One Belt and One Road

推动共建丝绸之路经济带和21世纪海上丝绸之路的愿景与行动

Vision and proposed actions outlined on jointly building Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road

前言Preface

2000多年前，亚欧大陆上勤劳勇敢的人民，探索出多条连接亚欧非几大文明的贸易和人文交流通路，后人将其统称为“丝绸之路”。千百年来，“和平合作、开放包容、互学互鉴、互利共赢”的丝绸之路精神薪火相传，推进了人类文明进步，是促进沿线各国繁荣发展的重要纽带，是东西方交流合作的象征，是世界各国共有的历史文化遗产。

More than two millennia ago the diligent and courageous people of Eurasia explored and opened up several routes of trade and cultural exchanges that linked the major civilizations of Asia, Europe and Africa, collectively called the Silk Road by later generations. For thousands of years, the Silk Road Spirit - "peace and cooperation, openness and inclusiveness, mutual learning and mutual benefit" - has been passed from generation to generation, promoted the progress of human civilization, and contributed greatly to the prosperity and development of the countries along the Silk Road. Symbolizing communication and cooperation between the East and the West, the Silk Road Spirit is a historic and cultural heritage shared by all countries around the world.

进入21世纪，在以和平、发展、合作、共赢为主题的新时代，面对复苏乏力的全球经济形势，纷繁复杂的国际和地区局面，传承和弘扬丝绸之路精神更显重要和珍贵。

In the 21st century, a new era marked by the theme of peace, development, cooperation and mutual benefit, it is all the more important for us to carry on the Silk Road Spirit in face of the weak recovery of the global economy, and complex international and regional situations.

2013年9月和10月，中国国家主席习近平在出访中亚和东南亚国家期间，先后提出共建“丝绸之路经济带”和“21世纪海上丝绸之路”（以下简称“一带一路”）的重大倡议，得到国际社会高度关注。中国国务院总理李克强参加2013年中国－东盟博览会时强调，铺就面向东盟的海上丝绸之路，打造带动腹地发展的战略支点。加快“一带一路”建设，有利于促进沿线各国经济繁荣与区域经济合作，加强不同文明交流互鉴，促进世界和平发展，是一项造福世界各国人民的伟大事业。

When Chinese President Xi Jinping visited Central Asia and Southeast Asia in September and October of 2013, he raised the initiative of jointly building the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road (hereinafter referred to as the Belt and Road), which have attracted close attention from all over the world. At the China-ASEAN Expo in 2013, Chinese Premier Li Keqiang emphasized the need to build the Maritime Silk Road oriented toward ASEAN, and to create strategic propellers for hinterland development. Accelerating the building of the Belt and Road can help promote the economic prosperity of the countries along the Belt and Road and regional economic cooperation, strengthen exchanges and mutual learning between different civilizations, and promote world peace and development. It is a great undertaking that will benefit people around the world.

“一带一路”建设是一项系统工程，要坚持共商、共建、共享原则，积极推进沿线国家发展战略的相互对接。为推进实施“一带一路”重大倡议，让古丝绸之路焕发新的生机活力，以

新的形式使亚欧非各国联系更加紧密，互利合作迈向新的历史高度，中国政府特制定并发布《推动共建丝绸之路经济带和21世纪海上丝绸之路的愿景与行动》。

The Belt and Road Initiative is a systematic project, which should be jointly built through consultation to meet the interests of all, and efforts should be made to integrate the development strategies of the countries along the Belt and Road. The Chinese government has drafted and published the Vision and Actions on Jointly Building Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road to promote the implementation of the Initiative, instill vigor and vitality into the ancient Silk Road, connect Asian, European and African countries more closely and promote mutually beneficial cooperation to a new high and in new forms.

一、时代背景I. Background

当今世界正发生复杂深刻的变化，国际金融危机深层次影响继续显现，世界经济缓慢复苏、发展分化，国际投资贸易格局和多边投资贸易规则酝酿深刻调整，各国面临的发展问题依然严峻。共建“一带一路”顺应世界多极化、经济全球化、文化多样化、社会信息化的潮流，秉持开放的区域合作精神，致力于维护全球自由贸易体系和开放型世界经济。共建“一带一路”旨在促进经济要素有序自由流动、资源高效配置和市场深度融合，推动沿线各国实现经济政策协调，开展更大范围、更高水平、更深层次的区域合作，共同打造开放、包容、均衡、普惠的区域经济合作架构。共建“一带一路”符合国际社会的根本利益，彰显人类社会共同理想和美好追求，是国际合作以及全球治理新模式的积极探索，将为世界和平发展增添新的正能量。

Complex and profound changes are taking place in the world. The underlying impact of the international financial crisis keeps emerging; the world economy is recovering slowly, and global development is uneven; the international trade and investment landscape and rules for multilateral trade and investment are undergoing major adjustments; and countries still face big challenges to their development. The initiative to jointly build the Belt and Road, embracing the trend toward a multipolar world, economic globalization, cultural diversity and greater IT application, is designed to uphold the global free trade regime and the open world economy in the spirit of open regional cooperation. It is aimed at promoting orderly and free flow of economic factors, highly efficient allocation of resources and deep integration of markets; encouraging the countries along the Belt and Road to achieve economic policy coordination and carry out broader and more in-depth regional cooperation of higher standards; and jointly creating an open, inclusive and balanced regional economic cooperation architecture that benefits all. Jointly building the Belt and Road is in the interests of the world community. Reflecting the common ideals and pursuit of human societies, it is a positive endeavor to seek new models of international cooperation and global governance, and will inject new positive energy into world peace and development.

共建“一带一路”致力于亚欧非大陆及附近海洋的互联互通，建立和加强沿线各国互联互通伙伴关系，构建全方位、多层次、复合型的互联互通网络，实现沿线各国多元、自主、平衡、可持续的发展。“一带一路”的互联互通项目将推动沿线各国发展战略的对接与耦合，发掘区域内市场的潜力，促进投资和消费，创造需求和就业，增进沿线各国人民的人文交流与文明互鉴，让各国人民相逢相知、互信互敬，共享和谐、安宁、富裕的生活。

The Belt and Road Initiative aims to promote the connectivity of Asian, European and African

continents and their adjacent seas, establish and strengthen partnerships among the countries along the Belt and Road, set up all-dimensional, multitiered and composite connectivity networks, and realize diversified, independent, balanced and sustainable development in these countries. The connectivity projects of the Initiative will help align and coordinate the development strategies of the countries along the Belt and Road, tap market potential in this region, promote investment and consumption, create demands and job opportunities, enhance people-to-people and cultural exchanges, and mutual learning among the peop les of the relevant countries, and enable them to understand, trust and respect each other and live in harmony, peace and prosperity.

当前，中国经济和世界经济高度关联。中国将一以贯之地坚持对外开放的基本国策，构建全方位开放新格局，深度融入世界经济体系。推进“一带一路”建设既是中国扩大和深化对外开放的需要，也是加强和亚欧非及世界各国互利合作的需要，中国愿意在力所能及的范围内承担更多责任义务，为人类和平发展作出更大的贡献。

China's economy is closely connected with the world economy. China will stay committed to the basic policy of opening-up, build a new pattern of all-around opening-up, and integrate itself deeper into the world economic system. The Initiative will enable China to further expand and deepen its opening-up, and to strengthen its mutually beneficial cooperation with countries in Asia, Europe and Africa and the rest of the world. China is committed to shouldering more responsibilities and obligations within its capabilities, and making greater contributions to the peace and development of mankind.

二、共建原则II. Principles

恪守联合国宪章的宗旨和原则。遵守和平共处五项原则，即尊重各国主权和领土完整、互不侵犯、互不干涉内政、和平共处、平等互利。

The Belt and Road Initiative is in line with the purposes and principles of the UN Charter. It upholds the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence: mutual respect for each other's sovereignty and territorial integrity, mutual nonaggression, mutual noninterference in each other's internal affairs, equality and mutual benefit, and peaceful coexistence.

坚持开放合作。“一带一路”相关的国家基于但不限于古代丝绸之路的范围，各国和国际、地区组织均可参与，让共建成果惠及更广泛的区域。

The Initiative is open for cooperation. It covers, but is not limited to, the area of the ancient Silk Road. It is open to all countries, and international and regional organizations for engagement, so that the results of the concerted efforts will benefit wider areas.

坚持和谐包容。倡导文明宽容，尊重各国发展道路和模式的选择，加强不同文明之间的对话，求同存异、兼容并蓄、和平共处、共生共荣。

The Initiative is harmonious and inclusive. It advocates tolerance among civilizations, respects the paths and modes of development chosen by different countries, and supports dialogues among different civilizations on the principles of seeking common ground while shelving differences and drawing on each other's strengths, so that all countries can coexist in peace for common prosperity.

坚持市场运作。遵循市场规律和国际通行规则，充分发挥市场在资源配置中的决定性作用和各类企业的主体作用，同时发挥好政府的作用。

The Initiative follows market operation. It will abide by market rules and international norms, give play to the decisive role of the market in resource allocation and the primary role of enterprises, and let the governments perform their due functions.

坚持互利共赢。兼顾各方利益和关切，寻求利益契合点和合作最大公约数，体现各方智慧和创意，各施所长，各尽所能，把各方优势和潜力充分发挥出来。

The Initiative seeks mutual benefit. It accommodates the interests and concerns of all parties involved, and seeks a conjunction of interests and the "biggest common denominator" for cooperation so as to give full play to the wisdom and creativity, strengths and potentials of all parties.

三、框架思路III. Framework

“一带一路”是促进共同发展、实现共同繁荣的合作共赢之路，是增进理解信任、加强全方位交流的和平友谊之路。中国政府倡议，秉持和平合作、开放包容、互学互鉴、互利共赢的理念，全方位推进务实合作，打造政治互信、经济融合、文化包容的利益共同体、命运共同体和责任共同体。

The Belt and Road Initiative is a way for win-win cooperation that promotes common development and prosperity and a road toward peace and friendship by enhancing mutual understanding and trust, and strengthening all-around exchanges. The Chinese government advocates peace and cooperation, openness and inclusiveness, mutual learning and mutual benefit. It promotes practical cooperation in all fields, and works to build a community of shared interests, destiny and responsibility featuring mutual political trust, economic integration and cultural inclusiveness.

