专八改错题
1.the hot interior of the earth, let the temperature __1__
of the sun.
As we know, life would only be possible on the face of a __2__
planet had temperatures somewhere within this range. __3__
The earth’s supply of water probably remains quite fairly const ant __4__
in quantity. A certain number of hydrogen atoms, which
are one of the main constituents of water, are lost by escaping
from the atmosphere to out space, but they are probably just __5__
about to be replaced by new water rising away from the depths of the __6__ earth during volcanic action. The total quantity of water is not
known, and it is about enough to cover the surface of the globe __7__
to a depth of about two and three-quarter kms. Most of it—97%
is in the form of the salt waters of the oceans. The rest is
fresh, but three quarter of this is in the form of ice at the Poles __8__
and on mountains, and cannot be used by living systems when __9__
melted. Of the remaining fraction, which is somewhat fewer __10__
than 1%of the whole, there is 10-20 times as much stored as underground
water as is actually on the surface. There is also a minor,
but extremely important, fraction of the water supply
which is present as water vapour in the atmosphere.
答案：
1.Let ^the 加入alone. Let alone 意为“更不用说”，表示一种让步关系。
2.face-surface 根据上下文理解，应该指地球的表面。
3.planet^had 加入which或that。这样使得planet后面的句子成为一个定语从句。
4.去掉fairly或quite 意思重复。
5.out改成outer 这里指外层空间。
6.去掉away rise后面不接away。
7.and改成although 短文中这里是让步关系，而不是并列关系。
8.quarter改成quarters 英语表达中，当分子是二以上的数时，分母应为复数。
9.when改成until或者unless 根据上下文，这句话的意思应为:除非（冰雪)融化，否则（地球上的）生命系统就无法利用水。所以when在这里的意思有误。10.fewer改成less 文中的remaining fraction 仍指水，因此不能用fewer，要用less。
2.Excessive calories from sugar can contribute to weight problems,
and sugar is also well known for its ability to promote teeth __1__
decay.
Too many calories from fat have also taken their toll from the __2__
public's health. In 1988, the U.S surgeon general issued a report
linking high level of fat intake to an increased risk for obesity.
Obesity is a risk factor for high bloody pressure, stroke, and __3__ diabetes. Research has also shown a relationship between high
levels of fat in the diet and cancer. In addiction, scientists
have linked some types of fat to high blood cholesterol level,
which must lead to heart disease. Such reports have prompted __4__
health experts and nutritionists to recommend that adults and
children over age 2 not only watch their sugar intake but
also to limit their fat intake to a maximum of 30% of their __5__
complete calories. This has encouraged many people to turn __6__
to products made with fat and sugar substitutes.
Low-calorie sugar substitutes have been around for decades,
but the recent trend in eating "light" has created a boom in this
branch of food-technology research. Today, food chemists are
seeking for better substitutes by modifying existing foods, __7__
searching for new compounds in nature, and concoct entirely __8__
new substances. But the research process is complicated by our
incomplete understanding of how the human body interacts with
the chemicals we eat.
For example, scientists do not already know exactly why some __9__
substances taste sweet. Other questions involve the safe and __10__
usefulness of artificial fats and sweeteners.
答案：
1.teeth--tooth
名词直接作前置修饰语的时候，应该用单数形式。
2.（toll）from--on
take one's toll on somebody/ something 的意思是“使得……受损失、对……产生不良影响”，如The terrible weather took its toll on my health。恶劣的天气对我的健康产生（不良）影响。
3.bloody--blood
bloody和blood都可以作为定语修饰名词，但是bloody的意思是“血腥的”。
4.must--may/can
这里上下文并没有必然的联系，所以用must是不恰当的，应该用比较弱的推测语气。
5.to（limit）--/
but also和前面的not only 构成并列结构，所以动词应该是不带to的不定式。
https://www.sodocs.net/doc/7015152670.html,plete--total
原文的意思是“摄入的卡路里的总量”，表示数量上的总数应该用total，complete侧重表示程度，组成部分的完整性。
7.for--/
seek是及物动词，直接跟宾语，要和look for 区分开来。
8. concoct--concocting
动词concoct通过连词and和前面的modifying、searching并列，所以应该是-ing分词。
9.already--yet
这是一个否定句，所以应该用yet。
10.safe--safety
safe是形容词，它作为名词的意思是“保险箱”，所以应该改成safety。
3.Halloween’s origins date to the ancient Celtic festival __1__
of Samhain(pronounced sow-in). The Celts, which lived __2__
2,000 years ago in the area that is now Ireland, the United Kingdom,
and northern France, celebrated its new year on November 1.
