专题限时检测(一)名词冠词和代词
专题限时检测(一)名词、冠词和代词
(共3组，每组限时8分钟)
1．(2014·合肥第一次教学质量检测)It takes ________ to talk to others on the team when that might expose some of your own weakness or ignorance.
A．energy B．patience
C．wisdom D．courage
2．(2014·安徽六校教育研究会高三第一次联考)According to this survey, some TV programmes should take ________ for teenagers' negative behavior.
A．influence B．responsibility
C．credit D．explanation
3．(2014·皖北协作区高三第一次联考)It's reported that the students who are addicted to playing computer games are all driven by ________ at first.
A．curiosity B．benefit
C．surprise D．satisfaction
4．(2014·江西八所重点中学高三第一次联考)Combustible (可燃的) ice, which could ease our energy dependence on them, is seen as a(n) ________ to coal and oil.
A．advantage B．challenge
C．alternative D．promotion
5．(2014·浙江绍兴一模)Our every ________ and mood can be effectively conveyed with the use of facial expressions and body language.
A．emotion B．potential
C．belief D．motivation
6．(2014·杭州五校第一次联考)When you talk about a person's ________，you are referring to the country, race, or social class of their parents or ancestors.
A．origin B．nationality
C．generation D．relation
7．(2014·杭州五校第一次联考)The viewers will have ________ second chance to watch The Voice of China on ________ Channel 4 tonight.
A．a; the B．the; the
C．the; / D．a; /
8．(2014·安徽示范性高中第一次质检)—Making a lecture in ________ public is the last thing I want to do.
—Just have ________ try. I am sure you can make it.
A．the; a B．/; /
C．/; a D．the; /
9．(2014·汉中高三一模)If you want to improve your working efficiency, it will be ________must for you to make ________ most of your time.
A．the; / B．the; a
C．a; a D．a; the
10．(2014·四川成都第一次诊断)—Well, that is one of ________ most expensive hotels in town, I'm afraid.
—Do you mean we'd better choose ________ cheaper one?
A．a; a B．the; a
C．a; the D．the; the
11．(2014·宝鸡高三一模)It's really noisy outside. I would appreciate ________ if you raise your voice in order to make yourself heard in the back.
A．this B．it
C．that D．one
12．(2014·江西六校第一次联考)Things have changed quickly over the past decade and life in the country is much better than ________ used to be.
A．that B．what
C．it D．one
13．(2014·皖西四校第一次考试)—I hear that you have passed the theory test of the driving test.
—Yes, but I will need ________in three weeks.
A．one B．it
C．other D．another
14．(2014·台州高三一模)For Linda, to be admitted to such a good university is the beginning of a new life, ________ she thought she would never see.
A．what B．that
C．one D．it
15．(2014·江西重点中学盟校一联)Steve went from shop to shop in order to find a pair of shoes big enough to fit his wide feet, but he found ________ to his satisfaction.
A．no one B．nothing
C．none D．neither
1．(2014·江西赣州高三4月模拟考试)It was obvious that there was ________ between accounts of the witnesses for the murder case, so the judgment was not announced in court. A．association B．authority
C．conflict D．restriction
2．(2014·江西重点中学盟校第二次联考)To our great delight, the public facilities in our city have been adapted to give ________ to wheelchair users.
A．privilege B．access
C．permission D．priority
3．(2014·江西部分重点中学5月联考)Teachers' ________ to education should receive great respect from everyone because it benefits the development of society.
A．devotion B．principle
C．identity D．guidance
4．(2014·榆林二模)A teacher is supposed to treat all his students equally, with no ________ for any individuals.
A．significance B．performance
C．preference D．dependence
5．(2014·安徽马鞍山第二次质检)As to the development, our country is working hard for a ________，from speed over quality to quality over speed.
A．departure B．limit
C．switch D．link
6．(2014·咸阳高三二模)A person with a happy, easy-going ________ is more likely to succeed in the future.
A．nature B．appearance
C．behavior D．attitude
7．(2014·江西重点中学盟校第二次联考)To us all in China, ________ experience of taking the College Entrance Examination seems an important way to judge whether one's life is ________ complete one.
A．the; a B．an; a
C．the; the D．an; the
8．(2014·杭州二模)We Chinese have a dream —________ dream to turn a well-off life into ________ reality by 2020.
