英语辩论赛
第十五届“外研社杯”全国英语辩论赛湖北大学校园选拔赛
“外研社杯”全国英语辩论赛是由外语教学与研究出版社和剑桥大学出版社联合主办，国际教育辩论协会、中国英语教学研究会、英语口语联盟、《英语学习》杂志协办的国内水平最高、影响最大的全国性英语辩论比赛。该项赛事自1997年以来每年举办一届。第十五届“外研社杯”全国英语辩论赛定于2011年5月7日至5月14日在北京外研社国际会议中心举行。
为全面提高学生英语综合应用能力，激发广大学生学习英语的积极性，营造浓厚英语学习氛围，学校决定举办第十五届“外研社杯”全国英语辩论赛湖北大学选拔赛。现将有关事项通知如下：.
一、参赛对象：湖北大学所有在校全日制学生（不含研究生与博士生）
二、报名方式：参赛队伍设置上限为40队
1）由大学英语任课教师从所任教的09、10级学生中选拔两名辩手（分为一辩和二辩）参赛, 任课教师为该辩论队指导老师。
2）全校学生自由组合组成辩论队参赛，指导教师可以为老师也可以是学生。
3）英语专业学生可以在外国语学院学生办公室或通过班级同意报名。也可以跨班级、年级组队报名。
4）报名截止时间：2011年3月23日
三、比赛形式：
本次选拔赛采取英国议会制辩论形式，选手随机抽签分组，辩论赛不分专业组或非专业组。赛前将组织专业培训，比赛由外国语学院教师担任评委。
四、赛前培训
组委会将分别对辩手、评委和工作人员进行赛前培训。
1）对辩手的培训
① 下发第二届英国议会制辩论赛日程安排；
② 学习外研社杯去年的比赛视频，同时由我校辩论队的同学进行示范辩论，同时由曾带队参与往届“外研社杯”全国英语辩论赛的知道老师讲解比赛规程、辩论技巧、评分标准和注意事项等；
培训时间：3月24日（星期四）14:30—16:00
培训地点： 外国语学院
2）对评委和工作人员的培训
① 分发赛程安排表（包括比赛时间、场地和人员配置）、初赛和复赛选题、评分标准和工作细则
② 评委和工作人员观看示范辩论的录像
③ 组委会演示和宣讲赛程安排、比赛程序、评分标准和工作细则，并回答评委和工作人员的提问。
培训时间：3月24日（星期四）下午16:00—17:30
培训地点：外国语学院
五、比赛赛程
英国议会制辩论赛分为初赛、复赛和决赛三个阶段。
1. 初赛
时间：4月9日（星期六）上午9:00—11:00；下午14:00—16:00
地点：
赛制：循环赛制 —— 每支队伍将分别参加上、下午比赛。赛题、对手和评委均会发生改变。
投票和抽签：4月9日
上午，下午，并抽签决定正、反方（即，正方一队、正方二队、反方一队、反方二队）。
评判：评委团根据每队综合表现，对参与每场辩论的四支队伍进行排序。第一名得分4分，第二名得分3分，第三名得分2分，第四名得分1分。之后，评委团根据每位辩手履行各自辩论职责的情况为每位辩手打分。得分排列在前八名的队伍进入复赛。
2. 复赛
时间：4月10日（星期天）
地点：
赛制：淘汰赛制
投票和抽签：入围复赛的八支队伍委派各自的一名代表于4月9日8:00前往 室抽签决定赛场。4月9日8:30，八支队伍抵达各自的比赛场地，并抽签决定正、反方（即，正方一队、正方二队、反方一队、反方二队）。
评判：评委团根据每队综合表现，对参与每组辩论的四支队伍进行排序。第一名得分4分，第二名得分3分，第三名得分2分，第四名得分1分。之后，评委团根据辩手履行各自辩论职责的情况，为每位辩手打分。每组得分排列在前四名的队伍入围决赛，每组另四支队伍获得该项比赛团体优胜奖。
3. 决赛
时间： 4月10日（星期四）晚上19:00-21:00
地点：湖北大学学术报告厅
投票和抽签：入围决赛的四支队伍于4月10日18:30前往赛场，并抽签决定正、反方（即，正方一队、正方二队、反方一队、反方二队）。
评判：评委团根据每支辩论队的综合表现，对各组的四支队伍进行排序，评出冠军队各一支；亚军队各一支；季军队各两支。另外，两组评委团评选出最佳辩手各两名和热情观众若干名。
六、奖励办法：本次选拔赛设一等奖1名，二等奖3名，三等奖4名。一等奖获得者将代表我校参加第十五届“外研社杯”全国英语辩论赛。所有获奖选手将获得荣誉证书和奖品。
七、全国总决赛流程或者辩论赛官网： https://www.sodocs.net/doc/8312905155.html,
八、未尽事宜，请与该竞赛负责人外国语学院周红兵老师联系
电话：153********，邮箱： hbzhou@https://www.sodocs.net/doc/8312905155.html, 。
湖北大学外国语学院团委
2011年3月17日
附：比赛的官方章程（大赛官方网站： https://www.sodocs.net/doc/8312905155.html, ，获得更多的比赛信息）
The Charter of FLTRP Cup National English Debating Competition General Rules
1. Introduction
The “FLTRP CUP” National English Debating Competition (hereafter referred to as “the Competition”) inaugurated in 1997 is the only national English debating event in China. The FLTRP CUP National English Debating Competition is jointly hosted by the Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, Cambridge University Press and the International Debate Education Association (IDEA), coordinated by the C