This day marked the end of the summer and the harvest and __3__
the beginning of the dark, cold winter, a time of year that was
often associated with human death. Celts believed that at the __4__
night before the new year, the boundary between the worlds
of the live and the dead became blurred. On the night of October __5__ 31, they celebrated Samhain, when it believed that the ghosts __6__
of the dead returned to earth. In addiction to causing trouble and damaging crops, Celts thought that the presence of the
other worldly spirits made it easier for the Druids, or Celtic Priest, make predictions about the future. For a people entirely dependent __7__ on the volatile natural world, these prophecies were an important
source of comfort and direction during the long, dark winter.
To commemorate the event, Druids built huge sacred bonfires,
Which the people gathered to burn crops and animals as sacrifices __8__
to the Celtic deities. During the celebration, the Celts wore
costumes, typically consisted of animal heads and skins, and __9__ attempted to assume each other’s fortunes. When the celebration __10__ was over, they re-lit their hearth fires, which they had extinguished earlier that evening, from the sacred bonfire to help protect them
during the coming winter.
答案：
1.^to—back date back to 固定搭配，意为“追溯至”。
2.which—who Celts 是“盖尔特人”的意思，应该用who来引导非限制性定语从句。
3. the summer-- / summer 季节前面不用加冠词。
4.at—on 在某个特定日子的晚上用介词on。
5.live—living the living 表示“活着的人”与the dead “死者”相对。
6.^ believed—was 这里应该用被动句。
7.^ make—to 动词不定式短语做真正的宾语。
8.which—where 或者^which—around 先行词bonfire在这里是表示地点的名词。
9.consisted—consisting 用现在分词表示主动。
10.assume—sell “算命”英语用“tell one’s fortune
4.Ismail Kadare, who was rewarded the Man Booker __1__
international Prize for literature this year, is the first Alabanian
writer to be taken notice in nearly 80 years. His classic novel, __2__ The General of the Dead Army, is a meditation on the consequences
of war, a hugely moved account of the meaning of duty and the __3__ tragedy that blind obedience entails.
It is early 1960s, nearly 20 years as the Second World War __4__
ended. An Italian General, accompanied with a sinister priest __5__
who is also Italian army colonel, is sent to Alabania to locate __6__
and collect the bones of his countrymen who had died during the
War and return them for burial in their native land. They are
armed with maps, lists, and other important informations such as __7__ measurements, dental and other records of the missing personnel.
The team tours the countryside, organizing digs and disinterment
and, as they try to find the dead sons of forgotten families, they
wonder at the sense and scale of their task. The General constantly
talks to the priest who is accompanying them the futility of __8__
war and the sheer meaningless of the whole enterprise.
As they go deeper into the Alabanian countryside they find
their footsteps follow, sometimes anticipated, by a fellow General __9__ who is also looking for bodies—the bodies of German countrymen.
Like this Italian counterpart, the German too struggles in the remote countryside, against the cold and rain and the hostile terrain. It is a thankless job looking for the remains of dead “souls” merely to take
them back home for a decent burial. Is it worthy the exercise? Isn’t __10__ this a mistaken sense of national honor?
答案：
1. rewarded—awarded
award是“颁发；授予”之意，而reward做动词讲时是“给……报酬或者奖赏”
2. ^in—of
take notice of 给固定搭配，不可省略
3. moved—moving
动人的，用moving
4. as—since
“自从……起”应该用since
5.with—by
be accompanied by “由……陪伴”为固定搭配
6.^Italian—an
colonel 是可数名词单数，又在Italian之前，所以应该加上不定冠词an
7. informations—information
8.them^--about
talk about意思是谈论，为固定搭配
9.follow—followed
这里应该用过去分词，表被动
10. worthy—worth
worth 是“值；相等于……”而worthy和of 连用是“值得……的；足以……的”之意
5.infant is born into any community in any part
of the world it has two things in common with any infant, provided- __1__ neither of them have been damaged in any way either before- __2__
or during birth. Firstly, and most obviously, newborn children
are completely helpless. Apart from a powerful capacity to
pay attention to their helplessness by using sound, there is nothing __3__
the newborn child can do to ensure his own survival. Without
care from some other human being or beings, be it mother,
grandmother, or human group, a child is very unlikely to survive.
This helplessness of human infants is in marked contrast
with the capacity of many newborn animals to get on their feet __4__
within minutes of birth and run with the herd within a few
hours. Although young animals are certainly in risk, sometimes __5__
for weeks or even months after birth, compared with the human
infant they very quickly develop the capacity to fend for them. __6__
It is during this very long period in which the human infant
is totally dependent on the others that is reveals the second fea- __7__
ture which is shares with all other undamaged human infants, a
capacity to learn language. For this reason, biologists now sug-
gest that language be “species-specific ” to the human race, that is __8__
to say, they consider the human infant to be genetic programmed __9__
in such way that it can acquire language. This suggestion implies __10__
that just as human beings are designed to see three-dimensionally
and in color, and just as they are designed t stand upright
rather than to move on all fours, so they are designed to learn
and use language as part of their normal development as well-formed
human beings.
