3.名词或代词作主语时和谓语之间的单复数的一致问题

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1、谓语和谓语基本保持单复数的一致,即：主语是可数名词单数或不可数名词时,谓语动词用

单数形式：如：The computer was a great invention.(计算机是个了不起的发明)The water in the glass is very cold.(玻璃杯里的水很冷)

2、集体名词(如family, class, team, group, row, police, school等)做句子主语时,

①如果表示整体概念,则谓语用单数形式,如：Class Three is a very good class.(三班

是好班)

②如果表示其中的所有成员时,则谓语用复数形式,如：Class Three have a map of China.(三

班有张中国地图)

3、Chinese, Japanese, fish, sheep, people等表示单个时谓语用单数,表示许多时,谓语用复数。

如：There is a sheep in the yard.(院子里有只绵羊)/ There are some sheep in the yard.(院子里有一些绵羊)

4、maths, news等虽然有s结尾,但不是复数,因此谓语仍用单数：The news is very exciting.(这

个消息令人兴奋)

5、glasses, shoes, socks, trousers, gloves等名词往往用复数形式,故谓语用复数。如：

The trousers are very cheap and I want to take them.(裤子很便宜,我想买)

6、a lot of后跟名词复数时谓语用复数形式,跟不可数名词时谓语用单数形式。如：A lot of

students are playing baseball now.(现在有许多学生在打垒球) A lot of time was wasted on that work.(大量的时间花在了那个工作上)(被动句)

7、and连接两个名词做主语时,谓语原则上用复数,但是两个名词若构成一个整体事物时,谓

语则用单数。如：The teacher and his son are pick ing a pples now.(老师和他的儿子在摘苹果) / Fish and chips is very famous food. (鱼和薯条是一种出名的食品)

8、there be句型中be的单复数一般由靠近的名词决定。如：There is a table and four chairs in

the room.(房间里有一张桌子和四张椅子)

9、用both…and…连接两个事物做主语时,谓语一般用复数。如：Both you and I are required

to be here tomorrow.(你和我明天要求都来)

10、主语中含有with的短语时,谓语单复数由with之前的人物决定。如：A woman with a

7-year-old child was standing at the side of the road. (一名妇女带着一个七岁的孩子(当时)就站在路边)

11、either…or…或者neither…nor…连接两个人物做句子主语时,谓语采用就近原则。如：

Either you or he is right.(要么是你对,要么是他对。/你和他有一个人是对的) / Neither you nor I am going there.(你和我都不打算去那里)

12、表示一段时间或长度概念的复数名词做主语时,谓语一般用单数。如：Two months is not a

short time.(两个月不是个短时间)Two thousand kilometers is quite a long distance(距离).(两千千米是相当长的一段距离)

13、主语中含有half of… / (three quarters)of… / all (of) the ….等词语时,谓语的单复数由名词

确定,如：Over three quarters of the information on the Internet is in English.(因特网上四分之三以上的信息是用英语写的) / A third of the students were playing near the lake.(学生的三分之一(当时)正在湖边玩耍) / All of the water in these rivers has been polluted.(这些河流中的水已经被污染了)(被动句)

但是,population一词又有特殊情况：What’s the population of China?(中国人口是多少？)(句子用单数) / Three quarters of the population in this city are Arabs(阿拉伯人).(这个城市四分之三的人口是阿拉伯人)(句子用复数)

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人称代词主宾格、物主代词、反身代词表格 -标准化文件发布号：（9456-EUATWK-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DDQTY-KII

