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培根Of Studies原文及三个汉译版本

【原文】

1）Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment and disposition of business. For expert men can execute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling of affairs come best from those that are learned.

2）To spend too much time in studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornament is affection; to make judgment wholly by their rules is the humor of a scholar. They perfect nature and are perfected by experience: for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need pruning by study, and studies themselves do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in by experience.

3）Crafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them, for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them and above them, won by observation. Read not to contradict and confuse; nor to believe and take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and consider.

4）Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read, but not curiously; and some few to be ready wholly, and with diligence and attention. Some books also may be read by deputy and extracts made of them by others; but that would be only in the less important arguments, and the meaner sort of books; else distilled books are, like common distilled waters, flashy things.

5）Reading makes a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. And therefore, if a man write little, he had need have a great memory; if he confer little, he had need have a present wit; and if he read little, he had need have much cunning to seem to know that he doth not.

6）Histories make men wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtle; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend. Abeunt studia in mores. Nay there is no stond or impediment in the wit, but may be wrought out by fit studies: like as diseases of the body may have appropriate exercises. Bowling is good for the stone and reins; shooting for the lungs and breast; gentle walking for the stomach; riding for the head; and the like. So if a man’s wit be wande ring, let him study the mathematics; for in demonstrations, if his wit be called away never so little, he must begin again. If his wit be not apt to distinguish or find differences, let him study the schoolmen; for they are symini sectores. If he be not apt to beat over matters, and to call up one thing to prove and illustrate another, let him study the lawyers’ cases. So every defect of the mind may have a special receipt.

Abeunt studia in mores: Studies pass into the character

Symini sectores: dividers of cumin seeds, or hair-splitters

【译文】

一、王佐良译：

谈读书

读书足以怡情，足以傅彩，足以长才。其怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；其傅彩也，最见于高谈阔论之中；其长才也，最见于处世判事之际。练达之士虽能分别吃力细事或一一判别枝节，然纵观统筹、全局策划，则舍好学深思者莫属。读书费时过多易惰，文采藻饰太盛则矫，全凭条文断事乃学究故态。读书补天然之不足，经验又补读书之不足，盖天生才干犹如自然花草，读书然后知如何修剪移接；而书种所示，如不以经验范之，则又大而无当。

有一技之长鄙读书，无知者慕读书，唯明智之士用读书，然读书并不以用处告人，用书之智不在书种，而在书外，全凭观察得之。读书时不可存心诘难作者，不可尽信书上所言，亦不可只为寻章摘句，而应推敲细思。

书有课浅尝者，有可吞食者，少数则须咀嚼消化。换言之，有只须读其部分者，有只须大体涉猎者，少数则须全读，读时须全神贯注，孜孜不倦。书亦可请人代读，取其所作摘要，但只限题材较次或价值不高者，否则书经提炼犹如水经蒸馏，淡而五味矣。

读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，笔记使人准确。因此不常做笔记者须记忆特强，不常讨论者须天生聪颖，不常读书者须欺世有术，始能无知而显有知。

读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周密，科学使人深刻，论理学使人庄重，逻辑修辞之学使人善辨：凡有所学，皆成性格。人之才智但有滞碍，无不可读适当之书使之顺畅，一如身体百病，皆可借相宜之运动除之。滚球利睾肾，射箭利胸肺，慢步利肠胃，骑术利头脑，诸如此类。如智力不集中，可令读数学，盖演算须全神贯注，稍有分散即须重演；如不能辨异，可令读经院哲学，盖是辈皆吹毛求疵之人；如不善求同，不善以一物阐证另一物，可令读律师之案卷。如此头脑中凡有缺陷，皆有特药可医。

二、廖运范译文

论读书

读书能给人乐趣、文雅和能力。人们独居或退隐的时候，最能体会到读书的乐趣；谈话的时候，最能表现出读书的文雅；判断和处理事务的时候，最能发挥由读书而获得的能力。那些有实际经验而没有学识的人，也许能够一一实行或判断某些事物的细微末节，但对于事业的一般指导、筹划与处理，还是真正有学问的人才能胜任。耗费过多的时间去读书便是迟滞，过分用学问自炫便是矫揉造作，而全凭学理判断一切，则是书呆子的癖好。学问能美化人性，经验又能充实学问。天生的植物需要人工修剪，人类的本性也需要学问诱导，而学问本身又必须以经验来规范，否则便太迂阔了。

