(英语) 高中英语阅读理解试题(有答案和解析)及解析

（英语）高中英语阅读理解试题(有答案和解析)及解析

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

Emoji might not be your first choice of communication in a disaster, but researchers feel they could make a difference during emergencies, where every second counts. Now, the Emoji-quake campaign is lobbying for an earthquake emoji to be added to the Unicode set — the standard group of icons available on digital devices worldwide. The campaign aims to find an earthquake-appropriate design to be submitted to Unicode.

"Approximately up to one third of the world's population are exposed to earthquakes," explains University of Southampton seismologist (地震学家) Dr. Stephen Hicks, a founder of the campaign. "So we really want to be able to communicate to all of those regions, all of those different languages, and an emoji is an amazing way of doing that."

Unlike many other weather and climate related events, where longer warning times or visible signs are available, earthquakes move incredibly quickly and are difficult to measure while they are still occurring. Populations in areas like Japan and Mexico are dependent on earthquake early warning technology, which issues an alert on digital devices and broadcast media. "You may have seconds to get under a table or to protect yourself," explains Dr. Hicks. "That can be life saving in many cases. Naturally you don't want too much wording in the warning message." Pictographs (象形文字) and other visuals like emoji have a track record of being faster and easier to understand than written information. Dr. Sara McBride, a communications specialist, who is also part of the campaign, told BBC News, "Emoji can cross the boundaries of written languages, helping communicate valuable information to people who may struggle to read a certain language."

The potential usefulness of emoji in emergencies could extend well beyond earthquakes. A team of designers also came up with emerji—an entire set of emoji dedicated to climate and environmental events.

（1）According to the passage, why did the campaign choose earthquakes as their target?

A. Because earthquakes threaten many people in different regions.

B. Because earthquakes are the easiest to be expressed by an emoji.

C. Because earthquakes are not difficult to measure while occurring.

D. Because earthquakes are the most destructive disasters in the world.

（2）Which of the following can replace the underlined phrase "lobby for" in the first paragraph？

A. Hope for.

B. Enter for.

C. Appeal for.

D. Run for.

（3）What can we infer from Dr. Sara McBride's words about emoji?

A. Emoji benefits people with reading disability a lot.

B. Emoji is being used to convey valuable information.

C. Emoji can cross the boundaries of written languages.

D. Emoji is a universal language and helpful tool in communication.

（4）The best title of the passage should be ___________________.

A. Could an emoji save our life?

B. What can emoji do in our life?

C. How is emoji changing our life?

D. Do we really know about emoji?

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）D

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了一场以添加地震表情符号为目标的运动。该运动的创始人对此做出解释，试图说明地震表情是一种通用的语言交流工具，有助于挽救生命。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Emoji might not be your first choice of communication in a disaster, but researchers feel they could make a difference during emergencies”以及第三段中的“earthquakes move incredibly quickly and are di fficult to measure while they are still occurring”可推断出这是因为这地震来的快，让人无法反应，在许多地方威胁至许多多人的生命，故选A。

（2）考查词义猜测。这次运动想以地震为目标。第二段和第三段中的地震博士Dr. Hicks对此作出解释，目的就是呼吁大家赞同这个观点。可知选C。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“we really want to be able to communicate to all of those regions, all of those different languages, and an emoji is an amazing way of doing that.”及第三段“That can be life saving in many cases. Naturally you don't want too much wording in the warning message.”可推断出表情符号是一种通用语言，当灾难来临时不需要多说，表情就可以交流，以此在很多情形下可以挽救生命。分析选项可知D项符合题意，因此选D。（4）考查主旨大意。第一段说表情符号可能不是你在灾难中沟通的第一选择，但研究人员认为还是会有作用的。接着下面讲述了一场以添加地震表情为目标的运动。下面的地震博士Dr. Hicks为此作了很多的解释，想让人们相信表情能挽救生命。Could an emoji save our life?“一个表情能拯救我们的生命吗？”）符合题意，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

Osaka, Japan—Defending champions China lifted the FIVB Women's Volleyball World Cup trophy(奖杯)with perfect 11 straight wins after easing past Argentina 3-0 here on Sunday. With their eleventh win at the 2019 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Cup, China won the FIVB Women's Volleyball World Cup.

