英语中的主谓一致 详解

主谓一致

1.语法一致原则

用作主语的名词词组中心词和谓语动词在单、复数形式上的一致，就是语法一致。也就是说，如果名词词组中心词是单数，动词用单数形式;如果名词词组中心词是复数，动词用复数形式。如果一个不可数名词、一个动名词、一个不定式或一个从句作主语，谓语就用单数;如果两个不可数名词、两个动名词、两个不定式或两个从句作主语(不是指同一个事物)，谓语就用复数。

1）主语中心词后面有表示“增、减、补充说明”的词组时，主谓一致仍看原中心词;

A.表示增加的: as well as, with, along with, together with, in addition to, accompanied by, besides, plus等;

The man together with his wife and children sits on the sofa watching TV.

B.表示减去的: except, but(除去)等;

All the students except Tom have been to America.

C.表示补充说明的: including, rather than, like, such as等;

The textbook, plus its reference books, is well designed.

2)单个从句、动名词、不定式作主语时，谓语动词用单数;两个或两个以上从句、动名词、不定式作主语时，谓语动词用复数。但指同一事时，谓语动词用单数。

How close parents are to their children is a strong influence on the character of the children.

When we are to hold the sports meet hasn’t been decided.

When we go to Beijing and how we go to Beijing is up to you.

Whether he succeeds or fails doesn’t matter.

That they were wrong in these matters is now clear to us all.

Looking afer the children is my full time job.

To die for the people is a worhy death.

When and where to hold the meeting is unknown. Playing bakeball and swimming are his favorite sports.

3) this kind of与名词+of this kind

由a kind of,this kind of, many kinds of后跟名词作主语时，谓语要和kind保持一致。“名词+of this kind'作主语时，谓语在单复数上要和名词保持一致。因为of短语通常作定语，主语的主体还是of前的部分。类似这种情

况还适用于: type, sort, form, part, piece等。of后面的名词是可数名词时可以用单数也可用复数。

This kind of books is useful.= Books of this kind are useful.

This kind of snakes is very dangerous.

This kind of stories is instructive while stories of that kind are harmful to children.

Many kinds of furniture are being transported from Beijing to Tianjin.

Apples of this kind taste good.

4) each、all、both作同位语时，谓语动词仍应与主语保持一致；

We each have an English-Chinese dictionary.

They both like pop music.

My brother and sister each have their own ideas. 5)倒装句的主谓-致要看原主语

Such is my plan.

Such are his words.

The following are good examples.

2）意义一致原则

有时主语和谓语动词的一致关系取决于主语的单复数意义，而不是语法上的单、复数形式，这样的一致关系就是

意义一致。

The United States is a developed country.

1）表示“时间、温度、重量、距离、金额"等的复数名词作主语时，一般把它们看作一个整体来表示一定的量，谓语动词用单数。

Twenty years is only a short time in human history. Where is that five pounds I lent you?

I don't like very hot weather. Thirty degrees is too warm for me.

Six times seven is forty-two.（数学运算，谓语动词用单数）

A thousand miles no longer is much to us today.

5. Twenty-five years has passed since I graduated from college.

2)以the + adj. (或过去分词)结构作主语

谓语动词常用复数形式，指一类人。如the brave, the poor, the blind,the sick. the unemployed等，但有少数过去分词与定冠词连用时指个体，用单数形式。

The rich are to help the poor.富人帮助穷人。

The dead are soon forgotten.亡者很快被忘记。

The wounded was a young boy.受伤的是一个小男孩。

3）not.. but..“不是....而是"，按意义-致原则

谓语要和.....“是...”后面的名词保持一致。

I,not you,was in the wrong. Not I but he has been invited.

Not his sister but his two cousins have been to Hainan.

4)用and连接的单数主语，前面有each, every, no,many a等修饰时，和more than one

前者重点在强调每一个，所以要按意义一致的原则，谓语动词要用单数形式。more than one后面名词也是用单数，谓语动词也是用单数形式。

Every man worker and every woman worker enjoys free medical care.