技巧的人轻视学问，浅薄的人惊服学问，聪明的人却能利用学问。因为学问本身并不曾把它的用途教给人，至于如何去应用它，那是在学问之外、超越学问之上、由观察而获得的一种聪明呢！读书不是为着药辩驳，也不是要盲目信从，更不是去寻找谈话的资料，而是要去权衡和思考。

有些书只需浅尝，有些书可以狼吞，有些书要细嚼慢咽，漫漫消化。也就是说，有的书只需选读，有的书只需浏览，有的书却必须全部精读。有些书不必去读原本，读读它们的节本就够了，但这仅限于内容不大重要的二流书籍：否则，删节过的往往就像蒸馏水一样，淡而无味。

读书使人渊博，论辨使人机敏，写作使人精细。如果一个人很少写作，他就需要有很强的记忆力；如果他很少辩论，就需要有机智；如果他很少读书，就需要很狡猾，对于自己不懂的事情，假装知道。

历史使人聪明，诗歌使人富于想象，数学使人精确，自然哲学使人深刻，伦理学使人庄重，逻辑学和修辞学使人善辩。总之，读书能陶冶个性。不仅如此，读书并且可以铲除一切心理上的障碍，正如适当的运动能够矫治身体上的某些疾病一般。例如，滚球有益于肾脏；射箭有益于胸肺；散步有益于肠胃；骑马有益于头脑等等。因此，假若一个人心神散乱，最好让他学习数学，因为在演算数学题目的时候，一定得全神贯注，如果注意力稍一分散，就必须得再从头做起。假若一个人拙于辨别差异，就让他去请教那些演绎派的大师们，因为他们正是剖析毫发的人。假若一个人心灵迟滞，不能举一反三，最好让他去研究律师的案件。所以每一种心理缺陷，都有一种特殊的补救良方。

三、孙有中译文

论学习

学习可以作为消遣，作为装点，也可以增进才能。其为消遣之用，主在独处、归休之时；为装点，则在高谈阔论之中；为才能，则在明辨是非、深谋远虑之间；因为专于一技者可以操持甚或判断一事一物，而唯有博学之士方能纵观全局，通权达变。

国度沉溺于学习是怠惰；国度炫耀学问是华而不实；食书不化乃书生之大疾。学习可以完善天性，并通过经验得以完善自身；因为天生之才犹如天然之草木，尚需通过学习加以修整；而纸上学位未免空谈，除非由经验加以约束。

聪颖者鄙视学习，愚鲁者羡慕学习，明智者利用学习；学习本身并不教人如何运用；唯有观察可以带来超越学习的智慧。读书不为争论长短，不为轻信盲从，也不为高谈阔论，而旨在衡情度理。

有些书可以浅尝辄止，有些书可以生吞，而有少数书应该细嚼慢咽，融会贯通；换言之，有些书可以阅读，但不必谨小慎微；而有少数书应该悉心通读，刻苦研习。有些书可以请人代读，也可以读其节选；但这只限于那些不够重要的论述和粗制滥造的书籍；否则，经过提炼的书犹如经过提炼的水一样，淡而无味。

读书使人充实，老论使人机智，笔记使人严谨；因此，假若一个人很少做笔记，那他需要有超人的记忆；假若他很少讨论，那他需要天资聪颖；而假若他很少读书，那他需要有充分的狡诈掩饰自己的无知。

读史使人明智，读诗使人聪颖，算数使人缜密，自然哲学使人深刻，伦理使人庄重，逻辑与修辞使人善辨。

总之，学习造就性格；不尽如此，心智中任何障碍可以通过恰当的学习来疏通。这正如身体尚的疾病可以通过恰当的锻炼来消除：滚球有益于腰肾，射箭有益于胸肺，慢步有益于肠胃，骑马有益于大脑，等等。因此，假若有人甚至懒散，那就让他学习算术，因为在演算中，注意力稍有分散，他就必须从头做起；假若他的智慧不足以辨别差异，那就让他学习经院哲学家，因为他们善于吹毛求疵；而假若他不擅处理事务，不能触类旁通，那就让他学习律师的案例。因此，心智上的每一种缺陷都可能有专门的药方。

