2014年12月大学英语四级(选词填空)专项训练

2010年 12月英语四级考试真题

Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.

What determines the kind of person you are? What factors make you more or less bold, intelligent, or able to read a map? All of these are influenced by the interaction of your genes and the environment in which you were 47 . The study of how genes and environment interact to influence 48 activity is known as behavioral genetics. Behavioral genetics has made important 49 to the biological revolution, providing information about the extent to which biology influences mind, brain and behavior.

Any research that suggests that 50 to perform certain behaviors are based in biology is controversial. Who wants to be told that there are limitations to what you can 51 based on something that is beyond your control, such as your genes? It is easy to accept that genes control physical characteristics such as sex, race and eye color. But can genes also determine whether people will get divorced, how 52 they are, or what career they are likely to choose? A concern of psychological scientists is the 53 to which all of these characteristics are influenced by nature and nurture(养育), by genetic makeup and the environment. Increasingly, science 54 that genes lay the groundwork for many human traits. From this perspective, people are born 55 like undeveloped photographs: The image is already captured, but the way it 56 appears can vary based on the development process. However, the basic picture is there from the beginning.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

［A］ abilities ［I］ extent

［B］ achieve ［J］ indicates

［C］ appeal ［K］ proceeds

［D］ complaints ［L］ psychological

［E］ contributions ［M］ raised

［F］ displayed ［N］ smart

［G］ essentially ［O］ standard

［H］ eventually

答案Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth)

47. M) raised 48. L) psychological 49. E) contributions 50. A) abilities 51. B)achieve 52. N) smart 53. I) extent 54. J) indicates 55. G) essentially 56. H) eventually

2010年6月英语四级考试真题

Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes) Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. Y ou may not use

any of the words in the bank more than once.

Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.

When we think of green buildings, we tend to think of new ones – the kind of high-tech, solar-paneled masterpieces that make the covers of architecture magazines. But the U.S. has more than 100 million existing homes, and it would be __47__ wasteful to tear them all down and __48__ them with greener versions. An enormous amount of energy and resources went into the construction of those houses. And it would take an average of 65 years for the __49__ carbon emissions from a new energy-efficient home to make up for the resources lost by destroying an old one. So in the broadest __50__, the greenest home is the one that has already been built. But at the same time, nearly half of U. S. carbon emissions come from heating, cooling and __51__ our homes, offices and other buildings. "You can't deal with climate change without dealing with existing buildings," says Richard Moe, the president of the National Trust.

With some __52__, the oldest homes tend to be the least energy-efficient. Houses built before 1939 use about 50% more energy per square foot than those built after 2000, mainly due to the tiny cracks and gaps that __53__ over time and let in more outside air.

Fortunately, there are a __54__ number of relatively simple changes that can green older homes, from __55__ ones like Lincoln's Cottage to your own postwar home. And efficiency upgrades (升级) can save more than just the earth? they can help __56__ property owners from rising power costs.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

A) accommodations B) clumsy C) doubtful D) exceptions

E) expand F) historic G) incredibly H) powering

I) protect J) reduced K) replace L) sense

M) shifted N) supplying O) vast

答案Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth)

47. G incredibly 48. K replace 49. J reduced 50. L sense 51. H powering

52. D exceptions 53. E expand 54. O vast 55. F historic 56. I protect

2009年 12月大学英语四级考试真题及答案

Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.

In families with two working parents, fathers may have more impact on a child’ s language development than mothers, a new study suggests.

Researchers 47 92 families form 11 child care centers before their children were a year old, interviewing each to establish income, level of education and child care arrangements. Overall, it was a group of well-class families, with married parents both living in the home.

When the children were 2, researchers videotaped them at home in free-play sessions with both parents, 48 all of their speech. The study will appear in the November issue of The Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology.

The scientists measured the 49 number of utterance (话语) of the parents, the number of different words they used, the complexity of their sentences and other 50

of their speech. On average, fathers spoke less than mothers did, but they did not differ in the length of utterances or proportion of questions asked.

Finally, the researchers 51 the children’s speech at age 3, using a standardized language test. The only predictors of high scores on the test were the mother’s level of education, the 52 of child care and the number of different words the father used.

The researchers are 53 why the father’s speech, and not the mother’s, had an effect.

“It’s well 54 that the mother’s language does have an impact,” said Nadya Pancsofar, the lead author of the study. It could be that the high-functioning mothers in the study had 55 had a strong influence on their children’s speech development, Ms. Pancsofar said, “or it may be that mothers are 56 in a way we didn’t measure in the study.”