At Christmas each boy and each girl is given a present.

Did you go to the show last nighr?

Yeah. Every boy and every girl in the area was invited.

No chair and no desk is permitted to be taken away. Many a boy and many a girl has made the same mistake.

More than one student has been sent to Japan since

2000.

More than one hundred students have been sent to Japan since 2000.

5)如果and连接的两个单数名词，指同一个人或事，谓语动词用单数

A.两个名词表示同一一个人时，后面的名词前没有冠词The writer and the professor have arrived.

The writer and professor has arrived.

B.常作为一个整体概念来看待的组合作主语时谓语也用单数

bread and butter黄油面包

bread and cheese涂奶酪的面包

a knife and fork一副刀又

a watch and chain一只系有表带的手表

needle and thread针线

Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy,happy and wise.

6) a number of与the number of

“a numberof+可数名词复数”作主语，谓语用复数“the number of+名词复数”作主语，表示...的数字”，实际上是一个数字，谓语用单数。

The number of the people invited was fifty,but a number of them were absent for different reasons.

7) population

the population of强调的是“人口数”，是一个“数字”，作主语时后面的谓语一般用单数:但是当the population前有分数修饰时，后面谓语一般用复数形式。The population of the city is two million.

Two thirds of the population are workers.

8)all 作主语表示人时，谓语动词用复数:若表事，谓语动词则用单数

All is well that ends well.

AlI are eager to reach an agreement.

3.就近一致原则

有时，谓语动词的单、复数取决于最靠近它的词语，这就是就近一致原则。

1)在there be的结构中用就近原则

There is a desk and four benches in the office. There are two chairs and a desk in the office.

2)or, either..or..., neither..nor...., not only...but also连接两个主语时，用就近一致原则

You or he is to blame.

Are you or he to blame?

Does he or you go to school by bike?

在陈述句中，谓语在人称和数上与后一个保持-致:在疑问句中，要看最前面的那个主语。

3）.family(家人)，people,police,cattle通常只有复数意义

The police are searching that town.

4）.表示总称的集体名词通常是不可数名词

furniture machinery luggage fruit food information 5）.单复数同形的名词

Sheep deer fish series species means works aircraft spacecraft crossroads headquarters

A chemical works has been built there.

Every means has been tried since then.

6）.以“-s”结尾的书刊名、学科名、组织名和国名作主语时，谓语用单数

( physics物理学，maths 数学，politics 政治)

The Times is a newspaper for the British government.

The Emperor's Clothes was written by Hans Christian Anderson.

The United States is made up of 50 states, one of which is Kentucky.

Her clothes are nearly worn out. His physics is weaker than others’.

7）.由山脉、群岛、瀑布、运动会等-s结尾的专有名词作主语时，谓语常用复数

Rocky Mountains stand in the west of North America, The Philippines are in the Pacific Ocean,

The Olympic Games are held every four years.

8).three cups of tea“数词+名词+of+名词"

英语中常用这种形式来表示事物的量，此时，前后两个名词的单复数应分别对待，谓语的单复数应与第一个名词保持一致，因为后面of短语只是定语而已。

There is a cup of milk on the table.

There are three cups of milk on the table.

There is a basket of apples under the tree.

There are three baskets of apples under the tree. Those pieces of news are to be broadcasted.

4. 只能修饰可数名词的短语

1)a (great/large) number of;一定数量的(大量的)

He has recited a great number of words and phrases.

2)a good/great many: a good/great many of很多的

a good/great many后面直接跟名词复数;

He run a great many risks.

a good/great many of 表示特定事务中的许多

She has read a great many of the books in this room.

3)Many a许多，后跟名词单数，谓语也用单数形式

Many a famous pop star has been ruined by drugs.

4)Scores of 大量的，众多的(score 二十个)

I have been there scores of times.

