2014年12月大学英语四级考试 选词填空 考试题库

大学英语四级考试选词填空考试题库

第一篇关于减肥

Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.

Perhaps like most Americans you have some extra pounds to 47 . You may even have tried a fad diet or two, but found yourself right back where you started. The key to weight loss is regular 48 activity. And surprisingly, you don't have to give up eating or make the gym your second home to see long-term, 49 effects.

You body needs a certain amount of energy to maintain basic 50 such as breathing, blood circulation and digestion. The energy required to keep your organs functioning is referred to as the resting or basal metabolic rate.

Any time you are active, 51 energy is required. It is obtained from glycogen and fat stored in the blood, liver, and muscles. The key to losing weight is to draw on the fat rather than on the carbohydrate reserves.

Which of the two energy sources you use depends on the intensity and 52 of your activity. The higher the intensity, the more your body will pull from the stored carbohydrates. The lower the intensity, the more your body will 53 on fat as its fuel.

Aerobic exercise is most 54 for weight loss. When you perform aerobic activities you 55 contract large muscle groups such as your legs and arms. Walking, running, rollerblading, swimming, dancing, and jumping jacks are all forms of aerobic activity.

Surprisingly, if your aerobic activity is low to moderately intense and of long duration, you will burn more fat than if you had 56 in a short burst of high-intensity exercise. In short, a brisk 30-minute walk will burn fat while a 100-yard sprint will burn glycogen.

[A] positive[B] additional[C] duration[D] effectivee[E] shed [F] physical

[G] food [H] functions [I] participated [J] rely [K] cut [L] repeatedly

[M] uses [N] little [O] obvious

47. E 该空需填入动词原形，结合原意“和大多数美国人一梯状，你(的体重)可能也有几磅需要________”可知，E(去除)最符合文意。

48. F 结合常识和下文可知，F最符合文意。

49. A 结合句意“令人惊奇的是，为了看到长期________效果你不必节食或常去健身馆”，可知空格处需填一形容词，初选后留下A、D。由于下文只是讲到运动会帮助减肥，但并未说明它的效果明显，所以此处宜选用意思上更宽泛的positive(正面的，有效的)。

50. H 下文举例的breathing, blood circulation and digestion都是人体的基本功能，且其后的functioning已给出了提示，故H最符合文意。

51. B 该空需填入形容词，结合常识和句意“任何时候只要你活动，你都需要________能量”来看选项，B(额外的)符合文意。

52. C 该句句意为“采用这两种能量消耗来源中的哪一种取决于你活动的强度和

________”，结合下文提到的...low to moderately intense and of long duration...可知C最符合文意。

53. J 结合句意“(活动的)强度越低，身体越________于脂肪作为其燃料”，该空应填入能和on搭配的动词，J最符合文意。

54. D 结合常识可知，有氧运动是最有效的减肥方式，选项中D最符合文意。

55. L 该空需填入副词，选项中只有L和N可作副词，由下文提到的walking, running, swimming, dancing, and jumping等可推知在这些有氧运动中四肢的活动是反复的，故排除N。

56. I 该空需填入动词的过去分词，结合句意“如果你已经________高强度、爆发性的运动，你会燃烧更多的脂肪”可知I最符合文意。

第二篇关于太阳花

A sunflower is a sunflower. A mobile phone is a mobile phone. But can you 47 the two to do something for your local 48 ?

It may well be possible. When you have finished with your mobile phone you will be able to

49 it in the garden or a plant pot and wait for it to flower.

50 , a biodegradable (生物可降解的)mobile phone was introduced by scientists. It is hoped that the new type of phone will encourage 51 to recycle.

Scientists have come up with a new material over the last five years. It looks like any other 52 and can be hard or soft. and able to change shape. Overtime it can also break down into the soil without giving out any toxic 53 . British researchers used the new material to develop a phone cover that contains a sunflower seed. When this new type of cover turns into waste, it 54 nitrates(硝酸盐). These feed the seed and help the flower grow.

Engineers have designed a small 55 window to hold the seed. They have made sure it only grows when the phone is thrown away.

"We've only put sunflower seeds into the covers so far. But we are working with plant 56

to find out which flowers would perform best. Maybe we could put roses in next time," said one scientist.

[A] Recently [B] consumer [C] chemical [D] environment [E] combine

[F] transparent [G] buy [H] companion [I] experts [J] forms [K] bury

[L] paper [M] paper [N] plastic [O] Usually

47. E 该空应填入动词原形，选项中只有E、G和K是动词原形。文章前两句点明两者是截然不同的东西，这里用but一转，讲能不能把两者结合起来，E最符合文章。

48. D 本题需通读下文，对整篇文章有所了解才能得出答案。由下文的相关信息词biodegradable (生物可降解的)，recycle(回收)等可知D最符合文意。

49. K 该名前半句讲手机报废，所以极可能是把废弃的手机扔进或埋进花园，动词原形的E. G. K中，K最符合文意。

50. A 分析空格所在句的句子结构，空格处应充当状语成分且需大写，结合词义，选项中A符合文意。

51. B 结合句意“这种新型手机有望激励________进行回收利用”可推知此空应填入表示人的名词，故B最符合文意。

52. N 前句提到科学家开发了一种新材料，接着谈到这种新材料像其他________一样容易塑形，这正是塑料的特性，故选N。

53. C 空格所在句意为“随着时间的流逝，它也能分解到土壤里，而且不会释放出任何

有毒的__ ______”，分解多半与化学有关，所以空格处应填入chemicals(化学物质)。

54. J 该空需填入第三人称单数的动词形式，选项中只有J符合文意。

55. F 该空需填入一个形容词，选项中只有F和O是形容词，F(透明的)符合文意。因为只有透明的才方便工程师观察，才有下面的make sure一说。

56. I 由句意“但我们(工程师)现在正和植物________合作…”可知，空格处应选表一类人的名词，且用可数形式，B、I中I符合文意。

第三篇关于外教

Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.