答案：
1.and ^ infant 加入other。根据上下文，这里主要指的是与其他婴儿相比，不是与任何一个婴儿相比
2.have 改成has。Neither 后面跟单数形式。
3.pay attention改成draw/ attract/ call .这事一个用词不当的错误，应是引起别人注意的意思。
4.get on their feet on 改成to。 Get to their feet 指站立。
5.in risk 或 in risk 改成at或danger。这里可以有两种改法，改成at risk，或是in danger
6.fend for them 改成themselves。这里的主语与濒于同指young animals, 因此要用反身代词
7.on the others 删掉the ，这里指的是其他人，不是其他婴儿。
https://www.sodocs.net/doc/7015152670.html,nguage be be改成is。这里suggest不指建议，他指的是提出（看法等），因此不需要用动词原形
9.genetic 改成genetically。这里应该是个副词。
10.such ^ way 加入a。way 在这里是可数名词，因此要加入不定冠词。
6.One question is often risen in response to international __1__
test comparisons: Do these results really mean anything? In
the past, international testing programs have been criticized
on variety of grounds. Two allegations, in particular, have __2__
been common: first, that other nations have not tested as large
a percentage of their student population, and nevertheless their __3__
scores have been inflated; and second, that our best students are
among the world’s best, with o ur average brought down by a __4__
large cohort of low-achievers.
Whatever the historic validity of such concerns, they are now, __5__
if anything, reversed. Particularly in the fourth and eighth grade,
education has become universal in all of the leading nations.
Therefore, in science, the percentage of randomly selected __6__
U.S. schools and students that actually did participate at the
eighth-grade level was just 73 percent—the third-lowest of all
45 participating countries, and 11 percentage points under the __7__
United States had third-lowest overall participation rate for both __8__ grades in both subjects. Japan, Taiwan and Singapore all had
participation percentages in the 90s.
How about our best and brightest? At the fourth-grade level,
there is some real truth to the idea that the best American students __9__
are among the best in the world. Looking only at the top 5 percent
of test-takers, American fourth-graders beat the average of wealthy
nations by 13 percentage points. By the eighth grade, however, the
tables have turned, with America’s brightest students fallen to __10__ percentage points behind their foreign peers.
答案:
1. risen—raised
提出问题应该用及物动词raise
2. ^variety—a variety of 为固定搭配
3.nevertheless—hence/thus/consequently
根据上下文，这里应该用表示结果关系的连接词，而不是转折关系的连接词
4.^brought—being
这里应该用表示被动的现在分词短语做独立主格结构
5.historic—historical
Historic是“历史上著名的；与过去时代有关的”这里应该用historical是“历史上的”
6.Therefore—Moreover/Furthermore
这里应该用表示递进关系的连接词，而不是结果关系的连接词。
7.under—below
低于平均值多少百分点用介词below
8.^third—the
序数词前应该用定冠词the
9.real--/
real 多余，应删除 10.fallen—falling
应该用现在分词作独立逐个结构
7.Long ago there was a prince who unwisely confided the media __1__
that while tending his loved garden, he often talked to his plants. __2__
He also warned his future subjects about losing touch with their
natural surrounding and their rich cultural heritage. But the people __3__ scoffed and said it was the fuddy-duddy Prince and was out of __4__
touch. And they shook heads at the madness of the Prince’s forebear,
King George III, who famously talked with a tree he had
mistaken the King of Prussia. __5__
These days Britain’s Prince of Wales is still considered a tad
eccentric. But increasingly, Charles Philip Windsor is winning applause
for his campaign to combat that he calls the wanton destruction __6__
that has taken place with the name of progress. For 30 years __7__
the Prince has been in the forefront to promote kinder, gentler
farming methods; protect Britain’s countryside urban sprawl; improve __8__
city landscapes; and safeguard the nation’s architectur al
heritage. And whereas his once a lonely if plumy voice crying in __9__
the wilderness, the Prince has seen many of his once maverick
opinions became mainstream. __10__
答案:
1.confided 后面加to
向某人透露……，应该用confide to sb
2.loved改为 beloved
loved只能用于被动语态，表示动作。不论是做表语还是定语，都只能用beloved。
3.surrounding改为surroundings
“surrounding” 是形容词，意思是“周围的”，当它做名词是，意思是“环境”，只能用surroundings。
4.将and改为who/that
这是一个强调句型，意思是“那个守旧的王子落伍了”。
5.在mistaken后面加上for
“把……误以为……”应该用mistake…for…。这句话的意思是：他把那棵树当作普鲁士的国王了。
6.that改为what
在这里what做代词，引导宾语从句，做combat的宾语。
7.将with改为in
In the name of 以为“以……名义”，为固定搭配。这里意思是：以进步为名义恣意的破坏。
8.在urban前加from
Protect …from…为固定搭配，指的是“保护……不受……的侵害”
9.once 前加 was
这里“his” 代表“his voice”，很明显这里缺少谓语动词。这里指“虽然他的声音曾经在荒野里哭喊，但是却无人聆听”。
10.将became改为become
See…do sth 为固定搭配
8.His vision would help creating a middle class in the U.S., __1__
one marked by urbanization, rising wages and some free time in
which to spend it. When Ford left the family farm at age 16 and __2__
walked eight miles to his first job in Detroit machine shop ,only 2 __3__
out of 8 Americans live in the cities. By World War II that figure __4__
would double, and the affordable Model T was one reason of it. __5__
People flocked to Detroit for jobs, and unless they worked in one of __6__ Henry’s factories, they could afford one of his cars— it is a virtuous circle, and he was the ringmaster. By the time production
ceased for the model T in 1927, more than 15 million cars have __7__
been sold—or half the world’s output.