5)Dozens of 几十，很多(dozen一打，十二个) Dozens of people have been injured and many vehicles set on fire.(set前省略了have been)

6)hundreds of成百上千的; thousands of成千上万的millions of数百万的; billions of 数十亿的

另外，tens of, hundreds of, thousands of, millions of可以两两任意组合起来，表示很多。如:

Tens of thousands of men, year after year, have travelled southwards to find work.

Tens of millions of Indonesians fell below the poverty line.

7)the majority of大多数

The majority of the students have been working hard.

5.既能修饰可数名词又能修饰不可数名词的短语后跟名词

作主语时，谓语形式取决于名词。

1)plenty of 充足的/大量的

There were plenty of servants to wait on her.

An importat rule is to drink plenty of water during any fight.

2)a lot of/ lots of 许多/大量

the rest of 剩下的/其余的

He wolfed down the rest of the biscuit and cheese. The rest of us should quit worrying about it.

3)a variety of/ varieties of各种各样的

A variety of heavy industries grew up alongside the port.

A variety of food is sold at a supermarket.

4）a load of/ loads of 许多/大量

I've never heard such a load of nonsense.

I've got loads of friends who're unemployed.

5）a mass of/masses of 许多/大量

It has masses of flowers each year.

I have masses of work to do.

分数后面也可跟可数名词和不可数名词

Two thirds of the region has been deforested（砍伐） in the past decade.

6）A quantity of/ quantities of

sea, pile, heap, pack, mountain, river, ocean等也能构成表示“数量”的短语，说明数量至多,同汉语中的“比喻”有相似之处

In western countries, mountains of rubbish are thrown away each day.

I have piles of books to read.

The rest of the money is to be sent to him.

The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which were saved for other purposes.

A quantity of与quantities of

a quantity of可以修饰可数名词也可以修饰不可数名词。谓语单、复数要看后面的名词。

A lage quantity of money was spent on the bridge.

A large quantity of materials were spent on the building.

quantities of同样可以修饰可数名词和不可数名词，但谓语单、复数与quantities 保持一致，即:谓语用复数形式。

Large quantities of food have rotten away.

Large quantities of beer are consumed in the city every year.

6.只能修饰不可数名词的短语

a great deal of、a bit of、an amount of 和amounts of

a large amount of与large amounts of

它们都修饰不可数名词，但主谓一致上要看amount.

A large amount of clean water is wasted every day. Vast amounts of money are being invested in the local market.

either/neither/none of + n.作主语

none of + n.(名词复数) 作主语，谓语用单数或复数均可; none of+n. (不可数名词)作主语，谓语用单数; neither/either of+n. (名词复数)作主语时谓语用单数None of the cars was/were damaged.

None of the food has gone bad.

The two sisters are forced to play he piano,in fact,neither of them likes to play it.

Either of these young ladies is perfectly qualified to teach Greek, Latin and French.

“one and a haIf+复数名词”作主语时，其谓语有用单数的，也有用复数的

当one and a half充当主语时，其谓语动词既可用复数亦可用单数。考虑到one and a half hours表达的是一个时

间段，则其谓语动词用单数。

One and a half days is all I can spare.

英语主谓一致练习全集

英语主谓一致练习全集 一、主谓一致 1．On no-car day, ____________ students ____________ teachers are allowed to drive to school. A．either; or B．not only; but also C．neither; nor D．both; and 【答案】C 【解析】 句意：在无车日，学生和老师都不被允许开车去学校。either; or 或者，或者； not only; but also不仅，而且； neither; nor 既不，也不；both; and……和……都；根据On no-car day可知此处表示无车日，因此都不开车，故选C。 2．Smog and haze is a kind of air pollution. It _______ people _____ about their health. A．make, worry B．make, be worried C．makes, worried D．makes, worry 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意：雾霾是一种空气污染。它使人们担心他们的健康。考查主谓一致和动词短语辨析。it是单数第三人称，动词需用三单形式，可排除AB两项。make让，使役动词，make sb. do sth.让某人做某事，是固定结构，可排除C项。根据句意结构，可知选D。 3．The boys ____________ from America like China A．who is B．are C．which is D．who are 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意：这些来自美国的男孩喜欢中国。考查定语从句。本句是主谓宾结构，可排除B项。空白处做主语the boys的后置定语，先行词the boys是人，不可用which（用于先行词是 物时），需用who引导；the boys是复数人称，系词需用are；根据句意结构，可知选D。 4．Either Eve or Herb ___________ been invited by Lucy’s parents already. A．have B．has C．was D．Were 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意：伊芙或赫伯已经被路西的父母邀请了。 Either ... or...或者……或者，连接两个主语时，用就近原则，already是现在完成时的标志词，结合句意，故选B

