高考英语语法复习词法

一．名词：可数/不可数

可数名词要么前有冠词，要么后有s：一个苹果；一本书；两位学生

可数名词单数变复数规则：正常情况+S(以S,X,SH,CH结尾es)

翻译：两张桌子desk：三个盒子box：

六把刷子brush：两场比赛match:

注意：集合名词

1.可单数可复数：

形式为单数，但意义可以用为单数或复数这类集合名词包括family(家庭），team(队)，class(班)，audience(听众)等，其用法特点为：若视为整体，表示单数意义；若考虑其个体成员，表示复数意义。

比较并体会：

His family is large. 他的家是个大家庭。

His family are all waiting for him. 他的一家人都在等他。

This class consists of 45 pupils. 这个班由45个学生组成。

This class are reading English now. 这个班的学生在读英语。

2.形式为单数，但意义永远为复数这类集合名词包括cattle(牛，牲畜)，people(人)，police(警察)等，其用法特点为：只有单数形式, 但却表示复数意义。

The police are looking for him. 警察在找他。

Many cattle were killed for this. 就因为这个原因宰了不少牲畜。注：表示牲畜的头数，用单位词head(单复数同形)。如：five head of cattle 5头牛，fifty (head of ) cattle 50头牛

不可数名词：谓语动词用单数

物质名词：表示无法分为个体的实物，如:air ,water...

抽象名词：表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念，如：work...

baggage / luggage(行李), furniture(家具), machinery(机器), poetry(诗), scenery(风景),jewelry(珠宝), equipment(设备)等, 其用法特点为：是不可数名词，只用单数形式，不用不定冠词(当然更不能用数词)，没有复数形式。

二．代词

1.人称代词

The teacher said he was very proud of us and we all like him very much.

2.物主代词

My shirt is blue. His shirt is red. Which of them do you like? Either is ok ,I like their styles.

3.反身代词

He teach himself in spare time.

Be yourself, please.

4.指示代词

5.不定代词：both /all /each /every /either /neither /none /another /other / the other(one ....the other)

Others=other+名词复数

The others=the other+名词复数

三、动词

动词做谓语

1.实义动词：表示实际动作（时态）

一般现在时：我写作业。

他写作业。

一般过去：昨天晚上，我在写作业。

一般将来：我打算去写作业。

现在进行：我正在写作业。I my homework now.

过去进行：昨天晚上新闻联播时，我正在写作业。

I my homework when the news broadcast last night.

将来进行时：一会儿你去打球的时候，我正在写作业。

I my homework when you go to play ball.

现在完成时：我刚刚完成我的作业。

过去完成时：当我到达车站时火车已开走了。

The train （start）when I （get）to the station.

动词练习

1. [2017新课标卷I] When fat and salt _ (remove)from food,the food tastes as if missing something.

2. [2017新课标卷I] Fast food _(be)full of fat and salt.

3.[2017 新课标卷II] But at the moment,school (come)first.I don’ t want to get too absorbed in modeling.

4. [2016新课标卷II]Leaving the less important things until tomorrow _(be)often acceptable.

5.On Monday mornings it usually _(take) me an hour to drive to work although the actual distance is only 20 miles.

6.If we (not act)now to protect the environment,we'll live to regret it.

7.The manager_ (tell)the workers how to improve the program since 9 am.

8.It (rain)heavily now.The city will be flooded if it (not stop)soon.

9. "Life is like walking in the snow' ,Granny used to say, because every step (show).

10.They are living with their parents for the moment because their own house (rebuild).

2.系动词+adj.

Be 动词

感官动词look seem appear feel taste smell sound

表保持remain keep stay

表变化turn go become get fall grow

3.情态动词can/could may/might must will/would shall/should

4.助动词be do does have/has will/would

做非谓语

To do（表目的，将要做）/doing（逻辑主语主动）/done（被动）

常见出题方式：（动词）...，句子.

（work）out the maths problems, I was very happy.

（work）out the maths problems, I have consulted my teacher several times.

(catch) by the police,the thief hung his head.

句子，（动词）....

She went out, (leave) her baby by itself.

