2014职称英语理工A阅读理解(教材)

A级—理工类

第一部分阅读理解

Black Holes Trigger Stars to Self-Destruct

Scientists have long understood that super massive black holes weighing millions or billions of suns can tear apart stars that come too close. The black hole's gravity pulls harder on the nearest part of the star, an imbalance that pulls the star apart over a period of minutes or hours, once it gets close enough.

Scientists say this uneven pulling is not the only hazard facing the star. The strain of these unbalanced forces can also trigger a nuclear explosion powerful enough to destroy the star from within. Matthieu Brassart and Jean-Pierre Luminet of the Observatoire de Paris in Meudon, France, carried out computer simulations of the final moments of such an unfortunate star's life, as it veered towards a super massive black hole.

When the star gets close enough, the uneven forces flatten it into a pancake shape. Some previous studies had suggested this flattening would increase the density and temperature inside the star enough to trigger intense nuclear reactions that would tear it apart. But other studies had suggested that the picture would be complicated by shock waves generated during the flattening process and that no nuclear explosion should occur.

The new simulations investigated the effects of shock waves in detail, and found that even when their effects are included, the conditions favor a nuclear explosion. "There will be an explosion of the star — it will be completely destroyed," Brassart says. Although the explosion obliterates the star, it saves some of the star's matter from being devoured by the black hole. The explosion is powerful enough to hurl much of the star's matter out of the black hole's reach, he says.

The devouring of stars by black holes may already have been observed, although at a much later stage. It is thought that several months after the event that rips the star apart, its matter starts swirling into the hole itself. It heats up as it does so, releasing ultraviolet light and X-rays.

If stars disrupted near black holes really do explode, then they could in principle allow these events to be detected at a much earlier stage, says Jules Halpern of ColumbiaUniversity in New York, US. "It may make it possible to see the disruption of that star immediately if it gets hot enough," he says.

Brassart agrees. "Perhaps it can be observed in the X-rays and gamma rays, but it's something that needs to be more studied," he says. Supernova researcher Chris Fryer of the Los Alamos National Laboratory in Los Alamos, New Mexico, US , says the deaths of these stars are difficult to simulate, and he is not sure whether the researchers have proven their Case that they explode in the process.

练习：

1. Something destructive could happen to a star that gets too close to a black hole. Which of

the following destructive statements is NOT mentioned in the passage?

A The black hole could tear apart the star.

B The black hole could trigger a nuclear explosion in the star.

C The black hole could dwindle its size considerably,

D The black hole could devour the star.

2. According to the third paragraph, researchers differed from each other in the problem of

A whether nuclear reaction would occur.

B whether the stars would increase its density and temperature.

C whether shock waves would occur.

D whether the uneven forces would flatten the stars.

3. According to the fourth paragraph, which of the following is NOT true?

A No nuclear explosion would be triggered inside the star.

B The star would be destroyed completely.

C Much of the star's matter thrown by the explosion would be beyond the black hole's reach.

D The black hole would completely devour the star.

4. What will happen several months after the explosion of the star?

A The star's matter will move further away from by the black hole.

B The black hole's matter will heat up.

C The torn star's matter will swirl into the black hole.

D The black hole's matter will release ultraviolet light and X-rays.

5. According to the context, the word "disruption" in Paragraph: 6 means

A "Confusion. "

B "Tearing apart."

C "Interruption. "

D "Flattening. "

Too Little for Global Warming

Oil and gas will run out1 too fast for doomsday global warming scenarios to materialize, according to a controversial new analysis presented this week at the University of Uppsala in Sweden. The authors warn that all the fuel will be burnt before there is enough carbon dioxide in the atmosphere to realize predictions of melting ice caps and searing temperatures. Defending their predictions, scientists from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change say they considered a range of estimates of oil and gas reserves, and point out that coal-burning could easily make up the shortfall. But all agree that burning coal would be even worse for the planet. The IPCC's predictions of global meltdown pushed forward the 1997 Kyoto Protocol, an agreement obliging signatory nations to cut CO2 emissions. The IPCC considered a range of future scenarios, from unlimited burning of fossil-fuels to a fast transition towards greener energy sources. But geologists Anders Sivertsson, Kjell Aleldett and Colin Campbell of UppsalaUniversity say there is not enough oil and gas left even the most conservative of the 40 IPCC scenarios to come to pass.

Although estimates of oil and gas reserves vary widely, the researchers are part of a growing group of experts who believe that oil supplies will peak as soon as 2010, and gas soon after. Their

analysis suggests that oil and gas reserves combined amount to the equivalent of about 3,500 billion barrels of oil considerably less than the 5,000 billion barrels estimated in the most optimistic model envisaged by the IPCC. Even the average forecast of about 8,000 billion barrels is more than twice the Swedish estimate of the world's remaining reserves.