注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。

A) already B) analyzed C) aspects D) characters

E) contributing F) describing G) established H) quality

I) quoted J) recording K) recruited L) total

M) unconscious N) unsure O) yet

答案Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in depth)

47.【快速解题】动词辨义题。

K【火眼金睛】本句缺少谓语，根据句中 before引导的时间状语从句中的过 去时态，可以断定谓语动词应使用过去时。根据句意，备选动词中recruited符合 题意。此外备选词中analyzed是强干扰项，但其实并不合适，因为“研究者们分 析了 92 个家庭……，并且逐一询问了他们的收入、受教育状况、孩子的照顾情 ”其中“分析”与“逐一询问”在逻辑意义上不符。

况。

48.【快速解题】动词辨义题。

J【火眼金睛】空格处在 with 短语中，且应该作宾语 parents 的补足语。根 据句意可知此处应为“研究人员将他们与父母双方在家自由玩耍的情景录制下 来，并记录他们所有的谈话。 ”可以看出此处需填一个动名词，并含有“记录” 的意思，备选动词中recording 符合题意。

49.【快速解题】动词辨义题。

L【火眼金睛】空格位于 the 与 number 之间，可知此处需填入一个形容词

。

作定语。备选形容词中total 符合题意，意为“父母亲话语总的数量”

50.【快速解题】名词辨义题。

C【火眼金睛】空格位于 other 之后，可知此处需填入名词，备选名词只有 aspects 符合题意，意为“科学家们测量了父母亲话语总的数量，使用不同词汇

”

的数量，他们的语句的复杂程度以及他们语言的其他方面。

51.【快速解题】动词辨义题。

B【火眼金睛】空格在主语 the researchers 之后，可知此处应填入谓语动词 的过去时态。剩余的备选动词中 analyzed 符合题意，意为“最后，当孩子们三

” 岁时，研究者们对孩子进行了标准化的语言测试，并对他们的语言进行了分析。

52.【快速解题】名词辨义题。

H【火眼金睛】空格处前后分别为 the 与 of，可知此处需填入名词，根据上 下文可知该句意为“测试中，预测高分的指标包括母亲受教育的程度，养育孩子

”备选名词中quality 符合题意。

的质量，父亲使用不同词汇的数量。

53.【快速解题】形容词辨义题。

N【火眼金睛】空格位于be动词与why 从句之间，可知需填入形容词或过 去分词，以构成系表结构。动词中的剩余词汇，均不能使句意通顺。备选形容词 中 unsure 可使句意通顺，意为“令研究者们疑惑的是为什么父亲而非母亲的语 ”

言对孩子有影响。

54.【快速解题】动词辨义题。

G【火眼金睛】空格处在 is well和that 从句之间，此处需要填入过去分词。 备选动词中established 符合题意, 其中 it is well established that…，意为“大家公 。

认……”

55.【快速解题】副词辨义题。

A【火眼金睛】本句结构完整，空格处需填入一个副词。空格前后的 had并 不相同，前面的 had 是构成过去完成时态的助动词，后面的 had 是短语 have a strong influence on…，结合句意，备选副词中 already符合题意。

56.【快速解题】动词辨义题。

E【火眼金睛】纵观全句，空格处应填入现在分词，与 are 构成现在进行时

。备选动词 态。根据句意“最终对于整个学校的文化氛围都会产生有益的影响”

” 中contributing符合题意, 意为

“可能母亲起作用的方式在研究中我们没有测量。

2009年 6月英语四级考试真题与答案

Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.

Every year in the first week of my English class, some students inform me that writhing is too hard. They never write, unless assignments 47 it . They fine the writing process 48 and difficult.

How awful to be able to speak in a language but not to write in it- 49 English , with its rich vocabulary . Being able to speak but not write is like living in an 50 mansion(豪宅) and never leaving one small room . When I meet students who think they can’t write, I know as a teacher my 51 is to show them the rest of the rooms . My task is to build fluency while providing the opportunity inherent in any writing activity to 52 the moral and emotional development of my students . One great way to do this is by having students write in a journal in class every day.

Writing ability is like strength training. Writing needs to be done 53 , just like exercise ? just as muscles grow stronger with exercise , writing skills improve quickly with writing practice. I often see a rise in student confidence and 54 after only a few weeks of journal writing .

Expressing oneself in writing is one of the most important skills I teach to strengthen the whole student. When my students practice journal writing, they are practicing for their future academic, political, and 55 lives . They build skills so that some day they might write a great novel, a piece of sorely needed legislation, or the perfect love letter. Every day that they write in their journals puts them a step

56 to fluency , eloquence (雄辩), and command of language .

