英语常见词根—400个
Root: The form of a word that remains after removal of all affixes;
a morpheme(词素) with lexical meaning that is not further subdivisible(可以再分的) into other morphemes with lexical (词汇的)meaning;
the essential, fundamental, or primary part of a word.
英语词根:词的核心部分,词的意义主
要是由它体现出来的。它可以单独构成
词,也可以彼此组合成词。(词根和词缀叫构词语素)
下面举出一些主要词根例词:
ag=do,act做,动agent 代理人
agri,agro=agriculture田地,
农田agriculture农业,农艺
ann,enn=year年annual 每年的,年度的
astro,aster=star星
astronomy天文学
audi,audit=hear听
audible听得见的
bell=war战争
rebellion反叛,反抗
bio,bi=life生命,生物
biology生物学
brev=short短
abbreviate缩短,节略
ced,ceed=go行走
precedent先行的,在前
cept=take拿,取
exception例外,除外
circ=ring环,圆circle 圆,圈,环状...
acid, acr = sour, sharp act = to act
agogue = leader al, ol, ul = to nourish
alt = high alter,
ali = other
am = to love ang
= to strangle
angl, angul = angle anim = breath, mind
ann = year anthrop = man
apt = fit aqua = water
arm = weapons art
= skill, art
aud = to hear aug
= to increase, to make,to grow
avi = bird astro = star, star-shaped
band, bond = to bind bar = bar
bat = to beat bat ,
bas = to go
bell = war bio
= life
brev = short cad,
cid, cas = to fall
calc = lime camp = field
cand = white , bright cant, chant, cent = to sing
cap = head cap = to take
car = car , to run carn = flesh
cast = throw cav = hollow
cede, ceed , cess = to go, to yield ceive, cept, cip, cipate = to take
celer = swift cent = hundred
centr = center cern, cret = to separate
cert = sure chron = time
cide , cise = to cut circ , cyc = ring
cite = to call , to urge claim , clam = to cry
clin = to bend clud = to shut
coct = to cook cognis, gnos = to know
commun = common cord = heart
corp = body cosm , cosmo = universe
count = to count cover = to cover
cre, cresc = to make, to grow cred = to believe
crim = accusation, crime crit = to judge
cruc = cross culp = blame, guilt
cult = to till cumb = to lie down
cur, course = to run cure = to take care
cuss = to strike , to shake deb,
du = to owe
dei = god dem
= people
dent = tooth derm, derma, dermat = skin
dic = to proclaim dict,
dit = to say
dign = worthy divid, divis = to divide
doc = to teach dom = house
dom = to tame, to rule don, dot, dow = to give
dorm = to sleep dox, dogma = opinion
draw = to draw, to pull drom = to run , course(process)
duce, duct = to lead dur = to last
dyn, dynam = power
eco = house ego
= I , self
electr = electric
em, empt = to take, to buy equ = equal
err = to wander, to err ess, est = to be
fa, fabl, fabul = to speak fac, front = face, forehead
fac, fect = to make , to do fall, fals = to deceive
fam = to speak fare = to go
fend , fest = to strike
fer = to carry, to bear, to tolerate
ferv = to boil fess = to speak
fest = festival fict, fig = to feign
fid = to trust figure = to shape , figure(n.), form(n.)
fil = thread , to spin fin = to end
firm = firm fix = to fasten
flam, flagr = flame, to burn flat = to blow
flect, flex = to bend flict = to strike
flor = flower flu = to flow
foli = leaf form = to form, form ,shape
fort = strong
found , fund = base
fract, frag = to break fug = to flee
fuse, found = to pour gam = marriage
gener, gen, gent = to produce, race(n.) ger, gest = to carry
grad, gress = to walk gram , graph = to write
grand = grand grat = to please
grav = heavy gregat = to collect
hab, hibit = to have hap= luck
helio = sun her = heir
herb = grass here, hes = to stick
horr = to tremble
hum , hom = man
hum = ground hydr = water
hypno = sleep idio = personal, distinct
insul = island it = to go
ject , jac = to throw join, junct = to join
journ = day jud = to judge
jur = to swear just, juris = law, right , justice
labor = to work laps = to slip, to glide
late = to bring , to bear later = side
lav , lau = to wash lax , lyse = to loosen
lect, leg = to choose , to gather, to read
leg = to appoint , to send
leg = law lev = to raise, light (adj.)
liber = free libr, lib = book
lic = to be permitted lig = to bind
lingu = tongue, language liqu = fluid
liter = letter loc = place
log , loqu, locut = to speak long = long
lud = to play lumin = light
lust, luc = bright
magn, maj , max = great manu, man = hand
mand, mend = to order , to entrust mari = sea
mark = to mark , boundary matr= mother
mechan = machine med = to heal
medi = middle melan = black
memor = to remember ment = to think , mind(n.)