“一带一路”贯穿亚欧非大陆，一头是活跃的东亚经济圈，一头是发达的欧洲经济圈，中间广大腹地国家经济发展潜力巨大。丝绸之路经济带重点畅通中国经中亚、俄罗斯至欧洲（波罗的海）；中国经中亚、西亚至波斯湾、地中海；中国至东南亚、南亚、印度洋。21世纪海上丝绸之路重点方向是从中国沿海港口过南海到印度洋，延伸至欧洲；从中国沿海港口过南海到南太平洋。

The Belt and Road run through the continents of Asia, Europe and Africa, connecting the vibrant East Asia economic circle at one end and developed European economic circle at the other, and encompassing countries with huge potential for economic development. The Silk Road Economic Belt focuses on bringing together China, Central Asia, Russia and Europe (th e Baltic); linking China with the Persian Gulf and the Mediterranean Sea through Central Asia and West Asia; and connecting China with Southeast Asia, South Asia and the Indian Ocean. The 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road is designed to go from China's coast to Europe through the South China Sea and the Indian Ocean in one route, and from China's coast through the South China Sea to the South Pacific in the other.

根据“一带一路”走向，陆上依托国际大通道，以沿线中心城市为支撑，以重点经贸产业园

区为合作平台，共同打造新亚欧大陆桥、中蒙俄、中国－中亚－西亚、中国－中南半岛等国际经济合作走廊；海上以重点港口为节点，共同建设通畅安全高效的运输大通道。中巴、孟中印缅两个经济走廊与推进“一带一路”建设关联紧密，要进一步推动合作，取得更大进展。On land, the Initiative will focus on jointly building a new Eurasian Land Bridge and developing China-Mongolia-Russia, China-Central Asia-West Asia and China-Indochina Peninsula economic corridors by taking advantage of international transport routes, relying on core cities along the Belt and Road and using key economic industrial parks as cooperation platforms. At sea, the Initiative will focus on jointly building smooth, secure and efficient transport routes connecting major sea ports along the Belt and Road. The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor and the Bangladesh-China-India-Myanmar Economic Corridor are closely related to the Belt and Road Initiative, and therefore require closer cooperation and greater progress.

“一带一路”建设是沿线各国开放合作的宏大经济愿景，需各国携手努力，朝着互利互惠、共同安全的目标相向而行。努力实现区域基础设施更加完善，安全高效的陆海空通道网络基本形成，互联互通达到新水平；投资贸易便利化水平进一步提升，高标准自由贸易区网络基本形成，经济联系更加紧密，政治互信更加深入；人文交流更加广泛深入，不同文明互鉴共荣，各国人民相知相交、和平友好。

The Initiative is an ambitious economic vision of the opening-up of and cooperation among the countries along the Belt and Road. Countries should work in concert and move toward the objectives of mutual benefit and common security. To be specific, they need to improve the region's infrastructure, and put in place a secure and efficient network of land, sea and air passages, lifting their connectivity to a higher level; further enhance trade and investment facilitation, establish a network of free trade areas that meet high standards, maintain closer economic ties, and deepen political trust; enhance cultural exchanges; encourage different civilizations to learn from each other and flourish together; and promote mutual understanding, peace and friendship among people of all countries.

四、合作重点IV. Cooperation Priorities

沿线各国资源禀赋各异，经济互补性较强，彼此合作潜力和空间很大。以政策沟通、设施联通、贸易畅通、资金融通、民心相通为主要内容，重点在以下方面加强合作。

Countries along the Belt and Road have their own resource advantages and their economies are mutually complementary. Therefore, there is a great potential and space for cooperation. They should promote policy coordination, facilities connectivity, unimpeded trade, financial integration and people-to-people bonds as their five major goals, and strengthen cooperation in the following key areas:

政策沟通。

Policy coordination

加强政策沟通是“一带一路”建设的重要保障。加强政府间合作，积极构建多层次政府间宏观政策沟通交流机制，深化利益融合，促进政治互信，达成合作新共识。沿线各国可以就经济发展战略和对策进行充分交流对接，共同制定推进区域合作的规划和措施，协商解决合作中的问题，共同为务实合作及大型项目实施提供政策支持。

Enhancing policy coordination is an important guarantee for implementing the Initiative. We should promote intergovernmental cooperation, build a multilevel intergovernmental macro policy exchange and communication mechanism, expand shared interests, enhance mutual political trust, and reach new cooperation consensus. Countries along the Belt and Road may fully coordinate their economic development strategies and policies, work out plans and measures for regional cooperation, negotiate to solve cooperation-related issues, and jointly provide policy support for the implementation of practical cooperation and large-scale projects.

设施联通。

Facilities connectivity

基础设施互联互通是“一带一路”建设的优先领域。在尊重相关国家主权和安全关切的基础上，沿线国家宜加强基础设施建设规划、技术标准体系的对接，共同推进国际骨干通道建设，逐步形成连接亚洲各次区域以及亚欧非之间的基础设施网络。强化基础设施绿色低碳化建设和运营管理，在建设中充分考虑气候变化影响。

Facilities connectivity is a priority area for implementing the Initiative. On the basis of respecting each other's sovereignty and security concerns, countries along the Belt and Road should improve the connectivity of their infrastructure construction plans and technical standard systems, jointly push forward the construction of international trunk passageways, and form an infrastructure network connecting all subregions in Asia, and between Asia, Europe and Africa step by step. At the same time, efforts should be made to promote green and low-carbon infrastructure construction and operation management, taking into full account the impact of climate change on the construction.

抓住交通基础设施的关键通道、关键节点和重点工程，优先打通缺失路段，畅通瓶颈路段，配套完善道路安全防护设施和交通管理设施设备，提升道路通达水平。推进建立统一的全程运输协调机制，促进国际通关、换装、多式联运有机衔接，逐步形成兼容规范的运输规则，实现国际运输便利化。推动口岸基础设施建设，畅通陆水联运通道，推进港口合作建设，增加海上航线和班次，加强海上物流信息化合作。拓展建立民航全面合作的平台和机制，加快提升航空基础设施水平。

With regard to transport infrastructure construction, we should focus on the key passageways, junctions and projects, and give priority to linking up unconnected road sections, removing transport bottlenecks, advancing road safety facilities and traffic management facilities and equipment, and improving road network connectivity. We should build a unified coordination mechanism for whole-course transportation, increase connectivity of customs clearance, reloading and multimodal transport between countries, and gradually formulate compatible and standard transport rules, so as to realize international transport facilitation. We should push forward port infrastructure construction, build smooth land-water transportation channels, and advance port cooperation; increase sea routes and the number of voyages, and enhance information technology cooperation in maritime logistics. We should expand and build platforms and mechanisms for comprehensive civil aviation cooperation, and quicken our pace in improving aviation infrastructure.

加强能源基础设施互联互通合作，共同维护输油、输气管道等运输通道安全，推进跨境电力

与输电通道建设，积极开展区域电网升级改造合作。

We should promote cooperation in the connectivity of energy infrastructure, work in concert to ensure the security of oil and gas pipelines and other transport routes, build cross-border power supply networks and power-transmission routes, and cooperate in regional power grid upgrading and transformation.

共同推进跨境光缆等通信干线网络建设，提高国际通信互联互通水平，畅通信息丝绸之路。加快推进双边跨境光缆等建设，规划建设洲际海底光缆项目，完善空中（卫星）信息通道，扩大信息交流与合作。

We should jointly advance the construction of cross-border optical cables and other communications trunk line networks, improve international communications connectivity, and create an Information Silk Road. We should build bilateral cross-border optical cable networks at a quicker pace, plan transcontinental submarine optical cable projects, and improve spatial (satellite) information passageways to expand information exchanges and cooperation.

贸易畅通。

Unimpeded trade

投资贸易合作是“一带一路”建设的重点内容。宜着力研究解决投资贸易便利化问题，消除投资和贸易壁垒，构建区域内和各国良好的营商环境，积极同沿线国家和地区共同商建自由贸易区，激发释放合作潜力，做大做好合作“蛋糕”。

Investment and trade cooperation is a major task in building the Belt and Road. We sho uld strive to improve investment and trade facilitation, and remove investment and trade barriers for the creation of a sound business environment within the region and in all related countries. We will discuss with countries and regions along the Belt and Road on opening free trade areas so as to unleash the potential for expanded cooperation.

沿线国家宜加强信息互换、监管互认、执法互助的海关合作，以及检验检疫、认证认可、标准计量、统计信息等方面的双多边合作，推动世界贸易组织《贸易便利化协定》生效和实施。改善边境口岸通关设施条件，加快边境口岸“单一窗口”建设，降低通关成本，提升通关能力。加强供应链安全与便利化合作，推进跨境监管程序协调，推动检验检疫证书国际互联网核查，开展“经认证的经营者”（AEO）互认。降低非关税壁垒，共同提高技术性贸易措施透明度，提高贸易自由化便利化水平。

Countries along the Belt and Road should enhance customs cooperation such as information exchange, mutual recognition of regulations, and mutual assistance in law enforcement; improve bilateral and multilateral cooperation in the fields of inspection and quarantine, certification and accreditation, standard measurement, and statistical information; and work to ensure that the WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement takes effect and is implemented. We should improve the customs clearance facilities of border ports, establish a "single-window" in border ports, reduce customs clearance costs, and improve customs clearance capability. We should increase cooperation in supply chain safety and convenience, improve the coordination of cross-border supervision procedures, promote online checking of inspection and quarantine certificates, and facilitate mutual recognition of Authorized Economic Operators. We should lower non-tariff barriers, jointly improve the transparency of technical trade measures, and enhance trade

liberalization and facilitation.

拓宽贸易领域，优化贸易结构，挖掘贸易新增长点，促进贸易平衡。创新贸易方式，发展跨境电子商务等新的商业业态。建立健全服务贸易促进体系，巩固和扩大传统贸易，大力发展现代服务贸易。把投资和贸易有机结合起来，以投资带动贸易发展。

We should expand trading areas, improve trade structure, explore new growth areas of trade, and promote trade balance. We should make innovations in our forms of trade, and develop cross-border e-commerce and other modern business models. A service trade support system should be set up to consolidate and expand conventional trade, and efforts to develop modern service trade should be strengthened. We should integrate investment and trade, and promote trade through investment.

加快投资便利化进程，消除投资壁垒。加强双边投资保护协定、避免双重征税协定磋商，保护投资者的合法权益。

We should speed up investment facilitation, eliminate investment barriers, and push forward negotiations on bilateral investment protection agreements and double taxation avoidance agreements to protect the lawful rights and interests of investors.

拓展相互投资领域，开展农林牧渔业、农机及农产品生产加工等领域深度合作，积极推进海水养殖、远洋渔业、水产品加工、海水淡化、海洋生物制药、海洋工程技术、环保产业和海上旅游等领域合作。加大煤炭、油气、金属矿产等传统能源资源勘探开发合作，积极推动水电、核电、风电、太阳能等清洁、可再生能源合作，推进能源资源就地就近加工转化合作，形成能源资源合作上下游一体化产业链。加强能源资源深加工技术、装备与工程服务合作。We should expand mutual investment areas, deepen cooperation in agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fisheries, agricultural machinery manufacturing and farm produce processing, and promote cooperation in marine-product farming, deep-sea fishing, aquatic product processing, seawater desalination, marine biopharmacy, ocean engineering technology, environmental protection industries, marine tourism and other fields. We should increase cooperation in the exploration and development of coal, oil, gas, metal minerals and other conventional energy sources; advance cooperation in hydropower, nuclear power, wind power, solar power and other clean, renewable energy sources; and promote cooperation in the processing and conversion of energy and resources at or near places where they are exploited, so as to create an integrated industrial chain of energy and resource cooperation. We should enhance cooperation in deep-processing technology, equipment and engineering services in the fields of energy and resources.