Nobody was more of an inspiration to Ford to the great inventor __8__
Thomas Edison. At the turning of the century Edison had blessed __9__
Ford’s pursuit of an efficient, gas-powering car during a chance __10__ meeting at Detroit’s Edison illuminating Co., where Ford was
chief engineer.
答案:
1.将creating改为create
help 后面一般接（to）do sth
2.将it改为them
Spend的宾语实际上是rising wages，为复数，所以应该用代词them。
3.Detroit前加a
Shop是可数名词，所以前面要有限定词。
4.将live改为lived
讲述的是福特16岁的时候的事情。
5.将of 改为for
The reason for…是固定搭配，表示……的原因。
6.将unless改为if
通过逻辑分析，句子意思是，如果他们能在福特的工厂工作，他们就能买得起他的汽车—这是一个良性循环。
7.将have改为had
“到1927年截止”，这里必须是用过去完成时。
8.将第二个to改为than
这是一个“more…than”的结构。意思是“没有人比爱迪生给福特的激励更大”。
9.将turning改为turn，或者在turning后加上point
10.powering改为powered
power 作为动词，意思是“给……提供动力”，所以这里应该用被动的过去分词。
9.Beware people preaching that we live in special times. People __1__
have preached that message before, and those listened sold their __2__ furniture and climbed up on rooftops to await for ascension, or __3__
built boats to float out the coming flood, or laced up their Nikes
and poisoned themselves in some California Subdivision. These
prophets are the one with visions of the seven-headed beast, with a __4__
taste to the hairy shirt and the scourge, with twirling eyes. No, it’s __5__ no use listening to them.
And yet, for all that, we may live in a special time. We may live in
the strangest, most thoroughly different moment since human being __6__
took up farming 10,000 years ago. Since then time has flowed at one __7__ direction—toward more, which we have taken to be progress. At first
Tte momentum was gradual, almost imperceptible, checking by wars __8__
and the Dark Ages and plagues and taboos; but in recent centuries it
has accelerated, the curve of every graph steepens like the Himalayas __9__ rising from the Asian steppe. We have climbed quite highly. __10__
答案：
1.beware后加of
beware of sb/sth为固定搭配，意思是“提防否认或者某物”。
2.those后加who/that
这是一个定语从句，修饰those，意思是“那些听他们话的人”，who/that在定语从句中做主语，不能省略。
3.去掉for 或者把await改为wait
“await”相当于“wait for”，都是等待的意思。
4.将one改为ones
主语these prophets是复数。
5.将to改为for
Taste意思是“对……的品位”时，后面一般接介词for。
6.将being改为beings
7.将at改为in
derection前面通常与in 搭配。
8.将checking改为checked
现在分词表示主动，过去分词表示被动。这里是“被”战争等因素制约。
9.将steepens改为steepening
这是一个独立主格，逻辑主语动作为主动。
10.将highly改为high
highly为副词，相当于very，fairly，这里用形容词high。high既可以做形容词也可以做副词。
10.The term biological clock is applied to the means which living __1__
things adjust their activity patterns, without any obvious cue, the __2__
time of day, or the month, or the year. They are affected but little,
if at all, by drugs, chemicals, or wide temperature differences—
factors may alter substantially the rates of all ordinary processes of __3__ the body.
The nature of the biological clocks mechanism is still a mystery __4__
two quite different theories have been advanced to account to __5__
them. According to the first of these theories, each individual have envolved, aided by natural selection, an adaptation to the rhythmic __6__ environment. It has now become independent on the environment __7__
according to this view, the clocks are not perfect timers.