Of Study培根论读书原文+翻译

Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse;and for ability, is in the judgment and disposition of business. 读书足以怡情，足以傅彩，足以长才。其怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；其傅彩也，最见于高谈阔论之中；其长才也，最见于处世判事之际。 For expert and execute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling of affairs, come best form those that are learned. To spend too much time in studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornament, is affectation; to make judgement wholly by their rules, is the humour of a scholar. 练达之士虽能分别处理细事或一一判别枝节，然纵观统筹，全局策划，则舍好学深思者莫属。读书费时过多易惰，文采藻饰太盛则矫，全凭条文断事乃学究故态。 They perfect nature, and are perfected by experience: for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need proyning by study; and studies themselves do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in by experience. 读书补天然之不足，经验又补读书之不足，盖天生才干犹如自然花草，读书然后知如何修剪移接，而书中所示，如不以经验范之，则又大而无当。 Crafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them; for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them, and above them, won by observation. 有一技之长者鄙读书，无知者羡读书，唯明智之士用读书，然书并不以用处告人，用书之智不在书中，而在书外，全凭观察得之。 Read not to contradict and confute; nor to believe and take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and consider. 读书时不可存心诘难读者，不可尽信书上所言，亦不可只为寻章摘句，而应推敲细思。 Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is, some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read, but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention. Some books also may be read by deputy, and extracts made of them by others; but that would be only in the less important arguments, and the meaner sort of books; else distilled books are,like common distilled waters, flashy things. 书有可浅尝者，有可吞食者，少数则须咀嚼消化。换言之，有只需读其部分者，有只须大体涉猎者，少数则须全读，读时须全神贯注，孜孜不倦。书亦可请人代读，取其所作摘要，但只限题材较次或价值不高者，否则书经提炼犹如水经蒸馏，淡而无味。 Reading maketh a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact therefore, if a man write little, he had need have a great memory; if he confer little, he had need have a present wit; and if he read little, he had need have much cunning, to seem to know that he doth not. 读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，笔记使人准确。因此不常做笔记者须记忆力特强，不常讨论者须天生聪颖，不常读书者须欺世有术，始能无知而显有知。 Histories make men wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtile; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend. Abeunt studia in morse. 读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周密，科学使人深刻，伦理学使人庄重，逻辑修辞之学使人善辩；凡有所学，皆成性格。

培根论读书读后感

培根《论读书》读后感姓名：赵雅琴学号：2011134057 专业：2011级汉语言文学

力量之始，精神之源 ——培根《论读书》读后感有一份心情，我们从未停下脚步去追寻；有一份梦想，我们从未放下翅膀去采撷。读书之梦、之乐。关于读书，我们保存着心情，娱情，写实以记录精彩人生。 ——题记 “读书可以作为消遣，可以作为装饰，也可以增长才干。”文章一开始就指出读书的目的。“消遣、装饰、增长才干”。犹如站立在一片浩瀚大海之前，我们张开双臂，拥抱清新空气与灿烂阳光。弗朗西斯.培根，是英国文艺复兴时期最重要的散文作家，唯物主义哲学家，被马克思称为“英国唯物主义和整个现代实验科学的真正始祖。”他不但在文学，哲学上多有建树，在自然科学领域内，也取得了重大成就。他是经历过生活坎坷磨难的贵族子弟，生活的磨难使他的思想成熟，言论深邃，富含哲理。她的整个世界观是现世的而非宗教的，她崇尚理性主义，是一位经验论者和现实主义者。《论读书》是培根较为重要的作品之一，其中提出了读书的重要性等。其实一个学生似乎已然对读书这一名词并不陌生，而读书之好、之乐、之用，我们却如婴孩，仍在认识世界里处于感知阶段。怎样去读书？培根在文章中将书籍比作食品，或浅尝、或吞咽、或仔细咀嚼、或请人代读，都是较为科学且蕴含哲学意味的方式了。读书的重要性，培根则是较为重点的进行论述了。他指出：“读书可作为消遣，可作

