高考-状语从句讲解和练习题

定义——在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语从句，状语从句由从属连词引导，也可以由一个起连词作用的词组引导，有时甚至不需要连词而直接和主句连接起来。

类型——时间、地点、原因、结果、条件、目的、让步、方式、比较状语从句。

1.引导词when, while, as, as soon as, once, before, after, every time, each time, since, whenever, ever since, until ,till等。

2.whenever, each time, every time的用法。注：whenever=no matter when

every time / each time 每次，whenever 每当······时，表示习惯性、经常性的动作。

Whenever we met with difficulties, they came to help us.

Each time he came to town he would visit our school.

Eevery time I went to his house, he was out.

注：whenever=no matter when

whenever既可以引导时间从句也可引导名词性从句，no matter when只可以引导时间状语从句。

It does not matter whenever the party begins.

3.before的汉英表达

1）before的基本含义是“在·····以前”

The train had left before he got to the station.

注意：与before对应的是after引导的时间状语从句，表“在·····之后”。

2）强调从句动作发生的晚或慢，before可译成“（后）·····才”

句型：It was + 时间段+ before·····It will be + 时间段+ before·····

It seemed long time before my turn came.

It was a long time before I got to sleep again.

It will be five years before we meet again.

3)主句中谓语动词是否定形式，before可译成“就”、“便”、“快”

句型：It was not +时间段+ before ····

It won’t be + 时间段+ before ····（从句谓语动词用一般现在时）

It was not long before he got to know it.

It won’t be long before we get promotion.

4)强调在从句动作发生之前，主句动作已经发生，before可译成“还没有····就”

Before I could say a single word, he ran away.

4.when, while, as 的用法及区别

1）when表示“当····的时候”

从句中既可用延续性动词，又可用点动词，可表示动作，又可表示状态。从句中的动词既可和主句的动作同时发生，又可在主句的动作之前或之后发生。

I met Tom when I was walking along the street.

1)如果when 从句的主语与主句主语相同，谓语又是be动词，从句主语和be可以省略。

When (you are) in trouble, ask me for help.

2）当when从句主语与主句主语相同时，用when加分词可以代替状语从句。

When ( I am) sleeping, I can never hear anything.

2.as 表示“当····时”、“一边····一边”、“随着”

1)表示“当····时”、“与····同时”，指从句的动作未结束，主句中的动作就已发生。从句中多用动态动词，而不用be动词或表示感觉、理解、知道这类动词。

As he was eating his breakfast , he heard the door bell ringing.(强调同一时间)

2）用于平行的动作中，表示“一边····一边····”，常指一个主语同时进行两个动作。

The students took notes as they listened.

3)表示“随着····”，常指两种正在发展或变化的情况。

As spring warms the good earth, all flowers begin to bloom.

3.while表示“在····的时候”、“在····期间”

它强调主句的动作与从句的动作同时发生或强调主句表示的动作持续于while所指的整个时间内。While 从句中必须是延续性动词。

I was reading the book while he was watching TV.

1)如果主句的动作在从句的动作过程中发生，从句常用进行时。

While we were swimming, someone stole our clothes.

2)如果主句和从句主语相同，while加现在分词可代替状语从句。

While discussing the matter, they got very excited.

3)while有时还有对比的含义，意为“然而，却”。

While I was reading, he was playing.

注意：1.表示主句的动作发生在从句的较长动作过程中，用when,while, as。

He was fond of swimming when (while) he was yet a child.

As he was a child, he was fond of swimming.

2.从句中为be动词时，多用when 和while.

Don’t talk too much when (while) you are eacting.

3.谈论两个同时进行的长时间动作可用while。

While he is in the office, he is always serious.(严肃的)

4.谈论两个平行动作或两种状态变化多用as。

The students rose as the teacher entered the classroom.

5.till和untill的用法。

在肯定句中表示“直到····为止”，主句需用延续性动词。在否定句中表示“直到····才”，主句常用点动词。1）till一般不用于句首

Let’s wait till the rain stops. Don’t wake him till midnight.

2)until when疑问句中，untill要放在句首

——Until when are you staying here ?

——Until next Tuesday.

