2019高中英语Unit12CultureShockSectionⅠWarm_up

Unit 12 Culture Shock

The other day I announced that I would go abroad for further study right after my college education. My decision evoked (引起，唤起) the immediate objection of my family: Why? Why should I borrow a huge sum of money for overseas study while I might receive the same education at home at a relatively (相对地) low cost? My answer is: in addition to knowledge, I can gain experience that those who stay at home will never have.

First, experience is the opportunity for the real-life use of foreign languages. While a person can study a foreign language at home, the effect can never be compared with constant use of the language in everyday life. There is no better opportunity to improve second-language skills than living in the country in which it is spoken.

Second, living and studying abroad offers me a different perspective (角度) of the world. On a university campus, foreign students are likely to come across their counter-parts from different countries and areas and are exposed to different ideas and values. This helps me to have a better understanding of different societies and inevitably (必然地) see my own country in a new light (以新的眼光)．

Third, overseas experience, disappointing and painful as it may be, is helpful. A person going abroad for study often experiences much more difficulty — difficulty in adapting to a new culture and in dealing with all problems alone. Yet, the difficulty, coupled with the frustration brought on by culture shock, is a rewarding experience for one’s future life and development of personality (个性)．

Although going abroad is expensive and perhaps painful, the payoff (回报) is worthwhile. For the benefit is not merely knowledge gained, but the experience desirable in one’s personal life.

Section_ⅠWarm-up & Lesson 1 —Pre-reading

[原文呈现]

Dear Aunt Mei，

I can’t believe I’ve been in London for 6 months already! I certainly owe①you an apology② for not writing more often. I’ve just been so busy studying and trying③to absorb④all the new things around me —I think I’m still experiencing⑤culture shock.There is so much here that is different from home. But you’ll soon experience it all yourself! I wish⑥ your visit wasn’t going to be so brief⑦ but there’s a lot we can do and see in a week. I’m just so glad you can afford⑧ to visit me and I refuse to let you pay for anything while you’re here!

I don’t know what your expectations⑨ are of London, but knowing that you’ve never travelled outside of Asia⑩， I thought I’d tell you a bit about what you can expect to find?.

[读文清障]

①owe/??/vt.欠(情、债等)

owe ... to sb./owe sb....欠某人……，把……归功于某人

②apology/?'p?l?d?i/n.道歉，认错

make an apology to sb. for (doing) sth.因(做了)某事向某人道歉

③be busy doing sth.忙于做某事

④absorb/?b's??b/vt.理解，掌握；吸收

be absorbed in全神贯注于……

⑤experience v．体验，经历；n.[U]经验；[C]经历

⑥wish后接从句，从句要使用虚拟语气。表示与现在相反的假设时，从句中的谓语动词应使用过去式。

⑦brief/bri?f/adj.短暂的，简短的briefly adv.短暂地，简短地

⑧afford vt.抽得出(时间)

afford to do sth.抽得出时间做某事

⑨expectation/?ekspek'teI?n.期待的事物，预期

⑩现在分词短语作原因状语。

?I'd tell you a bit about ...是thought的宾语从句，省略了that；该从句中又含有what引导的宾语从句，作介词about的宾语。

is such an international city. There are people from all over the world living here ? and as a result?， there are many international restaurants. Do you know that almost every town in Britain has at least one Chinese restaurant? But British people hardly ever eat Chinese food for breakfast. You’re going to have to get used to?bacon ? and eggs with a few slices? of toast? for breakfast over here, Aunt Mei！

?first of all首先，第一

at first起初，首先

?living here是现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰people。

?as a result结果，因此

as a result of由于，作为……的结果

?get used to“习惯于”，to为介词。

?bacon/’beIk?n/n.腌猪肉，熏猪肉

?slice/slaIs/n.薄片，片

?toast/t??st/n.烤面包；祝酒，干杯

这里有许多国际性的餐馆。

至少有一家中国餐馆吗？但是英国人吃早饭几乎从不吃中餐。

And a word of advice. To avoid getting confused about the British tipping○system○22， you need to check your bill to see if a tip is included or not. If it

25—even isn’t, I suggest○23 leaving 10% of the bill for the waiter○24 or waitress○

26 a bit more if the service is good. Talking of money —it’s really easy to exchange○

27 at banks or hotels so I advise you to get some of those before traveller’s cheques○

you come.

