初中英语近义词辨析中考复习

初中英语近义词辨析中考复习

1.clothes, cloth, clothing

clothes统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数， cloth指布，为不可数名词 clothing 服装的总称，指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of

2.f amily, house, home

home 家，包括住处和家人，house房子，住宅，family家庭成员.

My family is a happy one.

3.s ound, voice, noise

sound自然界各种各样的声音，voice人的嗓音，noise噪音I hate the loud noise outside.

4.p hoto, picture, drawing

photo用照相机拍摄的照片，picture可指相片，图片，电影片，drawing画的画.

5.p opulation, people

population人口，人数，people具体的人 China has a large population.

6.r oad, street, path, way

road具体的公路，马路，street街道，path小路，小径，way道路，途径

take this road; in the street, show me the way to the museum.

7.c ustom, habit

custom传统风俗，习俗，也可指生活习惯，后接to do， habit 生活习惯，习惯成自然，后接of doing. I've got the habit of drinking a lot.

8.e xercise, exercises, practice

exercise运动，锻炼（不可数），exercises练习（可数），practice （反复做的）练习

Practice makes perfect.

9.c lass, lesson

作"课"解时,两者可以替换.指课文用lesson. 指班级或全体学生用class. Lesson 6; class 5.

10.officer, official

officer部队的军官，official政府官员 an army officer 11.work, job

二者均指工作。work不可数，job可数 a good job

12.couple, pair

couple主要指人或动物，pair多指由两部分组成的东西 a pair of trousers

13.country, nation, state, land

country侧重指版图，疆域，nation指人民，国民，民族，state 侧重指政府，政体，land国土，国家 The whole nation was sad at the news.

14.police, policeman

police警察的总称，后接复数谓语动词，policeman 指某个具体

的警察 The police are questioning everyone in the house.

15.problem, question

problem常和困难连系，前面的动词常为think about, solve, raise，question常和疑问连系，多和ask, answer连用. 16.chick, chicken

二者均可指小鸡，chicken还可以当鸡肉The chicken is delicious.

17.trip, journey, travel, voyage

travel是最常用的，trip指短期的旅途，journey指稍长的旅途，voyage指海上航行a three-day trip

18.sport, game

sport多指户外的游戏或娱乐活动，如打球，游泳，打猎，赛马等；game指决定胜负的游戏，通常有一套规则 His favorite sport is swimming.

19.price, prize

price价格，prize奖，奖品，奖金 win the first prize, The price is high/low.

20. a number of, the number of

a number of许多，谓语动词用复数。the number of…的数目，

谓语动词用单数。The number of students is increasing. 21.in front of, in the front of

in front of范围外的前面，in the front of范围内的前面 In the front of the room sits a boy.

22.three of us, the three of us

three of us我们（不止三个）中的三个，the three of us我们三个（就三个人）The three of us---Tom, Jack and I went to the cinema.

23.by bus, on the bus

by bus表手段，方式，不用冠词，on the bus表范围 They went there by bus.

24.next year, the next year

next year将来时间状语，the next year过去将来时间状语 He said he would go abroad the next year.

25.in place of, in the place of

in place of代替，in the place of在…地方 A new building is built in the place of the old one.

26. a girl, one girl

a girl可泛指所有女孩, one girl一个女孩 Can one girl carry

such a big box?

27.the doctor and teacher, the doctor and the teacher

the doctor and teacher指一个人，既是医生又是老师，the doctor and the teacher两个人，一个医生和一个老师 the doctor and teacher is

28.in bed, on the bed

in bed卧在床上，on the bed在床上 The book is on the bed.

He is ill in bed.

29.in charge of, in the charge of

in charge of管理，负责照料， in the charge of由……照料 He is in charge of the matter. The matter is in the charge of her.

30.in class, in the class

in class在课上，in the class在班级里 He is the best student in the class.

31. a second, the second

a second又一，再一，the second第…… He won the second prize.

32.it, one

it同一物体，one同类不同一 I lost my pen. I have to buy a new one.

33.that, this

that指代上文所提到的，this导出下文所要说的 I was ill.

That's why…

34.none, nothing, no one

none强调有多少，nothing, no one强调有没有，nothing指物，no one指人

--- How many…/How much…? --- None.

35.anyone, any one

anyone指人，不能接of，any one指人物均可，可接of any one of you

36.who, what

who指姓名或关系，what指职业或地位 What is your dad? He is

a teacher.

37.what, which

what的选择基础是无限制的，which在一定范围内进行选择

Which do you prefer, bananas or apples?

38.other, another

other后接名词复数，another后接名词单数 other students, another student

39.many, much, a lot of

many和可数名词连用，much和不可数名词连用，a lot of可数，不可数均可，但不用于否定句 I haven't many books.

40.much more…than, many more…than

much more…than后接形容词或不可数名词，many more…than后接可数名词 many more people, much more water, much more beautiful

41.no, not

no=not a/any no friend=not a/any friend no water=not any water

42.by oneself, for oneself, to oneself, of oneself

by oneself单独的，独自的，for oneself为自己，to oneself 供自己用的，of oneself 自行的，

自动的 The door opened of itself.

43.at all, after all

at all根本，全然, after all到底，毕竟 After all he is a child.

44.tall, high

tall常指人或动物，high常指物体 He is tall.

45.fast, quickly

fast侧重于指人或物体具有运动速度快的特点，quickly侧重指某事完成或发生的快 run fast, answer the question quickly 46.healthy, healthful

healthy健康的，健壮的，healthful有益于健康的 healthful exercise

47.sleeping, asleep, sleepy

sleeping正在睡觉，asleep睡着，熟睡，只能做表语，sleepy 困的，有睡意的

a sleeping baby The baby is asleep. I'm sleepy.

48.just, very

just表强调时是副词，作状语，very表强调时是形容词，用作定语 the very man, just the man

49.real, true

real真的，真实的，指的是事实上存在而不是想象的，true真的，真正的，指的是事实和实际情况相符合 real gold, a true story 50.pleasant, pleased, pleasing

pleasant常用作定语，pleased, pleasing常用作表语，pleased 主语常为人，

pleasing主语常为物 a pleasant trip The trip is pleasing.

51.ill, sick

ill做表语，sick定，表均可 a sick boy

52.good, well

good形容词，well副词，但指身体状况是形容词 He is well

again.

53.quiet, silent, still

quiet安静的，可以发出小的声音，silent不发出声音，但可以动，still完全不动，完全无声响 He stand there still. 他站在那儿，一动不动，也不说话。

54.hard, hardly

hard努力，hardly几乎不 work hard I can hardly believe it.

55.almost, nearly

二者均为"几乎,差不多" 和否定词连用用almost almost nobody

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/8910256489.html,te, lately

late迟，晚，lately最近，近来 I haven't seen him lately.

57.living, alive, live, lively

living, alive, live均为活着的，living定表均可，alive定表均可，定语后置，live只能做定语，lively意为活波的 all the