They require regular corrections by the natural light and tide cycles
and the changed lengths of the day throughout the year. __8__
The other theory holds up living things react continuously to __9__
their rhythmic physical environment. The setting of their biological
clocks, therefore, involves a constant adjustment to subtle clocks
which are potential perfect times. __10__
答案:
1.^which—by
by the means of 指“通过……方式”，如果吧means作为先行词，后面定语从句就要有by，这句话意思是“生物钟指的是生物调节其行为的方式”。
2.^the time – to
adjust A to B 指A适应B，这句指“在没有任何提示的情况下，是自己的行为方式适应外界的时间”。
3.factors^--which/ that
这是一个定语从句，修饰factors，which/that做主语不能省略。
4.clocks—clock’s
5.to（第二个）--for
account for意思是explain，为固定词组。
6.^an—as
这句话意思是“这些是由于对规律环境的适应进化而来的”。
7.on—of
be independent of 意思是“独立于……，不依赖……”
8.changed—changing
文章要表达的是“变化着的长度”，应该用现在分词。
9. up去掉或者将up改为that
hold本身就有“持……观点”的意思。
10. potential—potentially
11.In the Russian city of Elista, an infected husband transmitted
the AIDS virus to his wife, who then gave birth an infected child. __1__
The baby became ill and taken to the hospital, where needles used __2__
on the infant were reused, transmit the virus to more than 50 other __3__ children.
This case illustrates one of the most frightened aspects of the __4__
AIDS epidemic—its spread from the “high-risk” groups to their
sex partners. “The proportion of AIDS cases tr ansmitted by heterosexual contract is on the raise,” said Meade Morgan, chief of CDC. __5__
And if the number of cases will plateau or ultimately grow larger __6__
than the original epidemic among homosexual men is uncertain.
And the media have run stories suggesting casual heterosexual
sex carry very little risk. That is a dangerous notion. __7__
As of August 31, 1989, the CDC has reported 3300 cases of
heterosexuality transmitted AIDS, excluding those in people born
in Africa, where heterosexual contact is regarded to be the major __8__ pathway. This is three percent of all US cases reported in date. __9__
The number of heterosexually transmitted AIDS cases have doubled __10__
in the past 15 years.
答案
1.birth^--to
give birth to ：“生下”，为固定搭配。
2.^taken—was
这是一个由and连接的并列句，两句的谓语动词并不相同。
3.transmit—transmitting
这是一个现在分词做状语表明结果的用法。
4.frightened—frightening
frightening意思是horrible，令人可怕，而frightened是本身可怕。
5.raise—rise
be on the rise 意思是be rising 为固定词组。
6.if—whether
两者都有“是否”的意思，但是在主语从句中，只能用whether。
7.carry—carries
suggest引导的句子后面用什么语态是由suggest的含义决定的。这里是“暗示”，用直接陈述形式，当其表达建议时用原型。
8.regarded—considered/thought
regard….as…，consider…to be, think …to be.如果后面接的是to be，就不能用regard。
9.in—to
to date相当于 so far， up to now，为固定搭配。
10.have—has
这句话的主语不是cases，而是“the number”，所以应该用单数。
12.We Americans are incredible lazy. Instead of __1__
Cooking a simple, nourishing meal, we pop a freezing __2__
dinner into the oven. Instead of studying daily __3__
newspaper, we are contented with the capsule
summaries on the network news. Worse of all, instead __4__
of walking evenly a few blocks to the local __5__
convenience store, we jump into our car. This __6__
independence on the automobile, even for short __7__
trips, have robbed us of a valuable experience- __8__
walking. If we drove less and walked less, we __9__
would save money, and become healthier, and discover __10__
fascinating things about our surroundings.
答案及解析：
1.incredible 改为 incredibly
需要副词来修饰形容词lazy
2.freezing 改为 frozen
freezing 指的是“极冷的”，而frozen指的是“冷冻的，冷冻过的”
3.studying 后加a 或者把newspaper 改为newspapers
中心词是可数名词，它或者以单数形式出现，前面加限定词a，或者以复数形式出现。
4.Worse改为Worst
“of all”之前需要搭配最高级，表示“其中最…….的”
5.evenly 改为 even
evenly是副词，表示“平均地，均匀地”
6.car改为cars
据上下文判断，这里泛指美国人跳进自己的车，而不是统统跳进一辆车，故应该为复数cars
7.independence 改为dependence
8.have改为has
9.第二个less改为more
10.去掉第一个and
多个并列位于在最末一位前加and
13.When I decided to return back to school at the __1__
age of thirty-five, I wasn’t at all worried for my __2__
ability to do the work. After all, I was a grown
woman who has raised a family, not a confused__3__
teenager freshly out of school. But when I __4__
started classes, I realized that those “confused
teenagers” who sitting around me were in __5__
more better shape for college than I was. They still__6__
had all their classroom skills in bright, shiny__7__
condition, while mine grown rusty from disuse. I__8__
had totally forgotten how to locate information in
a library, what to write a report, __9__
or even how to speak up in class discussion. __10__
答案及解析：1.去掉back
return本身就相当于back或go back，此处back意义重复
2.for改为about
worry about是固定词组，表示“为……担心”，而worry for后加人时表示“为某人担心”
3.has改为had
定语从句中时态应与主句一致
4.freshly改为fresh
fresh out of school作后置定语修饰teenager。freshly只有与过去分词连用时才表示recently
5.去掉who或将sitting改为sat
6.more改为much
修饰强调比较级better
7.classrooms改为classroom
classroom在此处是名词作定语修饰skill，不能用复数
8.mine后加had
过去分词grown不能单独作谓语，并且需要表示出在过去的过去“我的技能早已生锈”
9.what改为how
write后已有宾语，应用how表示方式
10.or改为and
14. A first pregnancy can be both anxious and exciting__1__
time for a woman. Having never given birth
before, the expected mother is usually filled with__2_
worries. She regularly thinks her unborn child has
stopped moving. At another times, she wonders if __3_
her baby will be normal, if it will be deformed and __4_
retarded, and, most frightening to her, if it will be
stillborn. Because she hates thinking __5_
these possible misfortunes, she cannot__6_
help it. However, she is usually unable to comfort__7_
herself with her excitement. She constantly wonders how__8_
her child will be like, what color of hair
and eyes it will have, when it will arrive. These __9_
feelings are to be expected of the first-time mother; __10
this is perhaps the most anxious and exciting period
of her life to date.
