新视野大学英语(第三版)第一册第四单元课后练习答案

新视野大学英语（第三版）第一册第四单元课后练习

答案

Language focus

Words in use

3

1 involve

2 fulfilled

3 intense

4 advocate

5 circumstances

6 respond

7 subsequent

8 confined

9 reconciled 10 distinct

Word building

4

Words learned new words formed

agree agreeable

apply applicable

desire desirable

sustain sustainable

compare comparable

accept acceptance

attend attendance

assist assistance

entertainment entertain

assignment assign

engage engangement

5

1 assistance

2 comparable

3 attendance

4 engagement

5 applicable

6 assigned

7 acceptance

8 entertain

9 agreeable 10 sustainable 11 desirable

Banked cloze

6

1 L

2 N

3 J

4 F

5 M

6 C

7 H

8 K 9A 10 E

Expressions in use

7

1 shield…from

2 make sense of

3 called on

4 in need

5 are/ get caught up in

6 relate to

7 sum up

8 count on 9 In her words 10 reserved for

Structure analysis and writing

8

Question:

Some first responders do not succeed in helping others and they get injured or die in their efforts. Do these people become heroes because of what happens to them as they try to help others-instead of what they actually make happen?(Para. 9)

Example:

Ms. McMahon was the founder of a cycling association. Her husband was a police officer who was killed in an off-duty bicying accident. Ms.McMahon thought that Sgt. Russell was indeed a hero because he showed distinct courage when trying hard in a heavy snowstorm to stop the snowplow before it hurt others. She summed up that it’s natural for most people to rush toward safety and away from danger. Heroes, however, rush toward danger to help those in need. (Paras. 10-11) Conclusion:

We expect first responders to rush forward in times of danger. So when they die doing that, we should recognoize their heroic action even though we ourselves may not be that brave. (Para. 12)

Structured writing

9

Where does happiness come from? Ann was a full-time worker with a low income, but she devoted a lot of her time to helping people in her community. One day, Ann was diagnosed with a severe heart disease,but

she did not have enough money for treatment. When people in her community heard the news, they raised money for her and helped take care of her children. Although Ann was very sick, she felt very happy. She had enjoyed helping other people, who now in turn were happy to help her. Happiness is indeed the result of helping each other.

Translation

10

作为通过中国游历亚洲的首批欧洲人之一，马可·波罗可能是中国人最熟知的外国商人和航海家。从1271年到1295年，他和他的家人游历广泛，遍及欧洲及亚洲。期间，他在中国留居了17年。他的著作《马可·波罗游记》描述了他游历亚洲的旅程，让欧洲人首次全面领略了包括中国、印度和日本在内的远东地区的情况。从他的文字叙述中，西方人第一次了解到瓷器、煤炭、火药、印刷术、纸币以及丝绸。在15世纪末和16世纪欧洲发现与征服的大航海时代，马可·波罗所记录的大量新的地理信息得到了广泛使用。在他去世后的这几个世纪里，马可·波罗获得了他在有生之年未曾获得的赞誉。马可·波罗的故事鼓舞了其他无数的探险者去踏上征程，发现世界。

11

Zheng He was the most famous maritime explorer in Chinese history. In

1405AD, the ruler of the Ming Dynasty sent Zheng He on a voyage to the Western Seas in order to strengthen border defense and develop trade by sea. In the following 28 years, Zheng He led his fleet, made seven voyages to the Western Seas with over100, 000 crew members in total, and visited more than 30 countries and regions. The fleet travelled far into South Asia and West Asia, and made all the way to th continent of Africa. Zheng He’s voyages to the Western Seas were a great feat in the world’s navigation history. It showed Zheng He’s outstanding navigation and organization talents; meanwhile, it exhibited the national strength and prestige of the Ming Dynasty, and strengthened the relationships between the Ming Dynasty and the overseas countries.

Section B

Reading skills

1

1 November.

2 In the Dalton River

3 Jonda.

4 Sandy.

Reading Comprehension

2

1 B

2 D

3 C

4 D

5 C

6 D

7 B

8 D

Critical thinking

3

1 No, I don’t think so. Although it is the duty of police officer to save victims in accidents, they should not be blamed for failing to save the victims on some occasions. It would be unfair to blame them as situations may become out of their control. Sometimes they themselves may get injured or even die in their efforts to save those in danger. So in this sense, they may fail to save victims, but they are still heroes and are respectable.

2 Helping others surely has its benefits. When we help others, we can derive a feeling of happiness and a sense of fulfillment. We will earn respect from other people. Besides, by helping others, we set an example for others who, in turn, will help even more people. If we extend a helping hand whenever necessary, we will help build a more friendly and harmonious world.

3 I think it depends on the situation. If you know your sacrifice will save another person’s life, it is undoubtedly worthwhile even if you have to risk your own life. Nonetheless, if you clearly know that your efforts won’t save them even at the cost of your own life, then it is not a good idea to give up your own life. Maybe a better and more practical way is to ask more people for help. This way, you will not only save the victim, but also avid unnecessary casualties.

Language focus

Words in use

4

1 collapse

2 heal

3 lean

4 reflected

5 slippery

6 identify

7 abolished

8 ignore

9 aspiration 10 betrayed Expressions in use

5

1 lean on

2 pull over

3 is grateful for

4 filled up with

5 broke through

6 brought…to a halt

7 letting go of

8 held on 9 turned off 10 beat them to it

Sentence structure

6

1 It used to be that there were many fish in the river and people swam in it.

2 It used to be that Tom was afraid of heights, but he has got over the fear now.

3 It used to be that John assisted his wife with housework, but now he is too busy to do so.

7

1 Standing alongside him in front of a farmhouse was a woman in an elegant dress.

2 Hung indide the hut are fruits and vegetables, including apples, grapes and corn.

3 The strange man came into the house. Covered with mud were his shoes.

Collocation

8

1 carried out/ conducted

2 gave/ delivered/ presented

3 enroll in/ take

4 invented/ coined

5 created

6 put in/ devote

7 delivered/ gave/ offered

8 put forward/ offer/ provide

9 take

10 write/ finish/ complete

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１ F 2 G ３ H ４J 5 Ｅ６ A 7 N ８ I 9 Ｋ l0 M 7 ｌ 2 3 4 5 ; 6 7 ８ 9 世界公民是指一个人承认自己是新兴的全球社区的一分子,而且其行动对全球社区的价值打造和实践活动有所贡献。世界公民相信人类从本质上来说是一个整体，任何个人都有改变事物的能力。在我们这样一个相互依赖的世界中，世界公民意识鼓励我们认识到对彼此的责任,并从对方身上学习。世界公民关心全球的教育、疾病、贫穷和环境问题。在当今，全球合作的力量在使一些人萌发世界公民的意识,让他们拥有对全球社区的归属感。这种不断发展的世界公民意识在很大程度上来讲,要归功于现代信息、通信和交通技术的力量世界公民意识致力于给予人们力量，让他们付诸行动，世界公民除了要从世界问题中学习知识和价值观,还要拥有必需的技能,使他们拥有能力和自信,积极推动世界的发展。 , "" . , ． . , , 's , .ａ＇s ．,.

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[5]

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