I think we should consider○28 staying in the English countryside for a few nights

30 through the fields and even pick a as I know you enjoy hiking○29. We can wander○

few mushrooms○31 to have with our breakfast! I have learnt which ones are tasty○32 and safe to eat so we won’t risk○33 getting sick! And don’t forget a warm coat! It can get pretty○34 cold and foggy○35 in this country.,?a word of advice“一点建议/劝告”，在此相当于a piece of advice。

?get confused about对……感到困惑

21tip/'tIp/v.给小费；n.小费

○

22To avoid ...是动词不定式短语作目的状语。

○

avoid doing sth.避免做某事

23suggest doing sth.建议做某事

○

24waiter/'weIt?/n.(餐厅)服务员

○

25waitress/'weItrIs/n.(餐厅)女服务员

○

26exchange/Iks't?eInd?/vt.兑换，交换

○

27cheque/t?ek/n.支票

○

28consider v．考虑consider doing sth.考虑做某事

○

29as I know you enjoy hiking是as引导的原因状语从句。

○

30wander/'w?nd?/vi.漫游，闲逛

○

31mushroom/'m??ru?m/n.蘑菇

○

32tasty/'teIsti/adj.美味的

○

33risk v．冒险；n.风险risk doing sth.冒险做某事

○

34pretty adv.相当

○

35foggy/'f?gi/adj.多雾的

○

One last thing, I didn’t understand British humour at all○36 when I first got

37 here. The British find the strangest things funny! We’re certainly more used to○

39 when you don’t think Chinese humour○38 so don’t be surprised if you hear laughter○

anything’s funny. They’re not laughing at you! But even though some British people are quite strange○40， the majority○41 of them are really friendly and I’ve made some good friends.

Anyhow○42， I’d better○43 get back to work. I am so looking forward to○44 your visit, Aunt Mei!

Love Xiaojin

36not at all一点儿也不after all毕竟

○

all but几乎，差不多above all首先in all总共

37be used to习惯于，to为介词。

○

38humour n．幽默(感)；心情

○

39laughter/'lɑ?ft?/n.笑；笑声

○

40even though (＝even if)“即使，尽管”，引导让步状语从句。

○

41majority/m?'d??rIti/n.大半，大多数

○

42anyhow/'enIha?/adv.总之，反正；不管怎样

○

43had better do sth.最好做某事

○

44look forward to“期待，盼望”，to为介词。

○

Please match the words with their proper meanings.

1．apologyA．短暂的，简短的

2．owe B．美味的

3．absorb C．漫游，闲逛

4．brief D．道歉，认错

5．exchange E．大半，大多数

6．cheque F．预约，预订

7．wander G．吸收

8．expectation H．兑换，交换

9．book I．支票

10．laughter J．合理的，正当的

11．majority K．期待的事物，预期

12．reasonable L．笑；笑声

13．tasty M．欠(债)

1～5 ________ 6～10 ________ 11～13 ________

答案：1～5 DMGAH 6～10 ICKFL 11～13 EJB

Lead-in

What do you know about Britain? Fill in the blanks according to the following pictures.

1．The_full_name_of_Britain_is_The_United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Nort hern_Ireland,_which_consists_of_four_parts:_England,_Scotland,_Wales_and_Northe rn_Ireland,_with_its_capital_London.

2．The_national_flag_of_the_UK_is_called_the_Union_Jack.