Nebojsa Nakicenovic, an energy economist at the University of Vienna, Austria who headed the 80-strong IPCC team that produced the forecasts, says the panel's work still stands. He says they factored in a much broader and internationally accepted range of oil and gas estimates than the "conservative" Swedes.

Even if oil and gas run out, "there's a huge amount of coal underground that could be exploited", he says that burning coal could make the IPCC scenarios come true, but points out that such a switch would be disastrous. Coal is dirtier than oil and gas and produces more CO2 for each unit of energy, as well as releasing large amounts of particulates. He says the latest analysis is a "shot across the bows'' for policy makers.

练习：

1. What do the authors of the new analysis presented at the University of Uppsala intend to say?

A) The burning of coal will accelerate the arrival of Earth's doomsday.

B) The oil reserves are big enough to materialize the doomsday scenarios.

C) Melting ice caps and searing temperatures exist only in science fiction.

D) Oil and gas will run out so fast that Earth's doomsday will never materialize.

2. Nations that signed the Kyoto Protocol agree to

A) pay attention to global meltdown. B) cut CO2 emissions.

C) use more green energy. D) stop using fossil fuels.

3. What are the estimates of the world's oil and gas reserves?

A) 4,000 billion barrels by the average forecast. B) 8,000 billion barrels estimated by the Swedes.

C) 3,500 barrels envisaged by IPCC. D) 3,500 billion by a growing number of scientists.

4. Which of the following about Nebojsa Nakicenovic is true?

A) He thinks fossil fuels are as dirty as oil and gas.

B) He thinks green fuels will replace oil and gas eventually.

C) He thinks IPCC's view on the world's oil reserves is too optimistic.

D) He thinks that IPCC's estimates are more optimistic than the Swedes.

5. Which of the following is the near explanation of Nakicenovic's assertion that "... such a switch

would be disastrous ..."?

A) The IPCC scenarios would come true because burning coal will emit larger amounts of CO2.

B) A switch to burning coal would produce disastrous environmental problems.

C) Oil and gas to replace coal as fuel would speed up the process of global warming.

D) A switch from the IPCC scenarios to the policymakers' ones would be disastrous.

U.S. Scientists Confirm Water on Mars

NASA scientists said that Mars was covered once by vast lakes, flowing rivers and a variety of other wet environments that had the potential to support life.

Laboratory tests aboard NASA's Phoenix Mars Lander have identified water in a soil sample. The lander's robotic arm delivered the sample Wednesday to an instrument that identifies vapors produced by the heating of samples.

"We have water," said William Boynton of the University of Arizona, lead scientist for the Thermal and Evolved-Gas Analyzer, or TEGA. "This is the first time Martian water has been touched and tasted."

The robotic arm is a critical part of the Phoenix Mars mission. It is needed to trench into the icy layers of northern polar Mars and deliver samples to instruments that will analyze what Mars is made of, what its water is like, and whether it is or has ever been a possible habitat for life.

The soil sample came from a trench approximately 2 inches deep. When the robotic arm first reached that depth, it hit a hard layer of frozen soil. Two attempts to deliver samples of icy soil on days when fresh material was exposed were foiled when the samples became stuck inside the scoop. Most of the material in Wednesday's sample had been exposed to the air for two days, letting some of the water in the sample vaporize away and making the soil easier to handle. "Mars is giving us some surprises," said Phoenix principal investigator Peter Smith of the University of Arizona. "We're excited because surprises are where discoveries come from. One surprise is how the soil is behaving. The ice-rich layers stick to the scoop when poised in the sun above the deck, different from what we expected, from all the Mars simulation testing we've done so far."

Since landing on May 25, Phoenix has been studying soil with a chemistry lab, TEGA, a microscope, a conductivity probe and cameras. The science team is trying to determine whether the water ice ever thaws enough to be available for biology and if carbon-containing chemicals and other raw materials for life are present.

The mission is examining the sky as well as the ground. A Canadian instrument is using a laser beam to study dust and clouds overhead.

"It's a 30-watt light bulb giving us a laser show on Mars," said Victoria Hipkin of the Canadian Space Agency.

A full-circle, color panorama of Phoenix's surroundings also has been completed by the spacecraft. "The details and patterns we see in the ground show an ice-dominated terrain as far as the eye can see," said Mark Lemmon of TexasA & MUniversity, lead scientist for Phoenix's Surface Stereo Imager camera. "They help us plan measurements we're making within reach of the robotic arm and interpret those measurements on a wider scale."

练习：

1. What was discovered by NASA's Phoenix Mars Lander on Mars?

A Vast lakes.

B Flowing rivers.

C Water in a soil sample.

