2013高考英语阅读理解题的解题思路

高考英语阅读理解题的解题思路

一、解的十个特征：

1. 体现中心思想（包括段落中心）的是解

2. 照抄原文的不是解，同义替换的是解

3.含义不肯定的是解，如：can could may usually might most more or less relatively be likely to

含义绝对的不是解：must always never the most all any none entirely

含义相反的是解

4. 具体的不是解，概括性的、抽象的是解

5. 带有some的是解：someone somebody sometime something certain

6.简单的不是解，复杂的是解，字面意思不是解，含义深刻的是解

7. 带虚词的解：another other more either both also beside additional extra different same

particular nearly not enough

8. “变化”是解：change delay improve postpone increase

9. “重要的、基础的”是解：important necessity essential basis be based on

10. 二选一：反义项有解；形似项有解；近义项有解

阅读题的四种题型及其命题思路

1. 主旨题－中心思想：①Main idea －what is the main idea / point of this passage?

②Main topic －what is the main topic / subject / title?

③Purpose －what is the author’s main purpose in the passage?

对策：答案多在文章的首句或末句；解：多为概括性的选项

2. 细节性问题

①According－考查对文章内容的掌握，如：时间、地点、事件等细节问题。

对策：利用题目中的关键词找文章中的对应词，在对应词的周围寻找答案。

②Number－考查对文章中数字的掌握，

1）运算型：通过简单的四则运算求解。对策：原始数据不是解。

2）多选一型：文中出现多个时间或数字，对应不同的事物，考其中的一个。对策：对号入座。

3）范围型，

4）世纪型：①题型－即三缺一型，要求选出一个不符合文章内容的选项。②Which题型对策：这两种主要考并列句、列举句

3. 推断型问题：命题包括以下动词：infer, imply, suggest, conclude, assume.

对策：①根据文中的关键词、短语、结构进行推断；

②通过阅读某段或几段内容

③注意：要根据文中内容进行推断，不能凭空猜测。

4. 词汇型问题

①考查熟词偏义或在特定场合具体的词义。对策：常见含义不是解

②生词的含义推断。对策：根据上下文判断其合理的词义才是唯一的出路。

①文章的中心、段落的中心②指代关系make gains make a profit

③因果关系：⑴正因果关系；文中A导致B，问题：有了B这一结果，为什么，答案是A

⑵反因果关系；文中A具有X特性，B与A不同，问，B有何特点，答案是非X特性。

或A B，考非A 非B

一、文章的十大考点

1、列举处常考—细节题，特别是Which型和Except型；

2、转折处和对比处常考；However, but, yet, in fact, although, 转折：unlike, until, however, but等。

3、例子常考—推断题和细节题；as, such as, for example, for instance, i.e. etc.

4、数字和年代常考；文中的数字、年代和日期常常是命题的重点。

5、最高级和绝对性词汇常考——答案具有唯一性；must, all, only, anyone, always, never,或most, first.

6、 专有名词常考；人名、地名等专有名词

7、 细节处常考—— 细节题：同位语，插入语，定语，长句的后半句，从句，副词，介词，不定式。

8、 因果句常考——推断题：因果连词：because, since, for, as, therefore, so, consequently etc 因果动词：cause, result in ，originate from, etc 因果名词：base, basis, result, consequence. etc

9、 段落中心句常考——主题题和细节题；段首句和文尾句往往是作者表达中心思想和进行总结综述之处， 10、 特殊标点常考——细节题：破折号、括号、冒号表示解释，引号表示引用

are screened off. As soon as men leave the atmosphere they are exposed to this radiation but their spacesuits or the walls 1、According to the passage, without atmosphere

A) spaceships can never be shot into space

B) sunl ight can’t reach the earth （ ）

C) plants can produce varied food

D) our environment would be intolerable （ ）

2、When men spend long period in space they will protect themselves by

A) taking special drugs B) wearing special suits （ ）

C) using a protective blanket D) no solution has been found yet

3、to men in space is

A) meteors B) weightlessness C) radiation D) magnetic force

4、Which of the following statement is true according to the passage?