中考英语专题：主谓一致考点讲解和

2011届中考英语专题复习十：主谓一致考点讲解和训练 【考点直击】 1.语法一致的原则 2.意义一致的原则 3.邻近一致的原则 【名师点睛】 谓语受主语支配，须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这叫做主谓一致。主谓一致一般遵循三条原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则和就近一致原则。 1.语法一致的原则 （1）以单数名词或代词，动词不定式短语作主语时，谓语动词要用单数;主语为复数时，谓语用复数，例如： He goes to school early every morning. The children are playing outside. To work hard is necessary for a student. （2）由and或both……and连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如：Both he and I are right. Mr Black and Mrs Black have a son called Tom. 但并列主语如果指的是同一人，同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数。例如： His teacher and friend is a beautiful girl. The poet and writer has come.

（3）由and连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由each,every修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。例如： Inourcountryeveryboyandeverygirlhastherighttoreceiveeducation.Each man and each woman is asked to help. （4）主语是单数时，尽管后面跟有but,except,besides,with等介词短语，谓语动词仍用单数。例如： The teacher with his students is going to visit the museum. Nobody but two boys was late for class. Bread and butter is a daily food in the west. （5）一些只有复数形式的名词，如people,police,cattle,clothes等作主语时，谓语动词要用复数。例如： A lot of people are dancing outside. The police are looking for lost boy. （6）由each, some, any, no, every构成的复合代词作主语时，谓语动词都用单数。 例如： Is everybody ready? Somebody is using the phone. （7）有两部分构成的物体的名词，如glasses, shoes, trousers, chopsticks,scissors等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。例如： Where are my shoes? I can’t find them. Your trousers are dirty. You’d better change them. 如果这类名词前用了a pair of等，则往往用作单数，谓语动词的单复数形式往往取决于pair的单复数形式。例如：

初中英语中主谓一致详解

主谓一致详解 【基础知识】 主谓一致指“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系。对大多数人来说，往往会在掌握主语和随后的谓语动词之间的一致问题上遇到困难。一般情况下，主谓之间的一致关系由以下三个原则支配： 语法一致原则(grammatical concord) 意义一致原则(notional concord) 就近原则(principle of proximity) （一）语法一致原则 用作主语的名词词组中心词和谓语动词在单、复数形式上的一致，就是语法一致。也就是说，如果名词中心词是单数，动词用单数形式；如果名词中心词是复数，动词用复数形式。例如： This table is a genuine antique. Both parties have their own advantages. Her job has something to do with computers. She wants to go home. They are divorcing each other. Mary was watching herself in the mirror. The bird built a nest. Susan comes home every week-end. （二）意义一致原则 有时，主语和谓语动词的一致关系取决于主语的单、复数意义，而不是语法上的单、复数形式，这样的一致关系就是意义一致。例如： Democratic government gradually take the place of an all-powerful monarchy. A barracks was attacked by the guerilla. Mumps is a kind of infectious disease. The United States is a developed country. It is the remains of a ruined palace. The archives was lost.

