，群里都是说英语，没有半个中文，而且规则非常严格，是一个超级不错的英语学习环境，群里有好多英语超好的超牛逼的人，还有鬼佬和外国美眉。其实坦白说，如果自己一个人学习英语太孤独，太寂寞，没有办法坚持，好几次都会半途而废。只要你加入到那个群里以后，自己就会每天都能在群里坚持学，坚持不停地说和练，由于是付费群，群里的成员学习氛围非常强，每天的训练度都非常猛，本来很懒惰的你一下子就被感染了，不由自主地被带动起来参与操练，不好意思偷懒，别人的刻苦学习精神会不知不觉影响你，Empty Your Cup英语微信群(进群加喂新 601332975)可以彻底治好你的拖延症，里面学员都非常友好，总是给你不断的帮助和鼓励，让你在学英语的路上重新燃起了斗志，因为每天都在运用，你的英语口语就能得到了迅猛的提升，现在可以随便给一个话题，都能用英文滔滔不绝的发表5分钟以上对这个话题的看法和观点，想提高英语口语的 可以加入进来，It really works very well.
8.〔机会、可能的行动、工作等〕可用的；可拥有的
?The job is being kept open for her. 她仍有机会得到这份工作。
?So what other options are open to us? 那么我们还有什么其他的选择？
?There is only one course of action open to the local authority. 地方当局只有一个办法可以采用。
[+ to]?The 1960s was a period when greater opportunities were open to women. 20世纪60年代，女性有了更多的机会。
9.公开的，不加掩饰的
?Her father watched her with open admiration. 她父亲以不加掩饰的赞赏目光看着她。?open hostility between the two nations 两国之间公开的敌对状态
?The party was calling for more open government (= when the government makes information freely available ). 该政党呼吁要有更多的政务公开。
?The case will be tried in open court (= in a court where everything is public ). 这个案子将进行公开审理。
?It is an open secret (= it is supposed to be secret, but most people know about it ) that she is having an affair with another man. 她和另一个男人有染已是公开的秘密。
10.坦率的，坦诚的?his friendly, open manner 他那友善而坦诚的态度
[+ with]?The couple are quite open with each other about their feelings. 这对夫妻彼此之间开诚布公。
[+ about]?She was quite open about her ambitions. 她对自己的志向相当坦白。
11.未系好的，未扣上的
?the open neck of his shirt 他敞开的衬衫领口
?She was wearing an open jacket. 她敞着身上的夹克。
12.未定的，待决定的
?The matter remains an open question. 这件事仍待确定。
[+ to]?The new rates of pay are open to negotiation. 新的工资还有待商议。
?The test results are open to interpretation. 化验结果有待解释。
keep/leave your options open?Officers investigating her death are keeping their options open. 调查她死因的警员暂时未下定论。
13.open to sth易受某事物损害的，容易被某事物影响的
?The magazine’s editor is open to criticism in allowing the article to be printed. 该杂志的编辑会因允许刊登此文而遭受批评。
?The regulations are open to abuse by companies. 这些法规很容易被各公司滥用。
?He has left himself open to accusations of dishonesty. 他使自己陷于被人指责为不诚实的境地。
willing to consider something new or to accept something new 乐于接受某新事物的
?Teachers need to be open to children’s ideas. 教师要乐于倾听儿童的各种想法。
14.可通行的；畅通的
?We try to keep the mountain roads open all through the winter. 我们力图保持山路在整个冬季都畅通。
15.展开的，伸开的?At night the flowers were open. 夜里花开了。
?Johnson raised an open hand. 约翰逊举起摊开的手掌。
?He was sitting in bed with a book lying open (= with its pages apart so it can be read ) on his knees. 他坐在床上，腿上放着一本摊开的书。
16.an open mind开放的思想，不怀有成见?It’s important to keep an open mind as you study the topic. 研究这个题目时，不抱成见很重要。
17.be open to question/doubt有疑问，令人怀疑
?Whether the new situation is an improvement is open to question. 这一新局面是否算是一种改善仍令人怀疑。
18.welcome/greet sb/sth with open arms热烈地欢迎/迎接某人/某事物
?Mike will be welcomed back into the team with open arms. 迈克归队将受到热烈的欢迎。19.an open invitation 随时可以来访的邀请
something that makes it easier for criminals to steal, cheat etc 容易引来犯罪分子的情况
[+ to]?The lack of security measures provides an open invitation to crime. 缺乏安全措施为犯罪分子提供了可乘之机。
20.be an open book是…非常熟悉的事物，是…很了解的事物
?The natural world was an open book to him. 他对自然界了如指掌。
21.the door is open大有机会，大门敞开着