人称代词主宾格、物主代词、反身代词、所有格 一、人称代词是表示"我"、"你"、"他"、"她"、"它"、"我们"、"你们"、"他们"的词。 人称代词有人称、数和格的变化，见下表： 二、物主代词表示所有关系的代词，也可叫做代词所有格。表示某人或某物属于某一个人。 如"我的"、"你的"、"他的"、"她的"、"它的"、"我们的"、"你们的"、"他们的"的词。 物主代词分形容性物主代词和名词性物主代词二种，其人物和数的变化，见下表： 三、反身代词表示"我自己"、"你自己"、"他自己"、"我们自己"、"你们自己""他们自己"、等代词， 在英语中，我们一般只对人或某些生物用"'s"来表示所有关系，名词所有格放在其所修饰的名词之前。带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格，如：a teacher's book。 名词所有格的构成有一条简单的规则：即除了以-S结尾复数名词只需加一省字号"'"外，任何人称名词都可以加"'s"。具体情况如下： 1）单数名词词尾加"'s"，复数名词词尾没有s，也要加"'s" the boy's bag 男孩的书包 men's room 男厕 2）以s结尾的单数名词后加"'s" A waitress’s job 服务员的工作 3）若名词已有复数词尾-s ，只加"'" the workers' struggle工人的斗争 the teachers’ desk 4) 以s结尾的人名后既可加"'s"，也可以"'" Mr Jones’/Mr Jones’s car 5）如果两个名词并列，并且分别有's，则表示"分别有"；只有一个's，则表示'共有' John's and Mary's room（两间） John and Mary's room（一间） 6）表示店铺或教堂名字或某人的家时，名词所有格的后面常不出现它所修饰的名词the barber's 理发店 the doctor’s 诊所 7）复合名词或短语，'s 加在最后一个词的词尾 a month or two's absence 8）凡不能加"'s"的名词，都可用"名词+of +名词"结构来表示所有关系 the title of the song 歌名 9）有些无生命的物体后面也可以用所有格，如 a day’s work 一天的工作 a month’s salary 一个月的薪水 two pound s’ worth of bread 两英镑的面包 五、双重所有格 物主代词不可与 a, an, this, that, these, those, some, any, several, no, each, every, such, another, which

(完整版)主谓一致详解超详细

1、形式一致 主语是复数，谓语动词用复数形式 主语是单数，谓语动词用单数形式 2、语意一致 谓语动词用单数的清况 1）当名词词组中心词为表示金钱、时间、度量、距离、价格等复数名词时，把这些复数名词看作一个整体。谓语动词采用单数形式。 Twenty-five dollars is too much to pay for that shirt． Fifty minutes isn’t enough to finish this test． Ten miles seems like a long walk to me． 2 以“-s”结尾的书刊名、国名、组织名、游戏名、运动名，谓语动词用单数 以-ics结尾的名词指一门学科时，常用单数谓语动词形式。当这些名词表示实际内容时，谓语动词则用复数形式。 这类单词有：economics经济学electronics电子学 physics物理学politics政治学 mathematics数学statistics统计学 Roots was a novel about a slave family． His politics were a matter of great concern to his friend． Politics is his favorite subject． Statistics show that approximately 40 percent of all marriages in the US end in divorce． Statistics is a subject that is difficult to learn． 3) 有些表示某类别的总称的集合名词，如：machinery(机械)，clothing(衣服)，luggage(行李)，furniture(家具)，equipment(设备)，jewelry(珠宝)等作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。如：My luggage was sent by air． The equipment of our factory is all imported from Britain． 4) 不定式、现在分词和从句作主语，谓语动词通常用单数： Playing with fire is dangerous． 注意：若用and连接两个动名词、不定式短语或主语从句，表示两个不同的概念，则谓语动词用复数形式。若表示同一概念，则谓语动词用单数形式 Early to rise and early to bed is a good habit． When and where the building will be built hasn’t been decided． 主语从句要根据从句表达的意思而定 What she said is correct．What he gave me are five English books． 谓语动词用复数的情况 1）由and或both...and...连接两个单数名词作主语时，指的是复数概念，谓语动词用复数形式(不可数名词同样)。如： Fire and water do not agree． 注意如果and连接的两个词是指同一个人、同一事物或同一概念，则两个名词共用一个冠词，谓语动词必须用单数。

名词变复数形式的规则

可数名词变复数形式的规则 英语中的可数名词大多都有单数和复数两种形式，复数形式通常是在单数形式后加-s构成，主要方式是： 1.在名词后直接加-s，如： a book books a cat cats 2.以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词加es构成复数，如： a bus buses a box boxes a watch watches a dish dishes best wishes 3.以“辅音字母 + y”结尾的名词构成复数时，需将y改为i，然后加复数词尾-es，如： a city cities a country countries 4.以f或fe结尾的名词构成复数时，一般改f为v，然后加-es，如： a knife knives a leaf leaves a thief thieves 例外的词有： a roof roofs a proof proofs a chief chiefs a cliff cliffs a hoof hoofs a gulf gulfs 5.以元音字母o结尾的名词一般加-es词尾构成复数，如： a hero hero es a potato potato es a tomato tomato es 例外的词有： a photo photo s a piano piano s a radio radio s a zoo zoo s 以及bamboo s, video s , kilo s , studio s, cuckoo s等。 6.有些名词复数有不规则变化，如： a m a n men a wom a n women a tooth teeth a foot feet a child children a goose geese a mouse mice an ox oxen 7.有些名词单复数形式相同，如： a sheep sheep a deer deer a Chinese Chinese a swine swine a means means a people people 备注：fish和fruit虽有复数形式，却不表示数量，而表示种类。 名词复数形式还有一些其它情况，需在阅读和学习过程中不断丰富，逐步掌握。

