当前位置：搜档网 › 雅思口语考官常常说的一些套话,你知道多少-

雅思口语考官常常说的一些套话,你知道多少-

雅思口语考官常常说的一些套话，你知道多少?

那些固定的对话告诉你准备、答题的规则，以及下一步应该进行什么。

所以我们要认真了解一下哦。

一、雅思口语流程的套话

Good morning. Come in and take a seat.

早上好。请进，请坐。

Can you tell me your full name, please? What shall I call you?

你能告诉我你的全名吗?我该怎么称呼你?

Can I see your identification please? Can you tell me where you are from?

我可以看一下您的证件吗?你能告诉我你从哪里来吗?

第一部分

Now in this first part, I’d like to ask you some questions about yourself.

在第一部分，我想问你一些关于你自己的问题。

1. Let’s talk about…

1. 让我们来谈谈

2. I’d like to move on now to talk about …

2. 我现在想继续谈谈

3. Let’s move on to the topic of …

3.让我们继续讨论

4. Let’s move on to the topic of …

4. 让我们继续讨论

第二部分

Now I’m going to give you a topic, and I’d like you to talk about it for one to two minutes. Before you talk, you’ll have one minute to think about what you’re going to say.

现在我要给你们一个题目，我希望你们花一到两分钟来讨论这个题目。在你说话之前，你有一分钟的时间思考你要说什么。

You can make some notes if you wish. Do you understand?

如果你愿意，你可以做一些笔记。你明白吗?

Here’s some paper and a pencil, for making notes, and here’s your topic. ......

这是做笔记用的纸和铅笔，这是你的题目

All right? Remember you have one to two minutes for this, so don’t worry if I stop you.

好吧?记住你有一到两分钟的时间，所以如果我阻止你，不要担心。

I’ll tell you when the time is up. Can you start speaking now, please? ......

时间一到我就告诉你。你现在可以开始讲话了吗?......

第三部分

We’ve been talking about and I’d like to discuss one or two more general questions related to this.

我们一直在讨论我想再讨论一两个与此相关的一般性问题。

以上就是雅思口语考官常常说这些套话。

1.雅思口语范文:An educational visit

2."雅思考前身份证丢了怎么办?";、复议等热门问题全在这里了!

3.托福和雅思考试的不同

4.常用英语口语练习和对话

5.雅思7分考生是怎样复习小作文的

雅思口语part2话题万能模板：事件类

雅思口语part2话题万能模板：事件类今天三立在线教育雅思网为大家带来的是雅思口语part2话题万能模板：事件类的相关资讯，备考的烤鸭们，赶紧来看看吧！首先我们来说说“一件从数学中学到的事情”，拿到这个话题，先不要急着回答，可以用笔稍微构思一下思路，该怎么回答。首先，可以说一下这件事是什么、发生在什么时候，也就是作文中的事件和事件，这里需要注意的就是具体描述一下什么事但是又不能啰嗦累赘，而时间则可以大致概括点明即可。我们就从资料中的例子来说：高中的时候从乘法表中学到的一件事。然后，要具体叙述一下这件事，即是最重要的部分，发生的地方、牵扯到的人物、以及这件事情影响到你的原因，为什么影响到你…… 资料例子来说：在高中的一次数学竞赛中失败，以至于灰心丧气，甚至对自己产生怀疑，而此时数学老师拿乘法的规则来比喻人生中的失败与成功的关系来鼓励我，以至于我从失败中走出来，从新赢得了下一次的数学竞赛。这件事情使我明白了，生活就如同数学乘法，有无数种可能，多种多样，我们要坦然面对。而这里的例子看似像我们中文作文中的思路，但是关键在于它表述方式以及用词造句，不能太中式化。这里的重点，就是描述事件经过，即“在高中的一次数学竞赛中失败，以至于灰心丧气，甚至对自己产生怀疑，而此时数学老师拿乘法的规则来比喻人生中的失败与成功的关系来鼓励我，以至于我从失败中走出来，从新赢得了下一次的数学竞赛。”而老师的话则是重中之重，因为他让我明白了道理“生活就如同数学乘法，有无数种可能，多种多样，我们要坦然面对。”也是我深深牢记的原因，以及这件事对我影响深刻的原因。