[+ to]?Schoolgirls are being told that the door is open to them to pursue careers in science. 女学生们被告知，她们是有机会从事科学事业的。
22.keep your eyes/ears open睁大眼睛看/竖起耳朵听〔以便注意到重要的、危险的等事情〕
23.open weave/texture〔织物的〕稀松织法/质地
open 2
1.开，打开?Jack opened the window. 杰克打开窗户。
2.打开；撕开；揭开?Louise opened a bottle of wine. 路易丝开了一瓶葡萄酒。
3.睁开?Barry was awake long before he opened his eyes. 巴里睁开眼睛之前早就醒了。
4.张开?He opened his mouth but couldn’t think what to say. 他张开嘴，但想不出该说什么。
5.〔公司、商店、餐馆等〕开张，开业?Sarah had recently opened an office in Genoa. 萨拉最近在热那亚开办了一个办事处。
6.开始营业?What time do the banks open? 银行什么时候开门营业？
7.着手，开始?An inquest into the deaths will be opened next week. 死因调查将于下周开始。
8.打开，开启〔计算机文件或程序〕
?Click on this icon to open the File Manager. 点击这个图标打开文件管理器。
9.(使)〔会议等〕开幕，(使)开始
?Hughes, opening the Conference, made a dramatic plea for peace. 休斯在大会开幕时对和平的呼吁令人印象深刻。
[+ with]?The concert opens with Beethoven’s Egmont Overture. 音乐会以贝多芬的《埃格蒙特序曲》开场。
10.为〔大楼等〕举行揭幕典礼；宣布…落成
?The new County Hall building was officially opened by the King. 郡议会新大楼由国王正式宣布落成。
11.展开，张开
?She opened her umbrella. 她打开伞。
12.开通，开放〔使汽车、货物等通过〕
?They were clearing away snow to open the tunnel. 他们在清扫积雪使隧道能够通行。
13.FILM/PLAY ETC 电影/戏剧等开始公映[公演]
?The film opened yesterday to excellent reviews. 这部影片昨天公映，获得佳评。
14.open an account开立账户
15.open fire (on sth)(向…)开火?Troops opened fire on the rioters. 军队向暴徒开火。
16.open the door/way to sth给某事物以机会，给某事物敞开方便之门
?Research on genes should open the door to exciting new medical treatments. 基因研究应该会为开发令人振奋的新疗法创造机会。
17.open sb’s eyes (to sth)使某人认清[了解](某事)
?The purpose of the training is to open managers’ eyes to the consequences of their own behaviour. 此次培训的目的是要让管理人员认识到自身行为的后果。
18.open your mind (to sth)乐于考虑[接受]〔新观念〕
19.open your heart (to sb)(对某人)敞开心扉，(向某人)倾吐心事
20.the heavens opened天降大雨
1.open 打开；张开
used about a door, window, container, package, letter, your eyes, or your mouth
?I opened the door quietly. 我轻轻把门打开。
?She was nervous about opening the letter. 她拆信的时候很紧张。
?Open your mouth wide. 把嘴张大。
2.unlock 〔用钥匙〕开…的锁
to open a door, drawer, box etc with a key
?You need a key to unlock the safe. 你需要钥匙才能打开保险箱。
3.unscrew 拧开，旋开〔瓶子、容器等的盖子〕
to open a lid on a bottle, container etc by turning it
?I carefully unscrewed the lid of the jar. 我小心地旋开罐子的盖。
4.force open 强行打开
to open a drawer, window, cupboard etc using force
?The door was locked so we had to force it open. 门锁着，我们只好硬把它撞开。
5.unwrap 拆开〔包装纸〕
to open a package by removing the paper that covers it
?The children were busy unwrapping their Christmas presents. 孩子们正忙着拆圣诞礼物。6.unfasten/undo 松开，解开〔安全带、衣物等〕
to make something no longer fastened or tied, for example a seat belt or a piece of clothing ?He unfastened the top button of his shirt. 他解开衬衫最上面的扣子。
?I was so full I had to undo my belt. 我吃得太饱了，只好解开腰带。
open onto/into sth
1.〔房间、门等〕通往，通向
?The door opens onto a long balcony. 这扇门通往一个很长的阳台。
open out
1.〔道路、小径或通道〕变宽，变开阔?Beyond the forest the path opened out into a track.过了森林，这条小径变成了一条较宽的小路。
2.变得不羞怯
open up
1.〔机会、新情况〕出现；产生
?With a microscope, a whole new world of investigation opens up. 有了显微镜，科学研究开启了一个崭新的世界。
open sth ←→ up
?The new international agreement opens up the possibility of much greater cooperation against terrorism.这项新的国际协定为打击恐怖主义创造了更大的合作机会。
2.