初中英语语法主谓一致

初中英语语法主谓一致 LELE was finally revised on the morning of December 16, 2020

I．单数主语： 1．当 every-, some-, any-, no- 等构成的不定代词及 each, either, neither 作主语时，谓语动词为单数。 ● Someone has told me about it. ● Neither of us likes the film. 2．当 every 或 each 位于两个由连接词连接的单数主语前，谓语动词用单数。（必记之要点！） ● Each girl and boy has a . ● Every man and woman is welcome. 3．位于主谓之间的介词短语不影响谓语动词的数，谓语动词须和主语一致。常见介词短语有：in addition to, together with, as well as, along with, but, except, etc. （这是一几乎所有考试都不愿放过的重点。） ● The teacher along with his students is going to the party. ● His parents as well as his elder si ster have come to see him. II．复数主语： 1．当主语由 and 或 both ... and 连接，通常采用复数谓语动词。 ● Both the girl and the boy are his friends.

l主谓一致讲解最全面主谓一致讲解

主谓一致的讲解 主谓一致是指： 1）语法形式上要一致，即名词单复数形式与谓语要一致。 2）意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。 一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致 1.由and 连接主语时 And 连接的两个或多个单数可数名词、不可数名词或代词作主语时根据意义或概念确定谓语用单数或复数 1)并列主语表示不同的人、物或概念时谓语动词用复数 Li Ming and Zhang Hua are good students. Like many others, the little tramp and the naughty boy have rushed there in search of gold. 小流浪汉和调皮的小男孩也赶到那里寻找金子 Both rice and wheat are grown in this area. 2)并列主语表示同一个人、物或概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。 The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting. 那位教授兼作家正在会上发言 A journalist and authour lives on the sixth floor. 一位新闻记者兼作家 His lawyer and former college friend was with him on his trip to Europe. 他的律师兼大学时代的朋友陪他去欧洲旅行 The Premier and Foreign Minister was present at the state banquet. 总理兼外长 比较：the writer and the educator have visited our school. the writer and educator has visited our school. His lawyer and his former college friend were with him on his trip to Europe. 注意：指同一个人或物时，并列主语前只用一个冠词，指不同的需要分别加冠词，但两个名词具有分别的对立的意思时只需要一个冠词即可 A boy and girl are playing tennis. 3)并列主语前有each, every, many a , no 等修饰时谓语动词用单数 Each doctor and (each) nurse working in the hospital was asked to help patients. Every man, woman and child is entitled to take part in the activity. 有权参加 Every boy and (every) girl admires him for his fine sense of humour. Many a boy and (many a ) girl has made the same mistake No boy and no girl is there now.没有任何男孩和女孩在那里 注意：many a 跟单数可数名词但是表示复数意义翻译为很多 Many a student was disappointed after seeing the movie. 4)并列主语为不可分的整体时，谓语动词用单数 A law and rule about protecting environment has been drawn up. 关于保护环境的法律法规已经起草完成。 The knife and fork has been washed 刀叉已经被洗好 War and peace is a constant theme in history 战争与和平是历史永恒的主题 注意;常被视为主体的结构 A cup and saucer 一副杯碟 A horse and cart 马车 A knife and fork 一副刀叉

【英语】中考英语主谓一致试题经典及解析

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考点 03 主谓一致
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高考主谓一致的知识结构 一致原则 考点详解 例句 His father is working on the farm. 1. 以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、 To study English well is not easy. 动名词短语或从句作主语时， 谓语动词一 语法一致 般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词 用复数形式。 The children were in the classroom two hours ago. Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes. What he said is very important for us all.
1