注意：当until引起的状语修饰动词肯定式时，动词常是延续性动词；反之，修饰动词否定式时，动词常是点动词。

3）否定句可用另外两种句式表示

Not until ····放在句首，主句用倒装。

Not until it was dark did he come back.

It is not until ···that ···强调句型。

It wasn’t until I began to work that I realized how much time I had wasted.

6.since（自从）,ever since(自从)的用法

since表示自过去的一个起点时间到目前(说话时间)为止的一段持续时间。主句一般用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。

I have known her since I have lived here.

He has been ill ever since.他自那以后一直生病。

句型：It is / has been + 时间段+since····(一般过去时)

It is 10 years since he lived here.

7.表示“一····就····”的结构

Hardly / scarcely ····when , no sooner ···· than, as soon as, the minute, the momemt, directly, immediately 都可以表示“一····就····”的意思。

I had hardly / scarcely got home when it began to rain.=I had no sooner got home than it began to rain.= As soon as I got home, it began to rain.

The old worker recognized the type of the machine directly he saw it.

注意：如果hardly, scarcely 或no sooner置于句首，主句必须用倒装结构。

Hadly had I got home when it began to rain.= No sooner had I got home than it began to rain.

The performance had hardly begun when the lights went out. = Hardly had the performance begun when the lights

分为两大类：

真实条件句——当从句所表达的条件是有可能实现的、是真实的条件时，用真实条件句。

If it rains tomorrow, we won’t hold a sports meeting on the playground.

If I have time, I will come to help you.

非真实条件句——当从句所表达的条件是不可能实现的、与客观事实完全相反的条件或假设时，用非真实条件句。

If I had known the answer at that time , I would have told him.

1.if, unless和if···not用法

条件状语从句可以由if, unless等词或词组引导。Unless在意义上相当于if···not。

If I had enough money, I would buy it.

You will fail unless you study hard. = You will fail if you don’t study hard.

You won’t be late unless he is ill. = He won’t be late if he is not ill.

注意：虚拟条件句中可用if···not,但不能用unless。

If she were not too silly, she would understand.

2.引导条件状语从句的其他连词

in case 万一，so / as long as 只要，as / so far as 就···而言，on condition that 条件是····，suppose假设，supposing假设等。

Send us a message in case you have any difficulty.

You may stay here as long as you keep quiet.

We will let you use the room on condition that you keep it clean and tidy.

Suppose the plane is late?= What if ( What will happen if ) the plane is late?

注意：on condition that 从句只位于主句后。

Suppose / supposing往往仅用在问句中。

Suppose / supposing we can’t ge enough food, what shall we do ?

3.if后的主谓可以省略

If possible, I would lke to have two copies.= if it is possible, I would like to have two copies.

注意：当主句是一般将来时，条件句要用一般现在时。

1.引导词as, because, since, now that, considering that , seeing that等。

2.because引导的原因状语从句

Because不能与so 连用，但可与therefore, consequently 连用。

3.seeing that 引导的原因状语从句

Seeing that quite a few people were absent, we decided to put the meeting off.

4.because与for的区别

For是并列连词，表示因果关系时，可用because替换，不同是：because引导的从句位置可在主句之前或

之后，而for分句只能后置。另外，当for用于推断或猜测（常有must be, must have done 结构）时，不能用because替换。

It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet now.

5.在it is / was ···that···的强调结构中

1.引导词that , so that, for fear that以便，in case等，这类从句中常常用情态动词may/might, can/could,should等，以保证语气通顺自然。

He wrote the name down for fear that / lest he should forget it.

They do exercises every morning so that they might be healthy.

注意：目的状语从句中一般用情态动词或“should+动词原形”，或省略should。

The students study hard so that they they may pass the exam.

2.in case, lest , for fear that引导的目的状语从句。

动词可以用虚拟语气，形式为（should）+ 动词原形，也可以不用虚拟语气，用动词的一般现在时或一般过去时。

You had better leave the key at home in case one of us should think of / thinks of coming back.

1.引导词that, so that , so···that, such···that。

I am really tired that I can not stand.

2.so与such的用法

1）当名词前有many, much, few, little(少)修饰时，要用so而不用such

I have had so many falls that I am black and blue all over.