D Living things.

2. Why did the first two attempts to deliver samples fail?

A The sample vaporized away.

B Fresh material was exposed to the air.

C The samples got stuck inside the scoop.

D The robotic arm hit a hard rock.

3. Which one of the following statements is NOT meant by the writer?

A Scientists have been trying to break the ice-rich layers of soil on Mars.

B Scientists have been surprised by how the soil on Mars behaves.

C Scientists have been trying to find out if there is life supporting material on Mars.

D Scientists have been trying to know if water ice will melt.

4. Where are the scientists involved in the research from?

A They are from America.

B They are from Canada.

C They are from both America and Canada.

D They are from neither America nor Canada.

5. Which of the following do you think is the best description of Phoenix's Surface Stereo Imager camera, according to your understanding of the passage?

A It imitates human vision and is able to capture three-dimensional images.

B It imitates human voice and is able to record slight sounds while taking photos.

C It takes clear photos that show every detail of the object.

D It is this particular type of camera that can take wide angle pictures.

"Hidden" Species May Be Surprisingly Common Cryptic species — animals that appear identical but are genetically quite distant — may be much more widespread than previously thought. The findings could have major implications in areas ranging from biodiversity estimates and wildlife management, to our understanding of infectious diseases and evolution.

Reports of cryptic species have increased dramatically over the past two decades with the advent of relatively inexpensive DNA sequencing technology. Markus Pfenninger and Klaus Schwenk, of the Goethe-Universitat in Frankfurt, Germany, analyzed all known data on cryptic animal species and discovered that they are found in equal proportions throughout all major branches of the animal kingdom and occur in equal numbers in all biogeographical regions.

Scientists had previously speculated that cryptic species were predominantly found in insects and reptiles, and were more likely to occur in tropical rather than temperate regions. “Species that are seemingly widespread and abundant could in reality be many different Cryptic species that have low populations and are highly endangered," says Pfenninger. Until the genetic information of all species in at least one taxon is thoroughly studied, no one will know just how many cryptic species exist, "It could be as high as 30%, Pfenninger says.

"I'm extremely surprised by their results," says Alex Smith of the University of Guelph in Ontario, Canada. "It's a call to arms to keep doing the broad kind of genetic studies that we are doing. "

Sampling as many individuals as possible, scientists hope to complete. work on all fish and birds in another 5 to 10 years. Once either of these taxonomic groups is completed, Pfenninger says researchers will be able to decide how many cryptic species exist throughout the animal kingdom.

Examples of cryptic species include the African elephant. A 2001 study found the elephants were actually two genetically distinct, non-interbreeding species, the African bush elephant and the African elephant. The species are currently listed as vulnerable and threatened, respectively, by the World Conservation Union (WCU).

The reclassifications are more than an academic exercise. They define populations that have evolved independently of each other and whose genetic differences can have significant consequences.

In the early 1900s misidentification of mosquito species based on morphology confused: attempts to control malaria in Europe. Ultimately, what was thought to be a single species was actually made up of six sibling species, only three of which transmitted the disease. "The basic unit in biology is always the species, and you have to know what you are dealing with," Pfenninger says. Much previous research is now no longer used, he Says, because it is not clear what species was being studied.

练习：

1. Which of the following about the significance of the research on cryptic species is NOT true?

A The results of the research can help the development of many other research areas.

B The results of the research can help the development of biodiversity estimates.

C The results of the research can help our understanding of infectious disease evolution.

D The results of the research can help our understanding of "survival of the fittest. "

2. What was scientists' understanding of cryptic species?

A They occurred in equal numbers in all biogeographical regions.

B They were mostly found in insects and reptiles.

C They were likely to be in tropical rather than temperate regions.

D Both Band C.

3. Do scientists know how many cryptic species exist?

A Not yet.

B Yes, they do.

C They will know the answer in another one or two-years.

D They will never know the answer.

4. Which of the following about the African bush elephant and the African elephant is true?

A The WCU are interbreeding those elephants.

B They are interbreeding species.

C They are two genetically distant species.

D They depend on each other for survival.

5. People were confused in their attempts to control malaria in Europe in the early 1900s.

because scientists

A identified only one mosquito species instead of six species.

B thought only three mosquito species transmitted disease.

C thought there was only one mosquito species.

D did not know what species was being studied.

Thirsty in Karachi（卫生A）

After two weeks in Karachi, I’m not sure whether to laugh or to cry. Either way, it involves water—or rather the lack of it.