A．a; a B．the; /
C．the; a D．a; the
9．(2014·嘉兴测试二)Before you can understand ________ tools we discuss in this article, you need _______ basic understanding of how Windows works.
A．the; a B．the; /
C．/; the D．/; a
10．(2014·江西六校二模)The young boss couldn't remember when ________ story happened exactly, but it might be ________ winter morning when he was in London.
A．/; a B．a; a
C．the; a D．a; the
11．(2014·绵阳第二次诊断)—How many of you made it to the top of the mountain in the end? —________. It was really tough.
A．No one B．Neither
C．None D．Nobody
12．(2014·四川成都第二次诊断)Nowadays, the approaches to language teaching are more advanced than ________ in the 1960s.
A．these B．them
C．ones D．those
13．(2014·江西部分重点中学第二次联考)Can you tell me how I can help ________ if other members don't take my suggestions into account?
A．this B．them
C．that D．it
14．(2014·福州二模)—Has ________ passed the job interview?
—No, two of them failed because of their casual dressing.
A．anyone B．everyone
C．all D．someone
15．(2014·安徽合肥四校二模)—Why did you give up the job overseas?
—Because I want to stay close to my family. My family means ________ to me.
A．nothing B．something
C．anything D．everything
1．China hopes that New Zealand will pay high attention to its dairy exports so as to guarantee
the ________ of Chinese consumers and avoid similar crises in the future.
A．concerns B．hobbies
C．interests D．relationships
2．The school, more than 90 percent of whose graduates are usually admitted into key universities, enjoys an excellent ________.
A．occupation B．reputation
C．contribution D．foundation
3．At the graduation ceremony, our headmaster required us to raise our competitive ______ in modern society.
A．spirit B．intention
C．awareness D．ambition
4．The speech from the new government is a ________ that major changes are on the way. A．notice B．feature
C．signal D．mark
5．It is a great ________ for any man to be able to talk or hear, neither ignorantly nor ridiculously, upon any subject.
A．chance B．advantage
C．fun D．importance
6．At Jimmy's birthday party I was introduced to make the ________ of several successful managers in IT industry.
A．appreciation B．reference
C．acquaintance D．recognition
7．—What about the tea drink?
—Thank you. No pleasure equals ________ of a hot drink on such a cold day.
A．one B．ones
C．that D．those
8．Being a winner doesn't mean you'll always get ______ you want, but it does mean you'll go after your goals in ways that are reliable.
A．everything B．something
C．anything D．nothing
9．—Oh, dear! We only have 15 minutes left to get to the station.
—So terrible! There isn't any taxi around when you want ________.
A．it B．that
C．this D．one
10．It was hard for him to learn English in a family, in which ________ of the parents spoke the language.
A．none B．neither
C．both D．either
11．I dislike ________ when I am left alone to start a conversation with a stranger.
A．that B．it
C．this D．one
12．On ________ morning of March 14th, 2014, two vendors got into ________ fight after a quarrel inside the Shahuqiao Market in Changsha, 6 killed and several seriously injured. A．/; the B．the; a
C．the; the D．a; a
13．The boss usually gives an employee ________ salary of 480 dollars a month at ________ beginning.
A．a; the B．the; the
C．a; a D．the; a
14．—Our headmaster has put forward ________ most challenging question for us to answer. —Yes, it really is. I've never heard ________ harder one.