推动新兴产业合作，按照优势互补、互利共赢的原则，促进沿线国家加强在新一代信息技术、生物、新能源、新材料等新兴产业领域的深入合作，推动建立创业投资合作机制。

We should push forward cooperation in emerging industries. In accordance with the principles of mutual complementarity and mutual benefit, we should promote in-depth cooperation with other countries along the Belt and Road in new-generation information technology, biotechnology, new energy technology, new materials and other emerging industries, and establish entrepreneurial and investment cooperation mechanisms.

优化产业链分工布局，推动上下游产业链和关联产业协同发展，鼓励建立研发、生产和营销体系，提升区域产业配套能力和综合竞争力。扩大服务业相互开放，推动区域服务业加快发展。探索投资合作新模式，鼓励合作建设境外经贸合作区、跨境经济合作区等各类产业园区，促进产业集群发展。在投资贸易中突出生态文明理念，加强生态环境、生物多样性和应对气候变化合作，共建绿色丝绸之路。

We should improve the division of labor and distribution of industrial chains by encouraging the entire industrial chain and related industries to develop in concert; establish R&D, production and marketing systems; and improve industrial supporting capacity and the overall competitiveness of regional industries. We should increase the openness of our service industry to each other to accelerate the development of regional service industries. We should explore a new mode of investment cooperation, working together to build all forms of industrial parks such as overseas economic and trade cooperation zones and cross-border economic cooperation zones, and promote industrial cluster development. We should promote ecological progress in conducting investment and trade, increase cooperation in conserving eco-environment, protecting biodiversity, and tackling climate change, and join hands to make the Silk Road an environment-friendly one.

中国欢迎各国企业来华投资。鼓励本国企业参与沿线国家基础设施建设和产业投资。促进企业按属地化原则经营管理，积极帮助当地发展经济、增加就业、改善民生，主动承担社会责任，严格保护生物多样性和生态环境。

We welcome companies from all countries to invest in China, and encourage Chinese enterprises to participate in infrastructure construction in other countries along the Belt and Road, and make industrial investments there. We support localized operation and management of Chinese companies to boost the local economy, increase local employment, improve local livelihoods, and take social responsibilities in protecting local biodiversity and eco-environment.

资金融通。

Financial integration

资金融通是“一带一路”建设的重要支撑。深化金融合作，推进亚洲货币稳定体系、投融资体系和信用体系建设。扩大沿线国家双边本币互换、结算的范围和规模。推动亚洲债券市场的开放和发展。共同推进亚洲基础设施投资银行、金砖国家开发银行筹建，有关各方就建立上海合作组织融资机构开展磋商。加快丝路基金组建运营。深化中国－东盟银行联合体、上合组织银行联合体务实合作，以银团贷款、银行授信等方式开展多边金融合作。支持沿线国家政府和信用等级较高的企业以及金融机构在中国境内发行人民币债券。符合条件的中国境内金融机构和企业可以在境外发行人民币债券和外币债券，鼓励在沿线国家使用所筹资金。Financial integration is an important underpinning for implementing the Belt and Road Initiative. We should deepen financial cooperation, and make more efforts in building a currency stability system, investment and financing system and credit information system in Asia. We should expand the scope and scale of bilateral currency swap and settlement with other countries along the Belt and Road, open and develop the bond market in Asia, make joint efforts to establish the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank and BRICS New Development Bank, conduct negotiation among related parties on establishing Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) financing institution, and set up and put into operation the Silk Road Fund as early as possible. We should

strengthen practical cooperation of China-ASEAN Interbank Association and SCO Interbank Association, and carry out multilateral financial cooperation in the form of syndicated loans and bank credit. We will support the efforts of governments of the countries along the Belt and Road and their companies and financial institutions with good credit-rating to issue Renminbi bonds in China. Qualified Chinese financial institutions and companies are encouraged to issue bonds in both Renminbi and foreign currencies outside China, and use the funds thus collected in countries along the Belt and Road.

加强金融监管合作，推动签署双边监管合作谅解备忘录，逐步在区域内建立高效监管协调机制。完善风险应对和危机处置制度安排，构建区域性金融风险预警系统，形成应对跨境风险和危机处置的交流合作机制。加强征信管理部门、征信机构和评级机构之间的跨境交流与合作。充分发挥丝路基金以及各国主权基金作用，引导商业性股权投资基金和社会资金共同参与“一带一路”重点项目建设。

We should strengthen financial regulation cooperation, encourage the signing of MOUs on cooperation in bilateral financial regulation, and establish an efficient regulation coordination mechanism in the region. We should improve the system of risk response and crisis management, build a regional financial risk early-warning system, and create an exchange and cooperation mechanism of addressing cross-border risks and crisis. We should increase cross-border exchange and cooperation between credit investigation regulators, credit investigation institutions and credit rating institutions. We should give full play to the role of the Silk Road Fund and that of sovereign wealth funds of countries along the Belt and Road, and encourage commercial equity investment funds and private funds to participate in the construction of key projects of the Initiative.

民心相通。

People-to-people bond

民心相通是“一带一路”建设的社会根基。传承和弘扬丝绸之路友好合作精神，广泛开展文化交流、学术往来、人才交流合作、媒体合作、青年和妇女交往、志愿者服务等，为深化双多边合作奠定坚实的民意基础。

People-to-people bond provides the public support for implementing the Initiative. We should carry forward the spirit of friendly cooperation of the Silk Road by promoting extensive cultural and academic exchanges, personnel exchanges and cooperation, media cooperation, youth and women exchanges and volunteer services, so as to win public support for deepening bilateral and multilateral cooperation.

扩大相互间留学生规模，开展合作办学，中国每年向沿线国家提供1万个政府奖学金名额。沿线国家间互办文化年、艺术节、电影节、电视周和图书展等活动，合作开展广播影视剧精品创作及翻译，联合申请世界文化遗产，共同开展世界遗产的联合保护工作。深化沿线国家间人才交流合作。

We should send more students to each other's countries, and promote cooperation in jointly running schools. China provides 10,000 government scholarships to the countries along the Belt and Road every year. We should hold culture years, arts festivals, film festivals, TV weeks and book fairs in each other's countries; cooperate on the production and translation of fine films,

radio and TV programs; and jointly apply for and protect World Cultural Heritage sites. We should also increase personnel exchange and cooperation between countries along the Belt and Road.

加强旅游合作，扩大旅游规模，互办旅游推广周、宣传月等活动，联合打造具有丝绸之路特色的国际精品旅游线路和旅游产品，提高沿线各国游客签证便利化水平。推动21世纪海上丝绸之路邮轮旅游合作。积极开展体育交流活动，支持沿线国家申办重大国际体育赛事。We should enhance cooperation in and expand the scale of tourism; hold tourism promotion weeks and publicity months in each other's countries; jointly create competitive international tourist routes and products with Silk Road features; and make it more convenient to apply for tourist visa in countries along the Belt and Road. We should push forward cooperation on the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road cruise tourism program. We should carry out sports exchanges and support countries along the Belt and Road in their bid for hosting major international sports events.

强化与周边国家在传染病疫情信息沟通、防治技术交流、专业人才培养等方面的合作，提高合作处理突发公共卫生事件的能力。为有关国家提供医疗援助和应急医疗救助，在妇幼健康、残疾人康复以及艾滋病、结核、疟疾等主要传染病领域开展务实合作，扩大在传统医药领域的合作。

We should strengthen cooperation with neighboring countries on epidemic information sharing, the exchange of prevention and treatment technologies and the training of medical professionals, and improve our capability to jointly address public health emergencies. We will provide medical assistance and emergency medical aid to relevant countries, and carry out practical cooperation in maternal and child health, disability rehabilitation, and major infectious diseases including AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria. We will also expand cooperation on traditional medicine.

加强科技合作，共建联合实验室（研究中心）、国际技术转移中心、海上合作中心，促进科技人员交流，合作开展重大科技攻关，共同提升科技创新能力。

We should increase our cooperation in science and technology, establish joint labs (or research centers), international technology transfer centers and maritime cooperation centers, promote sci-tech personnel exchanges, cooperate in tackling key sci-tech problems, and work together to improve sci-tech innovation capability.

整合现有资源，积极开拓和推进与沿线国家在青年就业、创业培训、职业技能开发、社会保障管理服务、公共行政管理等共同关心领域的务实合作。

We should integrate existing resources to expand and advance practical cooperation between countries along the Belt and Road on youth employment, entrepreneurship training, vocational skill development, social security management, public administration and management and in other areas of common interest.

充分发挥政党、议会交往的桥梁作用，加强沿线国家之间立法机构、主要党派和政治组织的友好往来。开展城市交流合作，欢迎沿线国家重要城市之间互结友好城市，以人文交流为重点，突出务实合作，形成更多鲜活的合作范例。欢迎沿线国家智库之间开展联合研究、合作举办论坛等。

We should give full play to the bridging role of communication between political parties and

parliaments, and promote friendly exchanges between legislative bodies, major political parties and political organizations of countries along the Belt and Road. We should carry out exchanges and cooperation among cities, encourage major cities in these countries to become sister cities, focus on promoting practical cooperation, particularly cultural and people-to-people exchanges, and create more lively examples of cooperation. We welcome the think tanks in the countries along the Belt and Road to jointly conduct research and hold forums.

加强沿线国家民间组织的交流合作，重点面向基层民众，广泛开展教育医疗、减贫开发、生物多样性和生态环保等各类公益慈善活动，促进沿线贫困地区生产生活条件改善。加强文化传媒的国际交流合作，积极利用网络平台，运用新媒体工具，塑造和谐友好的文化生态和舆论环境。

We should increase exchanges and cooperation between nongovernmental organizations of countries along the Belt and Road, organize public interest activities concerning education, healthcare, poverty reduction, biodiversity and ecological protection for the benefit of the general public, and improve the production and living conditions of poverty-stricken areas along the Belt and Road. We should enhance international exchanges and cooperation on culture and media, and leverage the positive role of the Internet and new media tools to foster harmonious and friendly cultural environment and public opinion.

