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英语四级阅读长难句的攻克方法

英语四级阅读长难句的攻克方法
英语四级阅读长难句的攻克方法

英语四级阅读长难句的攻克方法

英语四级阅读长难句的攻克方法

四级阅读中最常见的就是以这种增加句子修饰成分为手段而构成的长难句。其中以增加从句和非谓语动词为主。而在具体的阅读与翻译过程中,应当先将这些修饰成分取掉,来看句子的`主干意思。

例如:

Attheearlyattempts,thecablefailedandwhenitwastakenoutforrep airsitwasfoundtobecoveredinlivinggrowths,afactwhichdefiedco ntemporaryscientificopinionthattherewasnolifeinthedeeperpar tsofthesea.

在早期的尝试中,电缆铺设失败了。当它被拿出来修理的时候,发现上面布满了生物,这样一个事实的发现挑战了当代海洋底下没有生命的科学观点.

这个句子比较典型。其一,它出现了三种主要从句:时间状语从句、定语从句和同位语从句。时间状语从句由when引导,而主句是itwasfoundtobecoveredinlivinggrowths和afact。而afact之后又由which引导了一个定语从句,用来修饰afact。在这个定语从句中,不难发现,在scientificopinion之后又跟了一个同位语从句。在阅读的时候可以先取掉这个句子中的所有修饰成分,于是在这个从句套从句的长难句中,句子的主干实际上就是thecablefailedanditwasfoundtobecoveredinlivinggrowths,andaf act。其二,正确的区分和理解以that引导的定语从句和同位语从句的差别在阅读中显得尤为重要。如例子中这个句子scientificopinion之后的部分,它到底是定语从句对前面的关键词起修饰限定作用?还是同位语从句起补充说明作用呢?为了便于区分,可以通过观察that之后的句子成分进行判断,即:that之后

的部分如果句子结构完整则为同位语从句,如果不完整则为定语从句。

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