A．the; a B．/; the
C．the; the D．a; a
15．Once you click ________ button, ________ email will be sent to you via your email address. A．the; an B．a; a
C．/; an D．the; /
答案
[一模题组]
1．选D句意：当跟队里的其他人交谈可能会暴露出你的一些弱点或者无知的时候，这样的交谈需要勇气。这里用courage表示“勇气”。
2．选B句意：根据这项调查，一些电视节目应该对青少年的消极行为负责。responsibility “责任”，take responsibility for“对……负责”，符合句意。influence“影响”，have influence on“对……有影响”；credit“信誉，信用”；explanation“解释”。
3．选A句意：据报道，对电脑游戏上瘾的学生，开始时都是受好奇心的驱使。根据句意可知选A，表示“好奇心”。
4．选C句意：可燃冰能够缓解我们对能源的依赖，它被看作是煤和石油的替代品。alternative “可供选择的事物”，符合句意。advantage“优点，有利条件”；challenge“挑战”；promotion “提升，促进”。
5．选A句意：我们的每一种情绪和心情都可以通过我们的面部表情和肢体语言得到有效的表达。根据“and”提示可知，此处是“mood”的同义词。A项意为“情感”，符合语境。B项意为“潜力”；C项意为“信仰”；D项意为“动机”。
6．选A句意：当你谈论一个人的出身时，往往指的是他父母或祖先所在的国家、种族或社会阶层。A项意为“出身”；B项意为“国籍”；C项意为“一代”；D项意为“关系”。故A 项正确。
7．选D第一空“a＋序数词”表示“再一，又一”；第二空“Channel 4”是专有名词，其前不用冠词。故D项正确。
8．选C句意：“在公共场合演讲是我最不想做的事情。”“你就试一试，我相信你能行。”in public“在别人面前，公开地”，have a try“试一试”，均是固定搭配。
9．选D第一空，此处表示“一件你必须要做的事”，因此must前加a；第二空，make the most of表示“充分利用”，为固定搭配。
10．选B第一空，“one of ________ most expensive hotels”表示“最贵的旅馆之一”，应用the；第二空，“________cheaper one”表示“一个较便宜的旅馆”，为泛指意义，应用a。故选B。
11．选B like/dislike/hate/appreciate等表示爱憎的动词后常接it作宾语，其后为if/when 引导的从句。
12．选C句意：在过去的十年，形势迅速变化，这个国家的生活比过去好多了。that后面的句子缺少主语，主语应该是前一句中的life，因此用it代替不可数名词，不用one。此处引导的不是从句，也不能用that和what。
13．选D根据句中的转折词but可知，答话人还要进行一次考试，another表示“又一，再一”，符合题意。
14．选C分析句子结构可知，空格处在句中作“life”的同位语，且表示的是泛指；而“she thought she would never see”是空格处的定语从句，之间省略了关系代词。由此结合选项可知，one与语境相符。故选C。
15．选C句意：史蒂夫去了一家又一家商店，目的是为他那双宽脚找到一双足够大的鞋子，但他没找到令他满意的鞋子。no one“没人”；nothing等于not anything(没有任何东西)；none 相当于no shoes; neither“两者都不”。根据句意可知答案为C项。
[二模题组]
1．选C句意：很明显谋杀案证人的描述前后矛盾，因此判决没有在法庭中宣布。根据“the judgment was not announced in court”可知，证人的证词前后矛盾，因此答案选C项。association“联系”；authority“官方，权威”；conflict“矛盾，冲突”；restriction“限制”。2．选B句意：令我们十分高兴的是，我们城市的公共设施已得到改造，使坐在轮椅上的人能够使用。privilege“特权”；access“进入权，使用权”；permission“允许”；priority“优先权”。根据句意可知，应选B项。
3．选A句意：教师对教育的奉献应该受到每个人的极大尊重，因为它有益于社会的发展。devotion“奉献”；principle“原则”；identity“身份”；guidance“指导”。结合句意可知，答案选A项。
4．选C句意：老师应该平等对待所有学生，不能偏袒任何人。significance “重要性，意义”；performance“表演，表现”；preference“偏袒，偏爱”；dependence“依赖，依靠”。根据句意应选C。
5．选C句意：关于发展，我国正努力从速度优先于质量向质量优先于速度转变。根据“from speed over quality to quality over speed”可知，应选择C。departure“离开；违反”；limit“限制，减量”；switch“转变；转换”；link“连接，联系”。
6．选A句意：一个有着快乐、随和天性的人在未来更可能成功。nature“本性，天性”，符合句意。appearance“外表”；behavior“举止”；attitude“态度”。