A) the grandchildren of astronauts are deformed

B) the children of astronauts have damaged sex organs

C) radiation damage may show only in later generations （ ）

D) radiation does not seem to be very harmful

5、Radiation is dangerous to men,

A) but we don’t know exactly

B) but only in space （ ）

C) so we should build up our health

D) and we can do nothing about it at the present time

If consumers of the media could be taught at an early age to examine messages critically, i.e. to think carefully about would be able to take advantage of the information and enjoy the entertainment to critical thinking is recognizing the purposes of the news or scriptwriters, the of an issue being presented? Is the amount of violence and killing shown necessary to the point of a story? Have enough facts about a product being advertised been presented? 1. The main point the writer tries to make in this text is that

A. Advertising is harmful when it presents incorrect information.

B. The positive effects of the mass media outweigh the negative ones.（ ）

C. People should learn to take advantage of the media’s benefits.

D. TV is more useful as a means of entertainment than as a means of providing information.

2. What should consumers of the mass media be taught at an early age ?

A. To bring their imagination into full play when watching programs of low quality.

B. To buy products advertised so that the demand increases.

C. To turn off the TV set when hurt by bad programs.

D. To think carefully about the messages brought to them.（ ）

3. We can learn from paragraph 3 that citizens will be in a better position to express their views and make their choices if they are

A. Highly educated through TV and radio.

B. Well protected by the government

C. Highly paid by the employers

D. Well informed by the media （ ）

4. The underlined phrase “in －depth” in paragraph 3 could be best replaced by

A. Thoroughly （句义，词形）

B. Partly

C. Relatively

D. Simply

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（英语）高三英语阅读理解专项训练及答案 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 The setting was a packed gymnasium just before the start of a game against another school. There were five girls who were members of the Danville High School basketball team—all of them starters. They were not in uniform to play that night and would not be on the team for the rest of this season. They were there to admit their breaking of team rules. They were there to support their coach's decision to take them off the team. They were there to let the town know there was a problem in their little community that needed to be addressed. And they did it with sincere regret rather than defensiveness. While the school had been out for the New Year's holiday, the five girls had gone to the party with several of their friends. There was alcohol there. And they all drank some. Coach Rainville has a zero tolerance rule on drugs and alcohol for her members though it was a hard decision to make. When classes resumed and accounts of holiday parties were shared, rumors about the five girls began closing in on them. The coach said she couldn't back down on her rules. And the players—two junior students and three senior students—agreed. That night in the gym was part of their public support of the coach's decision. “We hope you will understand that we are not bad kids. What we did was definitely not worth it. We hope this event will make everyone realize that there is a big drug and alcohol problem in our community,” one of the senior students said, “And if you work with us to try to solve this problem, you will help us feel that we have not been thrown off our basketball team for nothing.” The five left the floor to deafening applause. The team may not win another game this year. But they've learnt something about personal responsibility, the effect of one's action on others, and honesty that will serve them well throughout life. （1）It can be inferred from the passage that the five girls who were kicked off the team were ________. A. very good players on the team B. addicted to alcohol and drugs C. three junior students and two senior students D. scolded by their parents for drinking alcohol （2）What did the girls do to support their coach's decision? A. They didn't fight for Danville High School any more. B. They all gave speeches to apologize in the local press. C. They admitted their mistake in public in the gymnasium. D. They would never drink any alcohol throughout their life. （3）Which word best describes the coach Rainville? A. Indifferent. B. Strict. C. Stubborn. D. Cruel. （4）Which would be the best title for the passage? A. Growing up with pain B. A bad mistake C. Team rules are everything D. Basketball girls in high school 【答案】（1）A

考吧网2013年高考英语阅读理解练习及答案(3)