open sth ←→ up if someone opens up an area of land, they make it easier to reach and ready for development开发，开拓，开辟
?The new road will open up 300 acres of prime development land. 有了这条新路，300英亩的优质开发地将得以开辟。
3.to open something that is closed, locked, or covered打开，开启
?Open up, this is the police! 开门，我们是警察！
open sth ←→ up?He opened up his case and took out a clean sweater.他打开箱子，拿出一件
干净的毛衣。
4.(使)开张，开办，开设〔在某时〕开始营业[办公]
5.open sth ←→ up to start a discussion or argument
引起，引发〔讨论或争论〕
?The article was written with the intention of opening up a public debate. 写这篇文章的目的是引发公开的讨论。
6.if someone opens up a lead in a competition or race, they increase the distance or number of points by which they are winning
〔比赛中在距离或得分上〕领先
7.to stop being shy and say what you really think
〔不再羞怯地〕开始畅所欲言，开始倾诉心事
?Last night was the first time that Ken had opened up about his feelings. 昨晚是肯第一次敞开心扉谈论自己的感受。
8.to start shooting
射击，开火
9.if a hole, crack etc opens up or is opened up, it appears and becomes wider
(使)变宽，(使)扩大
open 3
1.in the open在户外，在野外
?In the summer, we camped in the open. 夏天我们在野外露营。
2.(out) in the open〔信息〕公开的[地]
?By now the whole affair was in the open. 如今整件事情已经公开了。
?She never let her dislike for him come out into the open. 她从不把对他的反感表现出来。?All these concerns need to be brought out into the open. 所有这些担心都需要公开讲出来。
such_as_的各种不同用法
一、such as 的七个用法 1. 表示举例，意为“例如，诸如此类的，像……那样的”，相当于like或for example。如： There are few poets such as Keats and Shelly. 像济慈和雪莱这样的诗人现在很少了。 Adverbs are used to modify verbs, such as “quickly” in “she ran fast”. 副词用来修饰动词，例如“她跑得快”中的“快”。 Animals such as rabbits and deer continue to be active all winter，finding food wherever they can . 像兔和鹿这样的动物整个冬天都是很活跃的，它们到处寻找食物。 用于此义时的几点说明： (1) 这类结构既可表现为“名词+such as+例子”，也可表现为“such+名词+as+例子”。如： I enjoy songs such as this one.= I enjoy such songs as this one. 我喜欢像这首歌一样的歌。 (2) 若后接动词，通常用动名词，有时也可用动词原形。如： Don’t do anything silly such as marry him. 不要做什么蠢事，比如说去嫁给他。 Magicians often perform tricks such as pulling a rabbit out of a hat. 魔术师常常变从帽子里抓出兔子的戏法。 (3) 不要按汉语意思将such as用作such like。 (4) 其后不可列出前面所提过的所有东西。如： 正：I know four languages, such as Japanese and English. 我懂四种语言，如日语、英语。 误：I know four languages, such as Chinese, French, Japanese and English. 我懂四种语言，如汉语、法语、日语和英语。 (5) 在现代英语中，such as可与etc. 连用。如： They planted many flowers, such as roses, sunflowers，etc. 他们种了许多种花，如玫瑰花、向日葵等。 They export a 1ot of fruits，such as oranges，lemons，etc. 他们出口许多水果，如桔子、柠檬等。 2. 表示“像……这样的”，其中的as 用作关系代词，引导定语从句，as 在定语从句中用作主语或宾语。此外，不要按汉语意思把该结构中的as 换成like。如： He is not such a fool as he looks. 他并不像他看起来那么傻。
it的用法归纳