3．Buckingham_Palace，Tower_Bridge,_Big_Ben,_St._Paul_Cathedral，The_Tower_of_London_and_so_on_are_all_famous_sightseeing_sites_in_London.

4．River_Thames_is_the_most_important_river_and_Oxford_University_and_Cambr idge_University_are_the_most_two_famous_universities_of_this_country.

Fast-reading

Choose the best answers according to the text.

1．What is Xiaojin’s first impression of London?

A．London is convenient for food.

B．London is like her hometown.

C．London is a completely strange city.

D．London is an international city.

2．What made Xiaojin always puzzled when she was in London?

A．How to drive a car. B．How to take buses.

C．How to give tips. D．How to find a restaurant.

3．Xiaojin was writing the letter to ________.

A．make an apology to Aunt Mei

B．thank Aunt Mei for her visit to her

C．invite Aunt Mei to visit London

D．tell Aunt Mei something about London

4．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text?

A．Xiaojin is still experiencing culture shock.

B．London isn’t an interesting city.

C．It’s hard to exchange traveller’s cheques in London.

D．You needn’t to check your bill to see if a tip is included or not.

5．From the letter, we know many things about Britain except ________.

A．what for breakfast B．tipping system

C．education D．weather

答案：1～5 DCDAC

Careful-reading

Read the text carefully and then fill in the chart with the information in the text.

Study-reading

Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.

1．I wish your visit wasn ’t going to be so brief but there ’s a lot we can do and see in a week.

[句式分析]

[尝试翻译] 我真希望您的来访不会这么短，但是一周内我们也有许多事情可做，许多地方可参观。

2．I don ’t know what your expectations are of London, but knowing that you ’ve never travelled outside of Asia, I thought I ’d tell you a bit about what you can expect to find.

[句式分析]

[尝试翻译] 我不知道您对伦敦有什么期望，但是我知道您从来没有到亚洲以外的地方旅行过，所以我想告诉您一些您可能想知道的情况。

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

Culture shock or thinking differences can depress even the most

experienced traveller. Remember that unlucky accidents with service

providers may take place because of cultural or linguistic misunderstandings, and that getting angry will make communication

more difficult and cause bad feelings. A taste of humour can make

hard situations more meaningful and enjoyable to you, your fellow

travellers and the local friends you’ve made.

Keep a journal or carry a small tape recorder and make regular entries or recordings. Taking a step back and telling an experience after some time will open the door to humour. Write a letter or e-mail to a friend when you find your humour reducing. Challenge yourself to tell at least one good story in this message and you’ll be surprised how funny things can look when told to someone outside the situation.

Keep a list of funny things that you observe during your first few days in a new culture, and an explanation of what you think these things are all about. Look back on these lists later in the trip; what seemed strange before is probably familiar now, and your explanations may be funnier than the things themselves! Imagine writing an entry in a guidebook about a frustrating experience. How would you describe your experience to the later travellers? What travel advice would you offer?

Try to see yourself through the eyes of locals. What might they find strange, funny about what you are doing at this moment? When you find it difficult to overcome cultural differences, taking a new look at yourself can be very funny. Be careful not to sacrifice (牺牲) respect for local culture in order to lighten things up for yourself and fellow travellers.

________.

A．being short of money

B．the different attitudes to the same thing

C．not having enough clothes

D．the unlucky fellow travellers’ trouble

解析：选 B 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句“Culture shock or thinking

differences can depress even the most experienced traveller.”可知，文化冲击和思维的差异会使旅行者不快乐。故选B。

2．When you try to keep your sense of humour in foreign countries, you should ________.

A．tell anything that you find entertaining

B．learn to respect the local customs

C．know how to overcome cultural differences

D．try to tell anything particularly funny

解析：选B 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“Be careful not to sacrifice (牺牲) respect for local culture in order to lighten things up for yourself and fellow travellers.”可知，要尊重当地的传统文化。故选B。

3．We can infer that ________.