而最后，只需要简单概括，从这件事中学到的东西即可。其实这个话题思路并不是很难，关键在于烤鸭们的表述以及词汇的积累。其实，大家都知道事件类话题是雅思口语考试中最简单的、最容易描述，却也是最常见的话题，所以大家要多注意积累素材、思考思路。其实“A way of communication”和“A good parent”这两个话题也可以用这个例子来阐述回答，而最关键的则是把老师的那段话稍作转述即可。例如，“A way of communication”我们可以先描述手机及其性能作用，以及现今的流行趋势，然后从一件事引到交流方式，还是那件事，还是那写话，只不过要突出老师用短信的方式告知我，最后，简单概述手机的用处及好处即可。是不是很简单呢?同样的，“A good parent”只需要根据情况把那些话转述为父母亲对你说的话，已经对你的影响，所以一个模板真的是百用哦! 那么我们赶紧来看看还有哪些话题可以这样转换呢? 多米诺骨牌效应：=Something you learned from math=Something you learned from your family=A piece of advice=A change you had=An important stage in your life=A text message you got=A letter you got=An E-mail you got=A way of communication=An important decision you made=A person who helped you=A kind thing someone did to you=A family member you love talking to=A good parent=An elderly family member=A neighbor=A good friend=A teacher=A science course you took=A subject you love/d at school=Your personality=First day of college=Your experience of getting money as a gift=Your experience of getting congratulations=A person you helped=A thing your friend did made you admire.

雅思考官口语高分战略学习笔记

(一) 雅思口语的基本结构( basic structure) 连接词组( linking phrases ) First, firstly, initially, to begin with, I should begin by saying The first thing / point / issue / advantage /etc. I should / would like to mention / highlight is ... Second, secondly, next, a second point is, something else is, in addition (to that), not only that, but... Of course A second feature /Something else / Another point I would like to mention/ say/ is that ... 第三 Third, thirdly, consequently, I could also say ... After that, what 's more I shouldn 't forget to add / mention / say / comment that ... 最后

Finally, ultimately, last, last but not least, a final point I 'd like to make is, one last point I cold add is ... 表示转折 However, whereas, on the other hand, in contrast, despite (that) in spite of ( that), even though,, having said that, then again, nonetheless, even so, compared with, on the contrary, although, but, yet, still, instead of , at the same time 表示类似 Similarly, likewise, as well as (this), by a similar token..., in a similar way, moreover, besides (that), furthermore, 支持连接(supporting links ) 举例说明 For example, for instance, in fact, to illustrate this, one example of this is ... Case in point, namely, in particular, particularly, especially, such as, you know, like, What I mean by that is ... By that I mean... To be blunt, to be brief, to be more specific, to be more exact, to be more precise, in other words, I should

雅思口语考试技巧

口语考试如果希望取得高分(比如7分以上)，不但要有一定的口语水平，还要来点“旁门左道”。依据我的经验，口语考试成绩=个人真实的口语水平x现场表现系数x考官认可系数。这三部分中，口语水平短时间内很难有大的提高，虽然完全可以通过充分的准备从而“脱胎换骨”。考官是否认可不能由你把握，但是与你的现场表现直接相关。所以，如果想要在口语考试中拿到高分，最能控制也是最立竿见影的就是你的现场表现。一句话：你要影响考官。一、雅思口语考试三大破绽口语考试并非"无机可乘",相反,它的主观性决定了它与生俱来的不准确性。从两次口语取得8分的经历中,我总结出雅思口语考试有以下破绽,从而使考生能用于影响考官: 1 口语考试的成绩与你的真实水平是正相关的，但不是成正比的。也就是说，在你毫无准备的情况下，它能够测出你属于哪一个档次的，比如说，5-6分是一个中级档次，7-8分是一个高级档次。但是在同一个档次内部，到底是5分还是6分，7分还是8分，完全取决于两个人的主观博弈-你和考官。 2 口语考试的生杀大权掌握在考官手中，所以要“攻城为下，攻心为上”。我的口号是“要把考官当人看”,而不是机器或者大牲口(虽然你心里是这么想的)。口语考试考察的是考生的"沟通"能力,而非单纯的"口语"能力。所以,如果你在考试开始前没有礼貌地和考官打招呼,没有尊重地问问考官的名字,说话的时候表情冷漠,没有笑容,光目呆滞,总是保持一个声调，使人感到乏味，离开考场时忘了对考官说"再见",总之就是没有给予考官对正常人应有的礼貌和尊重时,你是休想得高分的。

