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中央民族大学考博英语阅读题及其解析If ambition is to be well regarded,the rewards of ambition—

wealth,distinction,control over one's destiny—must be deemed

worthy of the sacrifices made on ambition's behalf.If the tradition

of amb i tion is to have vitality,it must be widely shared;and it

especially must be highly regarded by people who are themselves

admired,the educated not least among them.In an odd way,however,

it is the educated who have claimed to have given up on ambition as

an ideal.What is odd is that they have perhaps most benefited from

ambition—if not always their own then that of their parents and

grandparents.There is a heavy note of hypocrisy in this,a case of

closing the barn door after the horses have escaped―with the Geng

duo yuan xiao zhen ti ji qi jie xi qing lian xi quan guo mian fei zi

xun dian hua:si ling ling liu liu ba liu jiu qi ba,huo jia zi xun

qq:qi qi er liu qi ba wu san qi educated themselves riding on them.

Certainly people do not seem less interested in success and its

signs now than formerly.Summer homes,European travel,BMWs—the

locations,place names and name brands may change,but such items do

not seem less in demand today than a decade or two years ago.What

has happened is that people cannot confess fully to their dreams,as

easily and openly as once they could,lest they be thought pushing,

acquisitive and vulgar.Instead,we are treated to fine hypocritical

spectacles,which now more than ever seem in ample supply:the critic

of American materialism with a Southampton summer home;the publisher

of radical books who takes his meals in three-star restaurants;the journalist advocating participatory democracy in all phases of life, whose own children are enrolled in private schools.For such people and many more perhaps not so exceptional,the proper formulation is," Succeed at all costs but avoid appearing ambitious."

The attacks on ambition are many and come from various angles; its public defenders are few and unimpressive,where they are not extremely unattractive.As a result,the support for ambition as a healthy impulse,a quality to be admired and fixed in the mind of the young,is probably lower than it has ever been in the United States. This does not mean that ambition is at an end,that people no longer feel its stirrings and promptings,but only that,no longer openly honored,it is less openly professed.Consequences follow from this, of course,some of which are that ambition is driven underground,or made sly.Such,then,is the way things stand:on the left angry critics,on the right stupid supporters,and in the middle,as usual, the majority of earnest people trying to get on in life.

27.It is generally believed that ambition may be well regarded if_____.

[A]its returns well compensate for the sacrifices

[B]it is rewarded with money,fame and power

[C]its goals are spiritual rather than material

[D]it is shared by the rich and the famous

28.The last sentence of the first paragraph most probably implies

that it is____.

[A]customary of the educated to discard ambition in words

[B]too late to check ambition once it has been let out

[C]dishonest to deny ambition after the fulfillment of the goal

[D]impractical for the educated to enjoy benefits from ambition

29.Some people do not openly admit they have ambition because____.

[A]they think of it as immoral

[B]their pursuits are not fame or wealth

[C]ambition is not closely related to material benefits

[D]they do not want to appear greedy and contemptible

30.From the last paragraph the conclusion can be drawn that ambition should be maintained_____.

[A]secretly and vigorously

[B]openly and enthusiastically

[C]easily and momentarily

[D]verbally and spiritually

名师解析

27.It is generally believed that ambition may be well regarded if_____.

普遍认为，如果____,雄心就能够受人尊重。

[A]its returns well compensate for the sacrifices

雄心的回报充分补偿了所作的牺牲

[B]it is rewarded with money,fame and power

雄心以金钱、名誉和权力作为回报

[C]its goals are spiritual rather than material

雄心的目标是精神上的而不是物质上的

[D]it is shared by the rich and the famous

它是富人和名人共享的

【答案】A

【考点】事实细节题。

【分析】文章第一句指出，“雄心如果想要获得尊重，那么它的回报——财富、声望、对命运的掌控——则必须被认为值得为之牺牲”。也就是说，正确答案是[A]。[B]中的金钱、声望和对命运的控制，在第一句中，只是作为取得回报的三个例子，并非仅包括这三方面而已。因此，选择项[A]更加确切地表达了第一句的意思。[C]、[D]的说法显然不对。

28.The last sentence of the first paragraph most probably implies that it is____.

