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考博英语阅读理解题型及答题技巧

考博英语阅读理解题型及答题

技巧

博士生入学考试

一事实细节题

?1.命题规律

?1)列举处指的是first…..,second,…..third…等并列关系词出现的部分。

?2)举例和打比方的地方常考。

?3)指示代词出现处常考

?4)引用人物论断处常考

?5)特殊标点符号后的内容常考

?破折号,括号,冒号,引号

2答题技巧

?1)针对例子、引言、特殊符号,要对号入座

?2)针对某一段的内容提问

?3)选项中照抄原文的一般不是答案,而同义词替换的一般是答案

?4)选项中较具体和肤浅地表达了字面意思地一般不是答案,而概括性地、抽象、含义深刻地是答案项

?5)选项内容与其他三项有较大差别的,可能为答案

?6)答案项中有绝对语气词的一般不是正确答案?7)选项中符合一般常识,意义深刻富有哲理,属于普遍现象的往往是答案

?8)细节干扰项特点:

?与原句内容相反

?与原文内容一般相同一半不同

?与原句内容相似但过于绝对化

?原文没有提到

二判断词汇和短语的意义题

?1 命题规律

?1)含有指示代词的句中常有被考察词汇?2)具体环境中具有指代上下文语义功能的词汇

?3)一词多义的常见词

?4)对比处常考

?5)复杂句常考

2 应试技巧

?1)看所考词汇与全篇文章主题的关系,关系相近符合主题的是答案

?2)通过连接词关系判断被考词汇含义–And 表接近和递进

–Or表示相反或进一步解释和说明

?3)选项含义与被考单词在含义上肤浅相近的一般不是答案

?4)利用被考词的修饰、限定成分判断其含义?5)定冠词the+被考词汇,前句有解

?6)选项内容全面、概括性强的一般是答案

三推理判断题

? 1 命题规律

?1)综合性推论和判断题常会围绕文章出题,归纳篇首、篇尾及段落中的主题句

?2)合性推论和判断题还可围绕文章若干段落进行,要求推论和判断段落间的关系

?3)对支持主题思想的细节部分进行判断推理?4)文章和段落的开头处,尤其是文章结尾总结处常被考

?5)语义转折处常考

2 应试技巧

?1)若要求对某段内容进行判断、推论,那么就只看提干要求做答的那一段

?2)选项措辞过于绝对化的,一般不是答案项?3)合乎常理的选项一般是答案项,照抄原文和对文中做字面解释的则不是答案

?4)弄清主题思想

?5)逻辑推理题干扰项特点

?不是在文章事实基础上进行推理

?推理过头,概括过度

四主旨大意题

?1 命题规律

?1)段首、段尾句常考

?2)特殊标点符号,尤其段首的特殊符号的内容往往表达了作者的论点

?3)语义转折处,尤其在段首的语义转折处常是考点

?4)因果句常考

2 应试技巧

?1)答案很可能在首尾段

?2)出现频率高的词可能是蕴涵中心思想的关键词

?3)判断选项内容,片面、单一的内容应排除?4)主旨大意题干扰项特点

?只是局部信息,或是一句没有展开的化,或是某一段的内

?概括范围太宽

?无关信息

五观点态度题

?1 命题规律

?1)涉及文章中心思想处易考

?2)作者提出观点处易考

?3)语义转折和强对比处易考

?4)文章中有复杂句、特殊句型处易考

2 应试技巧

?1)辨别文体

?议论文中心句

?说明文中立

?描述性文找暗示性短语和词汇

2)分析段落大意,分析文章走向

3)区分不同的观点注意直接引语和间接引语

In my view, in my opinion, personally, I think,

I hold

4 )分清选项中的褒义词、中性词和贬义词

褒义词positive, supporting,praising, optimistic,admiring, interesting, humorous, serious, enthusiastic, pleasant, polite, concerned, sober

贬义词?Disgusted, critical, negative, suspicious, tolerant, worried, pessimistic, depressed, disappointed, ironic, sarcastic, bitter, cynical, sentimental, emotional, angry

中性词?Indifferent, impassive, uninterested, ambivalent, neutral, impersonal, subjective, objective, informative, impartial, apathetic

文体鉴别词?Formal, informal, casual

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