mere = to trade , reward(n.) merge, mers = to sink, to dip
meter = to measure migr = to remove , to wander
milit = soldier, to fight min = to jut , to project
min = small mir = to wonder, to behold
miss, mit = to send, to throw
mix = to mix
mod = manner mon = to advise , to remind
monstr = to show mor = custom
morph = form mort = death
mount = mountain, to ascend mov, mob, mot = to move
muni = service mur = wall
mut = to change myst = mystery
nat = born nau, nav = ship
necro = death, dead nect , nex = to bind
neg = to deny neur , neuro , nerv = nerve
neutr = neither nihil = nothing
noc , nox = to harm noct , nox = night
nomin, nom = name norm = rule, norm
not = to mark nounce, nunci = to report
nov = new nul, null = nothing
number, numer = number, to count nutri = to nourish
ocul = eye onym = name
oper = to work , work opt = to wish
opt, opto = eye, sight ora = to speak ,to pray
order, ordin = order ori = to rise , to begin
orn = to decorate, to furnish ortho = straight , right
oss, osteo = bone pact = to agree, to fasten
pan = bread par = to prepare
par = equal par = to appear
par = to bear , to give birth to part = a part , to part
pass = to pass passi , pati, path = to suffer, feelings
part = father ped = foot
ped = child pel , puls = to drive
pen ,pun = to punish pend, pens = to hang , to weigh
peri = to go through pet = to fly , to seek
petr, petro = stone, rock phan ,fan = appearance
phon = sound ; phe = to speak photo = light (n.)
pict = to paint , picture plac , pleas = to please
plain , plaint = to beat the breast plant = to plant , plant (n.)
plaud, plode = to strike, to clap plen, plete, ple , pli, ply = to fill, full ( adj. )
plore = to flow out ply, pli, ple = to fold
polis = city polit, poli = state, country
pon , pound = to put popul, publ = people
port = to carry port = gate
pos = to place , to put
potent = powerful
prec = to pray preci = price
preda = prey(n.), to plunder press = to press
prim, prin, prem = first pris, prehend = to seize
priv = private (adj.) to deprive proach , proxim = near
prob, prov = to test , to try, to examine proper , propri = proper, one’s own
psych, psycho = soul pugn = to fight
punct = to prick pur = pure
purg = to purify pute = to think
quer = to complain qui, quiet = calm , rest(n.)
quire, quisit , quest = to seek
quit = to free , to release
rad, ras = to scrape radi = root
radi = ray rap, rav = to snatch
rat , ratio = to reckon , reason (n.) rect = right , straight
reg = to rule , king (n.) rept = to creep
rid , ris = to laugh rod, ros = to gnaw
rog = to ask rot = wheel (n.) , to turn
rud = raw rupt = to break
rur, rus = country sacr , sanct , secr = sacred
sal = salt sal, sult = to leap
sal , san = whole sangui = blood
sat = full scan , scend , scal = to climb
sci = to know scribe , script = to write
sect = to cut sed, sess, sid = to sit
semin = seed sen = old
sens ,sent = to feel sequ, secut, su = to follow
sert = to join, to put serv = to serve, to keep
sign = to mark simil, sembl = like(prep.), same
sinu = curve ,sinus sist , stitut, sta, st = to stand
soci = companion, to associate sol = alone
sol = sun solv, solute = to loosen
somn = sleep son =sound
soph = wise ,wisdom sort = kind
spec, spect = to see, to look sper = hope
spers = to scatter spher = ball