单复数练习题

一、名词变复数的规则变化： 1、一般情况在后面加s，读音为清辅音后读/s/,浊辅音后读/z/，如：book--books,bed--beds 2、以s,es,ch,sh 结尾的在后面加es，读音为/iz/，如：box--boxes,watch--watches. 3、以ce,ze,se,(d)ge 结尾的在后面加s，读音为/iz/，如：orange--oranges,horse--horses. 4、以辅音字母加y结尾的，先把y变成i，再加es，读音为/z/，如family--families,baby--babies. 另外还有不规则地变化，如man--men,woman--women,child--children. 如果是动词变三单规则与名词变复数规则差不多，去掉第三条，第二条加上以o 结尾的加es,如go--goes,do--does 二、写出下列名词单复数的形式。 1. desk (复数) 2. chair (复数) 3. fan (复数) 4. light (复数) 5. book (复数) 6. balloon (复数) 7.classroom(复数) 8. bag (复数) 9. pencil (复数) 10.pen (复数) 11. ruler (复数) 12. rubber (复数) 13. board (复数) 14. door (复数) 15. window (复数) 16. child (复数) 17. mouth (复数) 18. nose (复数)

19. eye (复数) 20. ear (复数) 21. finger (复数) 22. apple (复数) 23. banana (复数) 24. pear (复数) 25. lychee (复数) 26. orange (复数) 27. student (复数) 28. class (复数) 29. grade (复数) 30.cat (复数) 31. bed (复数) 32. elephant (复数) 33. panda (复数) 34. lion (复数) 35. giraffe (复数) 36. monkey (复数) 37. frog (复数) 38. puppy (复数) 39.robot (复数) 40. doll (复数) 41. kite (复数) 42. bear (复数) 43. ball (复数) 44. toy box (复数) 45.fish (复数) 46. dog (复数) 47. turtle (复数) 48.rabbit (复数) 49. bird (复数) 50. storybook (复数) 51. clock (复数) 52. CD (复数) 53. watch (复数) 54. Discman(复数) 55. game (复数) 56. bone (复数) 57. hole (复数) 58. tree (复数) 59. flower (复数) 60. grass (复数)

英语人称代词及其用法

英语人称代词及其用法 1.his （物主代词） 2.her (物主代词） 3.Lucy's (所有格) 4.my (物主代词） 5.her parent （主语） 6.children my （复数、物主代词） 7.its （物主代词） 8.are （be 动词复数） 9.me （宾格） 10.Ann's our (所有格、物主代词) 人称代词： 一、人称代词的宾格有：me（我）、him（他）、her（她）、it（它）、us（我们）、you （你、你们）、them（他们、她们、它们）。 二、人称代词的宾格在句中作宾语，往往用在动词或介词后面。 例：1.Listen to me,Dad. 2.Peter is sitting behind me. 3.Let me got here now. 4.Give me an orange,please. 三、you既是"你"或"你们"的主格，又是它们的宾格；her既是"她"的所有格，又是它 的宾格。我们可以根据它们在句子中的位置来判断它们属于主格、所有格还是宾格。 四、and是一个我们常用来连接两个词的连接词。它虽然与介词with有同样的意思， 但它的前后可以是人称代词的主语，也可以是人称代词的宾格，而with只能跟人称代词的宾格。

如：Y ou and I are going to school. Y ou are going to school with me. 五、人称代词的主格和宾格 单数形式：I-me,you-you,he-him,she-her,it-it(共5对) 复数形式：we-us,you-you,they-them(共3对) 六、人称代词在句中的作用 1)主格作主语。如： I am Chinese.我是中国人。 2)宾格作宾语，放在及物动词或介词之后，有时还可以在口语中用作表语。如： ①I don't know her.我不认识她。(动词宾语) ②What's wrong with it?它怎么了？(介词宾语) ③-Open the door,please. It's me.请开门，是我。(表语) 七、人称代词并列用法的排列顺序 1)单数人称代词并列作主语时，其顺序为： 第二人称->第三人称->第一人称 即：you and I;he/she/itandI;you,he/she/it and I 2)复数人称代词作主语时，其顺序为： 第一人称->第二人称->第三人称 即：we and you;you and they;we，you and they 为帮助同学们理解和掌握英语人称代词，请记住下面的口诀： 人称代词分主/宾，只有八对要区分。 你(们)、它主/宾同一形，其余主/宾须分清。 谓语之前主格填，动/介之后宾格跟， 口语运用最灵活，表语也可用宾格。