为装饰，可增长才干。”实际静心、专心，莫不是如此！我们的世界里，书书本本并不是什么难见之物，似乎它们已是如同空气分子一般的存在。而我们，是不是有一份心情，一份追求去对待阅读呢？高尔基曾说过：“书籍是人类进步的阶梯”，林语堂也曾发文特指出阅读的好处，其实文人是应该最了解读书的好处的罢。“知识就是力量”“知识改变命运”等等关于知识，关于教育的口号，亦已显出读书作用了。或许，我们读书，是为了它的作用，而更多的，这是一份关于人生漫步的幽静小道，不是么？生命之源，源于力量；力量之起，起于精神；精神之始，始于我们思想文化内涵，而读书则真如一片浩瀚之海，拥有无尽的能量了。

(完整版)培根谈读书阅读答案

培根谈读书阅读答案导语：狡黠者鄙读书，无知者羡读书，惟明智之士用读书，然书并不以用处告人，用书之智不在书中，而在书外，全凭观察得之。下面是小编为你整理的谈读书阅读附答案，希望对你有帮助！谈读书阅读答案读书足以怡情，足以傅彩，足以长才。其怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；其傅彩也，最见于高谈阔论之中；其长才也，最见于处世判事之际。练达之士虽能分别处理细事或一一判别枝节，然纵观统筹，全局策划，则非好学深思者莫属。读书费时过多易惰，文采藻饰太盛则矫，全凭条文断事乃学究故态。读书补天然之不足，经验又补读书之不足，盖天生才干犹如自然花草，读书然后知如何修剪移接；而书中所示，如不以经验范之，则又大而无当。狡黠者鄙读书，无知者羡读书，惟明智之士用读书，然书并不以用处告人，用书之智不在书中，而在书外，全凭观察得之。读书时不可存心诘难作者，不可尽信书上所言，亦不可寻章摘句，而应推敲细思。书有可浅尝者，有可吞食者，少数则需咀嚼消化。换言之，有只须读其部分者，有只须大体涉猎者，少数则须全读，读时须全神贯注，孜孜不倦。书亦可请人代读，取其所作摘要，但只限题材较次或价值不高者，否则书经提炼犹如水经蒸馏，味同嚼蜡矣。读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，作文使人准确。因此不常作文者须记忆特强，不常讨论者须天资聪颖，不常读书者须欺世有术，始能无知而显有知。读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周密，科学 ————来源网络搜集整理，仅供个人学习查参考

使人深刻，伦理学使人庄重，逻辑修辞之学使人善辩；凡有所学，皆成性格。人之才智但有滞碍，无不可读适当之书使之顺畅，一如身体百病，皆可借相宜之运动除之。滚球利睾肾，射箭利胸肺，漫步利肠胃，骑术利头脑，诸如此类。如智力不集中，可令读数学，盖演题须全神贯注，稍有分散即须重演；如不能辨异，可令读经院哲学，盖此辈皆吹毛求疵之人；如不善求同，不善以一物阐证另一物，可令读律师之案卷。如此头脑中凡有缺陷，皆有特药可医。 1．给文段划分层次，并概括每层的大意。 __________________________________________________________________ ___________________ 2．作者论述了读书的重要，为什么又说“不可尽信书上所言”？ __________________________________________________________________ ___________________ 3．加黑的句子用了什么修辞方法，有什么作用？ __________________________________________________________________ ___________________ 4．画直线的句子用了什么论证方法？用自己的话概括出这句的论点来。