spir = to breathe splend = to shine
spond , spons = to promise stell = star
still = drop stinct, sting = to prick
string , strict , strain, stress = to draw tight stru, struct = to build
suade = to advise sume,sumpt = to take
背诵时间:每天10组,26天完成 第一部分核心词根 1、ag ag = do , act 做,动 agent [ag做,办理,ent名词后缀,表示人;做事者,?办理人?] 代理人 agency [ag 做,作 ency 名词后缀] 代理,代理处,机构,作用2、agri agri = field 田地,农田 (agri 也作 agro, agr) agriculture [agri 田地,农田,cult 耕作–ure 名词后缀] 农业,农艺 agronomy [agro农田→农业,nomy …..学] 农学 agrestic [agr 田地→乡村→乡野] 乡间的,乡野的,粗野的 3、ann ann = year 年(ann也作enn) annual [ann 年,-ual 形容词后缀,……的] 每年的,年度的perennial [per-通,全,enn年,-ial形容词后缀,…的] 全年的4、audi audi=hear 听(audi也作audit) audience [audi听,-ence名词后缀] 听众,倾听 auditorium [audi听,-orium 名词后缀,表示场所,地点;?听讲的场所?] 礼堂,讲堂,听众席 5、bell
bell=war战争 rebel [re-相反,bel(l)战争,战斗;?反戈?,?反战?] 反叛,反抗 6、brev brev=short短 brevity [brev短,-ity名词后缀] (陈述等的)简短,简洁;(生命等的)短暂,短促 7、ced ced=go行走(ced也作ceed,cess) preceding [pre-先,前,见上,-ing形容词后缀,…的] 在前的,在先的 procedure [pro-向前,ced行,-ure名词后缀;?进行的过程?] 过程,步骤,手续 8、cept cept=take 拿,取 except [ex-外,出,cept拿;?拿出去?→排除,除外] 除…之外,把…除外 accept [ac-加强意义,cept拿→接] 接受,领受,承认 9、cid,cis cid,cis=cut,kill 切,杀 decide [de-表示加强意义,cid切,切断→裁断→裁决] 决定concise [con-表示加强意义,cis切;?切短?,?切除?不必要
常用英语前缀、后缀、词根表 一、英语常用前缀表 (说明:黑体字为英语前缀及其含义,斜杠/后面为构词举例)a- 使,离,向/ awake使醒来,apart使分离 ac-,ad-,af-,ag-,al- 向,加强/ accord依照,affect影响anti- 反,防止/ antitank反坦克的 auto- 自,自动/ automation自动化 de- 离,加强,降/ detrain下火车,depicture描述 dis- 否,离,安全/ disallow不准,disroot根除,disarrange 搞乱 dif- 分开,否定/ differ差异,difficult困难 be- 在,使/ beside在……旁,befall降临(于) bi- 双/ bicycle自行车,bisexual两性的 co- 共同,互相/ cn- exist共存 com-,con- 共同,加强/combine联合,confirm使加强 e- ,ex- 出,否定,加强/ educe引出,estop阻止,expand扩展 en-,em- 在内,用于,使/ encage关入笼,embed使插入in- ,im-,il- 无,向内,加强/ incorrect不正确,impulse 冲动 inter- 在……间/ international国际的 kilo- 千/ kilometer千米 micro- 微/ microbe微生物 mini- 微小/ minibus小公共汽车 neg- 不,非/ neglect忽视,negate否定 non- 不,非/ nonparty非党派的 ob-,oc-,op- 越过,包围,逆反/ object目标,oppose反抗out- 在外,除去/ outlaw逃亡者,outroot根除 over- 超出,反转/ overweight超重,overthrow推翻 per- 贯通,遍及/ perform完成,perfect完美的 post- 在后/ postwar战后的,porstern后门 pre- 在前/ preface前言 pro- 在前,拥护/ prologue序言,pro- American亲美的 re- 重复,相反/ recall回忆,react反应 se- 分离/ separate使分离,select选出 sub-,suc-,sug- 在下,次于/ subway地铁,succeed继承sur- 超,外加/surface表面,surtax附加税 tele- 远/ television电视 trans- 超过,透过/ translate翻译,transport运输 un- 否定/ unfair不公平的 up- 向上/ upset推翻,upstairs在楼上 uni- 单一/ united联合的,unit单位二、英语常用后缀表 (说明:黑体字为英语后缀及其含义,斜杠/后面为构词举例) -ability,—ibility 抽象名词/ stability稳定,sensibility敏感性 -able,—ible 能…的/ unable无能力的,terrible可怕的-acy性质,状态/ illiteracy文盲,intricacy错综复杂 -age动作,状态,总称(构成名词)/ folwage泛滥,postage 邮费 -al动作,行为,…的/ manual手册,central中心 -an人,籍贯,…的/ African非洲的,publican旅店主 -ance,—ancy行为,性质,状态/ distance距离,currency 流通 -ant,ent人,…的/ assistant助手,excellent优秀的 -ary地点,人,事物/ library图书馆,military军事 -ate做,职位,…的/ doctorate博士学位,adequate足够的-ation,-ition动作,性质,状态/ visitation访问,addition附加物 -craft 技巧,工艺/ aircraft飞机,handicraft手艺 -cy 形状,状态,职位/ secrecy秘密,fancy幻想 -dom 状态,领域/freedom自由,kingdom王国 -ed 有…的/ cultured有教养的,puzzled迷惑的 -ence,-ency 行为,性质,状态/ difference差异,frequency 频率 -er,—eer,—or人/ killer杀手,engineer工程师,doctor 医生 -ern 地点,方位/ eastern东方的,cavern洞穴 -ese 人,语言,国籍/ Chinese中国人,Japanese日本人-ess 女性,雌性/ actress女演员 -hood 状态,身份(构成名词)/ childhood童年,livelihood 生计 -ic 学术,职业,……的/ music音乐,atomic原子的 -ice 人,抽象名词/ service服务,novice新手 -ics 学术(构成名词)/ physics物理学,optics光学 -ing 总称,抽象名词/ clothing衣服,building建筑,feeling 感觉 -ion 物品,抽象名词/ cushion座垫,expression表达 -ism 主义,宗教/ Marxism马克思主义,Islamism伊斯兰教 -ist …者(构成名词)/ communist共产主义者,dentist 牙医 -ive 人,物,…的/ native本地人,attractive有吸引力的