He did so much work that he was really tired.

有时为了表示强调，so位于句首，这时后面跟动词的倒装形式。

So terrible was the storm that whole roofs were ripped off.

3.such的位置

1）与不定代词any, all, no, few, some, several等连用时，放在不定代词后。

All such possibilities must be considered.

Several such mistakes affect the whole composition.

2)与不定冠词连用放在不定冠词前。常用结果状语从句句型：

so + 形容词/副词+that 从句。They were so absorbed that we didn’t disturb them.

so + 形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+that 从句。It was so beautiful a night that I wanted to walk.

such a/an + 形容词+单数可数名词+that 从句。It is such a good chance that we must not miss it.

such+形容词+复数可数名词/不可数名词+that从句。

There are much lovely birds here that many children come to see them.

注意：They are such little children that they don’t kown that.

He had so little education that he didn’t know that.

在词组such little children中，little表示“小”，修饰名词children，不是表示“少”，所以用such;而词组so little 表示“少”，so修饰形容词little。

1.引导词although, though,however,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever,whenever,wherever, whether,no matter(who, what,where,when ,etc.) even if, even though。

We won’t be discouraged even if / even though we fail ten times.

No matter what you do, don’t touch this switch.

However rich people are, they always seem anxious to make more money.

2.as 引导的让步状语从句

连词as也可以引导让步状语从句，但从句中要用特殊语序。

Young as he is, he knows a lot.= Though he is young，he knows a lot.= Young though he is, he knows a lot.

注意：though也有同as一样的用法，可以替代as，但although没有这种用法。

表语为名词时，前面通常不用冠词。Child as he was, he knew that what was the right thing to do.

表语为形容词修饰的名词时，要用冠词。

A young child as he is, he knows how to please others.

3.even if , even though引导的让步状语从句even if, even though即使，表示让步，语气最强。

We will make a trip even though/even if the weather is bad.

4.though 和although引导的让步状语从句

Though和although不能与but连用，但可与still和yet连用。

Though it is hard work, I still enjoy it.

Although it was very cold, yet he went out without a cap.

5.whether ···or引导的让步状语从句

Whether he drives or takes the bus,he will be here on time.

6.despite和in spite of 的用法

Despite / In spite of the bad weather, they had a wonderful holiday.

In spite of having no qualifications he got the job.=He got the job in spite of having no qualifications.

Despite the severe weather conditions all the cars completed the course.

7.no matter+疑问句或疑问句+后缀ever用法

no matter what=whatever no matter who=whoever no matter when=whenever

no matter where=wherever no matter which=whichever no matter how=however

However/No matter how expensive it may be, I will take it.

注意：no matter 不能引导名词性从句

Don’t let them in , whoever/no matter who they are.

Whatever you do, don’t tell him that I told you this.

Whatever you say is of no importance now.

1.引导词as 按照，与···一样, as if仿佛, as though.仿佛

I must do as my parents tell me to.

2.as if / as though由.as if / as though引导的方式状语从句可用虚拟语气

1.引导词as···as, not so/as ···as,than, the more ···the more···,more···than, the most···in/of···等。He got up earlier than I did.

2.同等状况的比较He studies as hard as you. He doesn’t study as hard as you.

3.不同层次的比较

I know you better than she.

There are more than one hundred people in the hall.

The more he learns, the more he wants to learn.

This is the most comfortable chair of the three.

4.形容词和不定式或动名词连用时的比较

通常两者都可使用，但动词不定式常常用于特定的动作，动名词则用于一般情况。

It will soon be more difficult to get a visa than it is now.

Getting a visa will soon be more difficult than it is now.

5.动词原形与would rather / sooner 连用

Most people would rather work than starve.

where在···的地方，wherever无论哪里，everywhere / anywhere任何地方

状语从句精练100题

1. I am to stay______ my mother______ well.

A. untill; gets

B. until, get

C. when; gets

D. before; will get.

2. Li Ming was about to do his homework______ the phone rang.

A. while

B. when

C. as

D. after

3. I have never been to Beijing______ I went to university.

A.when

B.before

C.as

D.since

4. It was not long______the writer finished his novel. A. when B. after C. before D. until

5. We shall go swimming______we have time.

A.whenever

B.wherever

C.howerver

D.whatever

6. -Where should I put my dictionary? -Put it______ you can easily get it.