《培根随笔》

《培根随笔》阅读题一、填空题 1、《培根随笔》为( 英国)十七世纪著名( 思想家)，( 政治家)和经验主义哲学家(弗兰西斯?培根）所著. 2,本书分为: 《论求知》，《论美》，《论善》，《论真理》，《论健康》，《论家庭》，《论友谊》等多篇随笔. 3,( 《新工具》)是培根的主要哲学著作之一，首次发表于（1620 ）年。 4,从《培根随笔》的“论真理”、“论死亡”、“论人的天性”等篇章中，可以看到一个( 热爱哲学)的培根 5,从《培根随笔集》“论高官”、“论王权”、“论野心”等篇章中，可以看到一个(热衷于政治，深谙官场运作)的培根。 6,从《培根随笔》“论爱情”、“论友情”、“论婚姻与独身”等篇章中，可以看到一个( 富有生活情趣)的培根。7,从《培根随笔》“论逆境”、“论幸运”、“论残疾”等篇章中，可以看到一个( 自强不息)的培根。 8,从《培根随笔》“论作伪与掩饰”、“论言谈”等篇章中，可以看到一个( 工于心计，老于世故)的培根。 9、培根的格言警句有（知识就是力量） 10、复仇的动机不仅是为了让对方受苦，更是为了（让他悔罪）。 11、一个念念不忘旧恶的人，他的伤口将永远难以愈合，尽管（那本来还是可以痊愈的）。 12.顺境所需要美德是节制，而逆境的修养则是（坚韧）。 13.人的心灵若不能从自身的优点中取得养料，就必定要（要找别人的缺点作为养料）。而嫉妒者往往是自己没有优点，又看不到别人的优点，因此他只能用（败坏别人幸福的方法来安慰自己）。 14.孤独寂寞时，阅读可以消遣；高谈阔论时，书籍可（增添情趣）；处事行事时，知识（意味才干）。 15.读书太慢会（懒惰），为装潢而读书是欺人，完全按照书本做事就（呆子）。 16.读史书使人（明智），读诗使人（灵透），数学使人（周密），伦理学使人（庄重），逻辑学使人（善辩）。总之，“（读书能陶冶个性）” 17.如果没有友情，生活中就不会有（悦耳的和音）。在没有友谊和仁爱的人群中生活，那种苦闷正如古代拉丁谚语所说：“（一座城市如同一片旷野）。” 18.没有友情的社会只是一片（繁华的沙漠）。因此那种乐于孤独的人，其性格不是属于人而是属于（兽）的。 19.如果你把快乐告诉一个朋友，你将得到（两个快乐）；而如果你把忧愁向一个朋友倾诉，你将（分掉一半忧愁）。 20、培根最重要的成就是他在（思想）和（哲学）领域内的建树 21、培根的散文，对我们写作（议论文）有一定的启发 22、人的天性犹如野生的花草，求知学习好比（修剪移栽）。可见求知可以改变人的命运，在我们的一生中是相当重要的 23、《培根随笔》共有（58 ）篇 24、当你产生了猜疑时，你最好还是（有所警惕），但又不要表露于外。这样，当这种猜疑（有道理）时，你已经预先作了准备而不受其害。当这种猜测疑无道理时，你又可避免（因此而误会了好人）可见（在人生中猜疑，是人的思想在做乱. ）。 25、从培根的散文中我们可以感受到文艺复兴时期的思想者是如何在旧的社会结构和思想体系日趋瓦解之际，致力于探讨并树立（新的信念）、（规范）和（道德）。。 26、培根的散文，为我们留下了许多关于（知识）、（人生）的至理名言 27.培根的主要建树在哲学方面。他自称“以天下全部学问为己任”，企图“将全部科学、技术和人类的一切知识全面重建”，并为此计划写一套大书，总名(《伟大的复兴》)，虽然只完成1、2两部分，但已造成重大影响。 28.《培根随笔》体裁以及类型：哲学散文随笔集,也可以称为（“论文集”） 29.《培根随笔》主要内容：涉及( 中学)、( 伦理)、( 处世之道)等，其中多数与个人省会密切相关，比较集中地表达了作者的“(人生哲学)”。 30.《培根随笔》中《谈美》：这是一篇( 论美)的文章，作者主要阐述了“美德比美貌更重要”的道理。短文笔墨不多，但却十分精彩，说理透彻，且语言优美。他在培根的随笔中颇有代表性，集中体现了培根善于用诗话的语言阐述精辟的哲理的特点。 31.《培根随笔》中《论拖延》：这是培根谈论( “时机”于“拖延”)的哲学小论文。作者用举例子、作比喻的论证方法，告诉我们要善于当机立断、迅速行动，不要拖延时间而延误机会。文章论述层次清晰，表达手法多样，语言简洁有力、形象生动，体现了培根论说文的又一特点。 32.《培根随笔》中《谈读书》：这是培根谈论( 读书的作用)的一篇议论文。作者在文章中明确指出：“读书足以悦情，足以傅彩，足以长才。”并指出：“读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周密，科学使人深刻，论理学使人庄重，逻辑修辞之学使人善辩；凡有所学，皆成性格。” 二、选择题 1、《培根随笔》的作者是（C ）A列夫·托尔斯泰B、雨果C、弗兰西斯·培根

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精品文档【原文】 Of Studies ——Francis Bacon Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment and disposition of business. For expert men can execute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling of affairs come best from those that are learned. To spend too much time in studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornament is affection; to make judgment wholly by their rules is the humor of a scholar. They perfect nature and are perfected by experience: for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need pruning by study, and studies themselves do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in by experience. Crafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them, for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them and above them, won by observation. Read not to contradict and confuse; nor to believe and take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and consider.