A．the funny things will be always interesting and never change

B．the funny things would always make people happy

C．if the people didn’t experience the things, they would find them funny D．the things seemed strange before they are surely becoming the familiar things 解析：选C 推理判断题。根据文章第二段最后一句中“... you’ll be surprised how funny things can look when told to someone outside the situation.”可知，没有经历过那些事情的人会发现它们很有趣。故选C。

4．The text is intended for ________.

A．the performers who act in the music hall

B．the actors who often act in the theatre

C．the travellers who are experienced

D．the travellers who want to be humorous

解析：选D 推理判断题。文章就是为那些要旅游而且希望变得幽默的人写的。故选D。

B

This year some twenty-three hundred teenagers (young people aged from 13～19) from all over the world will spend about ten months in US homes. They will attend US schools, meet US teenagers, and form impressions of the real America.

At the same time, about thirteen hundred American

teenagers will go to other countries to learn new languages

and gain a new understanding of the rest of the world.

Here is a two-w ay student exchange in action. Fred,

nineteen, spent last year in Germany with George’s family. In turn, George’s son

Mike spent a year in Fred’s home in America.

Fred, a lively young man, knew little German when he arrived, but after two months’ study the language began to come to him. School was completely different from what he had expected —much harder. Students rose respectfully when the teacher entered the room. They took fourteen subjects instead of the six that were usual in the United States. There were almost no outside activities.

Family life, too, was different. The father’s word was law, and all activities were around the family rather than the individual. Fred found the food too simple at first. Also, he missed having a car. “Back home, you pi ck up some friends in a car and go out and have a good time. In Germany, you walk, but you soon learn to like it.”

At the same time, in America, Mike, a friendly German boy, was also forming his idea. “I suppose I should criticize American schools，” he said. “It is far too easy by our level. But I have to say that I like it very much. In Germany we do nothing but study. Here we take part in many outside activities. I think that maybe your schools are better in training for citizens. There ought to be some middle ground between the two.”

A．help teenagers in other countries know the real America

B．send students in America to travel in Germany

C．let students learn something about other countries

D．have teenagers learn new languages

解析：选C 细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句话“They will attend US schools ... American teenagers will go to other countries ...”说明这个计划是让年轻人了解其他国家的文化等知识，故C正确。

6．What is particular in American schools?

A．There is some middle ground between the two teaching buildings.

B．There are a lot of outside activities.

C．Students usually take 14 subjects in all.

D．Students go outside to enjoy themselves in a car.

解析：选B 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段倒数第三句“Here we take part in many outs ide activities.”可知，在美国的学校里有很多的户外活动，故B正确。

7．What did Mike think after experiencing the American school life?

A．A better education should include something good from both America and Germany.

B．German schools trained students to be better citizens.

C．American schools were not as good as German schools.

D．The easy life in the American school was more helpful to students.

解析：选A 推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“There ought to be some middle ground between the two.”可知，他认为要从两种教育体系中找出好的方面，并把二者结合在一起。故A正确。

8．What’s Mike’s attitude towards American education?

A．Praise. B．Regret.

C．Ignore. D．Accuse (批评)．

解析：选D 观点态度题。根据最后一段中“It is far too easy by our level.”可推断，他认为美国的教育太容易了，故持批评的态度，故D项正确。

C

Meeting people from another culture can be difficult.From

the beginning, people may send the wrong signal (信号)．Or they

may pay no attention to signals from another person who is

trying to develop a relationship.

Different cultures emphasize (强调) the importance of relationship building to a greater or lesser degree.For example, business in some countries is not possible until there is a relationship of trust.Even with people at work, it is necessary to spend a lot of time in “small talk”，usually over a glass of tea，before they do any job.In many European countries — like the UK or France — people find it easier to build up a lasting working relationship at restaurants or cafes rather than at the office.