In Western Europe or the US, you only have to turn on the tap and you’ll see a jet of cold water, ready to drink, cook and bathe in, or wash the car. Turn o n the tap in Karachi and you’ll be lucky to fill a few buckets. Until 1947 the city was part of British India, whose engineers built and maintained a modest water supply network for the city’s 500,000 inhabitants. Today, Karachi is home to around 12 million people. Half of them live in slum townships, with little or no water through the mains. Even the rich half usually have to wait days before anything tickles through their pipes. And the coloured liquid that finally emerges is usually too contaminated to drink.

Half usually have to wait days before anything tickles through their pipes. And the coloured liquid that finally emerges is usually too contaminated to drink.

According to the state-owned Karachi Water and Sewerage Board, the city needs more than 2,500 million litres of water each day. The board currently supplies 1,650 million litres of which nearly 40 per cent is lost from leaks—and theft. Leaks are dime a dozen to water utilities the world over, but theft?

Karachi’s unlikely water pirates turn o ut to be ordinary families struggling to get adequate supplies of one of life’s necessities. Stealing water takes many forms. The simplest is to buy a suction pump and get it attached to the water pipe that feeds your house from the mains. This should maximize your share of water every time the board switches on the supply. When the practice started 20 years ago, the pumps would be carefully hidden or disguised as garden ornaments. These days people hardly bother. The pumps are so widespread and water board inspectors so thin on the ground that when officials do confiscate a pump its owner simply buy a replacement.

Insisting that people obey the law won’t work because most households have little

alternative but to steal. For its part, the Karachi Water and Sewerage Board says it would dearly like to make life easier, but finds itself mired in debt because most residents either won’t pay water charges or can’t afford to the Urban Resource Centre, a Karachi-based think tank, of the 1.2 million known consumers of water only 750,000 are billed, of whom just 163,000 actually pay for their supplies. The board makes a perpetual loss, and there is no money to improve the system or even plug the leaks. Worse, the board increasingly relies on international loans from institutions such as the Asian Development Bank, which only makes its debt worse.

The joke is that the owners of the suction pumps end up with little—if any—extra water. Your house is in a line with 20 other households all tapping into one horizontal pipeline. All you can end up doing, given you have pumps of equal strength, is redistribute each other’s entitlement and pay higher electricity bills into the bargain.

Back home in London, I’ll remember not to complain about the water meter, or the hosepipe ban.

练习：

1．According to the passage, people in Karachi today suffer from a short supply of water because

A. the water supply network built in 1947 has stopped to function.

B. the city has become much larger than before.

C. old networks can not meet the need of the city’s greatly-increased population.

D. other city is longer a part of British India.

2. Now people in Karachi do not hide or disguise the suction pumps they use to steal water because

A. the pumps are no longer wanted as garden ornaments.

B. water supply board officials no longer confiscate them.

C. it does not cost much money to buy a new one.

D. many households have them and there are very few inspectors around to try to find them.

3. Confronted with a severe shortage of water supply, the city’s Water and Sewerage Board

A. tries to improve the water supply system with borrowed money.

B. is not making any effort to improve the situation.

C. urges the consumers to obey the law.

D. charges the consumers more for the water they use.

4.Which of the following is true of the owners of the suction pumps, if their neighbors have equally powerful pumps as they do?

A. They get some extra water.

B. They only pay more for electricity.

C. They share what they can get with their neighbors.

D. They replace their pumps with new ones.

5. Which of the following is true about the author when he is back home in London?

A. He misses the days he spent in Karachi.

B. He forgets the complaints he made in Karachi.

C. He is content with the water supply in London.

D. he complains about the water supply in London.

2014年职称英语 阅读理解(41) +Too Little for Global Warming

第四十一篇 Too Little for Global Warming Oil and gas will run out1 too fast for doomsday global warming scenarios2 to materialize, according to a controversial new analysis presented this week at the University of Uppsala in Sweden. The authors warn that all the fuel will be burnt before there is enough carbon dioxide in the atmosphere to realize predictions of melting ice caps and searing temperatures. Defending their predictions, scientists from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change3 say they considered a range of estimates of oil and gas reserves, and point out that coal-burning could easily make up4 the shortfall. But all agree that burning coal would be even worse for the planet. The IPCC’s predictions of global meltdown pushed forward5 the 1997 Kyoto Protocol6, an agreement obliging signatory nations to cut CO2 emissions. The IPCC considered a range of future scenarios, from unlimited burning of fossil-fuels to a fast transition towards greener energy sources. But geologists Anders Sivertsson, Kjell Aleklett and Colin Campbell of Uppsala University say there is not enough oil and gas left even the most conservative of the 40 IPCC scenarios to come to pass7. Although estimates of oil and gas reserves vary widely, the researchers are part of a growing group of experts who believe that oil supplies will peak as soon as 2010, and gas soon after. Their analysis suggests that oil and gas reserves combined amount to the equivalent of about 3,500 billion barrels of oil considerably less than the 5,000 billion barrels estimated in the most optimistic model envisaged by the IPCC. Even the average forecast of about 8,000 billion barrels is more than twice the Swedish estimate of the world’s remaining reserves. Nebojsa akicenovic, an energy economist at the University of Vienna, Austria who headed the 80-strong IPCC team that produced the forecasts, says the panel’s work still stands8. He says they factored in9 a much broader and internationally accepted range of oil and gas estimates than the “conservative”Swedes. Even if oil and gas run out. “there’s a huge amount of coal underground that could be exploited.” He says that burning coal could make the IPCC scenarios come true, but points out that such a switch would be disastrous. Coal is dirtier than oil and gas and produces more CO2for each unit of energy, as well as releasing large amounts of particulates. He says the latest