英文词根大全 语法词根词缀记忆法第一部分通过前缀认识单词(常用前缀一) 1、a- ① 加在单词或词根前面,表示" 不,无,非" acentric 无中心的 (a+centric 中心的)asocial 不好社交的(a+social 好社交的)amoral 非道德性的(a+moral 道德的;注意:immoral 不道德的)apolitical. 不关政治的(a+political 政治的)anemia 反常的(a+nomal 正常的 +ous )apathy 冷漠(a+path 感情+y) ② 加在单词前,表示”在…,…的” asleep 睡着的(a+sleep 睡觉)aside 在边上(a+side 旁边)ahead 在前地(a+head 头)awake 唤醒,醒的(a+wake 醒的)aloud 高声地(a+loud 高声的)alive 活的(a+live 活)alone 孤单的(a+lone 单个的)avare 意识到的(a+ware 注意)awash .泛滥的(a+wash 冲洗) 2、ab-,abs咖在词根前,表示”相反,变坏,离去”等 abnormal 反常的(ab+normal 正常的) abuse滥用(ab+use用宀用坏宀滥用) absorb吸收(ab+sorb吸收宀吸收掉) absent缺席的(ab+sent出现宀没有出现宀缺席的) abdicate退位(ab+dic命令+ate^不在命令退位) abduct诱拐(ab+duct引导宀引走宀诱拐) abject可怜的(ab+ject抛宀抛掉宀可怜的) abstract抽象的;心不在焉的(abs+tract拉宀被拉开宀心不在焉) abstain戒绝(abs+tain拿住宀不再拿住宀戒绝) abscond潜逃(abs+cond藏宀藏起来宀潜逃) abscind废除(abs+cind剪切宀切掉宀废除) abscise切除(abs+cise剪宀剪掉宀切除) abstinence节制;禁欲(abs+tin拿住+ense^不在拿住宀戒除,禁欲) 3、ab-,ac-,ad-,af-,ag-,an-,ap-,ar-,as-,at-等加在同辅音字母的词根前,表示"一再”等加强意abbreviate缩写(ab+brev短+iate宀弄短宀缩写)accelerate 陪伴(ac+company 伙伴宀陪伴)accentuate加速(ac+celer速度宀一再增加速度)accomplish强制(ac+cent唱歌宀一再唱出宀强调)accumulate积累(ac+cumul堆积+ate^堆积起来宀积累)accustom使习惯(ac+custom习俗宀习惯习俗)addict上瘾,入迷(ad+dict说宀一再说起宀对.......................................... 入迷) additive 上瘾的(addict 的形容词) adduce引证,举例(ad+duce引导宀一再引导宀举例说明)affable亲切的(af+fable说话宀不断可以说话宀亲切) affiliation入会,加入(af+fili儿子+ation宀成为儿子宀入会)affinity亲密
1,ag=do,act 做,动 2,agri=field 田地,农田(agri也做agro,agr) 3,ann=year年 4,audi=hear听 5,bell=war战争 6,brev=short短 7,ced,ceed,cess=go行走 8,cept=take拿取 9,cid,cis=cut,kill切,杀 10,circ=ring环,圈 11,claim,clam=cry,shout喊叫 12,clar=clear清楚,明白 13,clud=close,shut关闭 14,cogn=known知道 15,cord=heart心 16,corpor=body体 17,cred=believe,trust相信,信任 18,cruc=cross 十字 19,cur=care关心 20,cur,curs,cour,cours=run跑 21,dent=tooth牙齿 22,di=day 日 23,dict=say说 24,dit=give给 25,don=give给 26,du=tow二 27,duc,duct=lead引导 28,ed=eat吃 29,equ=equal等,均,平 30,ev=age年龄,寿命,时代,时期
31,fact=do,make做,作 32,fer=bring,carry带拿 33,flor=flower花 34,flu=flow流 35,fus=pour灌,流,倾泄 36,grad=step,go,grade步,走,级 37,gram=write,draw写,画,文字,图形 38,graph=write,records写,画,记录器,图形 39,gress=go,walk 行走 40,habit=dwell居住 41,hibit=hold拿,持 42,hospit=guest客人 43,idio=peculiar,own,private,proper特殊的,个人的,专有的44,insul=island岛 45,it=go行走 46,ject=throw投掷 47,juven=young年轻,年少 48,lectchoose,gather选,收 49,lev=raise举,升 50,liber=free自由 51,lingu=language语言 52,liter=letter文字,字母 53,loc=place地方 54,log=speak言,说 55,loqu=speak言,说 56,lun=moon月亮 57,man=dwell,stay居住,停留 58,manu=hand手 59,mar=sea海 60,medi=middle中间
常见英语词根、词缀 词根 ●act=to do , to drive,表示“行动,做” ●act行为 acting演技 activity活动(act+ivity状态→活动状态) activate使…活动,起动(act+ivate使…→使…活动)●actualize实现(actual实际的+ize化→实际化→实现) interact相互作用(inter相互+act→相互动→相互作用●react反应;反抗(re反+act→反动;反应) transact做交易;办理(trans横+act→横向动 ●→互相贸易或交易) counteract抵抗;抵消(counter反+act→反着动 ●→力量对抗→抵消) ●agri, agro, agr=field, land, 表示“田地,农业”等 ●agriculture农业(agri+culture培养) ●agrarian 耕地的,土地的 agronomy农学(agro+nomy学科→农科) agrobiology农业生物学(agro+bilolgy生物学) ●ann, enn=year,表示“年,一年” ●annual一年一度的(ann+ual) anniversary周年纪念(anni+vers转+ary→ ●一年转到一次→周年纪念日) ●audi,audit=hear,表示“听” audience听众;观众(audi+ence表名词→ ●听的人→听众) auditorium礼堂;讲堂(audit+orium场所→听的场所)audible听得见的;可听的(audi+ible能…的) inaudible听不见的(in不+audi+ible) ●bio,bi=life,表示“生命,生物” ●biography传记(bio+graphy写→写生命→传记) biographer传记作者 biochemistry生物化学 autobiography自传 biosphere生物圈(bio+sphere圈→生命圈)●ced, ceed, cess=go,表示“行走,前进” antecede先行,先于(ante前+cede→走在前面→先行) antecedent先行的;以前的(antede+ent) ancestor祖先;祖宗(an=ante+cest=cess+or→ ●走在前面的人→祖先) ●concession让步;退位 intercede调停;仲裁(inter在…中间+cede→ ●在二者中间走→调解) precede在先,优于(pre预称+cede→预先走→优走)precedent先例;惯例(precede+ent→预先走的东西→先例) ●recede撤回;交还(领土)(re后+cede→向后走→ 撤退) secede脱离;退出(se分开+cede→分开走→脱离)excess过度,过剩 excessive过分的;过度的 proceed继续进行,前进(pro向前+ceed→向前走→前进) ●centr=center,表示“中心” ●central中心的 concentrate集中;浓缩 concentration集中;浓缩 concentric同心的;集中的(con共同+centric→同中心的) ●circ,cycl=ring,circle,表示“圆,环” ●circular圆的;循环的(circ+ular表形容词) circulate循环,流通(circ+ulate→绕圈走→循环) circulation发生,流通(circulate+ion) circuit环行;电路(circu+it走→环行) circus马戏团;圆形广场 ●encircle环绕,包围(en进入+circle;圆→进入圆→包 围) cycle周期 cyclone旋风
100个常见公共标志英文单词1、Business Hours 营业时间 2、Office Hours 办公时间 3、Entrance 入口 4、Exit 出口 5、Push 推 6、Pull 拉 7、Shut 此路不通 8、On 打开( 放) 9、Off 关 10、Open 营业 11、Pause 暂停 12、Stop 关闭 13、Closed 下班 14、Menu 菜单 15、Fragile 易碎 16、This Side Up 此面向上 17、Introductions 说明 18、One Street 单行道 19、Keep Right/Left 靠左/右 20、Buses Only 只准公共汽车通过 21、Wet Paint 油漆未干 22、Danger 危险 23、Lost and Found 失物招领处 24、Give Way 快车先行 25、Safety First 安全第一 26、Filling Station 加油站 27、No Smoking 禁止吸烟 28、No Photos 请勿拍照 29、No Visitors 游人止步 30、No Entry 禁止入内 31、No Admittance 闲人免进 32、No Honking 禁止鸣喇叭 33、Parting 停车处 34、Toll Free 免费通行 35、F.F. 快进 36、Rew. 倒带 37、EMS (邮政)特快专递 38、Insert Here 此处插入 39、Open Here 此处开启 40、Split Here 此处撕开 41、Mechanical Help 车辆修理 42、“AA”Film 十四岁以下禁看电影 43、Do Not Pass 禁止超车 44、No U Turn 禁止掉头
英语词根词缀表(最全)
英语常用词根词缀表 注:这是本人学习时总结的词根词缀表,希望对大家有帮助,谢谢大家。 1、前缀 a-①无,不,非:amoral 非道德性②[含有in,on,at,by,with,to等意义]:asleep 在熟睡中③[加强意义]:aloud 高声地 ab-离去,相反,不:absorb 吸去 ac-[含有at,to之意;或表示加强意义]:accompany 陪伴 ad-[含有at,to之意;或表示加强意义]:adventure 冒险 an-①无,不:anelectric 不起点的②[加强或引申意义]:announce 宣布 ante-前,先:反对;相反;防止:antiwar 反战的 auto-自己,自动:autobiography 自传 be-①使……;使成为……:befool 欺骗,愚弄②加以……,饰以……,用……(做某事):becloud 遮暗,遮蔽③在:beside 在……旁边④[加强及引申意义]:befall 降临;发生 bene-善,好;benefit 恩惠,利益 bi-两,二:bicolour 两色的 by-旁,侧,非正式,副:buroad 小路 circum-周围,环绕:circumplanetary 环绕行星的 co-共同:coaction 共同行动 col-共同:collocate 并列;并置 com-①共同:combine 联合;结合②[加强或引申意义]:commix 混合 con-①共同:concolorous 同色的②[加强或引申意义]:conclude 结束,终结 contra-反对,相反:contraposition 对照;针对 cor-①共同;互相:correlation 相互关系②[加强或引申意义]:correct 纠正 counter-反对,相反:countermarch 反方向行进 de-①否定;非;相反:denationalize 非国有化②除去,取消,毁:desalt 除去盐分③离开:detrain 下火车④向下,降低,减少:depress 压低,压下⑤使成……,做成……⑥[或仅作加强意义]:design计划;设计 deca-十:decametre 10米 deci-十分之一:decimetre 1/10米,分米 demi-半:dimigod 半神半人 di-二,双:disyllable 双音节词 dia-贯通;对穿;透过;二者之间:dialogue 对话 dif-分开;否定,不:differ 不同,相异