3 “多算胜，少算不胜”。我们不能打无把握之仗，而要在考试前积极备战，从而使雅思口语考试的科学性在你的成绩上体现的微乎其微。因为口语考试采用的是题库制，所以所有的题目都能从网上找到“机经”。你完全可以做到有的放矢的备考。一旦你有了充分的准备，即使自认为口语水平一般的同学,通过一定的技术处理,完全有可能在口语考试中作到"点石成金",从而取得7分以上的成绩。二、现场表现系数的四大要素口语考试要有以下几个要素才能得高分:自信,反应,语音和表情。这就是我说的“现场表现系数”。 1 自信。你有面对考官的自信吗？比如,你是否会很轻松地反问考官:"What can I call you?"从而给考官的笫一印象就是:这个人肯定口语不错,因为其它考生都不敢和我这样!口语考试不同于一般的和鬼子聊天,而是你和一个考官在一间“阴森可怖”的小黑屋里面，你看着他，他看着你。你无权保持沉默，并且你所说的每一句话都将成为承堂证供，因为你面前还摆着一个录音机。你曾有的自信就在你还没有进入口语考场之前的焦急等待中彻底土崩瓦解了。那你就完了，因为你下面的口语考试就会出现技术变形。自信从何而来？准备。如果你对即将考到的题目烂熟于胸，你会不自信吗？如果你已经拥有了大量和鬼子练口语的经历，发现他们无非就是一群来中国“潇洒走一回”的流浪汉，你会不自信吗？所以，试问那些一考口语就紧张的同学，你们有谁在考试之前做到了以上这两点呢？ 2 反应。如果你希望对口语考试中的所有问题都有所准备，这是mission impossible。所以要对没有准备过的问题做出敏锐地反应。我第二次考8分的时候被问到一个问题：“Are physical exercises popular in China？”

雅思口语9分词句+考官讲解

Holiday Vocabulary Part 1-style questions Examiner: What kind of holiday do you like? Miguel: I try to avoid tourist traps… I like to get away from it all and prefer going somewhere off the beaten track… last year I had the holiday of a lifetime… a two week wildlife safari in Kenya. Examiner: What do you like to do when you’re on holiday? Anna: I enjoy visiting the local places of interest… I like to go sightseeing and always sign up for guided tours as it’s a chance to be shown around and take p hotographs … one of my hobbies. Examiner: Do you have many tourists in your country? Amy: Yes … we have a lot of holiday resorts along the coast that are popular with tourists … most people come on package holidays and stay in one of the many hotels and self-catering apartments. Part 2-style task Describe a beautiful place you once visited. You should say: ?when you went to this place ?where it was ?who you went with and say why you liked it so much. Sally: A few years ago I went on a long weekend to the Lake District in the UK … it’s a very popular holiday destination in the north of England … I went on my own and had a wonderful time … I stayed in a youth hostel and met some really nice people … but the most memorable thing about the holiday were the breathtaking views… and lovely picturesque villages… it can get very busy with hordes of tourists so I decided to go out of season in the autumn … the weather was fantastic and the shops were full of local crafts… a really great holiday … it’s certainly not the

2019年雅思口语考官范文：礼物

2019年雅思口语考官范文：礼物 Describe a gift you gave or received. 其它问法： Describe something you bought recently. Describe something you own which is important to you. 考官范文： I'm going to describe my mobile phone. I bought it online / in a mobile phone shop / it was a present from... I use the phone to keep in touch with friends and family, for communication by voice, text and email. It has various features like video, MP3 player, wireless Internet, digital camera and games. It's easy to share photos and music. I use it for almost everything, it even has a calendar that reminds me about appointments. My phone is an essential part of my life. It holds my contacts, my photos, my music collection. I've got instant access to my favourite websites. It's like having my whole life in my pocket. I couldn't live without it. Part3相关问题： 1.Do you think it's important for boys to play with "boys' toys" and for girls to only play with "girls' toys"? 考官范文： I think boys naturally seem to prefer playing with "boys' toys" and girls with "girls' toys". When I was young I had