五、合作机制V. Cooperation Mechanisms

当前，世界经济融合加速发展，区域合作方兴未艾。积极利用现有双多边合作机制，推动“一带一路”建设，促进区域合作蓬勃发展。

The world economic integration is accelerating and regional cooperation is on the upswing. China will take full advantage of the existing bilateral and multilateral cooperation mechanisms to push forward the building of the Belt and Road and to promote the development of regional cooperation.

加强双边合作，开展多层次、多渠道沟通磋商，推动双边关系全面发展。推动签署合作备忘录或合作规划，建设一批双边合作示范。建立完善双边联合工作机制，研究推进“一带一路”建设的实施方案、行动路线图。充分发挥现有联委会、混委会、协委会、指导委员会、管理委员会等双边机制作用，协调推动合作项目实施。

We should strengthen bilateral cooperation, and promote comprehensive development of bilateral relations through multilevel and multichannel communication and consultation. We should encourage the signing of cooperation MOUs or plans, and develop a number of bilateral cooperation pilot projects. We should establish and improve bilateral joint working mechanisms, and draw up implementation plans and road maps for advancing the Belt and Road Initiative. In addition, we should give full play to the existing bilateral mechanisms such as joint committee, mixed committee, coordinating committee, steering committee and management committee to coordinate and promote the implementation of cooperation projects.

强化多边合作机制作用，发挥上海合作组织（SCO）、中国－东盟“10+1”、亚太经合组织（APEC）、亚欧会议（ASEM）、亚洲合作对话（ACD）、亚信会议（CICA）、中阿合作论坛、中国－海合会战略对话、大湄公河次区域（GMS）经济合作、中亚区域经济合作（CAREC）等现有多边合作机制作用，相关国家加强沟通，让更多国家和地区参与“一带一路”建设。

We should enhance the role of multilateral cooperation mechanisms, make full use of existing mechanisms such as the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), ASEAN Plus China (10+1), Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), Asia-Europe Meeting (ASEM), Asia Cooperation Dialogue (ACD), Conference on Interaction and Confidence-Building Measures in Asia (CICA), China-Arab States Cooperation Forum (CASCF), China-Gulf Cooperation Council Strategic Dialogue, Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) Economic Cooperation, and Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation (CAREC) to strengthen communication with relevant countries, and attract more countries and regions to participate in the Belt and Road Initiative.

继续发挥沿线各国区域、次区域相关国际论坛、展会以及博鳌亚洲论坛、中国－东盟博览会、中国－亚欧博览会、欧亚经济论坛、中国国际投资贸易洽谈会，以及中国－南亚博览会、中国－阿拉伯博览会、中国西部国际博览会、中国－俄罗斯博览会、前海合作论坛等平台的建设性作用。支持沿线国家地方、民间挖掘“一带一路”历史文化遗产，联合举办专项投资、贸易、文化交流活动，办好丝绸之路（敦煌）国际文化博览会、丝绸之路国际电影节和图书展。倡议建立“一带一路”国际高峰论坛。

We should continue to encourage the constructive role of the international forums and exhibitions at regional and subregional levels hosted by countries along the Belt and Road, as well as such platforms as Boao Forum for Asia, China-ASEAN Expo, China-Eurasia Expo, Euro-Asia Economic Forum, China International Fair for Investment and Trade, China-South Asia Expo, China-Arab States Expo, Western China International Fair, China-Russia Expo, and Qianhai Cooperation Forum. We should support the local authorities and general public of countries along the Belt and Road to explore the historical and cultural heritage of the Belt and Road, jointly hold investment, trade and cultural exchange activities, and ensure the success of the Silk Road (Dunhuang) International Culture Expo, Silk Road International Film Festival and Silk Road International Book Fair. We propose to set up an international summit forum on the Belt and Road Initiative.

六、中国各地方开放态势VI. China's Regions in Pursuing Opening-Up

推进“一带一路”建设，中国将充分发挥国内各地区比较优势，实行更加积极主动的开放战略，加强东中西互动合作，全面提升开放型经济水平。

In advancing the Belt and Road Initiative, China will fully leverage the comparative advantages of its various regions, adopt a proactive strategy of further opening-up, strengthen interaction and cooperation among the eastern, western and central regions, and comprehensively improve the openness of the Chinese economy.

西北、东北地区。发挥新疆独特的区位优势和向西开放重要窗口作用，深化与中亚、南亚、西亚等国家交流合作，形成丝绸之路经济带上重要的交通枢纽、商贸物流和文化科教中心，打造丝绸之路经济带核心区。发挥陕西、甘肃综合经济文化和宁夏、青海民族人文优势，打造西安内陆型改革开放新高地，加快兰州、西宁开发开放，推进宁夏内陆开放型经济试验区建设，形成面向中亚、南亚、西亚国家的通道、商贸物流枢纽、重要产业和人文交流基地。发挥内蒙古联通俄蒙的区位优势，完善黑龙江对俄铁路通道和区域铁路网，以及黑龙江、吉

林、辽宁与俄远东地区陆海联运合作，推进构建北京－莫斯科欧亚高速运输走廊，建设向北开放的重要窗口。

Northwestern and northeastern regions. We should make good use of Xinjiang's geographic advantages and its role as a window of westward opening-up to deepen communication and cooperation with Central, South and West Asian countries, make it a key transportation, trade, logistics, culture, science and education center, and a core area on the Silk Road Economic Belt. We should give full scope to the economic and cultural strengths of Shaanxi and Gansu provinces and the ethnic and cultural advantages of the Ningxia Hui autonomous region and Q inghai province, build Xi'an into a new focus of reform and opening-up in China's interior, speed up the development and opening-up of cities such as Lanzhou and Xining, and advance the building of the Ningxia Inland Opening-up Pilot Economic Zone with the goal of creating strategic channels, trade and logistics hubs and key bases for industrial and cultural exchanges opening to Central, South and West Asian countries. We should give full play to Inner Mongolia's proximity to Mongolia and Russia, improve the railway links connecting Heilongjiang province with Russia and the regional railway network, strengthen cooperation between China's Heilongjiang, Jilin and Liaoning provinces and Russia's Far East region on sea-land multimodal transport, and advance the construction of an Eurasian high-speed transport corridor linking Beijing and Moscow with the goal of building key windows opening to the north.

西南地区。发挥广西与东盟国家陆海相邻的独特优势，加快北部湾经济区和珠江－西江经济带开放发展，构建面向东盟区域的国际通道，打造西南、中南地区开放发展新的战略支点，形成21世纪海上丝绸之路与丝绸之路经济带有机衔接的重要门户。发挥云南区位优势，推进与周边国家的国际运输通道建设，打造大湄公河次区域经济合作新高地，建设成为面向南亚、东南亚的辐射中心。推进西藏与尼泊尔等国家边境贸易和旅游文化合作。Southwestern region. We should give full play to the unique advantage of Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region as a neighbor of ASEAN countries, speed up the opening-up and development of the Beibu Gulf Economic Zone and the Pearl River-Xijiang Economic Zone, build an international corridor opening to the ASEAN region, create new strategic anchors for the opening-up and development of the southwest and mid-south regions of China, and form an important gateway connecting the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road. We should make good use of the geographic advantage of Yunnan province, advance the construction of an international transport corridor connecting China with neighboring countries, develop a new highlight of economic cooperation in the Greater Mekong Subregion, and make the region a pivot of China's opening-up to South and Southeast Asia. We should promote the border trade and tourism and culture cooperation between Tibet autonomous region and neighboring countries such as Nepal.

沿海和港澳台地区。利用长三角、珠三角、海峡西岸、环渤海等经济区开放程度高、经济实力强、辐射带动作用大的优势，加快推进中国（上海）自由贸易试验区建设，支持福建建设21世纪海上丝绸之路核心区。充分发挥深圳前海、广州南沙、珠海横琴、福建平潭等开放合作区作用，深化与港澳台合作，打造粤港澳大湾区。推进浙江海洋经济发展示范区、福建海峡蓝色经济试验区和舟山群岛新区建设，加大海南国际旅游岛开发开放力度。加强上海、天津、宁波－舟山、广州、深圳、湛江、汕头、青岛、烟台、大连、福州、厦门、泉州、海口、三亚等沿海城市港口建设，强化上海、广州等国际枢纽机场功能。以扩大开放倒逼深层次改

革，创新开放型经济体制机制，加大科技创新力度，形成参与和引领国际合作竞争新优势，成为“一带一路”特别是21世纪海上丝绸之路建设的排头兵和主力军。发挥海外侨胞以及香港、澳门特别行政区独特优势作用，积极参与和助力“一带一路”建设。为台湾地区参与“一带一路”建设作出妥善安排。

Coastal regions, and Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan. We should leverage the strengths of the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, west coast of the Taiwan Straits, Bohai Rim, and other areas with economic zones boasting a high level of openness, robust economic strengths and strong catalytic role, speed up the development of the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone, and support Fujian province in becoming a core area of the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road. We should give full scope to the role of Qianhai (Shenzhen), Nansha (Guangzhou), Hengqin (Zhuhai) and Pingtan (Fujian) in opening-up and cooperation, deepen their cooperation with Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, and help to build the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Big Bay Area. We should promote the development of the Zhejiang Marine Economy Development Demonstration Zone, Fujian Marine Economic Pilot Zone and Zhoushan Archipelago New Area, and further open Hainan province as an international tourism island. We should strengthen the port construction of coastal cities such as Shanghai, Tianjin, Ningbo-Zhoushan, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Zhanjiang, Shantou, Qingdao, Yantai, Dalian, Fuzhou, Xiamen, Quanzhou, Haikou and Sanya, and strengthen the functions of international hub airports such as Shanghai and Guangzhou. We should use opening-up to motivate these areas to carry out deeper reform, create new systems and mechanisms of open economy, step up scientific and technological innovation, develop new advantages for participating in and leading international cooperation and compet ition, and become the pacesetter and main force in the Belt and Road Initiative, particularly the building of the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road. We should leverage the unique role of overseas Chinese and the Hong Kong and Macao Special Administrative Regions, and encourage them to participate in and contribute to the Belt and Road Initiative. We should also make proper arrangements for the Taiwan region to be part of this effort.

内陆地区。利用内陆纵深广阔、人力资源丰富、产业基础较好优势，依托长江中游城市群、成渝城市群、中原城市群、呼包鄂榆城市群、哈长城市群等重点区域，推动区域互动合作和产业集聚发展，打造重庆西部开发开放重要支撑和成都、郑州、武汉、长沙、南昌、合肥等内陆开放型经济高地。加快推动长江中上游地区和俄罗斯伏尔加河沿岸联邦区的合作。建立中欧通道铁路运输、口岸通关协调机制，打造“中欧班列”品牌，建设沟通境内外、连接东中西的运输通道。支持郑州、西安等内陆城市建设航空港、国际陆港，加强内陆口岸与沿海、沿边口岸通关合作，开展跨境贸易电子商务服务试点。优化海关特殊监管区域布局，创新加工贸易模式，深化与沿线国家的产业合作。

Inland regions. We should make use of the advantages of inland regions, including a vast landmass, rich human resources and a strong industrial foundation, focus on such key regions as the city clusters along the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, around Chengdu and Chongqing, in central Henan province, around Hohhot, Baotou, Erdos and Yulin, and around Harbin and Changchun to propel regional interaction and cooperation and industrial concentration. We should build Chongqing into an important pivot for developing and opening up the we stern region, and make Chengdu, Zhengzhou, Wuhan, Changsha, Nanchang and Hefei leading areas of opening-up in the inland regions. We should accelerate cooperation between regions on the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River and their counterparts along Russia's Volga River.