In recent years, more and more foreigners are involved in the teaching programs of the United States. Both the advantages and the disadvantages47 using foreign faculty in teaching positions have to be48 , of course. It can be said that the foreign background that makes the faculty member from abroad an asset also49 problems of adjustment, both for the university and for the individual. The foreign research scholar usually isolates himself in the laboratory as a means of protection; 50 , what he needs is to be fitted to a highly organized university system quite different from51 at home. He is faced in his daily work with differences in philosophy, arrangements of courses and methods of teaching. Both the visiting professor and his students52 a common ground in each other’s cultures, some concept of what is already in the minds of American students is53 for the foreign professor. While helping him to adapt himself to his new environment, the university must also 54 certain adjustments in order to take full advantage of what the newcomer can55 . It isn’t always known how to make creative use of foreign faculty, especially at smaller colleges. This is thought to be a56 where further study is called for. The findings of such a study will be of value to colleges and universities with foreign faculty.

A)field B)possess C)considered D)express E)offer F)create G)required

H)of I)emerge J)make K)lack L)however M)scope N)cause O)that

Section A

原文精译

近年来，越来越多的外国人参与了美国的教学项目。当然，在教学中使用外国教职员工既有优点，又有缺点，这必须予以考虑。可以这样说，国外背景使外国教职员工具有价值的同时，也给学校和个人的调整带来一些问题。外国学者通常把自己孤立在实验室中，以此作为一种保护;然而，他所需要的是把自己融入一个具有高度组织的大学体系中，这种体系与其国家的体系截然不同。在日常工作中，他要面对哲学、课程安排和教学方法上的差异。访问教授和他的学生在各自的文化方面都缺乏一种共同点，所以外国教授需要明白美国学生已经了解了那些概念。在帮助外国教授使其适应新环境的同时，学校也必须作出某些调整，以充分发挥新人的优势。如何创造性地利用外国教职教员并不总为人所知，特别是在一些较小的学校中。这被认为是需要进一步研究的领域，其研究成果将对拥有外国教职员工的学院和大学产生重大的价值。

47. 【答案】H)

【解析】选of 。使用外国教师的优点和缺点必须仔细权衡，此处空格填介词of。

48. 【答案】C)

【解析】选considered。consider意思是“考虑，认为”。使用外国教师的优点和缺点必须仔细权衡，此处用被动语态。

49. 【答案】F)

【解析】选create。create意思是“产生，制造”。国外的教师资源也会产生些问题。

50. 【答案】L)

【解析】选however。本句与前一句意思为转折关系，而且转折词在前，因此用连词however。

51. 【答案】O)

【答案】选that。他必须适应管理严密的大学体系，而这一点是与他国内的大学体系大不相同的。that是指代大学体系。

52. 【答案】K)

【解析】选lack。所有外来教授和他的学生都缺乏文化共同性。

53. 【答案】G)

【解析】选required。外来教授需要接受美国学生头脑里已存在的那些概念。

54. 【答案】J)

【解析】选make。“做些调整”用动词make。大学必须做出适当的调整。

55. 【答案】E)

【解析】选offer。offer意思是“提供，供应”。

56. 【答案】A)

【解析】选field。field意思是“领域”。这是一个有待进一步研究的领域。

第四篇关于摇滚

Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.

Rock and roll is a genre of popular music that evolved in the United States in the late 1940s and early 1950s. Its 47 lie mainly in blues, rhythm and blues, country, folk, gospel, and jazz. The style subsequently spread to the rest of the world and developed further, leading ultimately to 48 rock music.

The term “rock and roll”now covers at least two different meanings, both in common usage. The American Heritage Dictionary and the Merriam-Webster Dictionary both 49 rock and roll as synonymous with rock music.

50 , https://www.sodocs.net/doc/754994139.html, defines the term as referring specifically to the music of the 1950s.

Classic rock and roll is 51 played with one or two electric guitars, a string bass or an electric bass guitar, and a drum kit. In the 52 rock and roll styles of the late 1940s, either the piano or saxophone was often the lead instrument, but these were generally 53 or supplemented by the guitar in the middle to late 1950s.

The massive popularity and eventual worldwide view of rock and roll gave it a 54 social impact. Far beyond simply a musical style, rock and roll, as seen in movies and in the new medium of television, 55 lifestyles, fashion, attitudes, and language. It went on to spawn various sub-genres, often without the initially 56 backbeat, that are now more commonly called simply “rock music”or “rock”.

A) define I) followed B) characteristic J) modern

C) unique K) explanation D) roots L) Conversely

E) usually M) replaced F) Basically N) prepare

G) earliest O) seldoH) influenced

Section A

47. D)。此处需要一个名词。此处讲的是摇滚主要植根于布鲁斯、节奏布鲁斯、乡村音乐、民歌、福音歌以及爵士乐。

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