2015年职称英语理工类C级考试真题及答案

2015年职称英语理工类C级考试真题及答案第一部分：词汇选项 1. The weather last summer was awful. A. bad B. fair C. dry D. hot 参考答案：A 2. The law carries a penalty of up to three years in prison. A. message B. guilt C. obligation D. punishment 参考答案：D 3. My piano playing has improved significantly since I had a new teacher. A. definitely B. generally C. certainly D. greatly 参考答案：D 4. There is a need for radical changes in education.

A. revolutionary B. long-term C. short-term D. systematic 参考答案：A 5. It frustrates me that I‘m not able to put any of my ideas into practice. A. discourages B. shows C. surprises D. frightens 参考答案：A 6. I realized to my horror that I had forgotten the present. A. limit B. fear C. power D. fool 参考答案：B 7. He tried to assemble his thoughts. A. gather B. clear C. share D. spare

2014中考英语阅读理解及答案：圣诞之夜

2014中考英语阅读理解及答案：圣诞之夜 A On Christmas Eve─the night before Christmas Day─children all over Britain put a stocking at the end of their beds before they go to sleep. Their parents usually tell them that Father Christmas will come during the night. Father Christmas is very kind and hearted. He gets to the top of each house and climbs down the chimney into the fireplace. He fills each of the stockings with Christmas presents. Of course, Father Christmas isn’t real. In Jim and Kate’s house, “Father Christmas” is really Mr Green. Mr Green doesn’t climb down the chimney. He waits until the children are asleep. Then he quietly goes into their bedrooms and fills their stockings with small presents. When they were very young, Mr Green sometimes wore a red co at. But he doesn’t do that now. The children are no longer young, and they know who “Father Christmas” really is. But they still put their stockings at the end of their beds. 1. Christmas Eve is __________. A. the night of Christmas Day B. the evening of Christmas Day

理工类职称英语新增完整版

理工类职称英语新增标准化管理处编码[BBX968T-XBB8968-NNJ668-MM9N]

【经典资料，ＷＯＲＤ文档，可编辑修改】 【经典考试资料，答案附后，看后必过，ＷＯＲＤ文档，可修改】 第八篇What Is a Dream For centuries, people have wondered about the strange things that they dream about. Some psychologists say that this nighttime activity of the mind has no special meaning. Others，however， think that dreams are an important part of our lives. In fact, many experts believe that dreams can tell us about a person’s mind and emotions. Before modern times, many people thought that dreams contained messages from God. It was only in the twentieth century that people started to study dreams in a scientific way. The Austrian psychologist, Sigmund Freud，was probably the first person to study dreams scientifically. In his famous book, The interpretation of Dreams (1900), Freud wrote that dreams are an expression of a person’s wishes. He believed that dreams allow people to express the feelings, thoughts, and fears that they are afraid to express in real life. 1 The Swiss psychiatrist Carl Jung，however，had a different idea about dreams. Jung believed that the purpose of a dream was to communicate a message to the dreamer. He thought people could learn more about themselves by

2014年职称英语真题及答案综合类C级(阅读理解)

Taking Pictures of the World Meet Annie Griffiths Belt,a National Geographic photographer.Belt has worked for National Geographic since 1978,and has taken pictures on almost every continent in the world.In fact,Antarctica is the only continent Belt hasn't seen yet. Belt's photographs are well known for their beauty and high quality.They also reflect very different cultures and regions of the world.Belt has photographed the ancient city of Petra, Jordan,as well as the green landscapes of the Lake District in England.Recently,her pictures appeared in a book about undeveloped natural places in North America. Everywhere that Belt goes,she takes pictures of people. Belt has found ways to connect with people of all ages and nationalities even when she does not speak their language." The greatest privilege of my job is being allowed into people's lives,"she has said."The camera is like a passport,and I am often overwhelmed by how quickly people welcome me!"