【用英国人的方法背单词】就背252个字根就好了(附 英语字根最全列表) 请大家想一想,英语是谁发明的?英国人呗! 英国人认不认识汉语?不认识! 那么英国人在学英语单词的时候需不需要记住单词的汉语意思?不需要,英国人的英语课本里根本就没有汉字,何谈记住单词的汉语意思? 那么既然英国人学英语不需要记住(甚至根本就见不到)单词的汉语意思,那么中国人学英语为什么要去记住单词的汉语意思呢?这种做法大家不觉得奇怪吗? 然而由于中国人学英语时都在背单词的汉语意思,因此大家反而觉不出“背汉字”有什么奇怪的了。 其实仔细想一想,这个行为真的很奇怪,奇怪的根源不在于行为本身,而在于中国人普遍不会直接识别英语单词的意思,因而只好靠汉语符号来机械地帮助记忆英语单词的意思,这样去学英语不仅多此一举,而且必然会陷入苦海无边的符号记忆灾难中。 其实英语单词和汉字一样,存在着很多的“偏旁部首”,知道了偏旁部首你就可以根据它们直接来猜测单词的意思,虽不说百分之百猜准,但起码可以猜测个大概,至少在别人告诉过你单词的意思后你可以恍然大悟地领会它,这样就可以大大增强你对英语单词“见字识意”的能力,做到真正认识一个单词,而把它的汉语意思仅做为一般参考。 举几个例子来说吧: 比如单词representative,请别急着告诉我你认识这个单词,其实你不见得“认识”这个单词,你仅是凭着你的记忆力记住了这串英语字母和两个汉字符号“代表”之间的对应关系,这样去学英语你会多费劲? 下面我来告诉你这个单词为什么是“代表”的意思。 re在英语里是一个偏旁部首,它是“回来”的意思; pre也是一个偏旁部首,是“向前”的意思; sent也是一个偏旁部首,是“发出去、派出去”的意思; a仅是偏旁部首之间的一个“连接件”,没了它两个辅音字母t就要连在一起了,发音会分不开,会费劲,因此用一个元音字母a隔开一下; tive也是一个偏旁部首,是“人”的意思。 那么这几个偏旁部首连在一起是什么意思呢? re-pre-sent-a-tive,就是“回来-向前-派出去-的人”,即“回来征求大家的意见后又被派出去替大家讲话的人”,这不就是“代表”的意思吗!这么去认识一个单词才是真正“认识”了这个单词,把它认识到了骨子里。 再举一个例子吧:psychology。
常用医学英语词根词缀 1.人体主要器官前缀 名称通用名前(后)缀常用形容词示例 心heart cardiao- cardial cardium / carditis / cardiology 脑brain encepholo- cerebral cerebrum / encephalitis / encephalology 肺lung pulmo- pulmonary pulmontiis / pulmonectomy / pulmonology 肝liver hepato- hepatic hepatitis / hepatobiliary / hepatology 胃stomach gastro- gastric gastritis / gastrointestinal / gastrology 胆gallbladder chole- biliary holecystitis / cholinergic / cholecystectomy 肠intestine entero- intestinal enteritis / enterectomy / enterology 脾spleen splen- splenic splenitis / splenectomy / splenology 胰pancreas pancreato- pancreatic pancreatitis / pancreatectomy 肾kidney nephro- renal/nephric nephritis / nephropathy / nephrology 2.与人体系统、器官有关的前(后)缀 名称通用名前(后)缀示例 血blood hemo-/hemato hematology/hemoglobin/hematoma 血管vessel vaso- vasopressor/cardiovasology/verebrovascular 静脉vein veno- venography/intravenous/venoconstriction 动脉artery arterio- arteriology/arteriole/arteriosclerosis 肌muscle myo- mycology/myositis/myocarditis 髓marrow myel-/myelo- myelocyte/myelitis/myeloma 神经nerve neur-/neyro- neurology/neuritis/neuron 细胞cell cyto-/-cyte cytology/cytoma/leukocyte 尿urine uro-/ur- urology/urosurgery/urogenital 体body somato-/some somatology/somatopsychic/chromosome 3.与数字有关的前缀 数字前缀示例 一(单)mono-/uni- monomer/monoclone/carbon monoxide/unidirectional 二bi-/di- bilateral/biphasiccarbon dioxide/dipeptide 三tri- trilateral/triphasic/trigeminal nerve 四tetra- tetramer/tetracycline/tetraplegia 五penta- pentagon/pentachromic/pentachloride 六hexa- hexachromic/benzene hexachloride(666)/hexacycliccompiund 七hepta- heptachromic/heptaploid/heptavalent 八octa- octahedral/octal system 九nona- nonapeptide/nonagon 十deca- decade/decagram/decaliter 注:十位数的表示一般为:个位数前缀+deca,如:hexadecanol(十六烷醇),tetradecapeptide gastrin(十四肽胃泌素),octadecanoic acid(十八烷酸)
常见词根 词根同源词根英文意义汉语意义1ag do act做,动 2agri agro agr field田地,农田 3ann enn year年 4audi audit hear听 5bell war战争 6brev short短 7ced ceed cess go行走 8cept take拿取 9cid cis kill cut切,杀 10circ ring环,圈 11claim clam shout cry喊叫 12clar clear清楚,明白 13clud clus close shut关闭 14cogn know知道 15cord heart心 16corpor corp body体 17cred believe trust相信,信任 18cruc cross十字 19cur care关心 20cur curs cour,cours run跑 21dent tooth牙齿 22di day日 23dict dic say说 24dit give给 25don give给 26du tow二 27duc duct lead引导 28ed eat吃 29equ equal等,均,平 30ev age年龄,寿命,时代,时期31fact do make做,作 32fer bring carry带,拿 33flor flour flower花 34flu flow流 35fus pour灌,流,倾,泄 36grad grade step,go步,走,级 37gram write draw写,画,文字,图形 38graph write records写,画,记录器,图形39gress go walk行走 40habit dwell居住 41hibit hold拿,持 42hospit guest客人 43idio own private peculiar proper 特殊的,个人的,专有的