We should set up coordination mechanisms in terms of railway transport and port customs clearance for the China-Europe corridor, cultivate the brand of "China-Europe freight trains," and construct a cross-border transport corridor connecting the eastern, central and western regions. We should support inland cities such as Zhengzhou and Xi'an in building airports and international land ports, strengthen customs clearance cooperation between inland ports and ports in the coastal and border regions, and launch pilot e-commerce services for cross-border trade. We should optimize the layout of special customs oversight areas, develop new models of processing trade.

七、中国积极行动VII. China in Action

一年多来，中国政府积极推动“一带一路”建设，加强与沿线国家的沟通磋商，推动与沿线国家的务实合作，实施了一系列政策措施，努力收获早期成果。

For more than a year, the Chinese government has been actively promoting the building of the Belt and Road, enhancing communication and consultation and advancing practical cooperation with countries along the Belt and Road, and introduced a series of policies and measures for early outcomes.

高层引领推动。习近平主席、李克强总理等国家领导人先后出访20多个国家，出席加强互联互通伙伴关系对话会、中阿合作论坛第六届部长级会议，就双边关系和地区发展问题，多次与有关国家元首和政府首脑进行会晤，深入阐释“一带一路”的深刻内涵和积极意义，就共建“一带一路”达成广泛共识。

High-level guidance and facilitation. President Xi Jinping and Premier Li Keqiang have visited over 20 countries, attended the Dialogue on Strengthening Connectivity Partnership and the sixth ministerial conference of the China-Arab States Cooperation Forum, and met with leaders of relevant countries to discuss bilateral relations and regional development issues. They have used these opportunities to explain the rich content and positive implications of the Belt and Road Initiative, and their efforts have helped bring about a broad consensus on the Belt and Road Initiative.

签署合作框架。与部分国家签署了共建“一带一路”合作备忘录，与一些毗邻国家签署了地区合作和边境合作的备忘录以及经贸合作中长期发展规划。研究编制与一些毗邻国家的地区合作规划纲要。

Signing cooperation framework. China has signed MOUs of cooperation on the joint development of the Belt and Road with some countries, and on regional cooperation and border cooperation and mid-and long-term development plans for economic and trade cooperation with some neighboring countries. It has proposed outlines of regional cooperation plans with some adjacent countries.

推动项目建设。加强与沿线有关国家的沟通磋商，在基础设施互联互通、产业投资、资源开发、经贸合作、金融合作、人文交流、生态保护、海上合作等领域，推进了一批条件成熟的重点合作项目。

Promoting project cooperation. China has enhanced communication and consultation with countries along the Belt and Road, and promoted a number of key coop eration projects in the fields of infrastructure connectivity, industrial investment, resource development, economic and trade cooperation, financial cooperation, cultural exchanges, ecological protection and maritime cooperation where the conditions are right.

完善政策措施。中国政府统筹国内各种资源，强化政策支持。推动亚洲基础设施投资银行筹建，发起设立丝路基金，强化中国－欧亚经济合作基金投资功能。推动银行卡清算机构开展跨境清算业务和支付机构开展跨境支付业务。积极推进投资贸易便利化，推进区域通关一体化改革。

Improving policies and measures. The Chinese government will integrate its domestic resources to provide stronger policy support for the Initiative. It will facilitate the establishment of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank. China has proposed the Silk Road Fund, and the investment function of the China-Eurasia Economic Cooperation Fund will be reinforced. We will encourage bank card clearing institutions to conduct cross-border clearing operations, and payment institutions to conduct cross-border payment business. We will actively promote investment and trade facilitation, and accelerate the reform of integrated regional customs clearance.

发挥平台作用。各地成功举办了一系列以“一带一路”为主题的国际峰会、论坛、研讨会、博览会，对增进理解、凝聚共识、深化合作发挥了重要作用。

Boosting the role of cooperation platforms. A number of international summits, forums, seminars and expos on the theme of the Belt and Road Initiative have been held, which have played an important role in increasing mutual understanding, reaching consensus and deepening cooperation.

八、共创美好未来VIII. Embracing a Brighter Future Together

共建“一带一路”是中国的倡议，也是中国与沿线国家的共同愿望。站在新的起点上，中国愿与沿线国家一道，以共建“一带一路”为契机，平等协商，兼顾各方利益，反映各方诉求，携手推动更大范围、更高水平、更深层次的大开放、大交流、大融合。“一带一路”建设是开放的、包容的，欢迎世界各国和国际、地区组织积极参与。

Though proposed by China, the Belt and Road Initiative is a common aspiration of all countries along their routes. China is ready to conduct equal-footed consultation with all countries along the Belt and Road to seize the opportunity provided by the Initiative, promote opening-up, communication and integration among countries in a larger scope, with higher standards and at deeper levels, while giving consideration to the interests and aspirations of all parties. The development of the Belt and Road is open and inclusive, and we welcome the active participation of all countries and international and regional organizations in this Initiative.

共建“一带一路”的途径是以目标协调、政策沟通为主，不刻意追求一致性，可高度灵活，富有弹性，是多元开放的合作进程。中国愿与沿线国家一道，不断充实完善“一带一路”的

合作内容和方式，共同制定时间表、路线图，积极对接沿线国家发展和区域合作规划。The development of the Belt and Road should mainly be conducted through policy communication and objectives coordination. It is a pluralistic and open process of cooperation which can be highly flexible, and does not seek conformity. China will join other countries along the Belt and Road to substantiate and improve the content and mode of the Belt and Road cooperation, work out relevant timetables and road maps, and align national development programs and regional cooperation plans.

中国愿与沿线国家一道，在既有双多边和区域次区域合作机制框架下，通过合作研究、论坛展会、人员培训、交流访问等多种形式，促进沿线国家对共建“一带一路”内涵、目标、任务等方面的进一步理解和认同。

China will work with countries along the Belt and Road to carry out joint research, forums and fairs, personnel training, exchanges and visits under the framework of existing bilateral, multilateral, regional and subregional cooperation mechanisms, so that they will gain a better understanding and recognition of the contents, objectives and tasks of the Belt and Road Initiative.

中国愿与沿线国家一道，稳步推进示范项目建设，共同确定一批能够照顾双多边利益的项目，对各方认可、条件成熟的项目抓紧启动实施，争取早日开花结果。

China will work with countries along the Belt and Road to steadily advance demonstration projects, jointly identify programs that accommodate bilateral and multilateral interests, and accelerate the launching of programs that are agreed upon by parties and ready for implementation, so as to ensure early harvest.

“一带一路”是一条互尊互信之路，一条合作共赢之路，一条文明互鉴之路。只要沿线各国和衷共济、相向而行，就一定能够谱写建设丝绸之路经济带和21世纪海上丝绸之路的新篇章，让沿线各国人民共享“一带一路”共建成果。

The Belt and Road cooperation features mutual respect and trust, mutual benefit and win-win cooperation, and mutual learning between civilizations. As long as all countries along the Belt and Road make concerted efforts to pursue our common goal, there will be bright prospects for the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road, and the people of countries along the Belt and Road can all benefit from this Initiative.

酷睿i系列处理器介绍

酷睿i系列处理器介绍以及如何选择 文章编号:43208 2011-8-12 9:37:38 新酷睿处理器从发布到现在也有很长一段时间了，几乎市面上所有的主流笔记本都能见到它。“32nm”，“超线程技术”，“智能处理器”和“睿频加速”等词语也开始被大家所接受。我们将在后面为大家详细解剖这些术 语，为大家理性选择合适的处理器作参考。 首先还是要介绍下新酷睿家族的身份。我们以酷睿i5-450M举例说明：“i”是酷睿处理器的标志，“5”是主流级别处理器，相对应的“7”和“3”分别对应高端和入门级别。数字450代表处理器的详细规格，同型号处理器，数字越大说明越高端。字母“M”代表移动版CPU，如果前面出现了“Q”、“L”和“U”，则分别代表着“四核 处理器”、“低电压处理器”和“超低电压处理器”。 下面我们来为大家详解一下上面提到的一些术语。 1、“32nm技术”：我们都知道在PC业界英特尔大名鼎鼎的“摩尔定律”：其实这得益于英特尔大名鼎鼎的“摩尔定律”：简单地说就是集成电路芯片上所集成的晶体管的数目，每隔18个月就翻一番;微处理器的性能每隔18个月就提高一倍，而价格下降一半。由此可以推测，到了未来笔记本处理器的制程更加先进：到了2011年底，采用22纳米制造工艺的处理器开始量产。

也许AMD和Intel的竞争会加速摩尔定律的失效 新酷睿i犀利处理器家族均采用了业界最强的英特尔32nm Nehalem微架构，新一代32nm高K制造工艺让芯片可以做的更小，新技术的采用在减小芯片体积的同时带来了极低的能量损耗，这使得核心的发热量大为减少。而这种技术就也同时催生了一个新技术，即“一颗芯片，两颗核心”――集成显示核心单元(GPU)被封装在处理器(CPU)?取Ｊ?据传输速度获得大幅度提升。