A.so that

B.where

C.which

D.in order that

7. -I'd like a suitcase to use in college, father, -OK. I'll buy one for you______ I have done my work.

A.before

B.since

C.so that

D.the monent

8. I would like to do it______I like it. A.since B.because of C.because D.now that

9. ______it is raining,we had better take a taxi.

A.As

B.For

C.Because of

D.When

10. His speech made______deep impression on the audience that they could hardly forget it.

A.so a

B.such a

C.so

D.such

11. We must do the experiment______the teacher does. A.whatever B.as C.how D.when

12. The book is______it gives a wrong idea of the fact.

A.so writing that

B.such written that

C.such writing that

D.so written that

13. We started so early______we could get there before that sun set.

A.in order that

B.in order to

C.so as to

D.for

14. -Could you tell me______you will get my trousers ready? -Yes.In half a month.

A.how

B.when

C.how soon

D.how long

15. I know nothing about it______he told me. A.unless B.until C.except D.if

16. I won't join you______you invite me. A.if B.or C.until D.unless

17. Give me your telephone number______I need your help.

A.in case

B.whether

C.unless

D.so that

18. -Did you answer Smith's call? -I don\'t have to______I'll see him tomorrow.

A.though

B.because

C.otherwise

D.unless

19. The number of the people present,______we had expected,was very large.

A.that

B.which

C.who

D.as

20. ______I like it very much,I won't buy it. A.Although B.As though C.As D.If

21. ______he came to see me,he would phone me first.

A.When

B.Whenver

C.As

D.While

22. I'm working in the burning sun,______he is sleeping in the shade.

A.when

B.because

C.as

D.while

23. The work was completed earlier______.

A. than we expected

B. as we expected

C. than we had expected

D. like we expected

24. ______had he hurried into the cave______ it began to pour down.

A. No sooner; when

B. Hardly; when

C. Hardly; than

D. As soon as; when

25. ______,so the sports meet has to be put off.

A.Because of the bad weather

B.Because it was been raining for days

C.Since the weather has been bad

D.It has been raining for days

26. I had to borrow some money______I could buy a new car.

A.so that

B.in order to

C.because

D.since

27. I will keep studying______I live. A.when B.so long as C.as soon as D.on conditon

28. ______it was late,she went on working. A.Because B.Since C.Though D.Whether

29. You will be late for the meeting______you take a taxi. A.until B.and C.or D.unless

30. I thought her nice and honest______I met her.

A.the first time

B.for the first time

C.every time when

D.by the time

31. ______the day went on,the weather got worse. A.With B.Since C.As D.While

32. He was doing his homework______he saw the teacher passing by his window.

A.while

B.when

C.as

D.which

33. Is it three years ago______he was put into prison? A.that B.since C.when D.before

34. Though he failed in the exam,______he didn\'t give up.A.but B.and yet C.yet D.still

35. Tom was______that he couldn\'t understand______difficult sentence.

A.so a stupid boy;such a

B.a so stupid boy;a such

C.so stupid a boy;a such

D.so stupid a boy;such a

36. ______you\'ve understood all these rules,you'll have no further difficulty.

A.Unless

B.Once

C.Although

D.Until

37. ______,he speaks Japanese quite well.

A. Child as he is

B. Though is he child

C. As a child he is

D.A child as he is

38. ______we got on the bus, it started to move.

A.Short after

B. Before long

C. Soon after

D. After a while

39. The cost of one day in the hospital can run as_____ as 500 dollars.

A.lower

B.much

C. expensive

D. high

40. ______,he works just as hard as everyone else.

A. Because he is weak

B. Weak as he is . Though weak he is D. As he is weak

41. He thinks more of others______.

A.than of himself

B.than of him

C.than himself

D.than he

42. ______the rain has stopped,let's start again.

A.For

B.Because

C.Now that

D.That

43. Mr.Smith is a warm-hearted person.He helps me______I ask him to.

A.whatever

B.whenever

C.only

D.however

44. It is five years______I joined the army. A.when B.that C.whose D.since

45. ______what may happen,I will stand by your side.