This year, the World Cup has been played across different cities, and Team China had training sessions even on traveling days when some participating teams chose to rest up after a tiring flight." Coach Lang focuses on details of the technique in the training sessions, and I feel our team has become more balanced." Captain Zhu Ting said. This firm approach explains how China managed to turn the table against the United States at the World Cup. Never quit, especially in adversity. That's what the spirit of Chinese women's volleyball means.

When the team struggled, Zhu was always there, doing whatever was needed to carry the team forward. That's why she has become a national volleyball icon, just like "Iron Hammer" Lang. As for Lang, she took over the flag from her former coach Yuan Weimin, who was behind China's rise in the beginning. From coach Yuan to coach Lang, and spiker(主攻手) Lang to spiker Zhu, the flag bearers may have changed over time, but the craving for championships and the steely desire and determination remain the same.

Volleyball is a team sport and behind the on-court team there is always a supportive coaching team and staff. Lai was one of the members, shouldering responsibilities as both vice director of China's Volleyball Management Center and as assistant coach. Apart from coordinating between coaches and players, Chinese coaches and foreign coaches and sometimes within Chinese coaches, she also has to do chores. During Rio 2016, assistant coach Yuan Lingxi headed for the arena（竞技场）at 6am every day to film the matches and would return to the Olympic Village at 2am when he would start analyzing China's opponents and file reports. There are many Lais and Yuans that are not known by the public, but who remain indispensable for the team to overcome difficulties and reach their peak.

（1）What does the spirit of Chinese women's volleyball mean according to paragraph 2?

A.Being a special team.

B.Sticking to the end.

C.Winning every game.

D.Training hard every day.

（2）Why does Zhu Ting become a national volleyball icon?

A.She wins many awards in the World Cup.

B.She keeps strong desire and determination.

C.She takes lots of training after the tiring flight.

D.She does almost everything to help the team forward.

（3）What does the author intend to convey in the last paragraph?

A.Hard work is vital in volleyball matches.

B.The coach has a great influence on players.

C.The staff behind the on-court team is also essential.

D.Understanding opponents is necessary to win the game.

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，卫冕冠军中国队以3:0战胜阿根廷队,以11连胜夺得了国际排联女子排球世界杯奖杯。永不放弃是中国女排精神所在。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第而段中的“Never quit, especially in adversity. That's what the spirit of Chinese women's volleyball means”可知，中国女排精神的含义是：永不放弃，尤其是在逆境中。故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“When the team struggled, Zhu was always there, doing whatever was needed to carry the team forward. That's why she has become a national volleyball icon”可知，队长朱婷成为排球偶像是因为当球队拼搏时，朱婷总是跟他们站在一起，并且

做一切事情来带领球队前进。故选D。

（3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Volleyball is a team sport and behind the on-court team, there is al ways a supportive coaching team and staff”和最后一段中的“There are many Lais and Yuans that are not known by the public, but who remain indispensable for the team to overcome difficulties and reach their peak.”可知，作者认为排球是一项团队运动。在场上球队的背后，还有支持他们的教练团队和员工。作者举出两名助理教练赖亚文、袁灵犀的例子，说明有很多像他们这样的人，是球队克服困难和达到顶峰所不可缺少的。故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

A new study has shown how computers and robots powered by artificial intelligence can read human eye movements to "read" human personalities.

The eyes, they say, are the windows to the soul. And if that is true, computers and robots powered by sophisticated(复杂的)artificial intelligence algorithms(算法)may soon have the ability to peer into your soul. That is the result of a new study on the connection between eye movements and personality, conducted by neuroscience researchers based at the University of South Australia and Published in the scientific Journal Frontiers in Neuroscience.

