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2017年中国科学技术大学自主招生选拔物理试题及答案(PDF版)

2017年中国科学技术大学自主招生选拔物理试题及答案(PDF版)
2017年中国科学技术大学自主招生选拔物理试题及答案(PDF版)

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图1-1、2-17 A.穿过AOB面的磁通量为零 B.穿过ABC面和BOC面的磁通量相等 C.穿过AOC面的磁通量为零 D.穿过ABC面的磁通量大于穿过BOC面的磁通量 解析此题实际就是判断磁通量的有效面积问题.匀强磁场沿Ox方向没有磁感线穿过AOB面、AOC面,所以磁通量为零,A、C正确;在穿过ABC面时,磁场方向和ABC面不垂直,考虑夹角后发现,ABC面在垂直于磁感线方向上的投影就是BOC面,所以穿过二者的磁通量相等,B正确、D错误.故正确答案为A、B、C. 答案ABC 4.条形磁铁竖直放置,闭合圆环水平放置,条形磁铁中心轴线穿过圆环中心,如图1-1、2-18所示,若圆环为弹性环,其形状由Ⅰ扩大到Ⅱ,那么圆环内磁通量的变化情况是().

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时,乘客观察到此车静止不动,故C 是可能的. 【答案】 B 3.下列四幅图中,能大致反映自由落体运动图像的是( ) 【解析】 自由落体运动是初速度为零的匀加速直线运动,故它的v -t 图像是一过原点的倾斜直线,a -t 图像是一平行时间轴的直线,故D 对,A 、C 错;B 图中的图像表示物体匀速下落.故应选D. 【答案】 D 4.汽车在水平公路上运动时速度为36 km /h ,司机突然以2 m/s 2的加速度刹车,则刹车后8 s 汽车滑行的距离为( ) A .25 m B .16 m C .50 m D .144 m 【解析】 初速度 v 0=36 km /h =10 m/s. 选汽车初速度的方向为正方向.设汽车由刹车开始到停止运动的时间为t 0,则由v t =v 0+at =0得: t 0=0-v 0a =0-10-2 s =5 s 故汽车刹车后经5 s 停止运动,刹车后8 s 内汽车滑行的距离即是5 s 内的位移,为 x =12(v 0+v t )t 0=1 2(10+0)×5 m =25 m. 故选A 【答案】 A 5.两个质点A 、B 放在同一水平面上,由静止开始从同一位置沿相同方向同时开始做直线运动,其运动的v -t 图像如图2所示.对A 、B 运动情况的分析,下列结论正确的是( ) 图2 A .A 、 B 加速时的加速度大小之比为2∶1,A 、B 减速时的加速度大小之比为1∶1 B .在t =3t 0时刻,A 、B 相距最远 C .在t =5t 0时刻,A 、B 相距最远

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