A) closer I) painful

语文选词填空题专项训练

语文选词填空题专项训练 应试技巧 技巧1：拿捏词义的轻重 近义词虽然表达的意思是相近的，但在表现事物的某种特征或程度上，往往有轻重之别。我们辨析时就要注意区别。 例如：“损坏”“毁坏”“破坏”其表现的程度就层层升级，依次加重。再如：“陌生”与“生疏”，两个词都有“不熟悉”的意思。但“陌生”表示对一个人或事物因初次接触而不熟悉；“生疏”则可表示对一个人或事物以前熟悉或曾经有过接触，因相隔时间长变得不熟悉了，或者因接触时间不长次数不多所以不熟悉。 技巧2：限定词义的范围 有些近义词虽指同一事物，但所指范围却有大有小，这种分别也是辨析近义词的一个标准。例如：“边疆”“边境”“边界”范围是越来越小。“边疆”指远离中心的地方，靠近国界的领土，范围大，同时这个概念比较抽象；“边境”指靠近国界的地方，范围较小，同时这个概念比较具体。“边界”仅指一条界限，范围最小。再如：“年纪”与“年龄”。“年纪”专指人的年龄，词义范围小，“年龄”指人或动物植物已生存的年数，词义范围大。如：（1）校园里的两棵银杏树，看上去它们的年龄足有千年。（2）你这把年纪还带头干活，我们这些年青人哪敢怠慢？这里的例（1）的“年龄”就不能换成“年纪”。 技巧3：揣摩词义侧重 有些近义词虽指意义相似，但由于词素构成不同往往所指的侧重点不同，使用就有所不同。 例如：“景色”与“景点”，“景色”侧重指景象、情景。“景点”侧重指景物的地点。再如：“诡辩”与“狡辩”都指无理强辩，但“诡辩”着重在“诡”，即欺诈、怪异，“诡辩”就是用欺诈的手段，奇怪的言辞，似是而非的论证来为自己的谬论辩护。“狡辩”着重在“狡”，即不老实，耍花招，“狡辩”是歪曲事实，狡猾的为自己的错误言行辩解。 技巧4：分清词性和语法功能 近义词一般词性相同，但也有词性不同或不完全相同的。 例如“诞生”与“诞辰”，前者为动词，后者为名词，词性不同，用法自然就不同了。也有因词性不同，句法功能也就不同，如“突然”(形容词，作状、谓、定语)，“猛然”(副词，作状语)。再如：“申明”与“声明”，“申明”动词，陈述说明，含有解释、分辩的意思，在句中一般作谓语；“声明”，动词兼名词，当众宣布、公开表明立场态度或说明情况，在句中作谓语，也可作宾语。如：2005年2月10日下午3时，朝鲜外务省突然发表——，鉴于美国丝毫没有改变对朝敌视政策，朝决定无限期中止参加六方会谈，并采取措施进一步扩充核武库。此句中需要一个名词性的词语，应该填“声明”。 技巧5：语感与第一印象 选词填空题还考察我们的日常词汇和语言积累，许多固定搭配或者约定俗成说法，凭借语感即可做出答案。考生在考场上一定要相信自己的积累，不要耗费两大量时间迂回于一道试题。此外，有些词语习惯搭配我们也需要注意，这些就是考察我们的词语积累了。 技巧6：找准对象 近义词在实际运用时，使用对象也有区别。主要是谈话人或陈述对象所处的地位不同而使用的词语不同。例如：“爱戴”与“爱护”都可一用于人，但“爱戴”只用于下对上，“爱护“用与同志之间或上对下，有时还用于物。如“爱护公物”。如“他是一个深受群众爱戴

选词填空答题方法(附四级常用后缀)

选词填空特点： 1. 近义词辨析不多， 2. 固定搭配不多 3. 词性辨析比较容易 选词填空难点： 1. 词性可能会变。 2. 错一题，可能会错两题。 选词填空与完型填空的异同： 相同点：都要上下文做题 不同点：选词填空要先判断词性，而完型填空不用判断词性，4个待选项词性基本一致。 解题步骤 1）阅读选项，词性分类 仍然要“先题后文在定位”，但这里“先题”不是要找关键词，而是要先对15个选项“辨性” 仔细阅读选项，根据词性把每个单词进行分类归纳。如名词、动词、形容词、副词、介词、连词各有几个选项。动词归类要细分为v，ved, ving。因为一个空可以填动词，但填原形还是过去式还是ing形式要自己根据语法判断。 2）细读首句，抓住中心 首先要抓住文章首句，迅速找到文章的主题词或主题。和完型填空一样，一般文章第一句不设空格，以便让读者知道本文的相关主题词或主题。 3）瞻前顾后，谨慎选择 根据文章前后的语法关系判断应填入的词性，大大缩小选择范围。当一个空可以填入好几个相同词性的词时，则根据上下文逻辑意义；如果均能说得通时，要注意近义辨析。或留到最