答案:1. both后加an
time在此表示一段时期，是可数名词，而anxious以元音开头，所以加an
2. expected改为expectant
the expectant mother为习惯用法，表示the woman who is pregnant
3. another改为other
another后应为单数名词
4. and改为or
用or表示两者任意一种情况 5 because改为although
根据上下文逻辑关系判断，这里应该为让步关系
6.these前加of
think是不及物动词，think of表示”想起，想到”等含义
7. unable改为able
根据上下文可做判断，用将要做妈妈的这种兴奋来安慰自己
8. how改为what
what做be like的表语
9. when前加and
并列从句用and连接
10.the 改为a
表示泛指任意一个
15.you to buy. For example, in most supermarkets,
the milk and bread are either at opposite ends of __1__
the store and located far away. __2__
to the first aisle. Even if you’ve stopped at the __3__ market only for staples like these, you must pass
hundred of items in order to reach them. The odds__4__
are instead of leaving with a quart of milk, you’ll__5__ leave with additional purchases as well. Special
displays, such as a pyramid of canned green beans in a__6__ aisle or a large end \display of cartons of paper
towels, also increases sales. Because you assume__7__
that these items are a good buy, you may pick it__8__
up. However, they may not even be on sale! Store
managers know that customers automatically __9__
attracted to these displays, they will use them to__10__ move an overstocked product.
答案：
1．bread 前加the
因为这里说的是两样不同的东西
2．and改为or
either…or…表示“或者……或者……”
3．to改为from
far away from表示“距离……远”
4．hundred改为hundreds
hundreds of 修饰名词表示“成百上千的”
5．are后加that
that引导的表语从句不可省略
6．a改为an
7．increases改为increase
句子主语displays 是复数，故谓语动词形式为原形
8．it改为them
them指代上文中的items，故为复数
9．customers后加are
that引起的宾语从句中应为被动语态结构
10．they前加and两个句子要用and连接起来
16.In addition to learn how to cope with daily__1__
work, I’ve also know to handle study sessions for__2_
big tests. My all-night study sessions in high
school are experiment in self-torture. Around __3__
2:00A.M., My mind, as a soaked sponge, simply__4_
stopped absorb things. Now, I space out exam__5__
study sessions over several days. That way, the
night before can be devoted to a overall review__6_
rather than raw memorizing. Most important,
though, I’ve changed my attitude toward tests. In
high school, I thought tests were mysterious things
with completely predictable questions. Now, I ask __7_
teachers the kinds of questions that will be on the __8_
exam, and I try to “psych out” which areas or facts
teachers are like to ask about. These practices really__9_
work, and for me they’ve taken many of the __10_
fear and mystery out of tests.
答案：
1. learn改为learning
in addition to 中的to是介词，后面应跟名词或动名词
2. known改为learned
与上文中的动词learning相呼应
3. are改为were
因为是以前发生的事情，所以应当使用过去时
4. as改为like
as是连词引导从句，like才是介词，表示“像……一样？
5. absorb改为absorbing
当表示“停下做某事时”应该使用stop doing sth
6. a改为an
7. predictable改为unpredictable
根据上下文的意思，作者当时认为考试非常神秘，并且问题也很难，那么考试题自然是不可预测的了
8. teachers后加about
表示“关于某事询问某人”
9. like改为likely
根据题意此处应理解为“很可能”，而like不能用于此处
10. many改为much
因为下文被修饰的fear和mystery均为不可数名词
17.Demographic indicators show that Americans in the post war period were more eager than ever to establish families. They quickly brought down the age at marriage
after more than a hundred years of a steady decline, producing the “baby boom.” __2__
These young adults established a trend of early marriage and relatively large families that went for more than two decades and caused a major but temporary __3__ reversal of long-term demographic patterns. From the 1940s through the early 1960s, Americans married at a high rate and at a younger age than their __4__ Europe counterparts. __5__
Less noted but equally more significant, the men and women who formed __6__ families between 1940 and 1960 nevertheless reduced the divorce rate after a __7__ postwar peak; their marriages remained intact to a greater extent than did that of __8__
couples who married in earlier as well as later decades. Since the United States __9__
maintained its dubious distinction of having the highest divorce rate in the world, the temporary decline in divorce did not occur in the same extent in Europe. __10__ Contrary to fears of the experts, the role of breadwinner and homemaker was not abandoned.