Fear and its companion pain are two of the most useful things that man and animals possess if they are used. If fire didn’t hurt when it burned, children would play with it until their hands were burned away. Similarly, if pain existed but fear didn’t, a child could burn itself again and again because fear would not warn it to keep away from the fire that had burnt it before. A really fearless soldier—and some do exist—is not a good soldier because he is soon killed; and a dead soldier is of no use to his army. Fear and pain are therefore two guards without which man and animals might soon die out. In our first sentence we suggested that fear ought to be properly used. If, for example, you never go out of your house because of the danger of being knocked down and killed in the street by a car, you are letting fear rule you too much. The important thing is not to let fear rule you, but instead, to use fear as your servant and guide. Fear will warn you of dangers; then you have to decide what action to take. In many cases, you can take quick and successful action to avoid the danger. For example, you see a car coming straight towards you; fear warns you, you jump out of the way, and all is well. In some cases, however, you decide that there is nothing that you can do to avoid the danger. For example, you cannot prevent an airplane crashing into your house, and you may not want to go and live in a desert where there are no airplanes. In this case, fear has given you its warning, you have examined it and decided on your course of action, so fear of the particular danger is no longer of any use to you, and you have to try to overcome it. 1. Children would play with fire until their hands are burnt away if _________. A. they were not well educated at school B. they had never played with fire before C. they had no sense of pain D. they were fearful of pain 2. People sometimes succeed in timely avoiding danger because _________.

高三英语阅读理解(带详解)

I watched from a distance as the homeless man quarreled with those who did not leave money for him – the majority. I walked up to him and right on queue he asked me for a quarter. ―I’ll give you a quarter if you tell me your story.‖ He laughed, ―You’ll give me a quarter for my story?‖ I lay the quarter in front of him and corrected myself –―Nah, here’s the quarter but it would be nice to hear your story.‖ I followed his eyes to the quarter and for a brief moment I saw a glimmer of reflection. I sat down next to him and waited. ―I was in the army,‖ he said. ―I was a sniper(狙击手)and was supposed to shoot down the enemy from the distance.‖ I listened carefully to his grizzly voice as he went deeper into the story. He wore dirty old torn clothes and smelled like a dead rat left in a mouse trap. He told me how he used to hunt with his family and was really good at it. He had his own way of respecting animals by not wasting what he killed for food and not killing more than he needed. When the army came knocking on his door, he felt pride and joined up. All those years of polishing his hunting skills could now serve a larger purpose—to defend us from the bad guys. He set out to fight in Iraq. It wasn’t long before he realized his ideals and expectations were just a shadow of the truth. He became disillusioned with the killings, which he felt were of innocent people. ―I was a sniper but I never really killed anyone,‖ he said. ―One day I had to do it. They asked me to shoot this lady from the distance. I saw kids near that lady and my hands were on the trigger (扳机). Man, I was tearing up ... I couldn’t do it. She wasn’t doing anything to anyone and she was with the kids—I couldn’t see through my tears. It just didn’t make any sense to me.‖ The story goes on as he describes eventually being put into prison for 180 days for refusing to follow orders. He told me how he was black listed so that he couldn’t get a job. All the rights we take for granted were taken away from him. Why? Here was a man who was being punished—and for what? For refusing to kill the lady? For being a hero? ―I have no regrets,‖ the homeless man said. ―I may be homeless now, but I never killed that lady. I never killed anyone in the army. It didn’t feel right. I didn’t go there to do that. I went there to save people.‖ He continued, ―I can live with being homeless—that’s okay. But I wouldn’t be able to live with killing innocent people.‖ On that lonely Friday night, I met a hero. It just never occurred to me that a hero could be a smelly old man left on streets. 1. It can be learned from the passage that the homeless man_______. （） A. never killed animals B. had a strong respect for life C. deserved the punishment he received D. felt guilty about disobeying the order