英语常见词根总汇 1. abol = to do away with废除 abolish废除 2. ab-sum = not present离开 absent不在 3. abyssys = bottom底 abyss深渊 4. ac = an oak栎属植物 acorn橡树子 5. acer = a field原野 acre英亩 6. acer = sharp尖锐的 acerbity酸 7. acidus = sour发酸 acid酸 8. acu = sharpen削尖 acumen敏锐 9. aedes = a house住宅 edifice屋宇 10. aequus = equal相等的 equal平等的 11. aer = air空气 aerate充气 12. aer = before以前 ere在…之前 13. aesth = feel发觉 aesthete审美家 14. aestimo = to value估价 esteem尊重 15. aeternus = of endless duration永久的 eternity永恒 16. aevum = age年龄 coeval同年代的 17. afen = evening晚上 eve黄昏 18. afre = always永远 ever永远 19. ag = act行动 agency力量 20. agan = to own承认 owe感谢 21. aggelos = a messenger通信员 angel天使 22. agger = heap堆积 exaggerate夸大 23. ago = lead引导 pedagog教师 24. ago = to do做 agile敏捷的 25. agon = contest争夺 agonal濒死 26. agr = field原野 agrarian土地的
常见英语词根
常用英语前缀、后缀、词根表 一、英语常用前缀表 (说明:黑体字为英语前缀及其含义,斜杠/后面为构词举例) a- 使,离,向/ awake使醒来,apart使分离 ac-,ad-,af-,ag-,al- 向,加强/ accord依照,affect影响 anti- 反,防止/ antitank反坦克的 auto- 自,自动/ automation自动化 de- 离,加强,降/ detrain下火车,depicture描述 dis- 否,离,安全/ disallow不准,disroot根除,disarrange搞乱 dif- 分开,否定/ differ差异,difficult困难 be- 在,使/ beside在……旁,befall降临(于) bi- 双/ bicycle自行车,bisexual两性的 co- 共同,互相/ cn- exist共存 com-,con- 共同,加强/ combine联合,confirm使加强 e- ,ex- 出,否定,加强/ educe引出,estop阻止,expand扩展 en-,em- 在内,用于,使/ encage关入笼,embed使插入in- ,im-,il- 无,向内,加强/ incorrect不正确,impulse冲动 inter- 在……间/ international国际的 kilo- 千/ kilometer千米 micro- 微/ microbe微生物 mini- 微小/ minibus小公共汽车 neg- 不,非/ neglect忽视,negate否定 non- 不,非/ nonparty非党派的 ob-,oc-,op- 越过,包围,逆反/ object目标,oppose反抗 out- 在外,除去/ outlaw逃亡者,outroot根除 over- 超出,反转/ overweight超重,overthrow推翻per- 贯通,遍及/ perform完成,perfect完美的post- 在后/ postwar战后的,porstern后门 pre- 在前/ preface前言 pro- 在前,拥护/ prologue序言,pro- American亲美的 re- 重复,相反/ recall回忆,react反应 se- 分离/ separate使分离,select选出 sub-,suc-,sug- 在下,次于/ subway地铁,succeed继承 sur- 超,外加/ surface表面,surtax附加税
英语构词法的派生法 angry生气的→angrily生气地 to到→towards朝……,向…… east东方→eastward向东 (5)构成数词的后缀有-teen (十几),-ty (几十),-th (构成序数词)。例如: six六→sixteen十六→sixteenth第十六 four四→forty四十→fortieth第四十 合成法 1)合成名词 构成方式例词 名词+名词weekend周末 名词+动词daybreak黎明 名词+动名词handwriting书法 名词+及物动词+er/or pain-killer止痛药 名词+介词+名词editor-in-chief总编辑 代词+名词she-wolf母狼 动词+名词typewriter打字机 动名词+名词reading-room阅览室 现在分词+名词flying-fish飞鱼 形容词+名词gentleman绅士 副词+动词outbreak爆发 介词+名词afternoon下午 2)合成形容词 名词+形容词snow-white雪白的 名词+现在分词English-speaking讲英语的 名词+to+名词face-to-face面对面的 名词+过去分词man-made人造的 数词+名词one-way单行的 数词+名词+形容词two-year-old两岁的 数词+名词+ed five-storeyed五层的 动词+副词see-through透明的 形容词+名词high-class高级的 形容词+名词+ed noble-minded高尚的 形容词+形容词light-blue浅蓝色的 形容词+现在分词good-looking相貌好看的 副词+形容词ever-green常青的 副词+现在分词hard-working勤劳的 副词+过去分词well-known著名的 副词+名词fast-food专门提供快餐服务的 介词+名词downhill下坡的 3)合成动词 名词+动词sleep-walk梦游 形容词+动词white-wash粉刷
252个基本词根全解 第一部分核心词根 1、ag ag = do ,act 做,动 agent [ag做,办理,ent名词后缀,表示人;做事者,“办理人”] 代理人 agency [ag 做,作ency 名词后缀] 代理,代理处,机构,作用 2、agri agri = field 田地,农田(agri 也作agro, agr) agriculture [agri 田地,农田,cult 耕作–ure 名词后缀] 农业,农艺 agronomy [agro农田→农业,nomy …..