第一段最后一句话很可能暗示的内容是____。

[A]customary of the educated to discard ambition in words

受过教育的人习惯于口头上抛弃雄心

[B]too late to check ambition once it has been let out

雄心一旦释放，要想再阻拦就晚了

[C]dishonest to deny ambition after the fulfillment of the goal

在目标达成之后不诚实地否认雄心

[D]impractical for the educated to enjoy benefits from ambition

对受过教育的人来说，要享受雄心带来的好处是不实际的。

【答案】C

【考点】句意题。

【分析】本句中出现一个比喻，意思是“他们是野心的受益者，但又虚伪地否认拥有野心的重要性”。这和[C]的意思是吻合的。[A]的错误在于它不够完整，没有提到受益这个概念。[B]的说法是字面意思。[D]选项没有根据。

29.Some people do not openly admit they have ambition because____.

一些人不公开宣称他们有雄心，是因为____。

[A]they think of it as immoral

他们认为这不道德

[B]their pursuits are not fame or wealth

他们追求的不是名声和财富

[C]ambition is not closely related to material benefits

雄心和物质利益并非紧密相连

[D]they do not want to appear greedy and contemptible

他们不想让自己看上去贪婪和可鄙

【答案】D

【考点】事实细节题。

【分析】根据第二段第三句，“现在，人们不能像以前那样轻易公开地承认自己的梦想，以免别人认为自己爱出风头，贪婪和庸俗”，所以答案是[D]。

30.From the last paragraph the conclusion can be drawn that ambition should be maintained_____.

从最后一段可以得出雄心应该被_____保持这一结论。

[A]secretly and vigorously秘密并严格地

[B]openly and enthusiastically公开和充满热情地

[C]easily and momentarily容易并暂时地

[D]verbally and spiritually在语言上和精神上

【答案】B

【考点】作者观点题。

【分析】文章最后一段提到“本应该是一种健康的冲动，一种应该受人仰慕并扎根于青年人心灵的品质的雄心，却被人攻击，得不到支持。由于不公开，雄心转为地下，雄心变得偷偷摸摸”。由此推论，作者认为人们不应该隐瞒自己的雄心，而应该坦言。

难句解析：

1.If the tradition of ambition is to have vitality,it must be widely shared;and it especially must be highly regarded by people who are themselves admired,the educated not least among them.

【结构分析】本句是并列句，前一个分句中，“if”引导条件状语从句，主句主语“it”指代“the tradition of ambition”。后一个分句中“who”引导一个定语从句修饰“people”，“the educated not least among them”是“people”的补语。

2.What has happened is that people cannot confess fully to their dreams,as easily and openly as once they could,lest they be thought pushing,acquisitive and vulgar.

【结构分析】“what”引导主语从句，“that”引导表语从句。“as…as…”结构做程度状语，此外“lest”引导带虚拟语气的假设状语从句。

3.Instead,we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles,which now more than ever seem in ample supply:the critic of American materialism with a Southampton summer home;the publisher of radical books who takes his meals in three-star restaurants;the journalist advocating participatory democracy in all phases of life,whose own children are enrolled in private schools.

【结构分析】本句看上去很长，主句是“we are treated to fine hypocritical spectacles”。“which”引导一个非限定性定语从句修饰“spectacles”。在冒号的后面是三个并列的名词性短语，关键词分别是“critic”，“publisher”和“journalist”。

全文翻译：

雄心如果想要获得尊重，那么它的回报——财富、声望、对命运的掌控——则必须被认为值得为之牺牲。如果雄心的传统要焕发生命力，那么它就应该受到广泛的认同;雄心尤其应该得到那些自身得到他人崇拜的人们的高度尊重，那些接受过良好教育的人最应该包括在内。怪就怪在恰恰是那些受过良好教育的人在声称他们不再将雄心作为理想。可是奇怪的是他们已经从雄心中受益最多——如果不总是他们自己的雄心，那么就是他们父母的和祖父母的。这其中有着强烈的虚伪感，就好比把马放跑后再关上马厩的门，而骑在那些马背上的正是受过良好教育的人自己。

当然，现在人们对成功及其标志的兴趣似乎不逊从前，夏日别墅，欧洲旅行、宝马轿车——尽管它们的地点、地名和商标可能会不一样，但现在对这些东西的需求似乎并未比一、二十年前减少。现在，人们不能像以前那样轻易公开地承认自己的梦想，以免别人认为自己爱出风头，贪婪和庸俗。相反，我们目睹的是得体的虚伪，而且比以前任何时候都多。如：美国物欲主

义批评家在南安普顿拥有一幢夏日别墅;激进读物的出版商到三星级宾馆就餐;倡导终生参与民主制的新闻记者却把自己的子女送进私立学校。对于这样的人，以及其他许多不如他们这么特殊的人而言，最好的表达是“成功不惜一切代价，雄心不让任何人看出”。