He got up late and hurried to his office, (leave) the breakfast untouched. 接to do的动词

attempt企图afford负担得起arrange安排appear似乎，显得 ask问 agree同意 believe 认为、相信begin开始beg请求 bother扰乱/烦恼care关心，喜欢 choose选择 claim要求 consent同意，赞同 contrive设法，图谋demand要求 destine注定 determine决定dread害怕 desire愿望 decide决定 enable能够 expect期望 endeavor努力fail不能hate憎恨/厌恶 happen碰巧 hesitate犹豫 hope希望 intend想要 incline有…倾向long渴望 love爱 learn学习 mean意欲，打算manage设法neglect忽视need需要omit 忽略，漏 offer提供 pretend假装 plan计划 prefer喜欢/宁愿 prepare准备 profess 表明 promise承诺/允许 propose提议refuse拒绝swear宣誓 start开始 seek找/寻觅try试图undertake承接 volunteer志愿 vow起 wish希望 want想要

注意：主动省略to的动词：一感（feel）二听(hear, listen to)三让(let, have, make)四看( see,notice,observe,watch,look at)

被动还原to

I saw him dance.（整个跳舞的过程）

I saw him dancing.（我看见他时，他正在跳舞。强调动作正在发生）

A cook will be immediately fired if he is found to smoke in the kitchen.

接Doing的常见动词：

avoid避免 appreciate感激/欣赏 acknowledge承认/自认 admit 承认 advocate提倡/主张 consider 考虑 can't help不禁 can't stand受不了 contemplate细想complete 完成 confess坦白 dislike不喜欢，讨厌deserve值得 delay延迟 deny否认 dread可怕defer拖延detest嫌恶 enjoy享有/喜爱envy嫉妒endure忍受excuse借口escape逃跑/逃避finish完成forgive原谅 fancy幻想/爱好favor 造成/偏爱figure描绘/计算hate 讨厌 imagine设想involve卷入/包含keep保持miss错过mention说到/讲到mind 介意pardon原谅/饶恕permit允许 postpone推迟practice 实行/实践prevent阻止quit放弃停止risk冒险recall回想resist抵抗/阻止 resume恢复repent悔悟resent怨恨stand 坚持/忍受suggest建议save营救/储蓄tolerate忍受 worth值得

有些动词后使用doing和to do的意思上有差别

forget to do 忘记要去做某事（此事未做）forget doing忘记做过某事（此事已做过或已发生）

stop to do 停止、中断（某件事），目的是去做另一件事 stop doing 停止正在或经常做的事

remember to do 记住去做某事（未做）remember doing记得做过某事(已做)

regret to do对要做的事遗憾 regret doing对做过的事遗憾、后悔

try to do努力、企图做某事 try doing试验、试一试某种办法

mean to do打算，有意要… mean doing意味着

go on to do 继而（去做另外一件事情） go on doing 继续（原先没有做完的事情）propose to do 打算（要做某事）proposing doing建议（做某事）

四、形容词（修饰名词）冠词+形容词+名词

-ed形容词-ing形容词

Interested interesting

Excited exciting

比较级+than 比较级and 比较级

五、副词（修饰动词/形容词）

考点：adj. adv.

正常状况：直接加ly rare--rarely obvious--obviously

以le结尾：去e加y possible--possibly comfortable--comfotably

以辅音字母+y结尾：变y为i再加ly easy---easily lucky--luckily

六、介词

1.表示地点：at ,in, on, to, above, over,below, under, beside, behind , between

2.表示时间：in , on，at, after, from, since for, behind

3.表示运动：across, through, past, to, towards, onto, into, up, down

4.表示进行：at, under, on

5.表示其他：on, about, by, with, in...

七、连词

一）、并列连词

1、and 和，那么，渐渐；

2、or 或，否则，不管是…，还是；

3、but 但是，而是，的确…但；nor 也不

4、so 也是，因此，所以，那么，这样看来；

5、for 因为（表示推测），由于；

二）、相关连词

1、both A and B 既是A又是B；

2、either A or B 不是A 就是B；

3、neither A nor B 既不是A也不是B ，两者皆非；

4、not only A but also B 不但A而且B；

5、A as well as B 不但A而且B , 与，和；

三）、准连词

1、而且besides, furthermore, moreover, in addition;

2、然而yet, still, however, nevertheless;

3、否则else, otherwise;

4、因此所以thus, hence, therefore, accordingly, consequently;

四）、引导名词从句的连词

1、从属连词that, whether, if;

2、疑问连词what, which, who/whom/whose;

3、疑问副词when, where, why, how;

4、复合关系代词whatever, whoever, whomever;

五）、引导定语从句的连词

1、关系代词who (whom whose), which, that, as;

2、关系副词when, where, why;