参考答案及解析:1. 将height改为high/peak。
整句话的大意为他们把男女的婚龄降了下来，使出生率达到了20世纪的高峰。
high可以用作名词，意为“高峰”，“高水准”，“最高纪录”。
height可以作“极点，顶点”解释。例如：The height of cleve rness is to conceal one’s cleverness。
2.将第二个不定冠词a 去掉。
steady decline 意为持续的下降，前面不用加冠词。又如：years of hard work。根据语感可以判断出来。
3. 在went后加on，或将went改为lasted。
此处是“持续”的意思，所以可以用went on 或者last来表达。
4. 将high改为higher。
此处意为美国人结婚率比以前提高了，有与战前相比的意思，因此应用比较级。
5. 将Europe改为European。
6. 删掉more。此处的大意为战后离婚率也下降了，这个现象不大有人注意，但同样也很重要。另外，more与equally相矛盾。
7. 将nevertheless 改为also或者删掉nevertheless。
此处上下文之间不是转折关系，而是递进关系。8. 将that 改为those。
此处的代词应指marriages这个复数名词，因此应用those。此处考察代词与先行词一致的问题。
9. 将Since改为Although/Though/While。此处是转折关系，不是因果关系。
10. 将in改为to。短语to the extent是固定搭配。
after more than a hundred years of a steady decline, producing the “baby boom.” __2__
These young adults established a trend of early marriage and relatively large families that went for more than two decades and caused a major but temporary __3__ reversal of long-term demographic patterns. From the 1940s through the early 1960s, Americans married at a high rate and at a younger age than their __4__ Europe counterparts. __5__
Less noted but equally more significant, the men and women who formed __6__ families between 1940 and 1960 nevertheless reduced the divorce rate after a __7__ postwar peak; their marriages remained intact to a greater extent than did that of __8__
couples who married in earlier as well as later decades. Since the United States __9__
maintained its dubious distinction of having the highest divorce rate in the world, the temporary decline in divorce did not occur in the same extent in Europe. __10__ Contrary to fears of the experts, the role of breadwinner and homemaker was not abandoned.
参考答案及解析:1. 将height改为high/peak。
整句话的大意为他们把男女的婚龄降了下来，使出生率达到了20世纪的高峰。
high可以用作名词，意为“高峰”，“高水准”，“最高纪录”。
height可以作“极点，顶点”解释。例如：The height of cleverness is to co nceal one’s cleverness。
2. 将第二个不定冠词a 去掉。
steady decline 意为持续的下降，前面不用加冠词。又如：years of hard work。根据语感可以判断出来。
3. 在went后加on，或将went改为lasted。
此处是“持续”的意思，所以可以用went on 或者last来表达。
4. 将high改为higher。
此处意为美国人结婚率比以前提高了，有与战前相比的意思，因此应用比较级。
5. 将Europe改为European。
6. 删掉more。此处的大意为战后离婚率也下降了，这个现象不大有人注意，但同样也很重要。另外，more与equally相矛盾。
7. 将nevertheless改为also或者删掉nevertheless。
此处上下文之间不是转折关系，而是递进关系。
8. 将that 改为those。
此处的代词应指marriages这个复数名词，因此应用those。此处考察代词与先行词一致的问题。
9. 将Since改为Although/Though/While。此处是转折关系，不是因果关系。
10. 将in改为to。短语to the extent是固定搭配。
19.Before 1973, abortion was illegal in America unless the woman's
health was threatened. In March of 1970, Jane Roe, a single
woman, instituted this federal action against the District
Attorney of the country. The original idea was that women who
truly did not want a baby should not have to have it. __1__
Since pregnancy may be a blessed act when planned or wanted, __2__
forced pregnancy, like any force bodily invasion, is anathema to
American values and traditions. As legalized abortion has become
an everyday part of American life, a different side to it has
emerged out. __3__
Where women once were aborting because they did not want a
child, the reasons being given now were becoming very different. __4__
Abortion has turned into something that women are being coerced
from boyfriends'/husbands' unwilling to be fathers, out of fear __5__
of the financial pressure, out of the panic from losing their
jobs, out of panic from having to quit the school, or becoming __6__ homeless, or out of fear of their parents kicking them out into
the street.