A.No matter

B.Perhaps

C.Although

D.Even if

46. Time passed quickly and three weeks went by______we knew it.

A.after

B.when

C.before

D.till

47. ______there is a will,there is a way. A.When B.Where C.That D.While

48. John's mother allowed him to go swimming______that he didn\'t go too far from the bank.

A.if

B.unless

C.when

D.on condition

49. You'll be punished______you obey the order. A.unless B.if C.when D.though

50. ______we help people,______we'll be.

A.more;happy

B.The more;the happy

C.The more;the happier

D.More;the happier

51. You may do______you please. A.when B.as C.if D.that

52. It is so hot______I don't go out today. A.that B.when C.as D.which

53. It is raining heavily______they still want to go out. A.though B.because C.but D.so

54. ______we study hard,we'll succeed sooner or later.

A.Though

B.When

C.Once

D.As long as

55. I'll go on with the work____ I come back tomorrow.A.as B.when C.whenever D.unless

56. We shall go___working conditions are difficult.A.where B.there C.when D.to the place

57. I know the reason______he came so early. A.that B.when C.why D.for

58. They started early______they might arrive in time. A.so B.in order to C.for D.that

59. Take more rest______you want to get well soon. A.unless B.if C.though D.even if

60. Leave a basin of water outside in freezing weather,______it will soon be covered with ice.

A.and

B.or

C.but

D.as

61. We had to be patient.It would be some time______we got the full result.

A.since

B.that

C.before

D.after

62. It was May 4th______my parents left for Shanghai. A.when B.since C.until D.after

63. It was______she was about to speak that the door opened.

A.that

B.when

C.what

D.because

64. ______jouralism seems like a good profession,I would prefer to be a teacher.

A.No matter

B.Now that

C.Even

D.Although

65. His eyes were closed,so I said nothing,but put the chair______he would see me______he woke.

A.when;when

B.where;where

C.when;where

D.where;when

66. ______physics,he likes maths better.

A.As he much likes

B.Much likes as he

C.Much as he likes

D.Likes much as he

67. We'll carry the fight to the end______happens.

A.whatever

B.no matter which

C.no matter how

D.anything

68. ______she hasn't got anything against you.

A.As long as I know

B.So long as I know

C.I know so far

D.As far as I know

69. Fire safety in family houses,______most fire deaths occur,is difficult to achieve.

A.why

B.where

C.how

D.when

70. _____the pain was bad,______he did not complain.

A.Although;but

B.Though;but

C.Though;yet

D.Even;still

71. I am going______you went last week.

A.where

B.whererver

C.when

D.the place

72. ______you get into the habit of smoking,you won\'t be able to give it up easily.

A.While

B.Once

C.Because

D.Since

73. Try to guess the meaning of a new word while reading______your reading skill can be improved. A.when B.before C.until D.so that

74. Hurry up,______we won't catch the last bus. A.unless B.but C.otherwise D.then

75. -How are you,Harry? -Fine,______a bit tired. A.but B.or C.and D.so

76. ______he spoke,we recognized his voice.

A.At the moment

B.The moment

C.For the moment

D.The moment while

77. ______invited I won’t go to her birthday party. A.Even B.When C.If D.Even if

78. Don't speak______.

A.when speak

B.after spoke

C.until spoken to

D.while speaking

79. These two weeks they have planted______they did during the same period of last month.

A.as much twice trees as

B.twice as many trees as

C.twice as much trees as

D.as many twice trees as

80. They were______busy studying______they couldn\'t go to the restaurant with us.

A.so;that

B.such;as

C.very;that

D.enough;as

81. It was not ____ he took off his dark glass ____ I realized who he was.

A. when; that

B. until; when

C. when; then

D. until; that

82. ____ he is very good at numbers.

A. As he is a small boy

B. A small boy he is

C. A small boy as he is

D. Small boy as he is

83. ____ Newton started to do experiments, he forgot about the time.

A. When

B. Once

C. If

D. As

84. ____ hard I tried, I still couldn’t manage it.