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培根《谈读书》双语对照

Of Studies 培根《谈读书》双语对照 Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment and disposition of business. For expert and execute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling of affairs, come best form those that are learned. 读书足以怡情，足以傅彩，足以长才。其怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；其傅彩也，最见于高谈阔论之中；其长才也，最见于处世判事之际。练达之士虽能分别处理细事或一一判别枝节，然纵观统筹，全局策划，则舍好学深思者莫属。 To spend too much time in studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornament, is affectation; to make judgement wholly by their rules, is the humour of a scholar. 读书费时过多易惰，文采藻饰太盛则矫，全凭条文断事乃学究故态。 They perfect nature, and are perfected by experience: for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need proyning (pruning) by study; and studies themselves do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in by experience. 读书补天然之不足，经验又补读书之不足，盖天生才干犹如自然花草，读书然后知如何修剪移接，而书中所示，如不以经验范之，则又大而无当。 Crafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them; for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them, and above them, won by observation. 有一技之长者鄙读书，无知者羡读书，唯明智之士用读书，然书并不以用处告人，

培根《谈读书》课文原文阅读

培根《谈读书》课文原文阅读(部编本五年级上册) 读书足以怡情，足以博彩，足以长才。其怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；其博彩也，最见于高谈阔论之中；其长才也，最见于处世判事之际。练达之士虽能分别处理细事或一一判别枝节，然纵观统筹、全局策划，则舍好学深思者莫属。读书费时过多易惰，文采藻饰太盛则矫，全凭条文断事乃学究故态。读书补天然之不足，经验又补读书之不足，盖天生才干犹如自然花草，读书然后知如何修剪移接；而书中所示，如不以经验范之，则又大而无当。有一技之长鄙读书，无知者慕读书，唯明智之士用读书，然读书并不以用处告人，用书之智不在书中，而在书外，全凭观察得之。读书时不可存心诘难作者，不可尽信书上所言，亦不可只为寻章摘句，而应推敲细思。书有可浅尝者，有可吞食者，少数则须咀嚼消化。换言之，有只须读其部分者，有只须大体涉猎者，少数则须全读，读时须全神贯注，孜孜不倦。书亦可请人代读，取其所作摘要，但只限题材较次或价值不高者，否则书经提炼犹如水经蒸馏，淡而五味矣。读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，笔记使人准确。因此不常做笔记者须记忆特强，不常讨论者须天生聪颖，不常读书者须欺世有术，始能无知而显有知。读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周密，科学使人深刻，论理学使人庄重，逻辑修辞之学使人善辩：凡有所学，皆成性格。人之才智但有滞碍，无不可读适当之书使之顺畅，一如身体百病，皆可借相宜之运动除之。滚球利睾肾，射箭利胸肺，慢步利肠胃，骑术利头脑，诸如此类。如智力不集中，可令读数学，盖演算须全神贯注，稍有分散即须重演；如不能辨异，可令读经院哲学，盖是辈皆吹毛求疵之人；如不善求同，不善以一物阐证另一物，可令读律师之案卷。如此头脑中凡有缺陷，皆有特药可医。