雅思考官满分范文12篇

Writing Task2 Topics 2-2 “Prevention is better than cure.” Out of a country’s health budget, a large proportion should be diverted from treatment to spending on health education and preventative measures. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this statement? 3-2 When a country develops its technology, the traditional skills and ways of life die out. It is pointless to try and keep them alive. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion? 6-GB Using a computer everyday can have more negative than positive effects on young children. Do you agree or disagree? 5-2 In some countries young people are encouraged to work or travel for a year between finishing high school and starting university studies. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages for young people who decide to do this. 4-GB Some people believe that children should be allowed to stay at home and play until they are six or seven years old. Others believe that it is important for young children to go to school as soon as possible. What do you think are the advantages of attending school from a young age? 6-2 Successful sports professionals can earn a great deal more money than people in other important professions. Some people think this is fully justified while others think it is unfair. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion. 6-4 Some people prefer to spend their lives doing the same things and avoiding change. Others, however, think that change is always a good thing. Discuss both these views and give your own opinion. 3-3 In many countries children are engaged in some kind of paid work. Some people regard this as completely wrong, while others consider it as valuable work experience important for learning and taking responsibility. What are your opinions on this? 4-2 Happiness is considered very important in life. Why is it difficult to define? What factors are important in achieving happiness? 4-4 In many countries schools have severe problems with students behavior. What do you think are the causes of this? What solutions can you suggest? 5-GB Nowadays we are producing more and more rubbish. Why do you think this happening? What can governments do to help reduce the amount of rubbish produced?

最完整的雅思考试口语(英国雅思考官提供)

最完整的口語（英國雅思考官提供）Speaking topics 1)Talk about a sports-person or sports team that you admire. You should say what sport they play. You should say where and when they play. You should explain why you admire them. 2)Talk about a sport that you enjoy or have enjoyed playing. You should say where you play this sport. You should say when you play this sport. You should explain why you like it. 3)Describe your ideal job. Say what the job is. Describe what duties it would involve. Explain why you would like to do this job. 4)Describe the best party you have been to. Say when and where this party took place. Describe how you celebrated. Explain why you enjoyed it. 5)Talk about the season of the year that you like best. You should say what the season is like. You should say at what time of the year this season occurs. You should explain why you like it. 6)Talk about a type of music that you particularly enjoy. You should say when you listen to this music. You should explain why you like it. You should say which person or groups of people play this music. 7)Describe an historic building you have seen or would like to visit. Say what this building looks like. You should state where it is. Explain why you liked seeing or would like to see it. 8)Talk about the type of accommodation you live in.

雅思口语中与考官的交流用语-很实用!

雅思口语常用句型背诵一、口语考试套话倒背如流 1. 与考官见面用语 Glad to meet you here. How nice to see you. Fancy seeing you. How are you? I’m glad to have had the opportunity to meet you here. I’m glad to meet you. I’m please to meet you. It’s a pleasure to meet you. 2. 对考官所提问题完全听不懂 Could you please rephrase that question / topic? I’m not exactly sure what you mean… 3. 对考官所提问题似懂非懂要核实对考官所提问题的理解是否正确 Do you mean…? If I understand right,… I’m sorry if I’m being a little slow, but…? I’m sorry, I’m not sure I understand. Do you mean (that)…? So am I right in saying…? If I’ve got the picture, then… So what you mean is…, right? Sorry I don’t quite catch you. You mean…? Can I get one thing clear? Would I be correct in supposing…? 4. 对考官所提问题的内容不熟悉 I’m not exactly sure how to answer that question, but (perhaps)… That’s a rather difficult question, but (maybe)… I’m sorry, but I don’t know much about… 5. 评价考官所提问题 That’s difficult to answer, but (maybe)… I’m sorry, but I don’t know much about…but perhaps… Maybe I can answer your question by telling you about a personal experience I had. That’s an interesting question…let me see. Well, I suppose that… Yes, that’s a big issue.