"Eye movements during an everyday task predict aspects of our personality," wrote the researchers, led by University of South Australia neuroscientist Tobias Loetscher, whose team follows 42 study subjects around the university campus recording their eye movements, then determines their personality traits(特点)with "well-established questionnaires" for determining personality type, according to a summary of the study published by the site Science Daily.

The researchers fed the data into their Al algorithms and found that computers running the algorithms were able to record human eye movements and immediately determine a person's major personality traits, such as "neuroticism, extraversion(外向)，agreeableness, conscientiousness, as well as perceptual(感知的)curiosity", the scientists wrote.

"The new findings could improve the way human beings interact with their computers and other high-tech devices, even robots, allowing for more natural and realistic social interactions with machines," Loetscher said.

"People are always looking for improved, personalized services. Today's robots and computers are not socially aware so they cannot adapt to non-verbal information," Loetscher said in a statement quoted by Indian Express. This research provides opportunities to develop robots and computers so that they can become more natural, and better at interpreting human social signals."

The study revealed previously undiscovered relations between specific personality characteristics and specific eye movement tendencies, according to a summary in Britain's Daily Mail newspaper.

（1）What do the underlined words "peer into" in Paragraph 2 probably mean?

A.understand

B.stare at

C.search for

D.concern about

（2）How did the researchers conduct the research?

A.It was carried out in a lab.

B.42 subjects' eye movements were recorded.

C.The students' daily movements were tracked.

D.Its subjects' personalities were determined by computer.

（3）According to Tobias Loetscher, what can we know?

A.Robots and computers are socially conscious.

B.People care less about improved, personalized services.

C.Today's robots and computers can accustom to non-verbal information.

D.The discovery will improve the interaction between human beings and machines.

（4）What can be a suitable title for the text?

A.Human Personality Traits

B.What Human Eye Movements Are

C.Tell Personalities by Eye Movements.

D.How Humans and Machines Interact

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）D

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，一项新的研究表明，由人工智能驱动的计算机和机器人可以通过阅读人类的眼球运动来“解读”人类的性格。

（1）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“The eyes, they say, are the windows to the soul.”人们说眼睛是心灵的窗户。可知，划线词组所在句的句意为“如果这是真的，由复杂的人工智能算法驱动的计算机和机器人可能很快就能探究你的灵魂。”故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“whose team follows 42 study subjects around the university campus recording their eye movements, then determines their personality traits（特点）with "well-established questionnaires" for determining personality type,”该研究小组在大学校园内对42名研究对象进行了观察，记录他们的眼球运动，然后用“成熟的问题”来确定他们的性格特征）可知，研究人员通过记录42名研究对象的眼球运动来进行这项研究的。故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第六段中的“The new findings could improve the way human beings interact with their computers and other high-tech devices, even robots, allowing for more natural and realistic social interactions with machines”这项新发现可能会改善人类与电脑和其他高科技设备，甚至是机器人的互动方式，从而使人类与机器进行更自然、更现实的社会互动成为可能）可知，这一发现将改善人类和机器之间的互动。故选D。

（4）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了一项新的研究发现——由人工智能驱动的计算机和机器人可以通过阅读人类的眼球运动来“解读”人类的性格。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅

读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

4．阅读理解

The human brain remembers negative experiences more easily than positive ones. Our brains have developed this way because threats, like dangerous animals, had a more immediate effect on our ancestors' survival compared to positive things like food or shelter. As a result, you likely know what makes you unhappy, but do you know what makes you happy?

Research suggests that our level of happiness depends partly on factors we cannot control—our genes and our life circumstances. But our level of happiness is also shaped by the choices we make. If you've been chasing wealth, fame, good looks, material things and power, you may be looking for happiness in all the wrong places. Psychologists suggest that the following habits make people happier.