酷睿系列CPU型号前字母的含义

酷睿系列CPU型号前字母的含义 目前酷睿2双核中，CPU类型还分E系，Q系，T系，X系，P系，L系，U系，S 系 E系就是普通的台机的双核CPU，功率65W左右 Q系就是四核CPU，功率会在100W-150W T系是普通的笔记本CPU，功率在35W或者31W X系是酷睿2双核至尊版，笔记本的X系CPU的功率是45W，台机的X系的CPU功率是100W左右 P系是迅驰5的低电压CPU，功率25W L系是迅驰4的低电压CPU，功率17W U系是迅驰4的超低电压CPU，功率5.5W S系是小封装系列，SL的功率是12W，SP的笔记本目前还没有上市，功率未知有些CPU的前面是QX的，目前有的QX系列CPU全部都是台式机的，功率在125W左右，今后会有一款QX9300的笔记本CPU，功率是45W Intel 双核的E系列的CPU有： 名称与型号核数具体参数参考价格 奔腾双核E 2140(散) 双核1.6G/800MHz/1MB/65nm/65W 375 奔腾双核E 2160(散) 双核1.8G/800MHz/1MB/65nm/65W 390 奔腾双核E 2160(盒) 双核1.8G/800MHz/1MB/65nm/65W 430 奔腾双核E 2180(散) 双核2.0G/800MHz/1MB/65nm/65W 425 奔腾双核E 2180(盒) 双核2.0G/800MHz/1MB/65nm/65W 465 奔腾双核E 2200(散) 双核2.2G/800MHz/1MB/65nm/65W 445 奔腾双核E 2200(盒) 双核2.2G/800MHz/1MB/65nm/65W 470 酷睿2 E4300(散) 双核1.8G/800MHz/2MB/65nm/65W 640 酷睿2 E4400(散) 双核2.0G/800MHz/2MB/65nm/65W 670 酷睿2 E4500(散) 双核2.2G/800MHz/2MB/65nm/65W 710 酷睿2 E4500(盒) 双核2.2G/800MHz/2MB/65nm/65W 730 酷睿2 E4600(散) 双核2.4G/800MHz/2MB/65nm/65W 730 酷睿2 E4600(盒) 双核2.4G/800MHz/2MB/65nm/65W 760 酷睿2 E6300(散) 双核1.86G/1066MHz/2MB/65nm/VT 840 酷睿2 E6320(散) 双核1.86G/1066MHz/4MB/65nm/VT 830 酷睿2 E6400(散) 双核2.13G/1066MHz/2MB/65nm/VT 880 酷睿2 E6420(散) 双核2.13G/1066MHz/4MB/65nm/VT 940 酷睿2 E6600(散) 双核2.4G/1066MHz/4MB/65nm/VT 1220 酷睿2 E6700(散) 双核2.66G/1066MHz/4MB/65nm/VT 1240 酷睿2 E6550(散) 双核2.33G/1333MHz/4MB/65nm/VT 1010 酷睿2 E6550(盒) 双核2.33G/1333MHz/4MB/65nm/VT 1100 酷睿2 E6750(散) 双核2.66G/1333MHz/4MB/65nm/VT 1100 酷睿2 E6750(盒) 双核2.66G/1333MHz/4MB/65nm/VT 1200

I3 I5 I7笔记本处理器详解

2010年1月8日，英特尔发布了2010年最新产品，酷睿I3 I5 I7三种处理器，采用这3种处理器的新品笔记本电脑一面世就产生强烈的反响，很多朋友都对这些新品笔记本产生了浓厚的兴趣。网上对这些新品笔记本电脑的点击量也是不断上升，但是，这三种新处理器又让不少消费者头疼，到底应该选择哪一型号处理器的笔记本，哪一种才是真正适合自己的呢？今天，我为大家收集了一些关于这三种型号处理器的资料，希望对大家有帮助，能够让大家选到适合自己的型号。 下面我们先来看看酷睿I系列CPU的主要特点。I系列的CPU基于最新的Nehalem微架构，共有4 个主要特点： 1、英特尔睿频加速技术（仅限于英特尔酷睿I5和酷睿I7处理器） 内核运行动态加速。可以根据需要开启、关闭以及加速单个内核的运行。例如，在一个四核的Nehalem微架构处理器中，如果一个任务只需要两个内核，可以关闭另外两个内核的运行，同时把工作的两个内核的运行主频提高。如果任务只需要一个内核，可以关闭其他的三个内核，同时把工作的一个内核提高到更高的主频运行。这样动态的调整可以提高系统和CPU整体的能效比率。 相当于自动超频，比如2.8G的CPU在运行某些大型程序时睿频技术可以自动超到3.4G，且不需要任何手动设置，也就不会造成以往手动超频带来的死机、散热等问题。所以说，带睿频技术的酷睿I CPU的速度比同频率的CPU速度至少快30%！（这是酷睿I系列为普通用户带来的最直接的好处！） 2、英特尔高清显卡（仅限于xDale产品 Clarkdale/Arrandale） 业界第一次将“高清图形引擎”融合到处理器中。 业内首款内置“高清图形引擎”。能让办公应用速度提高15%，视频制作速度提高33%，多媒体应用 速度提高38%。 3、英特尔超线程技术（仅限于英特尔酷睿I3,I5,I7处理器） 采用第三代超线程技术，四核心时多大八个线程。 同时处理多任务的能力更强大！如果说以前的酷睿能支持魔兽世界双开，那现在就能支持4开！ 4、支持虚拟化设备输入/输出（VT-d） 在之前以虚拟化CPU为主的基础上增加设备输入/输出的虚拟化，能有效提高虚拟机的性能和效率。 是指虚拟化系统对硬件的支持，这样用户可以在以太电脑上虚拟化多个系统，电脑一样稳定且支持

酷睿处理器全面解析

返璞归真：酷睿处理器全面解析 文章来源:PC Labs 中国实验室作者:其他 2006-11-30 在奔腾及其以前的微处理器发展阶段，x86家族处理器的走势是以英特尔为代表，AMD、Cyrix等兼容微处理器厂商紧紧跟随为基本特征的。这一时期各家处理器厂商的产品彼此兼容，可以共处于同一开放的主板平台，英特尔当时专心设计制造微处理器，在486及更早的时候并不参与配套主板芯片组的开发。自奔腾时代开始，英特尔开始自主研发与奔腾配套的主板芯片组和相应主板产品，先后推出了Socket 5/Socket 7接口的奔腾主板，但是英特尔的芯片组对AMD和Cyrix等兼容处理器厂商是开放的，奔腾主板同样可以容纳AMD的K5和Cyrix的6x86处理器。但是英特尔不可能让自己的竞争对手在自己的主板平台上做大，它要在配套平台技术给自己的竞争对手设置障碍。于是，全新的并且受到专利技术保护的P6微架构出现了…… 前传：酷睿处理器的前生 奔腾Pro 1995年问世的奔腾Pro处理器（又称“高能奔腾”）在当时并不受重视，但是从现在的角度看，这可是一颗了不起的处理器，因为它是P6微处理器架构的开创者，打开了x86家族技术发展的新纪元。此后问世的奔腾II、奔腾III、奔腾M及其低价简化版赛扬、酷睿乃至酷睿2处理器，都是P6微处理器架构的继承者，绵延至今香火不断，并且即将重新占据从服务器、工作站、个人电脑乃以移动电脑的全部应用领域，由此可见奔腾Pro开创的P6架构之经典，技术特征之先进。 奔腾Pro处理器具备三个整数运算单元和一个浮点运算单元，三个整数运算单元可以同时并行执行三条指令，并且当三条指令有冲突时仍可并行执行，相比之下奔腾处理器只能并行执行两条指令，并且两条指令是不能有冲突的。奔腾Pro的一级缓存容量和奔腾一样，有16KB，其中包括8KB指令高速缓冲存储器和8KB数据高速缓冲存储器。奔腾Pro的精华在于其核心集成了256KB或者512KB的二级缓存，这一点在现在看来稀松平常，但是在当时可是了不起的杰作，此前所有的人——既包括工程师也包括普通用户，都认为二级缓存应该是主板的标准组成部分之一，从没有人想过可以把二级缓存内置于处理器中。二级缓存集成在主板上可以使成本降低，用户可以自由配置二级缓存容量的大小，但是主板集成二级缓存的致命缺点就是二级缓存的运行频率和主板外频一致，例如486主板的二级缓存标准运行速度是25MHz/33MHz/66MHz，奔腾主板的二级缓存标准运行频率是60MHz/66MHz。所以为了提高微处理器的性能，除了改进核心提升工作主频以外，将二级缓存内置于处理器核心使其能保持与处理器主频相同的工作频率也是一个好办法。奔腾Pro将二级缓存内置于核心，大大提升了处理器的性能。为了将竞争对手甩开，英特尔为奔腾Pro所采用的架构申请了专利，受到专利技术保护的配套主板平台是AMD等兼容厂商无权享受的，此后的P6微架构处理器和配套平台一直延续了这样的“排外”政策。 奔腾Pro处理器的核心经过特别优化，可以高效处理32位代码，因此它是运行Windows NT的最佳微处理器；但是在运行16位/32位混合代码的Windows 95操作系统时，性能就不如同主频的奔腾MMX了。所以在当时Windows

酷睿i3_i5_i7处理器深度剖析比对

◆模组化设计再建新功，CPU中塞进GPU 模组化设计的Nehalem微架构，可灵活组合 英特尔在去年发布的Nehalem微架构非常成功，关键在于它采用可扩展的技术，每个处理器单元均采用了Building Block模组化设计，组件包括有：核心数量、SMT功能、L3缓存容量、QPI连接数量、IMC数量、内存类型、内存通道数量、整合GPU、能耗和时钟频率等，这些组件均可自由组合，以满足多种性能需求，比如可以组合成双核心、四核心甚至八核心的处理器。 正因为这样的模组化设计，英特尔可以灵活的制造出各种差异化的核心，比如在CPU中加入三通道DDR3内存控制器就是Bloomfield核心（研发代号，Core i7-900系列），加入双通道DDR3控制器和PCI-E 2.0控制器就变成了Lynnfield 核心（Core i7-800/i5-700系列）。

1月8日，英特尔推出2010全新Core（酷睿）处理器家族 到了2010年，英特尔将GPU图形单元和CPU核心组合在一起，再加上双通道DDR3控制器和PCI-E 2.0控制器，搭配出了全新的Clarkdale核心（Core i5-600/i3-500系列），也就是本文的主角。严格上说，Clarkdale核心是基于Westmere微架构的，不过Westmere只能算是Nehalem的轻微改良版。 Clarkdale是CPU史上首款整合有GPU的处理器，同时也是首款采用32nm 制程技术的CPU，具有开创性的历史意义。 在2010年1月8日，英特尔正式发布了Clarkdale核心的处理器，这样它与之前上市的Bloomfield核心和Lynnfied核心处理器组成了全新的Core（酷睿）处理器家族，即Core i7/i5/i3系列处理器，形成一个完整的高中低产品线。