雅思考官口语高分战略

Chapter 1 Importance of structure 雅思口语考官检查四个方面： Pronunciation([pr?u,n?nsi'ei??n]: n. 发音；读法) 这考查你的重音和语调 Vocabulary（词汇）：Use BIG words, but make sure they are pronounced correctly and used in the correct context! 语法：Don’t worry too much about making mistakes but be sure to use a variety of ways to describe different tenses and try to use high-level grammar. Fluency/Coherence (流利/连贯)：There are many skills involved with this part! The most important skill-structure-is what this book is about! 上面4部分，每一部分都很重要，各项得分相加的总和除以4就是你的得分。在“Pronunciation，Vocabulary，grammar，Fluency/Coherence ”四部分中，花1个月分别训练各项，训练Fluency/Coherence所取得的进步最大，得分最高，因此，最后一个月，我训练的重点应该是Fluency/Coherence。（因为我说的越流利，就越显自然，越像是母语使用者，分数必然高!）想要提高“流利度”分数一定要构思好如何来回应！ To simplify, “fluency”refers to how natural you are and “coherence”refers to how clear/well-organized you are. In particular, in both the speaking and writing tests, structure is very important. 插一小段内容谈写作：有些作文组织的很好，有清晰的结构并且用了好的连接词或短语。这类作文大多数我都给了高分。还有些作文毫无组织，几乎看不懂，无法理解。有些学生的作文甚至不分段落，所以文章感觉像是冗长而且杂乱无章的演说。这会使考官发疯的！小技巧：使用段落！！作文当中的很多问题在于有没有准备！我们等一下会讲准备工作在口语第二项测试中有多重要！老实说，有组织的文章结构加上简单明了、易于考官理解的观点比较好。这样至少能保证你得一个不错的分数。（这一点同样适用于口语考试，如果你有疑惑，follow this guideline!）Chapter 2 Basic structure Here is the basic structure that you can/should use for almost every question: Firstly, when you respond to a question, you answer needs some kinds of introduction. Let’s call this the: say something stage (评论阶段). When the examiner ask you a question, don’t directly answer the question (even if you only say

雅思口语考试万能语句完整版

雅思口语考试万能语句 HEN system office room 【HEN16H-HENS2AHENS8Q8-HENH1688】

雅思口语考试万能语句1. 与考官见面用语 Glad to meet you here.? 很高兴见到你。 How nice to see you.? 能见到你太好了。 Fancy seeing you.? 见到你真好。 How are you?? 你好吗？ I’m glad to have had the opportunity to meet you here.? 我很高兴能有机会见到你。 I’m glad to meet you.? 我很高兴能见到你。 I’m please to meet you. 我很开心能见到你。 It’s a pleasure to meet you. 能见到你很开心。 2. 对考官所提问题完全听不懂 Could you please rephrase that question / topic?? 你能把这个问/话题换种说法再说一次吗？ I’m not exactly sure what you mean…? 我不在确定你指的是什么。。。 3. 对考官所提问题似懂非懂，要核实对考官所提问题的理解是否正确 Do you mean…?? 你指的是。。。

If I understand right,…? 如果我没有理解错的话。。。 I’m sorry if I’m being a little slow, but…?? 不好意思如果我理解慢了，但是。。。 I’m sorry, I’m not sure I understand. Do you mean (that)…?? 不好意思，我不能确定我完全理解了。你指的是。。。 So am I right in saying…?? 所以我可以说。。。 If I’ve got the picture, then…? 如果我理解了的话，那。。。 So what you mean is…, right？所以你想说明的是。。。对吗？ Sorry I don’t quite catch you. You mean…?? 对不起我没完全理解，你指的是。。。 Can I get one thing clear?? 我可以确认一下吗？ Would I be correct in supposing…?? 所以我假设。。。是对的吗？? 4. 对考官所提问题的内容不熟悉 I’m not exactly sure how to answer that question, but (perhaps)…? 我不太确定怎么回答这个问题，但是（也许）。。。 That’s a rather difficult question, but (maybe)… 这是一个相对来说有点难度的问题，但是（也许）。。。 I’m sorry, but I don’t know much about…? 不好意思，但是我对于。。。不是很了解。 5. 评价考官所提问题 That’s difficult to answer, but (maybe)…?