hina English Language Education Association (CELEA), English Speaking Union (ESU), English Language Learning magazine (ELL), and sponsored by CASIO (Shanghai).
2. Competition Format
The Competition shall be conducted in the British Parliamentary Debating Style (also known as
The World Universities Debating Championships Style) as defined in Part 2.
3. Required qualifications for the competition
A debater must be a registered full-time undergraduate of Chinese nationality in a Chinese territory educational institution. Those who have won overseas awards of the past CCTV CUP English Speaking Contest or past FLTRP CUP National English Debating Competition are excluded from participating in the FLTRP Cup.
The British Parliamentary format
1. The Teams
Four teams of two debaters participate in each British Parliamentary debate round. The teams supporting the motion are referred to as the "Proposition." The teams arguing against the motion are known as the "Opposition" teams. Two teams represent the Proposition: the Opening Proposition and the Closing Proposition. Two teams represent the Opposition: the Opening Opposition and the Closing Opposition. Each of these teams competes against all other teams in the round and will be ranked 1st through 4th at the conclusion of the debate.
Opening Proposition
Opening Opposition
Closing Proposition
Closing Opposition
2. Speaker Order
Each speaker will present a single speech in the order prescribed below.
Speaker
Common Titles for Speaker
Time
Opening Proposition Team, 1st speaker
"Prime Minister" or “Leader of the Proposition”
7 minutes
Opening Opposition Team, 1st speaker
"Leader of the Opposition"
7 minutes
Opening Proposition Team, 2nd speaker
"Deputy Prime Minister" or "Deputy Leader of the Proposition"
7 minutes
Opening Opposition Team, 2nd speaker
"Deputy Leader of the Opposition"
7 minutes
Closing Proposition Team, 1st speaker
"Member of the Proposition" "
7 minutes
Closing Opposition Team, 1st speaker
"Member of the Opposition"
7 minutes
Closing Proposition Team, 2nd speaker
"Proposition Whip"
7 minutes
Closing Opposition Team, 2nd speaker
"Opposition Whip"
7 minutes
3. Speech timing
Each speech will be 7 minutes. Points of Information are allowed after the first minute and before the last minute of all speeches.