英特尔i系列处理器技术参数

i3处理器 系统处理器 号内核/ 线程数时钟 速度英特尔? 智能高速缓存芯片英特尔? 睿频加速技术?1 英特尔? 超线程（HT）技术?2 标准电压处理器 i3-350M 2 个内核 / 4 条线程 2.26 GHz 3 MB 32 纳米否是 i3-330M 2 个内核 / 4 条线程 2.13 GHz 3 MB 32 纳米否是 超低电压处理器 i3-330UM 2 个内核 / 4 条线程 1.20 GHz 3 MB 32 纳米否是 i3-540 2 个内核 / 4 条线程 3.06 GHz 4 MB 32 纳米否是 i3-530 2 个内核 / 4 条线程 2.93 GHz 4 MB 32 纳米否是 i5处理器 系统处理器 号内核/ 线程时钟 速度英特尔? 智能高速缓存芯片英特尔? 睿频加速技术?1 英特尔? 超线程（HT）技术?2 英特尔? 高清显卡（HD Graphics）技术?3 标准电压处理器 i5-540M 2 个内核/ 4 条线程 2.53 GHz，采用英特尔? 睿频加速技术后高达3.06 GHz 3 MB 32 纳米是是是 i5-520M 2 个内核/ 4 条线程 2.40 GHz，采用英特尔? 睿频加速技术后高达2.93 GHz 3 MB 32 纳米是是是 i5-430M 2 个内核/ 4 条线程 2.26 GHz，采用英特尔? 睿频加速技术后高达2.53 GHz 3 MB 32 纳米是是是 超低电压处理器 i5-540UM 2 个内核 / 4 条线程 1.20 GHz 3 MB 32 纳米是是是 i5-520UM 2 个内核/ 4 条线程 1.06 GHz，采用英特尔? 睿频加速技术后高达1.86 GHZ 3 MB 32 纳米是是是 i5-430UM 2 个内核 / 4 条线程 1.20 GHz 3 MB 32 纳米是是是

酷睿处理器命名规则

英特尔酷睿处理器命名规则 前面酷睿和iX标识和上一代完全相同的，不做更多介绍。变化主要是中间四位数字和最后两位字母。 第一位“4”：代表英特尔酷睿第四代处理器； 第二位“5”“6”“7”“8”“9”：这些数字代表处理器等级排序，数字越大性能等级相对越高；第三位“3”“5”“0”：这一位基本上就是对应核芯显卡的型号，其中“3”代表高性能处理器配HD 4600；“5”代表核芯显卡采用的是Iris 5000、5100或者Pro 5200；而“0”则是HD 4600；第四位“0”“2”“8”：“0”在标准电压中代表47W，而在低电压中是代表15W；“2”则代表37W，“8”在低电压处理器中代表28W； 第五位“MX”“HQ”“MQ”“U”：字母“MX”代表旗舰级，“HQ”封装方式FCBGA1364，并且部分支持Trusted Execution Technology和博锐技术，“MQ”版本封装方式FCBGA946， “U”代表超低电压以15W和28为主； 英特尔官方网站首批移动版酷睿i7处理器共有14款，其中TDP为57W的只有一款，就是之前我们评测过的酷睿i7-4930MX，不过其搭载的核芯显卡是HD 4600，并不是大家想看到的Iris Pro 5200。另外，酷睿i7 M、H系列也有细微的区别，初看后可能会认为H代表高性能、M代表主流。结果恰恰相反，M系列CPU频率比H系列更高，只是GPU没有使用最好的GT3e，旗舰型号Core i7-4930MQ的热设计功耗也唯一达到了57W。 除了酷睿i7外，官方网站也展示了酷睿i5和酷睿i3的具体规格。酷睿i5和i3低电压版分为U和Y两种系列，命名规则中主要也区别在后四位上。拿其中的酷睿i5-4200Y和酷睿i5-4258U为例，第一位“4”是第四代酷睿处理器；第二位的“2”则是产品序列，个人理解理论上数字越高性能越好；第三位数字“5”代表的是核芯显卡系列HD 5000以及Iris（锐矩）5100，“0”和“1”都是HD 4400和HD 4200；第四位“0”代表15W，而如果标注数字是“8”的，TDP 则是28W，最后一位字母U依然代表低电压，而全新的“Y”字母则代表更低功耗的11.5W。注：在表格中有一项SDP是之前没有过的，英特尔以往使用热设计功耗(TDP)来衡量计算机在最差情况下的功耗，即CPU全速运行一段时间的功耗。目前，英特尔引入了一个新概念，即场景设计功耗(SDP)。这主要衡量计算机在媒体播放等轻量级应用下的功耗。英特尔将以SDP来衡量用于平板电脑和笔记本的的处理器。可以看到，只有超低功耗的11.5W处理器上才会有SDP场景设计功能。 附：酷睿i7处理器中core i7 4710MQ 排名在五名左右（联想Y400-430笔记本系列CPU）

Intel cpu后缀含义

关于英特尔?处理器号 在为满足计算机需求选购合适的处理器时，处理器号是除处理器品牌、特定系统配置和系统级性能指标评测以外的一个重要考虑因素。 在同一处理器等级或家族内，编号越高表示处理器的特性越多，但可能某一特性较强而另一特性较弱。当您确定了需要购买的处理器品牌或型号后，您可通过比较处理器号来确定该处理器是否具有您需要的特性。 查看处理器规格并比较处理器 > 查看处理器性能指标评测 > 笔记本电脑、台式机和移动设备处理器 第四代智能英特尔?酷睿?处理器家族 第四代智能英特尔?酷睿?处理器的编号采用基于一种字母数字方案，即以品牌及其标识符开头，随后是代编号和产品系列。四个数字序列中的第一个数字表示处理器的代编号，接下来的三位数是 SKU 编号。在适用的情况下，处理器名称末尾有一个代表处理器系列的字母后缀。 英特尔?高端台式机处理器依其各自的功能组合采用不同的编号方案。获得详细信息 >

英特尔?酷睿?2 处理器家族品牌的处理器号采用带有一个字母前缀的四位数字序列进行分类。下表列出了

英特尔?酷睿?2 四核处理器家族的处理器号由一个字母前缀和 4 位数字序列组成。此外，低功耗英特尔?酷睿?2 四核处理器可通过“S”后缀（表明该处理器热设计功耗较低）进行辨认。 英特尔?凌动?处理器 英特尔?凌动?处理器家族的处理器号采用三位数字序列进行分类。上网本级英特尔?凌动?处理器的字母前缀为 N，用于移动互联网终端（MID）的英特尔凌动处理器的字母前缀为 Z。 在同一处理器等级或家族内，编号越大通常表示特性越多。拥有较高编号的处理器可能某种特性较强，而另一特性较弱。 英特尔?奔腾?处理器 英特尔奔腾品牌处理器号由一个字母前缀和一个由四位字符数字组成的序列号构成。所有英特尔?奔腾?品牌处理器均为高能效双核台式机处理器，TDP 不低于 65 瓦。 在同一处理器等级或家族内，编号越高表示特性越多，如高速缓存、时钟速度、前端总线或其它英特尔技术。1拥有较高编号的处理器可能某种特性较强，而另一特性较弱。 英特尔?赛扬?处理器 英特尔?赛扬?品牌的处理器号以三位数字序列或五位字符序列（一个字母前缀和四个数字）表示，具体表示方式视处理器类型而定。 在同一处理器等级或家族内，编号越高表示特性越多，如高速缓存、时钟速度、前端总线或其它英特尔技术。1拥有较高编号的处理器可能某种特性较强，而另一特性较弱。

英特尔i系列笔记本cpu型号详解

英特尔? 酷睿? 处理器家族的处理器号由一个字母前缀/ 数字识别码和一个由三位数字组成的序列号构成。 在同一处理器等级或家族内，编号越高表示特性越多，包括：高速缓存、时钟速度、前端总线、英特尔? 快速通道互联、新指令或其它英特尔技术1。拥有较高编号的处理器可能某一特性较强，而另一特性较弱。 英特尔? 酷睿?2 处理器家族品牌的处理器号采用带有一个字母前缀的四位数字序列进行分类。下表列出了英特尔? 酷睿?2 处理器家族的字母前缀。 字母前缀说明 QX 用于台式机或移动式至尊性能四核处理器 X 用于台式机或笔记本电脑的至尊性能双核处理器 Q 用于台式机的四核高性能处理器 E TDP 不低于 55W 的高能效双核台式机处理器 T 移动式高能效处理器（TDP 为 30 至 39 瓦） P 移动式高能效处理器（TDP 为 20 至 29 瓦） L 移动式高能效处理器（TDP 为 12 至 19 瓦） U TDP 不超过 11.9W 的移动式超高能效处理器 S 采用 22x22 BGA 封装的移动式小型产品 所有英特尔? 酷睿? i3 移动式处理器都具有以下特性： ?英特尔? 超线程（HT）技术 ?增强型英特尔SpeedStep? 技术 .英特尔? 虚拟化技术 1 .英特尔? 病毒防护技术 2 .英特尔? 64 架构Δ

Processor Number Cache Clock Speed Max TDP Memory Type Intel? HD Graphics Number of Cores i3-380UM 3 MB SmartCache 1.33 GHz 18 W DDR3-800 MHz 2 i3-380M 3 MB SmartCache 2.53 GHz 35 W DDR3-800/1066 MHz 2 i3-370M 3 MB SmartCache 2. 4 GHz 3 5 W DDR3-800/1066 MHz 2 i3-350M 3 MB SmartCache 2.26 GHz 35 W DDR3-800/1066 MHz 2 i3-330UM 3 MB SmartCache 1.2 GHz 18 W DDR3-800 MHz 2 i3-330M 3 MB SmartCache 2.13 GHz 35 W DDR3-800/1066 MHz 2 i3-330E 3 MB SmartCache 2.13 GHz 35 W DDR3-800/1066 MHz 2 Processor Number = 处理器编号 Cache = 高速缓存 Clock Speed = 时钟速度 Max TDP = 最大散热设计功耗（TDP ） Memory Type = 内存类型 Intel? HD Graphics = 英特尔? HD 显卡 Number of Cores = 内核数 所有英特尔? 酷睿? i5 移动式处理器都具有以下特性： ? 英特尔? 睿频加速技术1 ? 英特尔? 超线程（HT ）技术 ? 增强型英特尔 SpeedStep? 技术 . 英特尔? 虚拟化技术 2 . 英特尔? 病毒防护技术 3 . 英特尔? 64 架构 Δ Processor Number Cache Clock Speed Max TDP Memory Type Intel? HD Graphics Number of Cores

别只看表面 英特尔七代酷睿深度解析(全文)

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懒的思考已经成为了大众的标签。假如您正是像我说的这类人群，其实您只要知道任何技术崇尚的都是买新不买旧，七代酷睿是最新的处理平台，必然是最好也是最值得买的就可以了，对于更深的技术细节没有必要去了解。 当然，如果您喜欢刨根问底并且想从多个维度来了解最新的七代酷睿平台，那下面的内容十分有价值，读完它们您将能够全方位立体化的了解到英特尔的七代酷睿平台。此外，您也可直接跳到最后一页，看看哪些七代酷睿游戏产品值得选购。2重芯开始打破“传统”的改变习惯成自然是我十分信奉的一则至理名言，在这十年的媒体从业经历中，一些事情早已从习惯成为了自然，其中就包括英特尔对于处理芯片的更新。英特尔针对处理芯片的更新采用的是钟摆模式（Tick-Tock），到今天已经有十来年的时间，钟摆模式一年架构更新一年制程更新的规律培养了像我这样广大媒体 人的习惯，很多时候看到文章内容中制程或架构的评析就能够知道，噢，原来又过了一年了。 然而这种习惯在这两年却有种戛然而止的感觉，实际上去年英特尔就应该切换到10nm制程，制程研发方面的困难，英特尔迅速调整了技术路线，决定将14nm制程延伸使用，采取优化迭代的方式，推出了相当于之前Haswell Reflesh 地位的第七代酷睿处理器——Kaby Lake。至此，Tick-Tock 节奏改变为同一代制程包含革新、优化、架构迭代三个步骤，

