双语：山东简介
山东简介
山东位于中国东部沿海，黄河下游，境域包括半岛和内陆两部分，半岛突出于渤海、黄海之中。
Shandong, sitting on the lower reaches of the Yellow River, is a coastal province in eastern China. The province consists of two parts: an inland segment, and a peninsula sandwiched between the Bohai Sea and the Yellow Sea.
山东陆地总面积15.71万平方公里，近海海域面积17万平方公里。总人口10005.83万，辖17个市137个县（市、区），省会济南。
Shandong covers a land area of 157,100 square kilometers and an adjacent sea area of 170,000 square kilometers. The province has a population of just over 100 million. It has jurisdiction over 17 prefecture-level cities and 137 counties, county-level cities or districts. The provincial capital is Jinan.
山东具备优良的自然资源禀赋。山东多种矿产储量居全国前列，全省原油产量占全国近1/3，煤炭产量占全国6%，黄金产量约占全国产量的四分之一。山东海洋资源得天独厚，拥有3345公里的黄金海岸线，占全国的1/6。
Shandong is blessed with high-grade natural resources. Some of its mineral reserves are among the largest in China. The province contributes nearly one-third of China’s crude oil production, 6 percent of its coal supply and a quarter of its gold mining output. Shandong is also endowed with unique marine resources, with a 3,345-kilometer golden coast that makes up one-sixth of China’s total shoreline.
国民经济赖以发展的15种支柱性矿产山东均有查明资源储量，山东列全国第1位的矿产资源有金、铪、自然硫、石膏等11种；列全国第2位的有菱镁矿、金刚石等10种；列第3位的有石油、钴、锆等10种。
Shandong has proven reserves of all the 15 minerals essential to the economy. Its reserves of 11 minerals, including gold, hafnium, native sulfur and gypsum, rank first in China. Those ranking second in the country are magnesite, diamond and eight other minerals. Its known deposits of petroleum, cobalt, zirconium and seven other mineral resources are the third largest nationwide.
山东经济发展水平走在全国前列。2017年实现国内生产总值72678.18亿元，
同比增长7.4%，居全国第三位。当前，山东省正以供给侧结构性改革为主线，全力实施新旧动能转换重大工程，坚持质量第一、效益优先，推动质量变革、效率变革、动力变革，建设现代化经济体系。
Shandong i s one of China’s economic powerhouses. In 2017, its gross domestic product grew by 7.4 percent to nearly 7.27 trillion RMB yuan, ranking third in the country.
The province is pressing ahead with the supply-side structural reform. It is committed to achieving better quality, higher efficiency and more robust drivers of growth through reform, as part of its efforts to develop a modernized economy.
全省规模以上工业企业40600家，年主营业务收入15万亿元，实现利润8643.1亿元。48家企业入围中国企业500强。山东食品、造纸、黄金、轮胎等行业销售收入居全国第1位；机械、轻工、建材居第2位；汽车、冶金居第3位。服务业成为吸引投资、吸纳就业、创造税收的主体，金融保险、现代物流、商务服务、文化旅游等行业成为推动全省服务业发展的重要支撑。
Shandong hosts 40,600 industrial enterprises whose annual revenue from principal business exceeds 20 million RMB yuan. Their aggregate annual revenues from principal business amount to 15 trillion RMB yuan, yielding
a profit of 864.31 billion RMB yuan.
Am ong China’s top 500 companies, 48 are incorporated in Shandong. Its food, paper-making, gold-mining and tire manufacturing industries are China’s largest in terms of sales revenue. Its light, machine, and building materials industries rank second in China, and its automobile and metallurgical industries come third.
Finance, insurance, modern logistics, business services and cultural tourism are pillars of Shandong’s services sector, which attracts substantial investment and contributes significantly to job creation and tax revenues in the province.
齐鲁文化源远流长，历久弥新。春秋战国时期著名的齐、鲁两国是当时山东境内最大的诸侯国，由于齐、鲁两国发达的经济、政治、文化在中国历史上的重大影响，所以山东又称“齐鲁之邦”。山东是中华民族古老文明发祥地之一，山东的文化历史，早在孔夫子出生之前，就已经璀璨万分。这里有中国最早的文字和最早的讲坛，有中国最早的城邦和最古老的长城，这里还是陶瓷和丝绸的发源地，有世界级文化遗产4处（泰山、三孔、齐长城、大运河山东段）。这里诞生了孔子、孟子、孙子、墨子等古代思想家，形成了特色鲜明的齐鲁文化。以孔子思想
为代表的儒家文化是中国传统文化的重要组成部分，至今仍对世界产生着重要影响。如今的山东省融合了齐鲁文明的精华，兼收并蓄，衍生出更加灿烂多彩的齐鲁文化。
Shandong has a time-honored culture that is both adaptive and resilient. The province is known to most Chinese as “the land of Qi and Lu”. During the Spring and Autumn period (771-475 BC) and the Warring States period (475-221 BC), Shandong was home to two major ancient states: Qi and Lu. Their economic, political and cultural advancements have had a lasting impact in Chinese history.
As one of the cradles of Chinese civilization, Shandong created an illustrious history and magnificent culture well before the birth of Confucius (551-479 BC), the most famous native of Shandong.