A. No matter

B. However

C. Although

D. Though

85. We young people should go ____ the Party wands us to.

A. no matter where

B. to the place

C. to any place

D. wherever

86. Make a mark ____ you have any questions.

A. which

B. in which

C. what

D. where

87. ____ time went on, the weather got colder and colder.A. With B. Since C. While D. As

88. Sorry I haven’t been able to do ____ I should.

A. as many as

B. as much as

C. as far as

D. move than

89. You’ve done much better ____ expected.

A. as

B. than

C. more than

D. such as

90. Everything returned to normal ____ nothing had happened.

A. as if

B. because

C. when

D. for

91. Take an umbrella with you ____ it should rain.

A. in no case

B. in the case

C. in case of

D. in case

92. So ____ that no one could catch up with him.

A. did he run quickly

B. he ran quickly

C. quickly did he run

D. quickly he ran

93. ____ so we had to walk home.

A. There being no buses

B. Being no buses

C. As there were

D. There were no buses

94. Hardly ____ come into the room ____ the meeting began.

A. had they; when

B. they had; when

C. did they; than

D. they did; then

95. I wrote down his name and address ____ I should forget it.

A. in order that

B. for fear that

C. so that

D. since

96. Although she did not know Boston well, she made her way ____ to the Home Circle Building.

A. easy enough

B. enough easy

C. easily enough

D. enough easily C。

97. A typhoon swept across this area with heavy rains and winds ____ strong as 113 miles per hour.

A. too

B. very

C. so

D. as 选D。

98. It was raining heavily. Little Mary felt cold so she stood ____ to hr mother.

A. close

B. closely

C. closed

D. closing 选A。

99.If it ___ sunny tomorrow, I ____ boating. A. is go B. will be, go C. is, will go D. will be, will go 100.----what will you do if it ______ tomorrow, ----I'll stay at home and watch TV.

A. rain

B. rains

C. will rain

D. is raining

参考答案1-10 ABDCA BDCAB 11-20 BDACB CABDA 21-30 BDCBD ABCDA 31-40 CBACD BACDB 41-50 ACBDA CBDAC 51-60 BACDB ABDBA51-70 CABDD CADBC 71-75 ABDCA 76-80BDCBA

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时间状语从句：when , whenever , as , while, before , after, until, till, since, ever since, once, as soon as, every time, the moment, instantly, directly 地点状语从句：where , wherever 原因状语从句：as, because, since, seeing(that) , considering (that) , now that , n ot that…but that 目的状语从句：that , so that , in order that , lest , for fear that , in case 结果状语从句：that , so … that , such … that 条件状语从句：if , unless , suppose , supposing ,so/as long as, so far as, on condition(that ) ,provided ( that ) 让步状语从句：though , although , no matter , even if , even though , however , whatever 比较状语从句：than , as 方式状语从句as, as if, as though 一、时间状语从句 1、when, while, as 和whenever when 表时间点，时间段 while 表时间段；有“而”的意思 as “当……”,“一边……一边”，“随着……” whenever 每当，无论什么时候 It is cold when it snows. While there is life, there is hope. While we were speaking, he was reading newspaper. Just as Mrs Richards was entering the dinning-room, there was a knock on the front door. As we age, we trade strength for ingenuity, speed for thoroughness, and passion for reason. 随着年龄的增长，我们用力量换来了机敏，以速度换来了严谨，以热情换来了理智。 注：1)when还可作并列连词，其意义为“那时，这时”，相当于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式： sb.was doing sth.when...某人正在干某事就在这时…… sb.was about to/ going to do sth.when...某人正打算干某事就在这时…… sb.body has just done sth.when...某人刚干了某事就在这时…… 2)如果主句表示的是短暂动作，而从句用延续性动词的进行时态表示在一段时间内正在进行的动作时，when，while 与as可互换使用。如： When/While/As I was walking down the street，I came across an old friend of mine. 2、before/ after It will be five years before we meet again.五年之后我们才能见面。 After you think it over, please let me know what you decide. After her husband had gone to work, she sent her children to school.