职称英语考试理工类B级真题及答案

2014职称英语《理工B》真题及答案(代码22) 第一部分：词汇选项 下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。 1. The majority of people around here are decent. A. real B. honest C. normal D. wealthy 答案：D 2. The curriculum was too narrow and too rigid. A. hidden B. traditional C. inflexible D. official 答案：C 3. The committee was asked to render a report on the housing situation. A. furnish B. copy C. publish D. summarize 答案：A 4. Afterwards there was just a feeling of let-down. A. excitement B. disappointment C. anger D. calm 答案：B 5. Several windows had been smashed. A. cleaned

C. fixed D. broken 答案：D 6. The worst agonies of the war were now beginning. A. pains B. parts C. aspects D. results 答案：A 7. London quickly became a flourishing port. A. major B. large C. successful D. commercial 答案：C 8. She felt that she had done her good deed for the day. A. homework B. justice C. model D. act 答案：D 9. He led a very moral life. A. human B. intelligent C. natural D. honourable 答案：D 好学教育2015年职称英语考试过关课程课件汇总：https://www.sodocs.net/doc/877372910.html,/RhFad1W 10. His stomach felt hollow with fear.

2014中考英语阅读理解及答案：互联网改变生活

2014中考英语阅读理解及答案：互联网改变 生活 It’s hard to imagine life without the Internet. How greatly it has changed our lives in the past 15 years since it was widely used. At the same time, however, the Internet has also caused some traditions to fall away (消失). E-mail is quicker and cheaper. Getting a handwritten letter from a friend has become a rare (稀有的) pleasure. Who would like to pay 60 yuan for 12 songs in a plastic case if you can find music in the Interact for free? When almost any fact can be found within seconds through Google and Baidu, personal memory becomes less important. The Web can remember it for us. When was the last time you watched the world out of a window? When was the last time you read a favorite book once again? When was the last time you sat in the cinema with your family? More and more people lose themselves in the Internet. They show less interest and spend less time in the outside world. You’ve spent the past few years talking with your freinds on QQ, or reading about his or her QQ suqare, so meeting a freind is no longer as important as it once was.

职称英语理工类新增

写在最前面的关于30分题+15分 1. +表示A级文章；*表示B即文章；其他为C级文章，考哪一级就看哪一级的内容，别的级别的题目完全不用看。 2. 每个级别新增阅读理解2篇完型填空2篇（今年以前完形填空只新增一篇），考试的时候，这两篇阅读理解必考一篇，文章完全一样，但是问题及答案不一定完全一样，所以仅仅记住答案是不可靠的，一定要结合后面的翻译把这篇文章看懂。那么这里5道题目15分必定能拿到。 然后完型填空，先说今年以前，只新增一篇完型填空，这篇完型填空必考，只是留空的位置不会完全一样，大约有40%左右的留空位置是一样，所以光背答案是没得用的，一定要把文章看熟。当然今年由于每个级别新增了2篇完型填空，那么考试的时候肯定也是2选1考一篇。这里15道题15分也很容易能拿到。 3. 词汇有15道题，替换同义词，找本字典翻翻，这15分也不难，至少12分能拿到吧。其他的题能拿多少分就看各位的英语底子了。做最坏的打算，剩下的题目还有55分，按瞎蒙25%的概率能拿到13.75分，加上前面的45分大约也有58分左右，所以要完全靠瞎蒙的朋友考试前多扶扶老奶奶过马路，多积累点人品吧。 4. 以上只是投机取巧的方法，各位有时间的话还是花点时间复习下，但是考前一定要把新增的题目掌握好，就算英语

底子好的朋友也起码可以节约不少考试时间。 5. 本人职称英语A\B\C级都是这样考过的，每年的规律都是一样的。从客观角度说，每年的职称英语考试书都不便宜，新增的内容也不多，如果新增的东西里面没有价值，那么那本书还有谁买？那本书可是考试中心出的，亲！ 最后，祝大家考试顺利！

2012年职称英语理工类 新增文章 阅读理解（6篇）……………………3页 第六篇 Making Light of1 Sleep 第十九篇 Graphene's Superstrength1 *第三＋八篇 "Life Form Found" on Saturn's Titan *第四十篇 Teaching Math, Teaching Anxiety +第四＋五篇 Teaching Math, Teaching Anxiety +第四十六篇Ants Have Big Impact on Environment as "Ecosystem Engineers" 完形填空（6篇）……………………20页 第三篇 Germs on Banknotes 第十篇 Chicken Soup for the Soul：Comfort Food Fights Loneliness *第十一篇 Climate Change Poses Major Risks for Unprepared Cities *第十二篇 Free Statins With Fast Food Could Neutralize Heart Risk +第十三篇 Solar Power without Solar Cells +第十五篇“Liquefaction” Key to Much of Japanese Earthquake Damage 注： 1、+表示A级文章；*表示B即文章；其他为C级文章； 2、阅读理解，请参见第3页；完形填空，请参见第20页； 3、2012年词汇部分与2011年教材相比未作任何变化。