3、关系形容词which, whose

八、数词

基数词/序数词

分数的表达方式：

1.子基母序，分子大于一，分母用复数，分子为一可用one/a；1/2说：one/a half

2.Percent 百分比

3.用part表示名词part有“……分之一”的意思，分子大于1时，part用复数。表示分

数的结构一般有以下三种：

（1）“基数词（或a）＋序数词＋part（s）” a hundred part百分之一

（2）“基数词＋part（s）＋in＋基数词” five千分之五5parts in thousand

（3）“基数词＋part（s）＋per＋基数词” one part per million百万分之一

4.用“基数词＋介词＋基数词”表示,这种结构中的介词主要有in，out of，of以及to

Ninety-nine people out of a hundred，if they were asked who first found America，would answer Clumbus．如果要问是谁首先发现美洲，一百个人中有九十九个（百分之九十九）将回答是哥伦布。

The map is drawn to a scale of one of ten thousand．这张地图是的。

九、冠词a、an和the

不定冠词a /an的用法

1．用于可数名词单数前，表示某一类人或事物。He’s a student.

2．指人或事物，但不具体说明何人或何物。 A doctor is to help sick people.

3．表示数量只有“一个”。There’s a tree on the hill.

4．指某类人或事物中的任何一个。 An elephant is much bigger than an ant.

5．用于固定词组中。 a lot of /have a rest /have a cold / a piece of /have a good time

6.首次提到的人或物。A little boy is running in the park. The boy is cute.

Exercises

请在横线上填上a或an：

1._________ dog

2._________ dictionary

3.________ student

4._________ egg

5.________ elephant

6.__________ island

7.________ university student 8._________ European country

9.________ honest boy 10.________ honorable deed

11.miss：____“m”12.________ 8—year plan

13________ unhappy boy 14.________ umbrella

15.________ orange 16.________ hour

17.________ green apple 18.________ long umbrella

19.________ useful book 20.________ old bike

用a，an填空：

1.This is ____pear and that is ____ apple.

2.Mary has ____e-dictionary.She get it from her uncle.

3.Do you have ____QQnumber?

4.This is___orange.It is ___ small orange.

5.There is ___“s”in the word “bus”.

6.There is ____“h”and ____ "u" in the word “hour”.

7.My teacher give me ___useful book.

8.I have ___ hour to do my homework.

9.Do you have ___ umbrella.

10.10, She wear ___ uniform.

十、感叹词

1. Can you can a can as a canner can can a can?

2. I wish to wish the wish you wish to wish, but if you wish the wish the witch wishes, I won't wish the wish you wish to wish。

3. I scream, you scream, we all scream for ice-cream!

4. How many cookies could a good cook cook if a good cook could cook cookies?

5. The driver was drunk and drove the doctor's car directly into the deep ditch.

6. Whether the weather be fine or whether the weather be not，whether the weather be cold or whether the weather be hot，we'll weather the weather whether we like it or not.

7. Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers. A peck of pickled peppers Peter Piper picked.If Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers，where's the peck of pickled peppers Peter Piper picked?

8. I thought a thought. But the thought I thought wasn't the thought I thought I thought.

If the thought I thought I thought had been the thought I thought, I wouldn't have thought so much.

9. Amid the mists and coldest frosts,

With barest wrists and stoutest boasts,

He thrusts his fists against the posts,

And still insists he sees the ghosts.

10. Badmin was able to beat Bill at billiards, but Bill always beat Badmin badly at badminton.

11. Betty beat a bit of butter to make a better batter.

12. Rita repeated what Reardon recited when Reardon read the remarks.

13. Few free fruit flies fly from flames.

14. A Finnish fisher named Fisher failed to fish any fish one Friday afternoon and finally he found out a big fissure in his fishing net.

15. There is no need to light a night light on a light night like tonight，for a bright night light is just like a slight light.

16. Franc's father is frying French fries for his five fire-fighter friends after they finished a fire-fighting in a factory.

17. A pleasant peasant keeps a pleasant pheasant and both the peasant and the pheasant are having a pleasant time together.

18. How many sheets could a sheet slitter slit if a sheet slitter could slit sheets?

19. Mr. See owned a saw and Mr. Soar owned a seesaw. Now See's saw sawed Soar's seesaw before Soar saw See.

20.Ted sent Fred ten hens yesterday so Fred's fresh bread is ready already.

In ancient China lived an artist 61 paintings were almost lifelike. The artist’s reputation had made him proud. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait（画像）done so he called all great artists to come and present their 62 (fine) work, so that he could choose the best. The artist was sure he would 63 (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed. The wise old man told him to travel to the Li River — perhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world.