培根随笔心得体会

培根随笔心得体会篇一：培根随笔读书体会《培根随笔》读书心得培根，英国哲学家弗兰西斯·培根于1597年发表的《培根随笔》，是培根一生的经验总汇。虽然每篇篇幅不大，但内涵丰富，称得上是一部小百科全书。在本书的许多篇章中，都闪现了作者思想与智慧的光芒，能给读者的心灵和精神进行一次洗礼和启迪，当然有些篇章的思想过于腐朽，过于站在贵族立场与男权视角，这就要求我们在阅读此书时，一定要去其糟粕，吸其精华，同时也可以提高我们的阅读能力。一、作者简介弗兰西斯·培根(1561—1626)是英国哲学家和科学家。他竭力倡导“读史使人明智，读诗使人聪慧，演算使人精密，哲理使人深刻，论理学使人有修养，逻辑修辞使人善辩”。他推崇科学、发展科学的进步思想和崇尚知识的进步口号，一直推动着社会的进步。这位一生追求真理的思想家，被马克思称为“英国唯物主义和整个现代实验科学的真正始祖”。他在逻辑学、美学、教育学方面也提出许多思想。著有《新工具》、《论说随笔文集》等。后者收入58篇随笔，从各个角度论述广泛的人生问题，精妙、有哲理，拥有很多读者。培根提出了“知识就是力量”的著名论断，至今影响我们一

代又一代人的生活。二、作品简介及主要内容《培根随笔》分为《论求知》、《论美》、《论善思想家》、《论真理》、《论健康》、《论家庭》、《论友谊》等多篇随笔。从《培根随笔集》的“论真理”、“论死亡”、“论人的天性”等篇章中，可以看到一个热爱哲学的培根。从“论高官”、“论王权”、“论野心”等篇章中，可以看到一个热衷于政治，深谙官场运作的培根。从“论爱情”、“论友情”、“论婚姻与独身”等篇章中，可以看到一个富有生活情趣的培根。从“论逆境”、“论幸运”、“论残疾”等篇章中，可以看到一个自强不息的培根。从“论作伪与掩饰”、“论言谈”等篇章中，可以看到一个工于心计、老于世故的培根。三、阅读感受透彻的说理，隽永的警句。善于用诗化的语言阐述精辟的哲理。 1.“知识就是力量”这句名言的作者就是被称为“英国唯物主义和整个现代实验科学的真正始祖”的英国思想家培根。 2.培根最重要的成就是提出了唯物主义经验论的一系列原则，制订了系统的归纳逻辑。

培根《论学习》翻译(中英对照)

OF STUDY STUDIES serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment, and disposition of business. For expert men can execute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling of affairs, come best, from those that are learned. To spend too much time in studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornament, is affectation; to make judgment wholly by their rules, is the humor of a scholar. They perfect nature, and are perfected by experience: for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need proyning, by study; and studies themselves, do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in by experience. Crafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them; for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them, and above them, won by observation. Read not to contradict and confute; nor to believe and take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and consider. Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is, some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read, but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention. Some books also may be read by deputy, and extracts made of them by others; but that would be

培根论读书赏析

T o B e a Full Man from Reading We all know that study can cultivate a man and even make a full man. A full man should have a positive view of world, life and value, which is usually based on a balanced knowledge system. And how can we obtain this necessary knowledge Of Studies is the answer to this question. In Bacon's essay Of Studies, reading piirposes and functions are discussed in detail. Bacon also analyzes the different attitudes to reading and introduces various methods of reading. Above all. Bacon tells us how to be a full man from reading. In the very beginning, Bacon points out that reading can serve for delight, for ornament. and for ability. We can see that reading has three functions. It delights you; it beautifies you; and it strengthens your ability. The author also says that their chief use for delight is in private life and retiring. That is to say, when you stay aione, book is your best com panion which eases loneliness and brings happiness. If you are really absorbed in the book, you may not feel lonely. *Tor ornament, is in discourse』When communicating or negotiating with others, knowledge learned from books can make you decent and educated. In other words. reading beautifies you in that occasion. "And for ability, is in the judgment and disposition/* Faced with affairs, an expert man can judge of particulars one by one. But to general people. he should act decisively. It means he can hold the whole situation and think out a plan. Where does this kind of ability come from Reading. If you read all kinds of books, you are able to taste what might not happen to you in real life, and then ask yourself what you would do in that situation. Reading helps you make fewer mistakes. For that, you can learn mistake exam pies from books so that you may make no mistakes when you are in the same situation. According to the essay, reading perfects peopk's nature. Tlie gold have no foot red, the person has no perfect person. Defects can be made up and reading is a superexceHent methods. Natural abilities are like natural plants that need pruning by study, Reading ten thousand books is like traveling ten thousand miles. You can accumulate knowledge little by little and one day you may find yourself wiser than others. This wisdom is not born with you but acquired after years' effort. "Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested?*