Timing of the speech begins when the speaker begins speaking; all material—including acknowledgements, introductions, etc.—will be timed. A timekeeper will provide a series of signals during each speech as follows:
Timing
Signal
1:00
Single ring of a bell (POIs allowed)
6:00
Single ring of a bell (POIs no longer allowed)
7:00
Double ring of a bell (Conclusion of speaking time)
7:15
Continuous ringing (Conclusion of grace period)
Once the double ring has sounded, speake
rs have a 15-second ‘grace period', during which they should conclude their remarks. The grace period is not a time for new matter to be introduced, and any new matter offered in the grace period may be discounted by the adjudicators. Speakers continuing after this ‘grace period' may be penalized by the adjudication panel.
4.Speaker Roles
Each speaker has a role and each speech has a specific purpose. The descriptions of speaker roles listed below are suggestive and are not intended to be exhaustive or exclusive. For reasons that vary from debate to debate, speakers may sometimes need to fulfill roles not mentioned here and speeches may be constructed to serve other purposes as long as Proposition speakers affirm the motion and Opposition speakers oppose it.
All speakers, except the final speakers for the Proposition and Opposition (Proposition and Opposition Whips), should introduce new material. All debaters should refute the opposing teams' arguments, except the Prime Minister.
Speaker
Role and Responsibility
"Prime Minister" or "Leader of the Proposition”
The first speaker's responsibility is to present a case supporting the motion. The primary role of Opening Proposition team, initiated in this speech, is to establish the foundation for meaningful debate on the motion.
“Leader of the Opposition"
The Opening Opposition's primary team role is to counter the first Proposition team's case through direct or indirect refutation and/or provide substantive arguments against the motion.
"Deputy Prime Minister"
This speaker should refute the Leader of the Opposition's speech, and further develop the Opening Proposition team's case.
"Deputy Leader of the Opposition"
This speaker supports his or her teammate, answering objections from the other side and introducing additional arguments or support.
"Member of the Proposition"
This speaker should support the position developed by the Opening Proposition team by introducing an extension. A successful extension will develop a distinct argument identity for the Closing Proposition team while supporting the Opening Proposition team. The Member of the Proposition may also refute the arguments made by the Deputy Leader of the Opposition.
"Member of the Opposition"
This speaker should support the position developed by the Opening Opposition team and must also introduce an extension. As with the Member Proposition, the Member Opposition's extension will be most successful if it establishes a unique argument identity that distinguishes the Closing from the Opening Opposition while continuing the general direction of argument initiated by the Opening Opposition. The Member Opposition may also directly or indirectly refute the arguments of the Member Proposition.
"Proposition Whip"
This speaker summarizes the Proposition's arguments and summarizes the refutation of the Opposition side. With the exception of refuting the Member Oppositio
n's extension, the speaker should not introduce positive (new) matter.
"Opposition Whip"
This speaker summarizes opposition to the extension and makes reply to each team's position in the debate. This speaker should not introduce positive (new) matter.
5. The Motions
A single motion will be announced thirty minutes prior to the beginning of the debate and will be presented to all debaters simultaneously in a general assembly. A different motion will be used for each round.
Motions typically focus on current issues or timeless controversies and are phrased in a way that is intended to be specific and unambiguous.
6.Focus and content of debates
British Parliamentary debating is a contest of ideas in which the Proposition teams are responsible for providing reasons why the motion is true and the Opposition teams are responsible for providing reasons why the motion is not true or why the Proposition has failed to prove the motion true. All teams have a responsibility to refute, either directly or indirectly, arguments presented by the opposing side.
Motions are written in plain language. The debaters—particularly the Opening Proposition team—should respect the meaning and focus of the motion. While the Opening Proposition team may clarify the meaning of terms in the motion, they should not attempt to alter the meaning of the motion. The Leader of the Proposition should provide any clarification of terms at the beginning of his or her speech.
In the majority of cases, the clarification provided by the Opening Proposition team will serve as an adequate foundation for the rest of the debate. Should the Opening Proposition fail to make clear the focus of the debate, or if the interpretation offered by the Opening Proposition team completely inhibits meaningful debate or completely misinterprets the meaning the motion, the Opening Opposition may offer clarification of the terms of the motion. No teams beyond the Opening Proposition and Opening Opposition may substantially modify the terms of the motion.