Lucy and Lily are twins. 2. 由连接词 and 或 both …… and 连接起来 的合成主语后面， 要用复数形式的谓语动 词。 She and I are classmates. The boy and the girl were surprised when they heard the news. Both she and he are Young Pioneers. 3. 主语为单数名词或代词， 尽管后面跟有 with，together with，except，but，like， as well as， rather than， more than， no less than， besides，including 等引起的短语， playground. 谓语动词仍用单数形式；若主语为复数， 谓语用复数形式。 She，like you and Tom，is very tall. Mr. Green ， together with his wife and children，has come to China. Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the
4. either，neither，each，every 或 no + Each of us has a new book. 单数名词和由 some，any，no，every 构 Everything around us is matter. 成的复合不定代词，都作单数看待。
He is one of my friends who are working 5. 在定语从句中，关系代词 that，who， hard. which 等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与 He is the only one of my friends who is 句中先行词的数一致。 working hard.
一致原则
考点详解 6. 如果集体名词指的是整个集体， 它的谓
例句 Class Four is on the third floor. Class Four are unable to agree upon a
语动词用单数；如果它指集体的成员，其 monitor. 谓语动词就用复数形式。 语法一致 这些词有 family, class, crowd, committee, population, audience 等。 注：people，police，cattle 等名词一般都 用作复数。如：The police are looking for the lost child. 7. 由“a lot of， lots of， plenty of， the rest of， There are a lot of people in the classroom.
2

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(完整版)主谓一致详解超详细

1、形式一致 主语是复数，谓语动词用复数形式 主语是单数，谓语动词用单数形式 2、语意一致 谓语动词用单数的清况 1）当名词词组中心词为表示金钱、时间、度量、距离、价格等复数名词时，把这些复数名词看作一个整体。谓语动词采用单数形式。 Twenty-five dollars is too much to pay for that shirt． Fifty minutes isn’t enough to finish this test． Ten miles seems like a long walk to me． 2 以“-s”结尾的书刊名、国名、组织名、游戏名、运动名，谓语动词用单数 以-ics结尾的名词指一门学科时，常用单数谓语动词形式。当这些名词表示实际内容时，谓语动词则用复数形式。 这类单词有：economics经济学electronics电子学 physics物理学politics政治学 mathematics数学statistics统计学 Roots was a novel about a slave family． His politics were a matter of great concern to his friend． Politics is his favorite subject． Statistics show that approximately 40 percent of all marriages in the US end in divorce． Statistics is a subject that is difficult to learn． 3) 有些表示某类别的总称的集合名词，如：machinery(机械)，clothing(衣服)，luggage(行李)，furniture(家具)，equipment(设备)，jewelry(珠宝)等作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。如：My luggage was sent by air． The equipment of our factory is all imported from Britain． 4) 不定式、现在分词和从句作主语，谓语动词通常用单数： Playing with fire is dangerous． 注意：若用and连接两个动名词、不定式短语或主语从句，表示两个不同的概念，则谓语动词用复数形式。若表示同一概念，则谓语动词用单数形式 Early to rise and early to bed is a good habit． When and where the building will be built hasn’t been decided． 主语从句要根据从句表达的意思而定 What she said is correct．What he gave me are five English books． 谓语动词用复数的情况 1）由and或both...and...连接两个单数名词作主语时，指的是复数概念，谓语动词用复数形式(不可数名词同样)。如： Fire and water do not agree． 注意如果and连接的两个词是指同一个人、同一事物或同一概念，则两个名词共用一个冠词，谓语动词必须用单数。

中考英语主谓一致全面总结

Grammar Subject-Verb Agreement (主谓一致) 主谓一致指“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系。 1. 语法一致原则 如果主语是单数，谓语动词则用单数形式； 如果主语是复数，谓语动词用复数形式。 eg. Both parties ______their own advantages. Her job _____something to do with computers. 2. 意义一致原则 有时，主语和谓语动词的一致关系取决于主语的单、复数意义，而不是语法上的单、复数形式，这样的一致关系就是意义一致。 His family ______(be) a big family. His family _______(be) listening to music when he came back. The population in China ______ (be) very large, and eighty of the population in China _____(be) farmers. 3. 就近原则 有时，谓语动词的单、复数形式决定于最靠近它的词语。 e.g. Either my grandsons or their father__ (be) coming. Neither Richard nor I _____(be) going. （一）谓语动词常用复数的情况 The teachers are respected in the world. 1）主语为复数名词或代词 The police are looking for the missing child. The cattle are kept in his farm. 2)当people , police, cattle 等集体名词作主语，形式上为单数而意义却是复数，谓语用复数。 The Olympic Games are held once every four years. The Rocky mountains stand in the west of the north America. 3）山脉、群岛、瀑布、运动会等s 结尾的复数名词作主语。 The rich are not always happy. Generally speaking ,the young are eager for success. 4）the+adj. 表示一类人或物做主语时 如 blind,deaf, living,dead, the+ wounded, poor, rich old, young 等