?Never be afraid of grammar ?Collect some examples; ?Watch them very carefully; ?Find out something in common; ?Try to use the rules ---- practise. it用法完全归纳 一、it 作人称代词的用法 1.指事物 作为人称代词，it 可以除人以外的一切事物或动物。如： I dropped my watch and it broke. 我把手表掉在地上摔坏了。 It’s hard work, but I enjoy it. 工作很辛苦，可是我乐意干。 “Where is the dog?”“It’s in the bedroom. ”“狗在哪?”“在卧室里”。 2.指人 it 指人主要用于指不性别不明的婴儿或用于确认某人的身份。如： Is it a boy or a girl? 是男孩还是女孩? There is a knock on the door. It must be the postman. 有人在敲门，一定是邮递员。 【说明】在答语中，常用来指本人，如说It’s me。
3.代替某些代词 代词it 还可用于代替指示代词this, that 以及复合不定代词something, anything, nothing等。如： “What’s this?”“It’s a new machine. ”“这是什么?”“是一种新机器”。 Nothing is wrong, is it? 没出什么问题，是吗? 二、it 作非人称代词的用法 1.基本用法 it 作非人称代词的用法，主要用于指时间、距离、价值、天气、气候及温度等自然现象。如： It’s too late to go there now. 现在去那儿已经太迟了。 It rained all day yesterday. 昨天下了一天的雨。 It can get very hot here. 这里有时会很热。 2.用于某些句型 It’s time for sth. 该做某事了。 It’s time to do sth. 该做某事的时候了。 It’s time for sb to do sth. 某人该干某事了。 It’s (about / high) time + that-从句. 某人该做某事了。(从句谓语用过去式，有时也用“should+动词原形”) It’s first (second) time + that-从句. 某人第几次干某事。(从句谓语用现在完成时)
openssh6.8升级方案V2.0
openssh6.8升级参考指南(仅供参考，请自行测试) 务必开启telnet防止登不上 系统信息如下： 系统版本：Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.5 (Santiago) 64位 openssl和openssh版本OpenSSH_5.3p1, OpenSSL 1.0.0-fips 29 Mar 2010 1.升级所需要的安装包 不同的环境需要不同的安装包，此次安装需要安装包如下 GCC环境所需的安装包： ppl-0.10.2-11.el6.x86_64.rpm cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86_64.rpm mpfr-2.4.1-6.el6.x86_64.rpm cpp-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64.rpm gcc-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64.rpm 编译安装openssl和openssh所需的安装包 zlib-devel-1.2.3-29.el6.x86_64.rpm pam-devel-1.1.1-17.el6.x86_64.rpm OpenSSH 升级所需安装包： openssl-1.0.0s.tar.gz openssh-6.8p1.tar.gz 2.升级相关步骤
2.1安装GCC环境所需的安装包和相关软件包 [root@localhost opt]# rpm -ivh ppl-0.10.2-11.el6.x86_64.rpm [root@localhost opt]# rpm -ivh cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86_64.rpm [root@localhost opt]# rpm -ivh mpfr-2.4.1-6.el6.x86_64.rpm [root@localhost opt]# rpm -ivh cpp-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64.rpm [root@localhost opt]# rpm -ivh gcc-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64.rpm [root@localhost opt]# rpm -ivh zlib-devel-1.2.3-29.el6.x86_64.rpm [root@localhost opt]# rpm -ivh pam-devel-1.1.1-17.el6.x86_64.rpm 2.2卸载系统自带的openssh，同时清除系统/etc/ssh目录 备份openssh的配置文件 [root@localhost opt]#cp -r /etc/ssh /etc/ssh_bak [root@localhost opt]# cp/etc/init.d/sshd /etc/init.d/sshd_bak [root@localhost opt]#cp/usr/sbin/sshd /usr/sbin/sshd_bak
For-example与such-as的用法及区别
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It的用法及典型句型归纳. 个人总结
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OPEN门禁系统方案(RS485网络多门)