应对雅思口语考官有什么秘诀

应对雅思口语考官有什么秘诀如何取得雅思口语考官的认同是拿到雅思口语高分的要点。下面就和大家分享应对雅思口语考官有什么秘诀,希望能帮助到大家，来欣赏一下吧。应对雅思口语考官有什么秘诀答雅思考官问窍门一：凡事尽量说好的一面在回答问题时应表现正面的态度。考生通常都应该诚实地回答所有问题，但有一些问题，回答的时候还是应该保持比较正面，尽量说好的一面。例如问你对自己家乡的印象，就算你真的认为非常不堪，也不应说出口。一句话，不要complain。答雅思考官问窍门二：答案须清晰而详细千万不要刻意用一些深奥或复杂的字来解释事情。不要以为这样可以加深考官的印象，一个简洁明了的答案绝对比一个复杂难懂的答案好。但要指出的是，简单的答案并不等于短答案，答案太短会使整个面试有太多的停顿，而考官也要大伤脑筋多想问题，你面临的问题也就会更多。答雅思考官问窍门三：把握考场节奏

首先，你尽可能地多说，让考官少说，但也不要走上极端，把两个人的交谈变成一个人的演讲，要注意分寸。雅思口语技巧,不出国考雅思有用吗我们每一个考生并不应期望着考官会问到我们已准备的问题，但是如果遇到，不要word-for-word地把自己准备好的答案滔滔不绝地背诵出来，给人一种明显在背书的感觉。这是一种最危险的做法，当他知道你在背诵事先准备好的答案，他会打断你而改变另一个话题。你可能会失去这个好机会而陷入困境。考生应该巧妙地运用一些犹豫表达，好像在边想边说，同时也可以询问一两句考官的想法。另外，在交谈过程中，考生也会被问到自己不熟悉的话题。有些考生过于紧张，会出现冷场现象，这时千万不要沉默，没反应，或苦思冥想。这样不仅没有解决问题，反而给考官留下一种不会表达自己的印象。考生应尽量控制谈话，试着改变题目;对比较难回答的问题，尽量偏离它。答雅思考官问窍门四：熟用下列表达方式 Good morning. Good afternoon. I’m very well. Thank you. Pleased to meet you. I beg your pardon. What exactly would you like to know? Perhaps I can begin by telling you about… Recently, I’ve been studying at … Recently, I’ve been working at … I’ve been studying English for (1 year)... The reason I’m taking the test is because … Would you like to know about …? Before that I studied

浅谈雅思口语Part2开场白

浅谈雅思口语Part2开场白朗阁雅思培训中心雅思口语Part2要求各位考生在1分钟的准备时间之后，进行2分钟的陈述。不少考生不太注重开场白，甚至完全没有说开场白而直接进入描述，这样不仅使陈述听起来不完整，也会在一定程度上影响到最后的分数。开场白的目的，就是为了引起考官的兴趣，和考官建立积极的关系，建立可信度，同时也能概括主干部分的内容，让整个Part2陈述听起来更为自然。以下针对开场白中引起考官兴趣这一目的，为考生们提供不同的开场方式。一、提到考官，使之与话题联系在一起在谈到“Describe a hobby you have”这一话题时，一位考生是这样开场的： Today I am going to talk about collecting postcards—a hobby that is both fascinating and financially rewarding. I would like to explain the basic kinds of collectible postcards, why they are so valuable, and how collectors buy and sell their cards. 而另一位考生则给出了不一样的开场白： It’s Saturday morning, and you are helping clean out your grandmother’s house. After working a while, you stumble upon a trunk, open it, and discover hundreds of old postcards. Thinking about getting to your driving lesson on time, you start tossing the cards into the trash can. Congratulations! You have just thrown away a year’s tuition. 对比之后，我们很快就发现，第二位考生的开场白效果比第一位考生的开场白好，因为它很好地将考官融入进来，抓住了考官的兴趣点，使之后主干部分的陈述更为顺利。

Simon考官雅思口语范文part1-word版(汇总-59页)

1) At what age did you start studying mathematics? I can't exactly remember, but it was probably in my first year at primary school when I was 5 years old. I probably learnt simple addition at that age. 2) Do you like mathematics? Why / why not? I don't dislike maths, but I wouldn't say that I've ever really liked the subject either. I'm happy to do simple calculations, but my brain can't cope with the complex stuff! 3) Is it necessary for everyone to learn mathematics? Yes, I think it is. We all need a basic grounding in maths so that we can do daily tasks, like managing our money, working out bills, and so on. 4) Do you prefer to use a calculator when doing mathematics? It depends. I quite like exercising my brain with anything that's easy enough, but I use the calculator on my phone for anything tricky.