It is in Shandong that earliest Chinese characters were created in the form of pictographs. The province is also a birthplace of Chinese pottery and silk. It is home to China’s first academy for philosophical debate, its most ancient city-state, the oldest stretch of its Great Wall as well as four UNESCO World Heritage sites, namely Mount Tai, the Temple and Cemetery of Confucius and the Kong Family Mansion in Qufu, the Great Wall of Qi, and the Shandong section of the Grand Canal.
Many eminent Chinese philosophers, including Confucius, Sun Tzu (544-496 BC), Mo Tzu (c. 468-391 BC) and Mencius (c. 372-289 BC), were born in Shandong, all playing a great role in shaping the distinct Qi-Lu culture. The school of thought named after Confucius, the staple of China’s intellectual tradition, has significant global influence even to this day.
As the breeding ground of Qi-Lu civilization, Shandong has also drawn on the best of other cultures and civilizations and evolved a vibrant culture of its own.
山东具有完备的基础设施。山东拥有立体化的交通网络，航空、海运、铁路、公路均运力卓越。山东境内多个城市建有机场，其中济南、青岛、烟台、威海四市机场为国际空港，已开通法兰克福、洛杉矶、东京、曼谷、新加坡等众多国际航线。山东海运通达，拥有青岛、日照、烟台、威海等多个港口，其中青岛港为综合大港，是东北亚的航运中心，外贸货物吞吐量和集装箱吞吐量均居北方港口首位。山东也是重要的铁路交通枢纽，济南、青岛等火车站是全国铁路运输的重要中转站，连接京沪高铁、京九铁路、胶济铁路、青烟威荣城际铁路等多条铁路主干道，可达全国大部分大中城市。山东高速公路总里程超过5000公里，居全国前列，17个城市之间都以高速公路相连，形成了四通八达的省内交通网。
Shandong has a sophisticated infrastructure network. The province has an unparalleled capacity of integrated air, sea, rail and road transportation.
A number of its cities have their own airports. Jinan, Qingdao, Yantai and Weihai have air service links to Frankfurt, Los Angeles, T okyo, Bangkok, Singapore and other international destinations.
Thanks to their seaports, the cities of Qingdao, Rizhao, Yantai and Weihai are easily accessible from the sea. The Qingdao port is a mega multi-purpose harbor and the largest in northern China in terms of international trade and container throughput. It is a recognized shipping center in northeast Asia.
Shandong is also a major hub of railway transportation. Jinan and Qingdao, among others, are key interchange stations for national railway traffic and are connected to large and medium-sized Chinese cities via the Beijing-Shanghai High-Speed Railway, Beijing-Kowloon Railway, Jinan-Qingdao Railway, and the intercity rails connecting Qingdao, Yantai, Weihai and Rongcheng.
The mileage of Shandong’s expressway network exceeds 5,000 kilometers, one of the longest in China. All the 17 prefecture-level cities in Shandong are linked by expressways, which form an efficient intra-province land transportation network.
山东具有多样而独特的自然和人文旅游资源。美丽的自然景观、丰富的历史文化和鲜明的地方特色融为一体，形成了独特的旅游风格——好客山东。最具特色和代表性的是东方圣地（济宁）、仙境海岸（沿海各市）、平安泰山（泰安）、泉城济南（济南）、齐国故都（淄博）、鲁风运河（济宁、聊城、枣庄）、水浒故里（聊城）、黄河入海（东营及黄河沿线）、亲情沂蒙（临沂）、风筝之都（潍坊）十大文化旅游目的地。
Shandong enjoys a diverse and unique blend of natural and cultural tourism resources. Its charming scenery, storied history and distinct local features are complemented by its greatest asset: a hospitable people.
Shandong’s top ten destinations for cultural tourism are as follows:
?Jining -- Sacred Land of Confucianism
?Seaside resorts -- Fairyland Coast
?Tai’an -- Mount Tai
?Jinan -- City of Springs
?Zibo -- Capital of the Ancient Qi State
?Jining, Liaocheng & Zaozhuang -- Shandong Section of the Grand Canal
?Liaocheng -- Bastion of the “Water Margin”Heroes
?Dongying and other riparian cities -- Yellow River Estuary
?Linyi -- Yimeng Mountains
?Weifang -- Capital of Kites
山东深度融入“一带一路”建设，实现了对外经贸合作、国际产能合作、海洋经济合作、快联快通和人文交流的新突破。与国外建立友好城市和友好合作城市437对，遍布世界五大洲73个国家，其中友好省州（道、县、大区）和友好合作省州66对。2017年，对外贸易较快增长，实现进出口总额17823.9亿元，增长15.2%；实际利用外资1210.5亿美元；实际对外投资377.5亿美元。
Shandong is an active participant in the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). The BRI implementation has contributed to a surge in Shandong’s foreign trade, cooperation on manufacturing capacity and the marine economy, infrastructure connectivity projects, and to stronger people-to-people ties with other parts of the world.
Shandong has established sister-city relations or other forms of cooperation with 437 cities in 73 countries on five continents, including 66 pairs at the provincial level.
In 2017, Shandong’s imports and exports grew by 15.2 percent to 1782.39 billion US dollars. The paid-in inbound foreign direct investment (FDI) in Shandong amounted to 121.05 billion US dollars and its outbound FDI reached 37.75 billion US dollars.