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Intel 酷睿系列双核CPU 型号制程L2 主频FSB 核心虚拟化|超线程|节电|64位|防病毒 T7800 65nm 4MB 2.60 800 2 Yes T7600 65nm 4MB 2.33 667 2 Yes NO Yes Yes Yes T7500 65nm 4MB 2.20 800 2 Yes T7400 65nm 4MB 2.16 667 2 Yes NO Yes Yes Yes T7300 65nm 4MB 2.00 800 2 Yes T7250 65nm 2MB 2.00 800 2 Yes T7200 65nm 4MB 2.00 667 2 Yes NO Yes Yes Yes T7100 65nm 2MB 1.80 800 2 Yes T5600 65nm 2MB 1.83 667 2 Yes NO Yes Yes Yes T5500 65nm 2MB 1.66 667 2 NO NO Yes Yes Yes T5300 65nm 2MB 1.73 533 2 NO NO Yes Yes Yes T5200 65nm 2MB 1.60 533 2 NO NO Yes Yes Yes L7500 65nm 4MB 1.60 800 L7400 65nm 4MB 1.50 667 2 Yes NO Yes Yes Yes L7300 65nm 4MB 1.40 800 2 L7200 65nm 4MB 1.33 667 2 Yes NO Yes Yes Yes T2700 65nm 2MB 2.33 667 2 Yes NO Yes NO Yes T2600 65nm 2MB 2.16 667 2 Yes NO Yes NO Yes T2500 65nm 2MB 2.00 667 2 Yes NO Yes NO Yes T2450 65nm 2MB 2.00 533 2 Yes NO Yes NO Yes T2400 65nm 2MB 1.83 667 2 Yes NO Yes NO Yes T2350 65nm 2MB 1.86 533 2 NO NO Yes NO Yes T2300 65nm 2MB 1.66 667 2 Yes NO Yes NO Yes

cpu知识介绍

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我的i7已经锁死在1.995G的速度了，相当于2G的运行速度，毕竟相差不会超过1%

之后在桌面的那个声音控制旁边，你可以找到这个电源设置，然后就可以快速切换是否开关睿频的设置了。 没有的朋友可以在那个地方的高级设置里面把它设置出来。

那么我们的设置已经完成了。到我们需要不开睿频的时候我们就可以直接选择我的那个“游戏”。 因为在跟很多网友交流的时候，发现如果睿频开了， 那么机器发热一大，那么显卡就会自动降频，所以关掉睿频反而能流畅的游戏。 下面我们看看关掉了睿频前和之后的性能对比！实际上我的i7关闭睿频掉性能应该影响还是比较大的，估计是i5的话会更加好比较i5的主频是比i7要高的。i7主要是物理四核。我是硬件控啊！ 相信很多朋友也看过我的拆机帖，像我那样的人就算是买了i5最后也是会换个QS的i7的，所以我就直接上了i7了这回，毕竟在外国也不好找CPU换。 不废话，直接上图吧！

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Nehalem、Westmere、Sandybridge三种处理器架构 全新架构的Core i系列的确非常诱人，但也很烦人。从技术方面来讲，同为Core i系列产品线，居然拥有两种不同的CPU和接口、三种截然不同的架构。在型号命名方面来讲，共有三种型号i7/i5/i3，但这三种型号并没有与三种架构相对应，三种型号又被细分为五大系列，让消费者一头雾水…… 为了帮助大家深刻认识Intel Core i产品线，理清Intel处理器及平台的技术和特色，并找到适合自己的产品，笔者特意将Intel全线产品的规格型号整理出来，并按照核心架构的不同分类介绍给大家，供选购时参考。 Bloomfield核心：Core i7 9XX

★ 首批Core i7：965X、940、920三款 2008年10月，Intel正式发布了Nehalem架构的Core i7 965/940/920三款处理器以及X58芯片组，这是Intel第一款整合内存控制器和QPI总线的产品，因此备受关注。 i7 9XX系列处理器是基于Nehalem架构的首款产品，核心研发代号是Bloomfield，采用了45nm工艺制造，是原生四核心设计，集众多先进技术于一身： 1. 超线程技术回归，四核八线程大幅提升CPU的多任务和多线程计算能力； 2. 整合三通道DDR3内存控制器，带宽大幅提升、延迟大大下降，从此内存不再是瓶颈；

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可以在不同负载下主频动态变化以达到较好的节能效果。 低压i5在商务笔记本，娱乐笔记本中较为常见，标压i5则是在中高端笔记本里面使用频率最高。 *移动端i7则复杂一些，价格一般较贵，有双核和四核，支持超线程，睿频技术。 其睿频幅度非常大，指令集支持上最为完善，常见于中高端游戏本。 3、代数 4为CPU代数，至今已发展至第七代，每一代架构都不同，工艺也会有所差异。 第一代为Arrandale架构，32NM工艺。第二代为Sandy Bridge架构，32NM工艺。 第三代为Ivy Bridge架构，22NM工艺。第四代为Haswell架构，22NM工艺。 第五代为Broadwell架构，14NM工艺。第六代为Skylake架构，14NM工艺。 第七代为Kaby Lake架构，14NM工艺。第八代据有关消息透漏为7NM工艺的，架构未知。 目前，第一~三代处理器已经逐步被淘汰出市场， 市场上四代处理器也已经属于清货阶段，主流的处理器以五代和六代居多。 七代处理器是今年新推出的，暂时只是先推出低压U系列， 标压系列还未全面铺货，而价格方面也是相对比较贵。 4、产品尾缀 M属于产品线尾缀，意为移动标压。 Intel在台式主机和笔记本领域处理器型号非常多，其中型号后缀也较为复杂， 常见的笔记本处理器后缀有Y、U、M、MQ、H、HQ、K等。 尾缀Y： 代表超低电压，散热功耗为10W，如：MY-6Y30、M5-6Y54、M7-6Y75等这种处理器，主要用于二合一的产品。 尾缀U： 代表低电压，散热功耗为15W，如：i5-4200U、i5-5200U、i5-6200U，主要用于超极本和

第四代英特尔酷睿处理器

考试得分:86分 1 . 第四代智能英特尔?酷睿?处理器的功耗降低至第二代智能英特尔?酷睿?处理器的 A.1/2 B.1/10 C.1/5 D.1/20 2 . 使用锐炬?显卡的超极本，比上一代核心显卡性能提升将近 A.1.5倍 B.10倍 C.2倍（您选择的答案） D.1.2倍 3 . 第四代智能英特尔?酷睿?处理器采用了3D晶体管设计，在同样性能下功耗比上代产品降低 A.18% B.80% C.30% D.50% （您选择的答案） 4 . 第四代智能英特尔?酷睿?处理器采用业界最为先进的（）制程工艺，性能更强，功耗却更低 A.32nm B.28nm C.18nm D.22nm （您选择的答案） 5 . 这款处理器如果超频坏了怎么办? A.第四代酷睿处理器的睿频加速2.0是智能超频，是在处理器正常工作范围内进行加速，不会出现故障。即使出现故障，一样能够享受正规国家三包7天包退15天包换1年保修的。（您选择的答案） 6 . 价格太贵了，还能便宜点么? A C.因为这台机器采用的是第四代的酷睿处理器，整机性能远远超过上一代产品，而且很符合您的办公需要。如果图便宜买一台用一年就跑不动的机器，您也肯定不会满意。贵那一点钱，买到的性能却好很多，其实性价比已经很高了。这样，看您确实非常想要这台机器，我给您申请一个办

公选件包，包含了正品背包和无线鼠标、贴膜、键盘膜，平时我们卖300多一套，今天送给您。（具体情况请根据本店实际情况回答顾客）（您选择的答案） 7 . i3和i5主频差不多，价格却差了几百块，这是为什么? C.主频其实只是衡量处理器性能众多指标中的一个，您办公有时候需要处理比较大的文档或者图片，用i3处理器可能就会有较长时间的卡顿，而第四代酷睿的i5处理器支持睿频加速2.0技术，可以在性能不够用的时候自动超频，处理这种文档、图片的速度就要快很多。而且两者的其他参数例如核心显卡型号都不一样，性能差距其实还是蛮大的。（您选择的答案） A.没错，电子产品确实更新的很快，但是在购买电脑时还有一句话叫做“买新不买旧”你是否知道？第四代酷睿处理器性能更强、功耗更低，锐矩核心显卡的性能是上一代产品的两倍，可以媲美高端独立显卡。而价格却比你买一台独显的机器便宜的多。其实更划算，还不容易过时。 9 . 超极本不实用，我还是买普通笔记本。 B.您是不是担心超极本没有普通笔记本的性能好？其实现在的第四代英特尔酷睿处理器的性能 已经是最强劲的了，并且它的功耗还很低，更省电也就是说续航时间更长，不发热也就是说可以节约很多内部空间把产品做的更便携。性能比传统笔记本好，外观更漂亮更轻薄，为什么不选超极本呢？（您选择的答案） 10 . 这台笔记本是集成显卡的怎么还卖那么贵? A.您确实挺了解机器配置，不过集成显卡是指把显卡集成在主板上的低性能显卡，目前已经基本被淘汰。现在我们的超极本都是在处理器内部的锐矩核心显卡，它既有集成显卡省电不发烫的优点，又能像独立显卡一样流畅运行大型3D游戏。（您选择的答案） 11 . 低电压处理器的性能是不是很差? D.这是第四代智能英特尔酷睿处理器，用的是22nm的工艺，晶体管数量比以前的老处理器多好几倍，而且还是3D晶体管，性能自然是越来越强。（您选择的答案） 12 . 这个本子的电池充一次电能用多长时间? C.这台本子采用是第四代智能英特尔酷睿处理器，不关机可以待机10多天，连续播放高清电影6个小时以上（您选择的答案） 13 . 机器（超极本）这么轻薄，散热好不好? D.我们的超极本采用是第四代智能英特尔酷睿处理器，采用了3D晶体管设计，功耗只有15w （i5-4200U），发热量非常小，散热没有任何问题（您选择的答案） 14 . 锐炬?和锐炬?Pro显卡虽然可以流畅运行大型3D游戏，但暂不支持4K 高清视频播放