后，等范围缩小到最小时再轻松收尾。即传统阅读所说的，首遍不行无所谓，文章看完再收尾。 解题技巧 1）首先要辨性（辨别词性） a. 不认识的单词看词缀（见后面附表） b. 认识的单词要注意词性的单一性和多样性 比如：must，most均可做名词do the most you can c. 动词归类要细分为v，ved, ving。因为一个空可以填动词，但填原形还是过去式还是ing 形式要自己根据语法判断。甚至动词分词形式还可以做定语。 2）一个单词有多个词性时，要在不同分类中都标出。 3）如果选项中出现一组近义词或反义词时，往往有一个是干扰选项，它注重考察的是词汇的精确理解，要求考生分析清楚其细微的区别。 4）如何判断原文空缺处所需单词的词性： ①动词： a）前后都是名词短语，中间一般为动词（时态看前后文）。 b) 一个句子有且只有一个谓语动词 c）一个完整的句子之后再跟逗号，后面一般是非谓语动词短语。 ②名词： a. 名词主要做主语、宾语。

大学英语四级 选词填空单项训练+答案

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are requested to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.

Once the world embraced the automobile, the days of depending on horses, bicycles, ferries, and trains quickly slipped into the past. People were __47__ with the speed of the automobile but they were also enjoying the personal freedom that the automobile gave them. Owning a car gave people the freedom to go anyplace a road __48__. This allowed people to and at their own __49__. This independence gave the car a popular edge over buses and trains. The popularity of the automobile made it the __50__ of the transportation system. The automobile changed our lives when it created a giant industry that offered more and more jobs. The automobile made it possible for people to live in areas __51__ from their work place. This caused cities to grow and made suburban living more convenient. Of course, with more places to go, more __52__ roads had to be built. The automobile caused a __53__ effect. Jobs increased, industries grew, new industries developed, and cities appeared. Today the automobile industry continues to offer many __54__. Jobs are plentiful in this industry and improvements continue to be made to the automobile with new technologies. We have come a long way from that first __55__ carriage because of the cooperative efforts of many people in the last century. It will be interesting to see what the future holds for the automobile. We have already seen signs of the use of solar energy in this area. As long as man has a brain, the future of the automobile is __56__. A) backbone F) enjoyed K) definite B) infinite G) horseless L) developed C) further H) developing M) farther D) background I) opportunities N) impressed E) led J) snowball O) pace （2） A college education is an investment in the future. But it can be a 47 one. The College Board 48 that the costs at a four-year public college in the United States increased 10% this past school year. That was less than the 13% increase the year before, but still much higher than the inflation 49 Public colleges and universities still cost a lot less than private ones. Financial aid often helps. But financial experts 50 parents to start college savings plans when their child is Still very young. All fifty states and the District of Columbia 51 what are called 5-29 plans. These plans are named after the part of the federal tax law that created them in 1996. States use private investment companies to operate the 52 of the programs. Every state has its own rules 53 5-29 plans. Some of the plans are 54 of state taxes. And all are not required to pay federal taxes. However, the government could start to tax withdrawals in 2011 if Congress does not change the law. 5-29 plans include investment accounts that increase or decrease in value with the investments they contain. Families must decide how 55 they want to put money into stocks, or other investments. Another kind of 5-29 plan lets parents begin to pay for their child’s education in 56 and long before their child starts college. This kind of savings program is called a prepaid tuition plan. The money goes into an account A) aggressively F) consumes K) free B) estimates G) costly L) majority C) offer H) decline M) advance D) automatically I) advise N) governing E) rate J) capable O) general

六年级“选词填空”专项练习(附答案)

、根据语境，在括号里填上适当的词语 倾诉倾吐 1.他把这些烦心事一直埋在心底，不愿意向任何人( )。 2.这两个许久不见的好朋友正在( )对对方的思念。 静谧宁静 3这一声凄凉的狗叫身，打破了夜晚的( )。 4.我又躺在田野里，在无限的( )中，忘了世界。 二、把下列词语补充完整，抖根据语境填上合适的词语。 百折( )( ) 立( )顶( ) ( )不安( ) 蹒跚( )( ) 可( )一( ) ( )落石( ) 悬崖( )( ) 攀( )越( ) ( )来入( ) 1.完成这项工作，需要我们有( )的毅力。 2.因为自己的错误导致班级荣誉受损，她整天( )。 三、先连线，再选词填空 心惊自受 流连肉跳 十指忘返 自作连心 1.惊险的极限挑战活动令人( )，勇敢的挑战者却是镇定自若。 2.即使孩子不小心磕破了皮，母亲都会很心痛，毕竟( )。

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