权威 2011年全国职称英语考试真题理工类(B级)答案解析

2011年全国职称英语考试真题答案解析理工类（B级）

第1 部分：词汇选项

1 A confess 这个动词是"坦白、交代、承认"的意思，admit 也是"承认"的意思，两个词后面都可以跟用that 引导的宾语从句，在这个句子里可以换用

2 D extract 作动词用是"获得、获取"的意思，在四个选项中只有obtain 具有这样的意义，又如: extract help, extract satisfaction, extract information 等。

3 B accelerate 这个动词原意是"加速"，如: The trains have been accelerated. 火车提速了；The steps to implement the plan are being accelerated. 执行该计划的步伐正在加速。在本句中accelerate his sale of shares（加速出售他的股票），无疑就是增加出售他的股票的意思，故选increased。

4 D motive 是"动机" 的意思，the motive for (doing) something即为"做某事的动机"，reason 是"理由"，the motive for the murder 和the reason for the murder 是同一意思。

5 C impact 和influence 是同义词，也解释"影响"，又如: the impact of modern technology on interpersonal relationships 现代技术对人际关系带来的影响。

6 D shine 这个动词通常用于表示"发亮、发光"的意思，如: The sun is shining。但是如果和皮鞋一起用，那就是"擦皮鞋、把皮鞋擦亮"的意思了。本句的意思是：他的皮鞋擦得一尘不染。polish 具有"把……擦亮、磨光"的意思，clear 和shoes 一起用的话便是"把鞋子移开"的意思了. wash 则是用水洗，mend 是修补的意思。

7 C exp]ore 是"探索、探险、摸索"的意思。investigate 除了常用的"调查"这层意思外，也具有"探索"这样的意义。本句的意思是：在会议上我们探索了扩充的可能性。

8 A steady 是"稳定的"意思，a steady decline 则是"稳步下降"，在这个上下文中可以用continuous 来代替它，即"不断下降"。sharp decline 则足"急剧下降"。

9 A remark 这个动词就是"说"的意思，所以这里就用saying 来代替它。

10 B framework 就是我们现在常常说的"框架"，within the existing legal framework指在现有的法律框架内。所谓法律框架实际上就是指法律体系，所以选system。limit 是限制，procedure 是程序, status 是地位。

11 D find fault with something/someone 是个固定的表达式，意为"找在、吹毛求疵"，所以和criticize（批评）基本同义。

12 A spectacular 这个形容同常用来描述场面、景观等，意思是"壮观的、壮丽的、华丽的"等。在四个选项中只有magnificent 具有这样的意思。

13 B grasp 这个动词是"抓住"的意思，可用于具体的事物，如：grasp the rope/my hand 抓住绳索/抓住我的手，也可以用于抽象的概念，如: grasp the main idea/his meaning 抓住要点/理解他的意思。在本句中grasp the significance of what had happened 就相当于understand the significance of what had happened。

14 C convert 的意思是"改变、转化"。turn 则是具有同样意义的一个更为常用的单词，两者后由都跟into 来表示"变为……"。又如：Solar energy has

been successfully converted/ turned into mechanical energy. 太阳能被成功地转化成机械能。The priest converted/turned him from Buddhist into a Christian. 那神父把他从一个佛教徒变成了个基督徒。reduce 减少，reform 改造。

15 D tolerate但是"忍受"的意思，如：tolerate the heat 忍受酷热，tolerate the loneliness 忍受孤独，tolerate the humiliation 忍受屈辱。和它同义的词常用的有bear ，endure 和stand。

第2 部分：阅读判断

16 B 文中第二段提到科学家在1985 到2009年的24年间不断地测量湖泊的夜间温度。然而，题干认为科学家对湖泊温度的测量超过30 年，与文章本意不符。

17 B 文中第二段最后两句话提到科学家连续24年测量了世界上167个湖泊的夜间温度。测量的结果是这些湖泊的温度每年增长0.045 度。题干中认为的"世界的湖泊温度大幅增长"的表达不符合文章本意。

18 C 文章第三段第一句话只提到了有些地方湖泊的温度增长可以每年达

到O. 1 摄氏度，但并没有说是亚洲湖泊，因此本题的答案应是选项C，"没有提及"。

19 A 文章第三段最后一句话提到"一个湖泊水温的轻微升高都会导致水藻增多，并且水藻使得湖泊有毒而不适合鱼类生存"，因此本文题干表达的意思符合文章本意，选择答案A。

20 A 文章第四段第二句话提到"科学家经常使用对空气温度的测量值来研究地球变暖的情况"，因此题干表达的意思与文章本意相符。答案为A。

21 B 文章第五段第一句话提到"世界上没有哪个国家会很大或很小以至于不用关注气候的变化"，因此，题干中提到的"一些小国家受到气候变暖的威胁比较小"与文章本意不符。答案为B。

22 C 文章最后一段提到了"联合国气候变化框架公约"的年会，但是没有提到今年的会议在墨西哥举行，所以题干中提到的信息在文中没有显示。答案为C。

第3 部分：概括大意与完成句子

23 F 本段的主题句为"The iPad runs the same operating system as iPod Touch and iPhone" ，意为"iPad 使用与iPod Touch 和iPhone 一样的操作系统"。本段也主要讲述的是iPad 的操作系统。答案应为F。