职称英语阅读理解(终审稿)

职称英语阅读理解 文稿归稿存档编号：[KKUY-KKIO69-OTM243-OLUI129-G00I-FDQS58-MG129]

【经典资料，ＷＯＲＤ文档，可编辑修改】 【经典考试资料，答案附后，看后必过，ＷＯＲＤ文档，可修改】 第二十七篇Driven to Distraction Joe Coyne slides into the driver’s seat, starts up the car and heads1 to town. The empty stretch of interstate gives way to urban congestion2, and Coyne hits the brakes as a pedestrian suddenly crosses the street in front of him. But even if he hadn’t stopped in time, the woman would have been safe. She isn’t real. Neither is the town. And Coyne isn’t really driving. Coyne is demonstrating a computerized driving simulator that is helping researchers at Old Dominion University3 (ODU) examine how in-vehicle guidance systems affect the person behind the wheel.4 The researchers want to know if such systems, which give audible or written directions, are too distracting — or whether any distractions are offset5 by the benefits drivers get from having help finding their way in unfamiliar locations.6 “We are looking at the performance and mental workload of drivers,” said Caryl Baldwin, the assistant psychology professor lending the research, which involves measuring drivers reaction time and brain activity as they respond to auditory and visual cues7. The researchers just completed a study of the mental workload8 involved in driving through different kinds of environments and heavy

职称英语考试理工类B级考试试题

职称英语考试理工类B级考试试题(1)2 第2部分：阅读判断（第16-22题，每题1分，共7分） 阅读下面这篇短文。短文后列出了7个句子。请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息。请在答题卡上把A涂黑：如果该句提供的是错误信息。请在答题卡上把B涂黑：如果该句的信息文章中没有提及。请在答题卡上把C涂黑。 The Smog（烟雾） For over a month. Indonesia was in crisis. Forest fires raged out of control as the country Suffered its worst drought for 50 years . Smoke form the fires mixed with sunlight and hot dry air to form a cloud of smog This pollution quickly spread and within days it was hanging over neighbouring countries including Malaysia.Singapore and Thailand When the smoke combined with pollution from factories and cars.it soon became poisonous （有毒的）。Dangerous amounts of CO became trapped under the smog and pollution levels rose. People wheezed f喘息）and coughed as they left the house and their eyes watered immediately. The smog made it impossible to see across streets and whole cities disappeared as grey soot （烟灰）covered everything.In some areas，water was hosed（用胶管浇）from high—rise city buildings to tIY and break up the smog.

2014中考英语阅读理解及答案：国宝熊猫

2014中考英语阅读理解及答案：国宝熊猫 The panda is one of the anmails most in are about 1,000 pandas living in nature reserves and research centres look after about 160 are studying how they live and more baby pandas are born in the zoos. Pandas live in the forests and mountains of Southwest mainly live on bamboo,and each panda needs to eat a lot of bamboo every area of bamboo is becoming smaller for many different reasons ,so pandas have less and less land to live on .Pandas don’t have many babies,and baby pandas often die,The situation is becoming very serious. Our govemment is working hard to save are more than 30 nature reserves to protect pandas but these are not enough .The government has made a new plan to help nature reserves will be bigger and the bamboo will grow the pandas will have enough food to eat and enough places to live born in the zoos may go back to live in the nature reserves. Most people love panda is one of the best-known animals in the is the symbol for the World Wide Fund For WWF works to protect all animals in danger,so the panda has become the symbol of all animals in is still a long way to go to save

2020年职称英语新增文章：教材理工类第六篇

2020年职称英语新增文章：教材理工类第六篇 第六篇 The Apgar Test The baby was bom at 3：36 p. m. At 3：37，she scored 4 out of 10 on her first test. At 3：41，she scored 8 out of 10. The doctor was glad. Another baby, bom at 8：24 p. m.，scored 3 out of 10 on his first test He scored 4 out of 10 on his second test. He took another test at 8：34 and scored 5. 1 He called for help1. These newborn babies took a test called the Apgar test. This test helps doctors diagnose problems. 2 Most babies take two tests. The first is at 1 minute after birth, and the second is at 5 minutes after birth. If a baby’s score at 5 minutes is less than 6，the baby takes another test at 10 minutes after birth. The Apgar t est is not an intelligence test. It’s a test that shows a baby’s health right after it is bom. The Apgar test measures things such as a baby’s color, heart rate, and breathing. The test has five parts, and the score for each part can be 0，1，or 2. 3

2014年职称英语综合类考试教材阅读理解文章及译文(4)