Filled with 64 (curious), the artist packed his bags and left. 65 he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary（传奇的）artist, they smiled and 66 (point) down the river. The next morning he hired a boat and set out 67 (find) the well-known painter. As the small boat moved 68 (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue. And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds 69 (surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. The

名词 高考英语语法重点归纳

一、名词 【知识精讲】 名词是表示人，事物，地点或抽象概念的名称的词。 一、名词的数 在熟悉可数名词单数变复数规则的基础上，突出以下几点： 1. 以s结尾，仍为单数的名词(多为学科名词)，如： physics, linguistics, mathematics, politics, statistics, news , the United States 2. 抽象名词表示具体或特定的事例时也可作可数名词，单数前面应有不定冠词。如：(1) pleasure, surprise, help, success, failure, danger, difficulty, wonder等意为“...的人/ 物”。如：The meeting is a success. (2) worry, honor, disaster, rain, snow, fog, wind, gas, fire, crop, coffee, tea, food等不可数名词，指“一种”、“一场”及“多种”、“多场”时，可以有其单、复数形式。如：There have been strong winds over the last two months. (3) a need, a discovery, a love, a good time, a collection of, a knowledge of, a history of, a population of, an area of, an understanding of等已形成固定形式。如：He has a good practical

knowledge of computer science. 3. 表示一类事物的总称的名词，不能加-s ，如： machinery, furniture, equipment, technology, luggage, baggage, homework, evidence 4. 一些名词单数和复数形式表达不同的意思，如： chicken鸡肉/ chickens小鸡; fish鱼肉/ fishes( fish )各种鱼; paper纸/ papers试卷; water水/ waters水域，room空间/ rooms房间 5. 只有复数形式的名词，如： glasses （眼镜）,trousers, clothes，scissors等，注意加单位名词的用法：a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers 6. 一些名词形式上虽是单数，但表示的是复数含义，如： people , police, cattle, staff, public, the +adj., the + 分词;（表示一类人） 7. 以复数形式出现，表达复数含义，如： belongings, surroundings, earnings, savings, shoes, socks, goods, thanks, congratulations, funds, pains, arms, troops 8. 集合名词看成一个整体时，谓语用单数，若侧重各个成员，则用复数，如：audience,class,couple,crowd,family,group,government,public ●The average family is a great deal smaller than it used to be. ●My family are going with me. 9. 单复数同形的名词，如： fish, deer, sheep, youth, Chinese, Japanese, means, species, crossroads, series, works, li（里）, yuan （元）, mu（亩）等 ●How many deer are there in Dafeng now?

高考英语常用语法总结

高考英语常用语法总结 2017年高考即将到来，高考英语主要考察点就在于英语的语法知识，掌握好高中英语的语法知识，考试中的作文以及选择题，改错题自然都不在 话下了。下文是小编给大家整理的2017年高考英语常用语法总结，希望可以帮助到大家。 ?高考英语语法总结一、lie 的变化：记忆lie 的变化时，可用顺口溜来帮助记忆：规则的说谎，不规则的躺，躺过就下蛋，下蛋不规则。即：lie—lied—lied—lying(说谎)lie—lay—lain—lying(躺，位于)lay—laid—laid—laying(产卵，下蛋)二、高中英语语法口诀：定冠词1. The girl in red has just come back from Australia.2. Mr. Li will give us a talk. The talk will begin at 8:003. The sun gives us heat and light.4. The Pacific Ocean is the largest of all.5. The Communist Party of China was founded in 1921.6. Do you know when the Great Wall came into being?7. She’s on the People’s Daily.8. The Einsteins could not pay for the advanced education that young Albert ?needed.9. Who was the first to come?10. I heard somebody playing the piano in the next room.11. Great Changes have taken place in the 1990’s12. In 1864, Lincoln was elected President of the United States for the ?second time.三、高考英语形容词和副词用法I. 要点A. 形容词1、形容词的用法形容词是用来修饰、描绘名词的，通常在句中作定语、表语或宾补， 有时还可作状语。如：He is honest and hardworking.I found the book interesting.某些形容词与定冠词连用表示一类人作主语时，谓语通常用复数形式。如：The rich and the poor live in different parts of the city.The English like to be with their families.多个形容词作定语修饰名词的顺序：冠词+序数词+基数词+性质状态

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