7.Preparation
All debates shall commence 30 minutes after the motion has been announced. Debaters may consult any written materials during the preparation time. Except for the designated CASIO electronic dictionary, no access to other electronic media or electronic storage or retrieval devices is permitted after motions have been released. Printed and prepared materials may be accessed during a debate.
Debaters may confer with their debate partner during preparation time. Debaters may also confer with one tutor from their university during the preparation time.Debaters may not confer with any other individuals (i.e.: coaches, other debaters, trainers, adjudicators, etc.) during the preparation time.
The Opening Proposition shall have the right to prepare in the debating venue. All other teams must prepare in separate locations.
Teams must arrive at their chamber within five minutes of the time of comm
encement of debate. Teams failing to arrive in time will forfeit the debate, at the discretion of the Chair of the panel.
8.Points of Information
Debaters may request a point of information (either verbally or by rising) at any time after the first minute, and before the last minute, of any speech.
The debater holding the floor may accept or refuse any points of information within this time. If accepted, the debater making the request has fifteen seconds to make a statement or ask a question. During the point of information, the speaking time of the floor debater continues. Management of Points of Information—for both the debaters offering and answering Points of Information—will be considered in the adjudicators' ranking of teams and assignment of individual speaker points. No other parliamentary points such as points of order or points of personal privilege are allowed.
Adjudication
1. The Adjudication staff
In general, the Chief Adjudicator is responsible for monitoring the quality and efficacy of adjudication at the competition. Specifically, the Chief Adjudicator will participate in the training of adjudicators, administer and mark the adjudication test, rank adjudicators, oversee the placement of adjudicators into panels, oversee on-going evaluation of the adjudicators in the pool, identify the pool of Elimination Round adjudicators and Chair the Final Round.
The Chief Adjudicator may select a number of Deputy Chief Adjudicators to assist with these responsibilities.
The adjudication pool may be comprised of guest adjudicators, independent adjudicators, and others as deemed qualified by the Adjudication staff.
The tutor from each university must serve as an adjudicator for the competition.
2. The role of the adjudicators
Prior to the competition, adjudicators should be ranked as either “Chairs,” “Panelists” or “Trainees.” Each debate should be adjudicated by at least one “Chair” level adjudicator. Ideally, each debate will be adjudicated by a panel comprised of one “Chair” and two “Panelist” level adjudicators.
Each Preliminary round will be judged by panel comprised of an odd number of adjudicators, typically 3. Each Elimination round will be judged by a panel of adjudicators comprised of an odd number of adjudicators, typically 5. Each panel will have a designated Chair. Panels may include Trainee adjudicators who will participate in the deliberation of the debate but will not have their decision recorded.
Following each round, the debaters will be dismissed and the each adjudicator must confer upon and discuss the debate with the other adjudicators to determine the rankings of the teams and determine the individual speaker marks. The panel will attempt to reach consensus in their adjudication. Should the panel be unable to reach consensus, the will of the majority of adjudicators on the panel will prevail.
3. The role of the Chair
The Chair will be r
esponsible for administering the round (calling the house to order, acknowledging the speakers, maintaining order, etc.). Following the debate, the Chair should facilitate the panel's deliberation to promote participation and input from the other panelists.
Following the deliberation, the Chair should complete the ballot provided by the tournament administrators, noting particularly that the ballot accurately reflects the will of the panel with regard to team rankings and speaker scores. The ballot should be returned to the tournament staff prior to the oral adjudication. Once the ballot has been delivered, the Chair should invite the debaters back into the venue and provide an oral adjudication to the teams.
Ranking teams in Preliminary Rounds
Following each Preliminary round and as a result of the adjudication panel's consideration, teams should be ranked from 1st place to 4th place. Ties in rank are not permitted.