学] 农学agrestic [agr 田地→乡村→乡野] 乡间的,乡野的,粗野的 3、ann ann = year 年(ann也作enn) annual [ann 年,-ual 形容词后缀,……的] 每年的,年度的 perennial [per-通,全,enn年,-ial形容词后缀,…的] 全年的,四季不断的 4、audi audi=hear 听(audi也作audit) audience [audi听,-ence名词后缀] 听众,倾听auditorium [audi听,-orium 名词后缀,表示场所,地点;“听讲的场所”] 礼堂,讲堂,听众席 5、bell bell=war战争 rebel [re-相反,bel(l)战争,战斗;“反戈”,“反战”] 反叛,反抗 6、brev brev=short短 brevity [brev短,-ity名词后缀] (陈述等的)简短,简洁;(生命等的)短暂,短促 7、ced ced=go行走(ced也作ceed,cess) preceding [pre-先,前,见上,-ing形容词后缀,…的] 在前的,在先的 procedure [pro-向前,ced行,-ure名词后缀;“进行的过程”] 过程,步骤,手续 8、cept cept=take 拿,取 except [ex-外,出,cept拿;“拿出去”→排除,除外] 除…之外,把…除外 accept [ac-加强意义,cept拿→接] 接受,领受,承认 9、cid,cis cid,cis=cut,kill 切,杀decide [de-表示加强意义,cid切,切断→裁断→裁决] 决定,裁决,判决,下决心 concise [con-表示加强意义,cis切;“切短”,“切除”不必要的部分,删除除冗言赘语,留下精简扼要的部分] 简明的,简洁的,简要的 10、circ circ=ring环,圆 circus [circ圆,-us名词后缀;“圆形的表演场地] 马戏场;[转为]马戏团 circular [circul=circle圆,-ar形容词后缀,…的] 圆形的,环形的 11、claim,clam claim,clam=cry,shout 喊叫 exclaim [ex-外,出,claim叫,“大声叫出”] 呼喊,惊叫 proclaim [pro-向前,claim叫喊→声言] 宣布,宣告,声明 12、clar clar=clear 清楚,明白 declare [de-表示加强意义,clar=clear清楚,明白;“to make clear”,“使明白”] 表明,声明,宣告,宣布 clarify [clar=clear清楚,明白,-i-,-fy 动词后缀,使…;“使明白”] 讲清楚,阐明,澄清 13、clud clud=close,shut关闭(clud也作clus) exclude [ex-外,clud关;“关在外面”→不许入内] 排斥,拒绝接纳,把…排除在外 include [in-入,内,clud关闭;“关在里面”,“包入”] 包含,包括,包住,关住 14、cogn cogn=know知道 recognize [re-表示加强意义,cogn知道→认识,-ize动词后缀] 认识,认出,认知 precognition [pre-预先,cogn知道,-ition名词后缀] 预知,预察,预见 15、cord cord=heart心 cordial [cord心,-ial形容词后缀,…的] 衷心的,诚心的 accord [ac-表示to,cord心;“心心相印”]一致,协调,符合,使一致 16、corpor corpor=body (corpor也作corp) corporation [corpor体,-ation名词后缀;由众人组成的一个“整体”] 团体,社团,公司 corporator [corpor体→团体,-ator表示人] 社团或公司的成员
英语单词常见词根总结(一)ag,act 做,驱动agent代理人active活动的,积极的 agr 农田agriculture农业agrarian田地的 am 爱,亲爱amicable友善的amiable和蔼可亲的 anim 心灵,精神,生命animal动物animate有生命的ann,enn 年annual一年的centennial一世纪的 astro 星astronomy天文学astronaut宇宙航行员 audi 听audience听众audible听得见的 bell 战争rebellion反叛,反抗bellicose好战的 bio 生命,生物biology生物学antibiotic抗生的,抗生素brev 短brevity 简短abbreviate缩短,节略 cede 走precedent先行的,在前的precede先行 cent 百centimeter厘米centigrade百分度的 center,centr 中心concentrate集中centrifugal离心力的cide,cis 杀,切suicide自杀bactericide杀菌剂 claim,clam 叫喊exclaim惊叫proclaim宣布,宣告 clar 清楚,明白declare表明,声明clarify讲清楚 clud,clos 关闭close关闭exclude排斥 cogn 知道recognize承认cognitive认识的 cord 心cordial衷心的core核心 cosm 宇宙,世界osmic宇宙的cosmos宇宙 cred 相信credibility可信credit信任 cur,cours 跑ccurrence出现,发生current流通的
英语单词最常见100个词根解释 英语单词构成有其规律,很好的掌握了构词规律,才可以很好、很快的、准确的记忆单词。英语单词构词法的核心部分,在于词根,词的意义主要是由组成单词的词根体现出来的。词根可以单独构成词,也可以彼此组合成词,通过前缀后缀来改变单词的词性和意义。(词根和词缀叫构词语素)也就是说,单词一般由三部分组成:词根、前缀和后缀。词根决定单词意思,前缀改变单词词义,后缀决定单词词性。 主要词根词根解释例词 agri, agro=agriculture 田地,农田agriculture 农业,农艺 ann, enn=year 年annual 每年的,年度的 astro, aster=star 星astronomy 天文学 audi, audit=hear 听audible 听得见的 bell=war 战争rebellion 反叛,反抗 bio, bi=life 生命,生物biology 生物学 brev=short 短abbreviate 缩短,节略 ced, ceed=go 行走precedent 先行的,在前 cept=take 拿,取exception 例外,除外 circ=ring 环,,圆circle 圆,圈,环状物 claim, clam=cry, shout 喊叫exclaim 呼喊,惊叫 clar=clear 清楚的,明白的clarify 澄清;使清楚 clud, clus=close, shut 关闭exclude 排斥,拒绝,接纳 cogn=know 知道cognition 认知 corpor, cor=body 体corporation 团体,社团 cred=believe, trust 相信,信任credibility 可信,可靠, cruc=cross 十字crucify把……钉在十字桇上;折磨 cur=care 关心,挂念,注意security 安全 cru, curs, cour, cours=run 跑cruise巡航舰 di=day 日diary 日记 dict,dic=say 言,说dictator 独裁者,口授者 duc, duct=lead 引导conduct 引导,指导,经营 ed=eat 吃edible 可以吃的,食用的 ev=age 年龄,时代longevity 长寿,长命 fact, fac=do, make 做,作factory 工厂 fer=bring, carry 带,拿different 不同的,相异的 flor, olour=flower 花florid 如花的,华丽的 flu=flow 流fluency 流利,流畅 fus=pour 灌,流,倾泻refuse 拒绝,拒受 geo=earth 地geography 地理学 gon=angle角trigon 三角形 grad=step, go, grade 步,走,级gradual 逐步的 gram=write 写telegram 电报 graph=write, writing 写,画photograph 照相,拍照 gress=go, walk 行走progress 进步