(完整版)主谓一致讲解教案

主谓一致讲解教案 一、授课时间：2012年1月4日 二、授课内容：语法点主谓一致讲解 三、授课重难点： 1、授课重点：主谓一致三原则：语法一致；意义一致;就近一致原则 2、授课难点：主谓一致常考题型 四：授课过程 Step I 课程引入 由三个例句导入主谓一致的概念 1.I am a student. 2.They are students. 3.She is a teacher. 我们可以看出主语不同，谓语动词的形式就不同 主谓一致：谓语动词的人称和数随着主语的人称和数的变化而变化。 Step II 讲述 一、主谓一致遵循三个原则：语法一致；意义一致;就近一致原则 分别对每个原则中的每一项进行讲解，并且举出例句，和学生互动。 1.语法一致原则：指主语是单数形式，谓语动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，谓语也用复数形式。 Tom is a good student. 汤姆是个好学生。 They often play football on the playground. 他们经常在操场上踢足球。 2.意义一致：指主语形式上为单数，但意义为复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数,但表示单数意义，这是谓语动词用单数形式。 My family are having lunch now. 我们一家人现在正吃午饭。 Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book. 这本书20美元太贵了。 3.就近一致：指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式，取决于最靠近他的主语。例如： Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football. 不仅老师喜欢踢足球，而且他的学生也喜欢踢足球。 There is a pen and some books on the desk. 课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。

英语语法主谓一致

主谓一致 1.主谓一致是指英语中谓语在人称、数及意义方面要与作主语的名词或代词一致。 2.主谓一致分为语法一致、意义一致、就近一致。 （1）语法一致原则：主语和谓语在语法形式上保持一致。主语为单数，谓语用单数；主语为复数，谓语用复数。 I often help him and he often helps me. （2）意义一致原则：主语和谓语在意义上单复数一致。主语为单数，谓语用单数；主语为复数，谓语用复数。 The police are searching the woods for the murderer. （3）就近一直原则：当主语有两个或两个以上时，谓语动词由靠近它的主语确定。 并列主语的谓语一致 1.And （1）两个单数名词用and连接，表示不同概念时，谓语用发复数。 Tom and Jack are close friends. （2）两个单数名词用and连接，表示同一歌人、同一个物，同一个概念，或表示不可分割的整体时，谓语用单数。 The singer and dancer is to attend our evening party. （3）被every，each，many a，no等限定的单数名词由and连接时，谓语仍用单数，其中，后一个限定词可以省略。 every ……and ……every，each……and……each，no……and……no, many a……and……many a。 Each boy and (each) girl has an apple. （4）一个单数名词被几个用and连接的并列形容词修饰时，可以指一件事或几件事，这种名词作主语，要根据意义一致的原则决定单复数。 Simple and plain living is a fine quality.生活简朴一种优良品质。 Ancient and modern history are the subjects we are studying. （5）由and连接的两个what的从句作主语时，要根据意义一致的原则决定单复数 What he says and does do not agree.（言行不一致） What he says and does does not concern me. 2.由either or, neither nor, not but, not only but also,or, nor连接的并列主语，谓语动词常和邻近的主语一致。 Either Tom or I is going there. 3、“with/along with/together with/as well as/as much as/expect/besides/including/rather than/but/等+名词”结构时，谓语单复数不受这些词影响。 You father as well as you is very kind to me, 某些名词作主语时的主谓一致 1.集合名词 （1）表示整体概念，强调一致性，谓语动词用单数形式；强调每一个成员，谓语动词用复数。 如：family，company, committee, government, nation,