很多人从不同角度对雄心进行了攻击;却没什么人为之公开辩护，即使辩护也不能服人，尽管辩护者并非极不引人注意。因此，在美国，本应该是一种健康的冲动，一种应该受人仰慕并扎根于青年人心灵的品质的雄心，其得到的支持也许比以往任何时期都低。但这并不意味着雄心已经结束了，人们不再感觉到它对人们的激励了，只是人们不再公开地以它为荣，更少愿意公开地承认。很多不良后果随之而来，如雄心被赶入地下，或变得偷偷摸摸。现在的情况是这样的：左边是愤怒的批评家，右边是愚蠢的支持者，而居中的通常是大多数认真而努力追求成功的人。

本文由“育明考博”整理编辑

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中央民族大学考博英语阅读真题Do you remember all those years when scientists argued that smoking would kill us but the doubters insisted that we didn't know for sure? That the evidence was inconclusive,the science uncertain?That the antismoking lobby was out to destroy our way of life and the government should stay out of the way?Lots of Americans bought that nonsense, and over three decades,some10million smokers went to early graves. There are upsetting parallels today,as scientists in one wave after another try to awaken us to the growing threat of global warming.The latest was a panel from the National Academy of Sciences,enlisted by the White House,to tell us that the Earth's atmosphere is （PS:The way to contact yumingkaobo TEL:si ling ling-liu liu ba-liu jiu qi ba QQ:772678537) definitely warming and that the problem is largely man-made.The clear message is that we should get moving to protect ourselves.The president of the National Academy,Bruce Alberts,added this key point in the preface to the panel's report“Science never has all the answers.But science does provide us with the best available guide to the future,and it is critical that out nation and the world base important policies on the best judgments that science can provide concerning the future consequences of present actions.”Just as on smoking,voices now come from many quarters insisting that the science about global warming is incomplete,that it's Ok to keep pouring fumes into the air until we know for sure.This is a dangerous game:by the 100percent of the evidence is in,it may be too late.With the risks obvious and growing,a prudent people would take out an insurance policy now.Fortunately,the White House is starting to pay attention. But it's obvious that a majority of the president's advisers still don't take global warming seriously.Instead of a plan of action,they

考博英语阅读100篇,含答案

考博英语阅读资料100篇 Unit One Passage 1 The physical distribution of products has two primary aspects: transportation and storage. Both aspects are highly developed and specialized phases of marketing. The costs of both trans-porting and storing are built into the prices of products. Transportation can be by truck, rail- way, ship, or barge. For some items, such as exotic plants and flowers, or when rapid delivery is essential, air freight may be used. Storage, or warehousing, is a necessary function because production and consumption of goods rarely match: items generally are not sold as quickly as they are made. Inventories build up, both in warehouses and at retail establishments, before the foods are sold. The transporta-tion function is involved in bringing goods to a warehouse and taking them from it to retail stores. Storage performs the service of stabilizing market price. If, for example, no agricultural product could be stored, all food would have to be put on the market immediately. This would, of course, create a glut and lower prices drastically. There would be an immediate benefit to consumers, but in the long run they would suffer. Farmers, because of low prices, would be forced off the land, and the amount of food produced would decrease. This, in turn, would raise consumer prices. Warehouses for storage are of several types. Private warehouses are owned by manufactur-ers. Public warehouses, in spite of their name, are privately owned facilities, but they are in-dependent of manufacturer ownership. General-merchandise warehouses store a great variety of products. Cold-storage warehouses store perishable goods, especially food products. Grain ele-vators are a kind of warehouse used to keep wheat and other grains from spoiling. A bonded warehouse is one that stores foods, frequently imported, on which taxes must be paid before they are sold. Cigarettes and alcoholic beverages are common examples. The distribution center is a more recently developed kind of warehouse. Many large com- panics have several manufacturing plants, sometimes located outside the country. Each plant does not make every company product but specializes in one or more of them. The distribution center allows a manufacturer to bring together all product lines in one place. Its purpose is to minimize storage and to ease the flow of goods from manufacturers to retailers rather than build up extensive inventories. It reduces costs by speeding up product turnover. V ery large corporations will have several distribution centers regionally or internationally based 1. The main subject of this passage is______. A) transportation and storage B) storage of products C) distribution center D) two main aspects of product distribution 2. Warehousing is important in that _ A) inventories build up before the goods are sold B) the prices will go down C) more goods are produced than can be consumed D) the food has to be put on the market immediately 3. How many types of warehouses for storage are discussed in the passage?