24 C 本段第一句话"Like iPhone and iPod Touch ，the iPad is controlled by a multitouch display "，说明"与iPhone 和 iPod Touch 一样，iPad 也是多点触控显示屏"。本段其他的句子是对数据链接的介绍。本句的大意应该为显示屏和链接，所以答案为F。

25 E 本段的主题句是"An iPad has different features and applications one can use to execute different and interesting things" ，可以看出本段要说明"iPad 有不同的特征和应用程序来使人们完成不同的有趣事情"。答案为E。

26 D 本段的主题句是"While the iPad is mostly used by consumers it also has been taken up by business users" ，所以可以得知本段主要讲述的是iPad 不仅用于娱乐，而且也用于办公。答案为D。

27 F 第一段中最后一句话是..Apple released the iPad in April 2010，and sold 3 million of the devices in 80 days" ，表达的意思是"苹果公司

在2010年4月推出了iPad，并在80天内卖出了3 百万台"。答案为F。

28 A 第二段最后一句话"Without modification，it will only run programs approved by Apple and distributed via its online store" ，说

明"如果没有改装，iPad 只能运行由苹果公司提供的并经由其网上商店推出的程序"。答案应为A。

29 C 第四段最后一句话..They enable the owner to personalize their email accounts" 显示"iPad 可以使他们的邮件账户个性化"。答案为F。

30 B 第五段最后一句话"A survey by Frost Sullivan shows that iPad usage in workplaces is linked to the goals of increased employee productivity，reduced paperwork, and increased revenue"，显示"工作

场所使用iPad 使得员工的工作效率提高，减少了文书工作，并且增加了收益"。

答案为B。

第4 部分：阅读理解

31 D 第一段里讲到了人们拥有手机的几种理由，其中不包括手机便宜( cheap) 这一条。

32 C detect意为"觉察、发现"，故可用discover。

33 A 第三段里把这名推销员年纪轻轻就要退休的原因讲得十分明白：a traveling salesman had to retire at a young age because of serious memory loss. He couldn't remember even simple tasks.

34 A 请见第四段里的这句话：Mobile phone companies agree that there is some radiation ，but they say the amount is too small to worry about.它们并不否认手机有辐射，但声称辐射量很小无需担心。

35 B 作者建议大家少用手机，这一点在最后一段里可以清楚地看到。

36 B 文章第一段主要讲述的是科学家只是将地球少数的生物物种命名了，还有很多物种没有命名。接着作者使用蜘蛛和鸟的例子说明此观点，以显示地球上生物种类的繁多。答案为B。

37 D 文章第二段最后一句"The project aims to catalog every species on Earth in a single，easy-to-use reference guide" ，说明"这个项目的目的是提供一个单一的，易于使用的生物分类参考指南"。答案为D。

38 C 文章第三段第一句话"To get the encyclopedia started, the creators will use information from scientific databases (数据库) that already exist"，说明"为了建立这个百科全书，创建者要使用现有的科学数据库"。答案为C。

39 C novice 的原意是"新手"，并且文中的意思也是"使用新手设置"来得到有关动物的基本信息。答案为C。选项 A 意为"科学家"；选项 B 意为"创建者"；选项 D 意为"专家"。

40 A 文章第四段第三句话"To make sure the encyclopedia is accurate，scientists will review much of the information added to it"，说明"为了保证百科全书的准确性，科学家会复审其中大部分的信息"，而没有说是"全部的信息"。本题答案为A。文章在不同的段落提到了其余各选项。

41 C 第二段第二句话"Scientists have known that elephants in zoos often suffer from poor health"，说明"生活在动物园的大象经常会有不良的健康状态"。答案为C。

42 D 第三段第二句话"Zoos keep detailed records of all the animals in their care, documenting factors such as birth dates, illnesses, weight and death"，说明是动物园记录了有关大象生活的各个方面，而不是

科学家做的，所以选项D 不符合文章本意。其余选项的内容在文中都有体现。

43 C 第四段中作者向读者讲述了野生雌大象存活的时间是生活在动物园

的雌大象存活时间的三倍，所以答案为C。

44 D 第五段最后一句话"Social lives of elephants are a1so much different in zoos than in the wild, where they live in large herds and family groups"，说明"生活在动物园里的雌大象与野生雌大象不同之处是后者是群居并以家族的方式生活"。答案为D。