培根美文《论读书》原文及三种译文鉴赏

培根美文《论读书》原文及三种译文鉴赏阅读是我们获取知识的重要手段，下面是培根着名的关于读书的一篇美文——论读书，并奉上另外两个版本的译文。对于好的书，可以多加研读，对于普通书籍，知其大意即可，就像在快速阅读中，阅读是弹性的，你可以选择对内容把握程度的深浅。“有些书可以浅尝辄止，有些书可以生吞，而有少数书应该细嚼慢咽，融会贯通”—— 谈读书 ——王佐良译读书足以怡情，足以博彩，足以长才。其怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；其博彩也，最见于高谈阔论之中；其长才也，最见于处世判事之际。练达之士虽能分别处理细事或一一判别枝节，然纵观统筹、全局策划，则舍好学深思者莫属。读书费时过多易惰，文采藻饰太盛则矫，全凭条文断事乃学究故态。读书补天然之不足，经验又补读书之不足，盖天生才干犹如自然花草，读书然后知如何修剪移接；而书中所示，如不以经验范之，则又大而无当。有一技之长鄙读书，无知者慕读书，唯明智之士用读书，然读书并不以用处告人，用书之智不在书中，而在书外，全凭观察得之。读书时不可存心诘难作者，不可尽信书上所言，亦不可只为寻章摘句，而应推敲细思。书有可浅尝者，有可吞食者，少数则须咀嚼消化。换言之，有只须读其部分者，有只须大体涉猎者，少数则须全读，读时须全神贯注，孜孜不倦。书亦可请人代读，取其所作摘要，但只限题材较次或价值不高者，否则书经提炼犹如水经蒸馏，淡而五味矣。读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，笔记使人准确。因此不常做笔记者须记忆特强，不常讨论者须天生聪颖，不常读书者须欺世有术，始能无知而显有知。读史使人明智，读诗使人灵秀，数学使人周密，科学使人深刻，论理学使人庄重，逻辑修辞之学使人善辩：凡有所学，皆成性格。人之才智但有滞碍，无不可读适当之书使之顺畅，一如身体百病，皆可借相宜之运动除之。滚球利睾肾，射箭利胸肺，慢步利肠胃，骑术利头脑，诸如此类。如智力不集中，可令读数学，盖演算须全神贯注，稍有分散即须重演；如不能辨异，可令读经院哲学，盖是辈皆吹毛求疵之人；如不善求同，不善以一物阐证另一物，可令读律师之案卷。如此头脑中凡有缺陷，皆有特药可医。【原文】音频 Of Studies ——Francis Bacon

培根随笔英语

培根随笔英语【篇一：培根随笔,英语】（本文音频由沪江网校名师录制，） of studies 论读书francis bacon 王佐良译文版 studies serve for delight, for , and for ability. their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment and disposition of business.读书足以怡情，足以傅彩，足以长才。其怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；其傅彩也，最见于高谈阔论之中；其长才也，最见于处世判事之际。for expert men can excute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling of affairs, come best from those that are learned.to spend too much time in studies is ; to use them too much for ornament, is affectation; to make judgement wholly by their rules, is the humour of a scholar.练达之士虽能分别处理细事或一一判别枝节，然纵观统筹，全局策划，则舍好学深思者莫属。读书费时过多易惰，文采藻饰太盛则矫，全凭条文断事乃学究故态。 they perfect nature, and are perfected by experience: for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need proyning (pruning) by study; and studies themselves do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in by experience.读书补天然之不足，经验又补读书之不足，盖天生才干犹如自然花草，读书然后知如何修剪移接，而书中所示，如不以经验范之，则又大而无当。crafty men studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them; for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them, and above them, won by observation.有一技之长者鄙读书，无知者羡读书，唯明智之士用读书，然书并不以用处告人，用书之智不在书中，而在书外，全凭观察得之。 read not to contradict and ; nor to believe and take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and consider.读书时不可存心诘难读者，不可尽信书上所言，亦不可只为寻章摘句，而应推敲细思。 some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is, some books are