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高考英语状语从句专项讲解 一、考点分析 状语从句主要考点在语法填空、翻译和作文。 二、专题详解 状语从句梳理 知识点1：分类 语从句可以分为以下九种： 1、时间状语从句 2、地点状语从句 3、原因状语从句 4、目的状语从句 5、结果状语从句 6、条件状语从句 7、方式状语从句 8、让步状语从句 9、比较状语从句 知识点2：具体用法 1) 时间状语从句：

as soon as Hardly/scarcely had…when No sooner had …than…. the moment.. the instant…the second…immediately directly…instantly…①As soon as I arrive in Shanghai, I’ll write to you.我一到上海就给你写信。 ② Hardly (scarcely) had I got home when it began to rain. 我刚一到家就下雨了。 ③No sooner had we got to the station than the train left. 我们刚到车站，火车就走了。 ④We had just begun the moment we were told to stop. 我们刚开始就被叫停。 ⑤I felt cheerful immediately I heard the song. 我一听到这首歌就感到很愉快。 ①hardly…when和no sooner…than的意义相当 于as soon as，但只表示过 去发生的事情，主句为过去 完成时，从句为过去时，如 hardly或no sooner位于句 首时语气强，而且主句的谓 语要用部分倒装。 ②名词短语连词： “一……就……” 主句+ the moment…从句 主句+the instant…从句 主句+the second…从句 ③ 副词短语连词： 主句+ immediately +从句 主句+ directly +从句 主句+ instantly+从句 every time =each time last time…next time…the first time ①Every time I traveled by boat, I got seasick. 我每次乘船都晕船。 ②Last time we saw you, you were too thin. 上次我们见到你的时候，你太瘦了。 every time=each time “每次……；每当……” last time…“上次……” next time…“下次……” the first time“第一次……”

高三复习状语从句讲解

状语从句复习 定义：在复合句中作状语的句子叫状语从句。用来修饰主句或主句中的动词，形容词和副词等. 分类: 根据其表达的意思和句中的作用不同,可分为: 时间, 地点, 原因, 目的, 结果,让步,比较, 方式, 条件九种状语从句. 一、.时间状语从句 1.引导词: 1）当…时候when, while, as 2) 一旦once 3) 一…就… as soon as hardly…when…/scarcely… before(when)…/no sooner… than the moment, the instant, the minute, the second, directly, immediately, instantly 4)before, after 5)until (till) 6)since 自从 2.时间状语从句常用一般现在时表将来, 一般过去时表过去将来, 现在完成时表将来完成时. I’ll tell you as soon as he arrives. Once you began, you couldn’t stop. 3.till 和until 1)一般可互换2)置于句首时,只用until 注意: 1）当主句谓语动词是延续性的,要用肯定形式until...... / 当主句谓语动词是短暂性的,要用否定形式not...until... Wait until he comes Don’t leave until he comes. 2) Not until 从句位于句首时,主句要进行部分倒装,这时until不能换成till e.g. Not until she finished her exercises, did she go home. Not until all the fish died in the river, did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was. 3) not until用于强调句 e.g. It was not until she finished her exercises that she went home. It was not until all the fish died in the river that the villagers realized how serious the pollution was. 4.when 和while when从句中既可是延续性动词(段时间),也可以是短暂性动词(点时间) while从句中只能是延续性动词(段时间) e.g. While I was reading she came in (=when) When the clock struck twelve, all the lights went out. 5.since 引导的状语从句(从句常用一般过去时.主句常用现在完成时) 常见句型: It is (has been)+ 时间段+ since sb did sth 自从…以来,有多长时间. 如果从句中是短暂性动词,可直接翻译 如果从句中是延续性动词,则表示动作或状态的结束 e.g. Great changes have taken place since you left. It is years since he was in Beijing. 他离开北京好几年了。 It is three years since my father smoked. 我父亲戒烟3年了。 It is three years since my father began to smoke. 我父亲吸烟3年了。 6.在no sooner… than , hardly… when 和scarcely…before/when结构中, 主句常用过去完成时,从句常用一般过去时,如果否定词置于句首,主句要用部分倒装. e.g. 1) He had no sooner got to the cinema than the film began.他一到影院,电影就开始了。= No sooner had he got to the cinema than the film began. 2)She had hardly reached Beijing when she went to France =Hardly had she reached Beijing when she went to France.他一到北京接着就去了法国。