2014年职称英语综合类考试教材阅读理解文章及译文（4）2014年职称英语考试时间为3月29日。小编为您整理职称英语教材中，阅读理解部分的文章及译文，希望对您有所助益。 Motoring Technology 1.2 million road deaths worldwide occur each year, plus a further 50 million injuries. To reduce car crash rate, much research now is focused on safety and new fuels-though some electric vehicle and biofuel research aims at going faster. Travelling at speed has always been dangerous. One advanced area of research in motoring safety is the use of digital in-car assistants. They can ensure you don’t miss important road signs or fall asleep. Most crashes result from human and not mechanical faults. Some safety developments aim to improve your vision. Radar can spot obstacles in fog, while other technology "sees through" big vehicles blocking your view. And improvements to seat belts, pedal(脚踏)controls and tyres are making driving smoother and safer. The colour of a car has been found to be linked with safety, as have, less surprisingly, size and shape. But whatever is in the fuel tank, you don’t want a thief in the driving seat and there have been many innovations(创新).Satellite tracking and remote communications can also come into play if you crash, automatically calling for help. Accidents cause many traffic jams, but there are more subtle interplays between vehicles that can cause jams even on a clear but busy road. Such jams can be analyzed using statistical tools. Robotic drivers could be programmed to make traffic flow smoothly and will perhaps one day be everyons’s personal chauffeur(司机),but their latest efforts suggest that won’t be soon. 1.To reduce car crash rate,many scientists are working hard to A.design fully automatic cars. B.develop faster electric vehicles. C.analyze road deaths occurring worldwide each year. D.improve the safety of cars and develop new fuels.

职称英语理工类A真题及答案(完整版)

2015职称英语理工类A真题及答案(完整版) 第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分) 下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。 1. I will not tolerate that sort of behavior in my class. A. control B. observe C. regulate D. accept 2. She showed a natural aptitude for the work. A. sense B. talent C. flavor D. taste 3. Most people find rejection hard to accept. A. excuse B. client C. refusal D. destiny 4. The organization was bold enough to face the press. A. pleased B. powerful C. brave D. sensible 5. They were locked in mortal combat. A. deadly B. open C. actual D. active 6. We were attracted by the lure of quick money. A. amount B. supply C. tempt D. sum 7. The procedures were perceived as complex and less transparent. A. clear B. necessary C. special D. correct 8. The Stock Exchange is in turmoil following a huge wave of selling. A. Service B. danger C. disorder D. threat 9. He believes that Europe must change or it will perish. A. survive B. last C. die D. move

中考英语阅读理解练习题 (word)1

中考英语阅读理解练习题（word）1 一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析） 1．阅读理解 Science fiction is a popular kind of writing, and many people think of Jules Verne（凡尔纳） as the father of science fiction. He was born in France in 1828. His father wanted him to become a lawyer, but from his early 20s Verne decided to become a writer. At first he wrote plays for the theater. Then, in 1863, he wrote a story called Five Weeks in a Balloon. The success of this book encouraged him to write more stories such as A Journey to the Center of the Earth（1864） and From the Earth to the Moon（1865）. In the 19th century, many people were interested in science and inventions. Jules Verne wrote about scientific subjects in his stories and, as a result, they were very popular. Verne's writing included many predictions（预言）for the 20th century and many of them came true. He described space flight, movies, and air conditioning, a long time before they appeared. These books were very successful and they made Verne rich. Jules Verne's books have been the subjects for many movies. 20, 000 Leagues under the Sea was a successful movie for Walt Disney. It was the first time that Disney movie had used real actors instead of cartoon drawings. Around the World in Eighty Days is another famous movie based on one of Verne's books. The main character is an Englishman called Phileas Fogg. For him, the most important thing is to be always on time! （1）What does the phrase "the father of science fiction" mean? A. The father who has several children. B. The man who loves science and inventions. C. The writer whose father wrote science fiction. D. The man who first started writing science fiction successfully. （2）What encouraged Jules Verne to write more stories? A. The plays he wrote for the theater. B. The encouragement from his father. C. The success of Five Weeks in a Balloon. D. The scientific subjects in his stories. （3）Why were Jules Verne's books very popular in the 19th century? A. Because his books made him rich and famous. B. Because he wrote many plays for the theater at that time. C. Because his books were the subjects for many movies. D. Because many people were interested in science and inventions. （4）Which of the following has the main character called Phileas Fogg? A. Five Weeks in a Balloon. B. Around the World in Eighty Days. C. A Journey to the Center of the Earth. D. From the Earth to the Moon. （5）According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? A. The space flight Verne described was different from others. B. The main characters in Verne's books are always on time. C. Jules Verne only wrote in the 19th century. D. Many of the predictions in Verne's stories came true.