Talk and silence may also be different in some cultures.I once made a speech in Thailand.I had expected my speech to be a success and start a lively discussion; instead there was an uncomfortable silence.The people present just stared at me and smiled.After getting to know their ways better, I realized that they thought I was talking too much.In my own culture，we express meaning mainly through words, but people there sometimes feel too many words are unnecessary.

Even within Northern Europe, cultural differences can cause serious problems.Certainly, English and German cultures share similar values; however，

Germans prefer to get down to business more quickly.We think that they are rude.In fact, this is just because one culture starts discussions and makes decisions more quickly.

People from different parts of the world have different values, and sometimes these values are quite against each other.However, if we can understand them better, a multicultural environment (多元文化环境) will offer a wonderful chance for us to learn from each other.

语篇解读：本文主要介绍了不同文化之间的差异，并说明了要加强理解和认识。

9．In some countries，eating together at restaurants may make it easier for people to________.

A．develop closer relations

B．share the same culture

C．get to know each other

D．keep each other company

解析：选A 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“...people find it easier to build up a lasting working relationship at restaurants or cafes rather than at the office”可知，在餐馆吃饭或在咖啡厅喝咖啡比在办公室更容易建立永久的工作关系。

10．The author mentions his experience in Thailand to show that________.

A．the English prefer to make long speeches

B．too many words are of no use

C．people from Thailand are quiet and shy by nature

D．even talk and silence can be culturally different

解析：选D 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Talk and silence may also be different in some cultures.”可知，谈话和沉默也有文化上的差异。

11．According to the text，how can people from different cultures understand each other better?

A．By sharing different ways of life.

B．By accepting different habits.

C．By recognizing different values.

D．By speaking each other’s languages.

解析：选C 推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“However，if we can understand them better, a multicultural environment (多元文化环境) will offer a wonderful chance for us to learn from each other.”可知，多元文化环境使双方互相理解。

12．What would be the best title for the text?

A．Multicultural Environment

B．Cross-Cultural Differences

C．How to Understand Each Other

D．How to Build Up a Relationship

解析：选B 标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了不同文化之间的差异，并说明了要加强理解和认识。Cross-Cultural Differences作标题比较合适。

Ⅱ.阅读七选五

A famous Irish saying sums up the importance of a good sleep, “A good laugh and a long sleep are the best cures in the doctor’s book.” Enough sleep plays an important role in keeping a healthy lifestyle. When you wake up after a good night’s sleep, you feel not only fresh, but also enthusiastic, happy, and energetic. __1__ For example：

●Avoid phones or computers in bed. Watching late-night TV, reading on a phone, late-night chatting and surfin g not only reduce your sleeping hours but also ruin your health. __2__ The light prevents the release of a hormone (激素) called melatonin, which is released in the dark and signals to our body that it’s time to sleep.

●Don’t go to bed angry. Arguments make you angry. __3__ So don’t argue with someone else before going to bed. Instead, you should be calm before going to bed to get a good sleep.

●__4__ Eating a heavy meal before going to bed can be bad for the digestive system. Eating high-calorie foods before bed can also lead to weight gain. Eating processed or highly salty foods can make you thirsty, leading to excessive consumption of water, which has an ill effect too. So remember to eat a light meal at night.

●Avoid drinking. It is true that alcohol makes you sleepy, but that is only for the first half. __5__ You may experience frequent awakenings, nightmares, headaches, sweats, and many more aftereffects.

A．Don’t eat before going to bed.

B．It actually disturbs the sleep later.

C．Don’t do much exercise before sleeping.

D．Mobiles, computers and TVs throw a blue and white light.

E．So, try to avoid some unhealthy activities before sleeping at night.

F．It’s advised to read a boring novel or a topic of less interest at night.

G．They will disturb you mentally and keep you awake for a long time.