Teams automatically may receive 4th when they fail to arrive at the debate more than five minutes after the scheduled time for debate. Teams automatically may receive 4th place where the adjudicators unanimously agree that the team or one member of a team has harassed another debater on the basis of religion, sex, race, color, nationality, sexual orientation or disability. In any case, the debate should continue to provide all teams in the round the opportunity to earn a rank.
Teams should be ranked on the basis of their matter and manner.
Matter refers to the content and substance of a team's arguments. Matter includes arguments and reasoning, evidence, examples, case studies, facts, statistics and any other material that a team uses to further the case. Matter includes both positive (or substantive) material and refutation (arguments specifically aimed to counter the arguments of the opposing team(s)).
Matter should be relevant, logical and consistent. It should relate to the issues of the debate: positive material should support the case being presented and refutation should engage the material presented by the opposing team(s). Arguments should be developed logically in order to be clear and well reasoned and therefore plausible. The conclusion of all arguments should support the member's case. Members should ensure that the matter they present is consistent within their speech, their team and the remainder of the members on their side of the debate. All members should present positive matter (except the final two members in the debate) and all members should engage in refutation (except the first member in the debate). The Government Whip may choose to present positive matter if it is relevant to refuting the Member of the Opposition's extension.
Manner refers to the strategy and presentation of a team's arguments. Manner includes elements such as argument choice, speech structure, vocal and physical delivery, use of POIs, and so forth.
Manner should enhance the team's effort to prove or disprove the motion
and should be compelling. To enhance their effort, the team should appropriately prioritize and apportion time to the dynamic issues of the debate, present their arguments in an order that is clear and logical, engage the arguments of the opposing side through direct or indirect refutation. Compelling manner is that which presents the material in a way that demonstrates a concern for vocal and physical presentation. Compelling teams deliver arguments with appropriate levels of passion, present their material in a way that attends to appropriate vocal and physical delivery, and avoid behaviors that detract from the force and effectiveness of their arguments.
This description of matter and manner is necessarily incomplete. The adjudication panel should assess the totality of each team's efforts (including, but not limited to, matter and manner) to achieve a just and fair decision.
Participants in FLTRP CUP must be aware that they will experience many different debating styles from the different universities and experience levels represented therein. There is no single ‘correct' or ‘right' style to adopt in this competition.
1. Assigning speaker scores
After the adjudicators have agreed upon the ranking for each team, the panel should determine the speaker scores for each debater. Individual speaker scores should be assigned as follows, where a score of 75 would reflect an average effort at the tournament.
Points
Meaning
90-100
Excellent to flawless. The standard of speech you would expect to see from a speaker at the Grand Final level of the tournament. This speaker has many strengths and few, if any, weaknesses.
80-89
Above average to very good. The standard you would expect to see from a speaker at the semi finals level or in contention to make to the finals. This speaker has clear strengths and some minor weaknesses.
70-79
Average. The speaker has strengths and weaknesses and roughly equal proportions.
60-69
Poor to below average. The team has clear problems and some minor strength.
50-59
Very poor. This speaker has fundamental weaknesses and few, if any, strengths.
The aggregate of the two team members' individual speaker scores will comprise their team's team score. Each team must receive a team score appropriate to their rank in the debate; no “low point wins” may be assigned. For example, if the 2nd place team in the round is assigned an aggregate team score of 170 points, the 1st place team must receive at least 171 aggregate points. Ties in team scores are not permitted.
2. Deliberations
The deliberations of the adjudication panel shall be closed; only the members of the adjudication panel and the timer may remain in the room for the panel's deliberation.
Trainee adjudicators may participate in the deliberation but shall not have their opinion recorded.
All notes made of the round or the deliberation is the sole property of the adjudicators. The adjudicat
ors may not be compelled to make available their notes of the round or the deliberation.
Adjudicators should confer in a spirit of cooperation and mutual respect. The panel's deliberations should not exceed 15 minutes.