7．选A第一空特指“参加高考的经历”，因此用定冠词；第二空表示泛指，应用不定冠词。因此选A。
8．选A句意：我们中国人有一个梦想，那就是到2020年实现小康生活。第一空“dream”是可数名词，与前面的“a dream”呼应，是其同位语，故用不定冠词；固定搭配：turn sth. into reality意为“把……变成现实”；turn sth. into a reality也意为“把……变成现实”，但指将具体的事物变成现实，符合本题“实现小康”这一语境。因此，第二空用不定冠词。故选A项。
9．选A句意：在你能够理解我们在这篇文章中所讨论的工具之前，你需要对Windows是如何运作的有一个基本的了解。“tools”被定语从句修饰，表示特指“在这篇文章里所讨论的”工具，故第一空应用定冠词the；第二空指“一个基本的了解”，属于泛指，应用不定冠词a。故A项正确。
10．选C句意：这个年轻的老板记不清楚故事发生的准确时间，可能是他在伦敦时的一个冬天的早晨。第一空特指那个故事，故用定冠词；第二空泛指“一个冬天的早晨”，故用不定冠词，故选C项。
11．选C句意：“你们中有多少人最终爬到了山顶？”“一个也没有。那实在很难。”no one “没有人(用于回答who引出的问句)”；neither“(两者)都不”；none“一个也没有(强调数量，用于回答how many/much引出的问句)”；nobody“没有人(相当于no one)”。由此可知C项正确。
12．选D此处替代the approaches，为复数形式，表特指，且有“in the 1960s”作后置定语，因此使用those。注意：ones代表泛指意义的复数名词。
13．选D句意：你能告诉我如果其他成员不考虑我的建议我该怎么办吗？how I can help it 意为“我该怎么处理，该怎么办”，it是形式宾语，指代后面的“if other members don't take my suggestions into account”。
14．选B句意：“每个人都通过面试了吗？”“没有，有两位因为穿戴随意没有通过。”根据答语可知，空处应用一个表示“全部，所有人”的词，everyone“每个人”在此可表示全体，故选B。C项用在此句中后面应加名词。
15．选D句意：“你为什么放弃海外的工作？”“因为我想和我的家人待在一起，我的家人对我来说就是一切。”结合语境可知，答案为D。
[押题题组]
1．选C句意：中国希望新西兰高度重视其乳制品出口，以确保中国消费者的利益，避免将来发生类似的危机。concern“(尤指许多人共同的)担心，忧虑”；hobby“业余爱好”；interest “利益，好处”；relationship“关系”。故C项符合句意。
2．选B句意：这所学校享有很高的声誉，因为这所学校90%多的毕业生通常都被重点大学录取。A项“占领，职业”；B项“声誉”；C项“贡献”；D项“建立”。
3．选C句意：在毕业典礼上，我们的校长要求我们提高在现代社会里的竞争意识。awareness “认识，意识”，符合句意。spirit“精神”；intention“打算，意图”；ambition“志向，雄心”。4．选C句意：新政府发言标志着即将发生重大变化。signal“标志，预示”；notice“通知”；feature“特征，特色”；mark“标记”。根据题意选C项。
5．选B句意：关于任何话题，均能既不无知也不荒谬地交谈或倾听，这对任何人来说都是一个极大的优点。advantage“优点”，符合句意。
6．选C句意：在Jimmy的生日聚会上，我被介绍认识了几位IT行业成功的经理。appreciation “感激，欣赏”；reference“参考，涉及”；acquaintance“(与某人)认识”；recognition“承认，识别”。make the acquaintance of sb.是固定词组，意为“结识某人”，其他选项均不符合句意。7．选C句意：“茶水怎么样？”“非常感谢。在这么冷的天里再没有比喝杯热茶更惬意的事情了。”that在此表特指，指代前面提到的pleasure。
8．选A句意：作为一个成功人士并不意味着你总是能得到你想要的一切，而是意味着你会用可靠的方式来追求你的目标。everything“一切”，符合句意。
9．选D句意：“哦，天呀！去车站我们只剩下15分钟了。”“太糟糕了！当你需要出租车时附近一辆也没有。”one常常用来代替上文出现的事物，单数时用one，泛指“一个”。10．选B句意：对于他来说在家学英语很难，因为在家里他父母都不说英语。设空处表示：父母二人都不说英语，故答案为B项。
11．选B句意：我不喜欢把我自己一个人留下来和一个陌生人谈话。“like, hate, dislike, appreciate等＋it＋if/when从句”为固定句型。故选B。
12．选B句意：2014年3月14日上午，在长沙市沙湖桥市场里，两个摊贩因口角引发斗殴，造成6人死亡，多人重伤。第一空，时间名词morning后接of短语作定语，故此处表特指，应用the；第二空，单数名词fight为可数名词，其前加不定冠词a，表示“一场斗殴”，因此选B。
13．选A句意：刚开始时老板通常会支付员工480美元的月薪。salary为可数名词，其前用a；at the beginning“在开始”，为固定搭配，故选A项。
14．选D第一空后的most不构成最高级，而是表示“极其，非常”，故其前用a，泛指“一个非常有挑战性的问题”；第二空也填a，表示“我从没听过比这更难的问题了”。