Abortion for these reasons can lead to problems which develop
when a woman is unable to get round her emotional responses __7__
from the trauma of an abortion. There are women who abort and
do so completely of her own free will. These women have no __8__
regrets, no remorse, but are happy they had this choice available. __9__
But a growing number of women are speaking up about how abortion
effected them adversely. __10__
答案和解析:
1.it--one
it和one用来指代时，it通常用于特指，one通常用于类指。结合上下文，此处应当指代前文的a baby，是类指，所以应当用one。
2.Since--While
这里考的是根据上下文的逻辑关系判断连接词的使用。前后两个分句是对比pregnancy和forced pregnancy这两个方面，所以应该选用表示对比的连用词while。
3.out--/
emerge一词后面不要受到中文的影响加上out；但是可以说come out。emerge可以和介词from搭配，表示“从……中浮现出来”。
4.were--are
虽然这一句从句中是过去时态，但是主句中谈的是“现在”的情况，所以应当用现在时态。
5.^from--into
动词coerce要和介词into搭配。coerce somebody into something，意思是“胁迫某人做某事”。
6.the--/
school 前带定冠词时通常是特指，不带冠词通常是类指。这里说“辍学”，应当是类指，所以不能带定冠词。7.round--through
get through 的意思是“度过（经济，感情等的）难关”，get round有“说服”的意思，原文是说“客服流畅造成的情感创伤”，应当用get through。
8.her--their
这里的代词是指前文提到的women，所以应该是复数。
9.but (are)--and
从逻辑关系来看，这一句“很高兴有这个选择”和前文“没有遗憾、不后悔”是一致的、并列的，所以不能用转折连词。
10.effected--affected
effect和affect两个词形近，而词性不同，容易混淆。前者通常作为名词，后者是动词。
20.It is difficult for an American to understand soccer.
I learned the hard way. When I was in Glasgow,
going to the school, I had to choose which of the —1—
city's two mighty teams I would back, Celtic in
green, Rangers in blue. Because of a boy I had —2—
cheered for the Boston Celtics basketball team,
I decide in my lot with their namesakes. One—3—
winter afternoon before Celtic had won a brutal—4—
game at the Ranger's park, I was walking home,
wearing my green ribbon, while a Ranger fan—5—
leaped out of the shadows and punched me in
mouth so hard I feel backward. Other Ranger fans—6—
picked me up and apologized, "He doesn't mean
nothing personal. He just hates Celtic." A fan's—7—
loyalty lasts for life. In several football countries,
it has noted, factory production goes up or down,—8—
depending upon the home team's win and loss.—9—
After England's 1966 victory in the Word Cup,
immigration to Australia from England dropped
for 18 percent. "That victory made Englishmen—10—
feel that Britain still has a future." an Australian
official explained.
答案及解析：
1. 删除school之前的the
此处指本文主人翁在那儿上学，并非具体指上哪个学校，因此无需用定冠词
2. of—as或when
从句法分析看，because引导一个原因状语从句。because as a boy I had cheered for the Boston Celtics basketball team，从句中也有状语as a boy（=as/when I was a boy）3. decided—cast/threw
cast/threw in one's lot with sb.为固定搭配，意义为“与某人祸福与共”
4. before—after/when从时间顺序来看下文发生在本文主人翁身上，即遭到袭击是发生
在比赛结束后
5. while—when
用when引导的状语从句与主语由逗号分开，有“突然”的含义
6. 在mouth之前加the
定冠词the置于人体器官之前以表示身体之一部分或私人之所有。如to hang the head in shame
7. nothing—anything
本句中已经有一个否定词doesn't，如果再用否定词nothing，双重否定则为肯定，那么与本文意义相矛盾
8.在has和noted之间插入been
it为形式主语，真正的主语是 factory production goes up or down,depending upon the home team's win and loss.该现象是人们注意到的，故为被动语态较合理
9.and—or
与上文的factory production goes up or down相协调，depending upon the home team's win or loss
10.for—by
一般用by引导表示程度的状语
21.Changes in the way people live bring about changes in the
jobs that they do. More and more people live in towns and cities
instead on farms and in villages. Cities and states have to provide __1__ services city people want, such like more police protection, more __2__ hospitals, and more schools. This means that more policemen,
more nurses and technicians, and more teachers must be hired.
Advances in technology has also changed people's lives. __3__
Dishwashers and washing machines do jobs that were once done
by the hand. The widespread use of such electrical appliances __4__
means that there is a need for servicemen to keep it running properly. __5__ People are earning higher wages and salaries. This leads __6__
changes in the way of life. As income goes down, people may not __7__
want more food to eat or more clothes to wear. But they may
want more and better care from doctors, dentists and hospitals.
They are likely to travel more and to want more education
Nevertheless, many more jobs are available in these services. __8__
The government also affects the kind of works people do. __9__.
The governments of most countries spend huge sums of money
for international defense. They hire thousands of engineers, __10__
scientists, clerks, typists and secretaries to work on the many
different aspects of defense.
答案:
1. (instead) on --- of instead of 固定搭配，代替
2. like --- as such as 固定搭配
英语专业八级改错练习题及答案解析
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2015年专八改错真题.doc
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专八改错练习
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