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目录 第一章概述 (3) 1．1非接触式智能卡及多信息载体识别 (3) 1．2智能门禁系统 (3) 第二章系统需求分析 (3) 第三章系统设计目标及原则 (4) 3．1系统设计目标 (4) 3．2系统设计原则 (4) 第四章系统解决方案及技术描述 (5) 4．1系统概述 (5) 4．2系统基本功能及特点 (5) 4．3系统结构 (7) 6．2门禁管理系统概要说明 (9) 第五章工程实施 (12)
第一章概述 随着科技和经济的发展，非接触式智能卡的广泛应用已渗透到各个领域，目前已经覆盖了身份识别、小区物业、智能大厦、出入口控制、车辆管理、消费餐饮、商业物流、办公考勤、人力资源管理、图书档案卡、医疗保健卡管理、电话收费管理、会议电子签到与表决和保安巡更管理等等，其中门禁、停车场管理、考勤、电梯控制、巡更、消费/POS、图书管理、能源管理的应用是当前市场上最常见的。 1．1RF-SIM卡及载体识别 卡识别载体：通道控制系统的认证识别基本载体是RF-SIM卡读卡器，是将具有存储、加密及数据处理能力的一个或多个集成电路芯片和感应线圈封闭于标准PVC卡片中，通过无线电波的数据信号完成对信息的存取、修改读写等并返回读卡器。 1．2智能门禁系统 智能门禁系统是指基于现代电子与信息技术，在建筑物内外的出入口安装智能卡电子自动识别系统，通过持有非接触式卡片来对人（或物）的进出实施放行、拒绝、记录等操作的智能化管理系统, 其目的是为了有效的控制人员（物品）的出入，并且记录所有出入的详细情况，实现对出入口的安全管理。 在门禁管理系统中无论选用哪种智能卡或生物识别（指纹等），都可以实现自动化管理，具体根据资金投资、功能需求及与其它系统的配套情况等来选用。 第二章系统需求分析 随着综合布线和网络的越来越广泛，充分利用原有的综合布线以及网络资源能给系统带来极大的方便，同时也节省了线材和工程安装成本. （1）改造或新建的门禁点。 （2）单向门禁的数量(刷卡进，按钮出)；双向门禁的数量(刷卡进，刷卡出)。
it的用法及句型总结
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2. one代替前面提到的同类事物中的一个。该事物只能是可数名词,前面可以有冠词,也可以被this、that或形容词修饰,其后也可以有定语。（泛指，指代可数名词，指代人或物，同名异物） I have a bike. Do you have one Eg: (1).I bought a dictionary three years ago and I am still using______ now. (2) I bought a dictionary three years ago but I am going to buy a new _______soon. (3). that代替前面提到的同类事物中特指的一个。该事物既可以是可数名词也可以是不可数名词,必须要有后置定语,但不可以有前置修饰语。（特指，指代单数或不可数，指代物，后面有定语） The coffee produced in Brazil is more famous than __________in Mexico. 四：形式主语、宾语、强调句及其他
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OpenReports中文支持完全解决方案 一、主要解决的问题 1 页面显示支持中文 2 与服务器或数据库的交互支持中文 3 查询结果支持中文 4 导出文件名及内容支持中文 二、解决方案及方法 1 增加的类 1.1 cn.ExportDelegate 直接来自原文件org.displaytag.filter.ExportDelegate，只是将文件名转码， 解决中文表格数据和导出中文文件名时，会产生乱码现象。被cn.ResponseOverrideFilter调用。
1.2 cn.ResponseOverrideFilter 直接来自原文件org.displaytag.filter.ResponseOverrideFilter，原有ResponseOverrideFilter路径指向新建Filter的路径，必须。 1.3 cn.SetCharacterEncodingFilter 是一个标准的自定义字符集转换Filter，必须。
have got的详细用法回顾.doc
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高中英语语法权威解析二---“It”用法及其句型和固定搭配讲解(附练习题)
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suchas引导定语从句的四种类型
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It句型归纳最全总结.docx
It句型归纳总结 I． It作形式主的句型 ①It + be + adj (kind , wise , careless, clever?) + of sb to do sth Eg: It is wise of him to make such a decision.他做出的决定是明智的。 ②It + be + adj(easy , safe , common , normal?) + for sb to do sth 句型中adj 若 important, necessary, natural, possible, strange, vital, essential 等可改从句 ,从句用 .Eg: It’svery dangerous for children to play with fire. It is important for us to learn English well.(= It is important that we (should) learn English well.) should+原形。 ③It + be +V-ed( reported, believed, said, suggested ? ) + that 从句 句型中：⑴若 V-ed reported, believed, said 等常“据道”，“据”，“据”。⑵若 V-ed suggested, ordered, demanded, insisted 等表示“建”,“命令”的，从句要用虚气 (should)+原形。 Eg: It is suggested that the book (should) be revised. It’s said that Tom has been back from abroad. (=Tom is said to have been back from abroad.) ④It + be + n (a pity, a shame, a fact , good news ? ) + that 从句 :? 句型中，从句一般用(should) + 原形，表示出乎意料，常＂竟然＂。 Eg: It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class.种事竟然生在你班上，真是憾！ ⑤It is useless/no use/no good /pleasure+ doing sth 此句型中的it 是形式主 , 其后的名短是真正的主,“做?没有用”。 Eg : It ‘s useless arguing with him further. // It ’sno use talking with him, because he won ’tlisten. ⑥It takes sb. ... to do sth. 句型中 it 是形式主，真正的是 to do sth ，常＂做．．．要花某人．．．＂。 Eg: It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall. II．It 作形式的句型 1. sb find/ believe/ think/ feel/ consider/ make + it +n/adj +to do或从句 句型中的it 作形式。了方便我可称句型“6123 构”。6 consider, feel； 1 指的是形式it； 2 指的是的两种形式：形容或名； 名短或that 引的从句。 Eg: We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day. He felt it important learning English well. They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days. 2. 主＋ hate / dislike / love / like＋it＋when－从句 Eg: I hate it when people speak with their mouths full. 3. 主＋ appreciate＋it＋if－从句 Eg: I really appreciate it if you could help me with my math. 4. sb. depend on/count on/rely on/see to(，确保 ) / answer for it that?指主句中常用的：think, believe, make, find, 3 指的是真正的三种形式：不定式短， 5.sb. take it for granted that ???是理所当然的 Eg: I take it for granted that he will succeed. III.It 引的句型 ⑴It + is/has been+段+ since 引的状从句:? 句型中从句一般用去，句意“自从 ......以来已多久了” Eg : It is 5 minutes since the bus left.公汽开走已有 5 分了 ⑵It + be （will/was ）+ 段+ before 引的状从句: 句型中，主句be 若肯定式，意“ 多久才......；若” 否定式，意“没多久就......。” Eg : It will be long/ 3 hours before he comes back. 要三个小他才会回来 It was 3 hours before he came back. 了三个小他才回来 ⑶It + be + 点+ when 引的状从句
CANopen综合开发方案
CANopen协议综合开发方案 （V3.1） 中国单片机公共实验室 2006年7月
关于CANopen CANopen协议集定义了基于CAN的分布式工业自动化系统的应用标准以及CAN应用层通信标准。CANopen是CAN-in-Automation(CiA)定义的标准之一，并且在发布后不久就获得了广泛的承认。尤其是在欧洲，CANopen被认为是在基于CAN的工业系统中占领导地位的标准。CANopen协议集基于所谓的“通信子集”，该子集规定了基本的通信机制及其特性。 大多数重要的设备类型，例如数字和模拟的输入输出模块，驱动设备，操作设备，控制器，可编程控制器或编码器，都在称为“设备子集”的协议中进行描述。设备子集定义了不同类型的标准设备及其相应的功能。依靠CANopen协议集的支持，可以对不同厂商的设备通过总线进行配置和系统重构。 CANopen标准最核心的部分是通过对象字典（Object Dictionary）对设备功能进行描述。对象字典分为两部分，第一部分包括基本的设备信息，例如设备ID，制造商，通信参数等等。第二部分描述了特殊的设备功能。 一个16位的索引和一个8位的子索引唯一确定了对象字典的入口。通过对象字典的入口可以对设备的“应用对象”进行基本网络访问，设备的“应用对象”可以是输入输出信号，设备参数，设备功能和网络变量等等。 CANopen设备的功能及特性以电子数据单（EDS）的形式描述，EDS采用ASCII格式，可以将EDS理解成某种形式的表格。实际的设备设置通过所谓的设备配置文件（DCF）进行描述。 EDS和DCF都可以从Internet上下载，并可以存储在设备之中。