45 C 文章最后一段主要讲述大象不适宜动物园的生活，尤其是最后一句话"that doesn't appear to be the case with elephant"，说明"那不适宜大象的情况"。答案为C。

第5 部分：补金短文

46 A 第一段是文章的引言，说的是当今有了电视和杂志这样的媒体，名人到处可见，但是情况并非一向如此，80 年前收音机和电影才刚开始对美国人产生这样的效应，也就是才能向美国的公众介绍宣传Lindberg 使他成为名人。

47 D 这个空挡的前一句说的是Lindberg 在大学读工程学位，但是飞行吸引了他的想象；其后的一句则讲他自己买了飞机在各地表演空中特技，所以在中间自然应该填入他辍学并移居到Nebraska 去学习飞行这句话。

48 F 前一句说Lindberg 参牢，在飞行员班里第一个毕业，这样正好接上Lindbergh used this additional training to get a job as an airmail pilot，flying out of St. Louis，Missouri. 这句话。

49 B 前面一句讲了Lindberg 觉得要完成这次飞行自己的技术没有问题，

但并非任何一架飞机都能飞这么远。所以下面就接上他找到了San Diego 的一家飞行器公司定做了一架飞机。

50 C 六个选项中只有这个选项是和他回到美国后得到的荣誉有关的。

第6 部分：完形填空

51 B 本题考察单词意思。选项A 为"诊断";选项 B 为"增加";选项C 为"检查"; 选项D 为"对待、治疗"。从题意来看，本句要表达的意思是研究者发现吸烟会加重青少年的抑郁症状。答案为B。

52 C 四个选项的意思分别为: A为"金融的，财政的";B 为"物质的，材料

的";C 为"感情的，情感的";D 为"政治的"。从句意来看，本句表达了"这是为

数不多的质疑青少年情感受益于吸烟的观点的研究"。答案选择C。

53 B 全句的意思是"尽管香烟可能看起来能有自我治疗的作用，或者可以改善情绪,但从长远来看，我们发现那些从青少年就开始吸烟的人的抑郁症状更明显"。本题应该选择让步状语的连接词although。选项 A 为"无论什么";选项C 为"自从";选项 D 为"如果"。

54 B 参考上题句意解释。in the long term 意为"从长远来看"。其他选项与long 搭配，意思不符合题意。答案为D.

55 A 本句话的意思是"作为研究的一部分，662 名十几岁的高中生完成了有关他们利用香烟来影响其情绪的20 个问卷调查"。选项A为"影响";选项 B 为"判断";选项 C 为"引导";选项 D 为"学习、研究"。从句意判断本题答案为A。

56 A 本句要表达的意思是"一些英、法学生混合的中学被选为研究对象，其中包括城市和乡村的学校，同时这些学校坐落在经济水平高、中、低不同的地区"，所以本题答案为A "坐落于"。选项 B 为"移动、迁移";选项 C 为"展示、暴露";选项 D 为"混合"。

57 A 本句话的意思是"参与者被分成了三个不同的组"。选项 A 为"组、组群";选项 B 为"套";选项C 为"种类"选项D 为"版本"。答案为A。

58 B 从句意"不用香烟来进行自我治疗、改善情绪或者身体状态的吸烟者"来看，本题答案应为B "状态"。选项 A 为"美丽";选项 C 为"世界";选项D 为"活动"，都不符合文章本意。

59 C 本句是要表述"研究者通过对受试者失眠情况的调查检测他们的抑郁状况"。选项A为"时间";选项B为"勇气";选项C 为"麻烦";选项 D 为"能量"。从句意判断，本题答案为C.

60 B 本句意为"那些使用香烟作为情绪改善者的吸烟者比那些从不吸烟的青少年要容易有抑郁症状"。选项 A 为"告知者";选项B为"改善者";选项C 为"创造者";选项D 为"设计者"。答案为B。

61 B 参考上题句意解释。本句中有比较的成分，选项B 符合题意。

62 A 本句中at the risk of 为一个词组，意为"有……风险"。答案为A。其余各选项不符合词组意思。

63 A 选项 A 为"联合";选项 B 为"合作";选项 C 为"不同"; 选项 D 为"一致"。从句意来看，本句意为"既抑郁又吸烟的人主要是那些用香烟来使自己感觉好点的青少年"。只有 A 符合题意。

64 B 参考上题句意解释。选项B "主要地"符合题意。选项A 为"很可能";选项C 为"偶然地";选项D 为"几乎不、刚刚"，都不符合题意。

65 A 从句意来看，本句要表达的意思是"强调那些青少年认为自己的情绪因吸烟而好转，

但实际上其抑郁症状得分却较高这一事实是重要的"。选项A 为"重要的";选项 B 为"无意义的";选项 C 为"不合法的";选项 D 为"友好的"。只有 A 符合题意。其他选项偏离本文的主题。

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