语篇解读：本文为说明文。睡前应避免一些不良习惯以确保晚上睡得好。

1．选E 睡得好好处多多，因此应该尽力避免一些不良习惯以确保晚上睡得好，例如下面这些习惯。

2．选D D项中的“Mobiles, computers and TVs”在该段中出现，本空后的The light 即指D项中的“a blue and white light”。

3．选G G项中的they指代arguments，指出争吵会扰乱你的精神。

4．选A A项为本段的主旨句。由本段多次出现的eating可知，本段建议睡前别吃东西。

5．选B 酒精起先会让你感到困倦，但随后会影响你的睡眠。B项中的later与本空前的“for the first half”相呼应。

高中英语学生能力的培养精选文档

高中英语学生能力的培 养精选文档 TTMS system office room 【TTMS16H-TTMS2A-TTMS8Q8-

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borrow …from 感激某人做欣赏/abandon oneself to 沉溺bother to do 费事做appreciate it if 于I would bother about为。。如果。我将感激不尽abandon doing=give up 而费心 bother with 全神贯注be absorbed in approve of 赞同关心 break out爆发arise from/ out of 由。引(不及物) 于 break up 打破，分解由。起be accompanied by break in/into arrange for sb to do 安排插话/闯入陪伴 break away from 脱离控告、指责accuse sb of arrive at/in 到达 break into pieces achieve success/victory ask sb to do 要某人做thaIt's acknowledged break down 崩溃，抛锚/ask for 请求询问大break off assist sb in 中断家公认breathe in/ out 吸进，呼assist sb with 担任act as 出act out表演出席assist in/at sth 。贴在。attach …to 把。bring along把。oneself adapt to使已适。带来 bring out 上应 adapt …to 使适合bring up 抚养（及物）importance to 重attach bring forward 提出视改编adapt from bring about产生(及物增添be attached to 附属于) add to bring down 加起来add up 降低attempt to do build up 总计a attend add up to add…to 把，，，加到上burn down 烧毁meeting/assembly burst out attend to 处理看护接待admit doing承认做过突然起来 burst into laughter/tears do to 建议某attend on服侍，陪同sb advise 吸attract one's attentionbe buried in 专心致志人做 burry oneself 引某人注意advise doing in 专心致志avoid doing 付to can(not) afford do buy sb sth 禁止from 不起sb doing ban buy sth for sth agree to do 人做同意做 基于。之base…on/uponcall at agree with 同意拜访（某地） call in 上召集达成一致agree on call off be born in/on agree to 同意某事出生于取消 call upaim at 号召，打电话beg (sb) to do 瞄准 call out 考虑到allow for behave well/badly行为calm down好镇定允许某人allow sb to do care for behave oneself 做讲规矩关心照顾喜欢 care allow doing believe in about相信在乎，关心（否）惊异于be amazed at belong to 属于carry out for sb to apologize 因某中获执行。。从。benefit from carry on 继续，开展事向某人道歉益carry off(to 夺走显+adj/n.be) 应受责备be to blame appear

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you can call him up. we’ll think it over. iii. 动词+副词+介词: 相当于及物动词 we must make up for the lost time. 我们必须弥补失去的时间。do i have to do away with my habit? 我是不是得除掉我的习惯？ iv. 动词+名词/ (反身)代词+介词: 相当于一及物动词 he never helps me without trying to take advantage of me. ( 利用) in school, i often take charge of various activities. （负责/ 管理） 一、常见介词、副词与常用动词构成的短语动词 1. v+about(介词：关于)：皆为及物短语动词 ask / inquire about: 询问…的情况care about: 在乎;/介意;关注quarrel about/over为…争论/争吵 argue about/over为…争论/ /辩论debate about /on为/关于…辩论discuss about讨论，议论 worry about：担心concern about:关心，挂念know/learn about:了解 read about:读知, 阅后得知talk about:谈论hear about:听说（=hear of） complain about（抱怨/投诉）bring about带来，造成think about:考虑 speak about:谈到，谈论(=speak of) set about doing sth着

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