3. Oral Adjudication
Following the adjudication panel's deliberation and after the ballot has been returned to the tournament staff, the Chair should offer the teams an oral adjudication that reveals the teams' rankings, the reason for the panel's decision and comments and suggestions for improvement. Team points should not be revealed during an oral adjudication.
Other panelists may participate in the oral adjudication at their discretion and as time permits. The oral adjudication should not exceed 10 minutes.
Debaters must not harass the adjudicators following the verbal adjudication.
Debaters may approach an adjudicator for further clarification following the oral adjudication; these inquiries must at all times be polite and non-confrontational.
Oral adjudications shall be offered only in the Mock round and Preliminary rounds 1-6.
4. Adjudication in Elimination Rounds
In the Octofinal, Quarterfinal and Semifinal Elimination Rounds, the adjudication panels shall select two teams from each debate to advance to the next Elimination Round. In the Final Elimination Round, the adjudication panel shall select a single team as the “Champion” team; all other teams in the Final Round shall be designated “Finalists” without a ranking.
The Semifinal and Final Round adjudication panels may be comprised, in part, of guest adjudicators. If guest adjudicators are used, they should be familiar with the format of debating and the rules of the competition as expressed in the Charter. In all cases, the number of Chair-level adjudicators should be greater than the number of guest adjudicators on the adjudication panel.
Grievance Policy
1. Constitution of the Grievance Committee
The Grievance Committee will be comprised of two members: one representative from the International Debate Education Association and one representative from the FLTRP. The Chief Adjudicator and the Convenor will act as an ex officio members of the Grievance Committee
The Grievance Committee will be responsible for hearing, investigating and resolving grievances brought by the participants in the FLTRP Cup.
2. Definition of a Grievance
A grievance is an allegation of a rule violation or a breech of conduct on the part of (a) participant(s), competitor(s) or judge(s) in the FTLRP Cup. Grievances concern errors in the process of administering or contesting the round.
Adjudicators' decisions about substantive issues debated in the round are not subject to the grievance policy. With the exception of those decisions that are the product of some defect in procedure, the decision of the adjudicator(s) will not be overturned.
To be valid, a grievance must be filed in writing with the Grievance Committee.
Any matter
may be discussed informally with the Chief Adjudicator or the Convenor prior to a participant filing a grievance.
3. Processing a Grievance
Filing a Grievance
A grievance should be filed as soon as possible after the event that gave rise to the grievance. In general, the grievance committee will not consider grievances that address events from a round immediately previous after the subsequent round has begun.
The written grievance should contain the following information
a. Name, role (debater, coach, tutor, adjudicator, etc.) and university affiliation of the participant filing the grievance.
b. Date, time, location and round in which the event that gave rise to the grievance occurred.
c. Participants who observed or participated in the event that gave rise to the grievance.
d. A brief description of the event that gave rise to the grievance.
e. Identification of the section of the FLTRP Cup Charter that allegedly was violated.
f. The remedy sought by the participant who filed the grievance
Upon receiving a written grievance, the Grievance Committee may interview the grievant(s).
If the Grievance Committee feels an investigation is warranted, they shall move the grievance to the investigation stage.
If the Grievance Committee feels that no further investigation is warranted, they shall declare the grievance dismissed.
Investigating a Grievance
The Grievance Committee may interview any participant whom they believe will help them understand the events that gave rise to the grievance.
Interviews of participants may be conducted in private.
The Grievance Committee may review any documents they believe will help them understand the events that gave rise to the grievance.
The investigation phase of the grievance processing should be concluded as soon as possible.
Resolving a Grievance
The Grievance Committee has broad discretion when deciding how a grievance will be resolved.
In general, the resolution for a grievance will be focused on preventing the circumstances that caused the grievance from arising again.
A written notice of the decision of the Grievance Committee shall be provided to the Chief Adjudicator and the Convener, with copies to the affected participants.
4.Finality of Decision: Any decision of the grievance committee is final and may not be appealed.