People who form close relationships tend to be happier than those who do not. The number of friends we have is not important. What matters is the quality of our relationships. Relationships that bring happiness usually involve the sharing of feelings, mutual respect, acceptance, trust and fun.

People who exercise regularly improve both their physical and mental well being. Some research has shown that exercise can be as effective as medication in treating depression.

When we are so interested in an activity we enjoy that we lose track of time, we are in a state of flow. The activity could be making art, playing piano, surfing, or playing a game. People who experience flow in their work or hobbies tend to be happier.

People are more likely to be happy if they know what their strengths are and use them regularly, People who set goals and use their strengths to achieve them tend to be happier. People are especially happy when they can use their strengths to serve the greater good. People who think positively by being grateful, mindful and optimistic are more likely to be happy. Being grateful means being thankful, Bejing mindful means being open to, focusing on and enjoying the experiences of the present moment. Being optimistic means being hopeful about the future.

（1）Why does the human brain remember negative things more easily?

A. Negative things are easy to remember.

B. Dangerous wild animals are a threat to us.

C. Our ancestors had no enough food for living.

D. Negative things tend to affect human survival immediately.

（2）How does the author like looking for happiness in material things?

A. Uncertain.

B. Opposed.

C. Supportive.

D. Optimistic.

（3）What does the author suggest us in the last paragraph?

A. Enjoying our life and work.

B. Leading a happy life each day.

C. Being positive in our life and work.

D. Thinking more about the future.

（4）What does this text mainly tell us?

A. The factors that make people happy.

B. How to remember positive things easily.

C. The habits which people form in their life.

D. Why people remember negative things

easily.

【答案】（1）D

（2）B

（3）C

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，真正能使我们快乐的并不是物质的东西，作者在文中介绍了几种会让人更快乐的习惯。

（1考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Our brains have developed this way because threats, like dangerous animals, had a more immediate effect on our ancestors' survival compared to positive things like food or shelter.”可知负面的东西相对于积极的东西对我们祖先的生存有更直接的影响，所以更容易被记住。故选D。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“If you've been chasing wealth, fame, good looks, material things and power, you may be looking for happiness in all the wrong places. ”一直追求财富、名誉、美貌、物质和权力，你可能会在所有错误的地方寻找幸福。由此可见作者对寻找物质上的幸福持反对态度，故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“People who think positively by being grateful, mindful and optimistic are more likely to be happy.”积极乐观的人感恩，专注，乐观，更容易快乐。以及下文几者之间的内在关系可知作者建议我们在生活和工作中要积极乐观，故选C。

（4）考查主旨大意。作者在文中介绍了几种会让人更快乐的习惯，如建立亲密关系，锻炼，了解自己的优点，感恩，专注，乐观积极的生活态度等。即使人快乐的因素，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解

Two heads are better than one. It means that two people working together have a better chance of solving a problem than one person alone. But not everyone likes working in a group.

There can be a number of reasons why people dislike group work. Some may feel nervous or uneasy in group situations. Others might have had a bad experience with individuals who did not work well as a team. Another comment is that teachers or instructors fail to provide roles for group members. This may create a situation where everyone or no one wants to lead. Whatever the issue, the result is the same: the group does not realize its goal.

Cooperative (合作的) learning is an educational method that can help to solve this problem. There are many methods of cooperative learning. Today we will talk about one: giving each person in a small group a specific duty to reach a shared goal. For example, if learners are divided into groups of four people each, their roles might be: leader, writer, checker and speaker. This structure helps ensure that everyone takes part equally in group work and allows each member to play a meaningful part in completing the shared goal.

Before dividing learners into groups, it is a good idea for the teacher or club's instructor to first have knowledge about the language skill levels of participants. The goal is to make each group a mixture of higher- and lower-level language learners. Putting too many people with similar skill levels together could make the work too difficult or easy. Role cards can be a helpful tool in this method of cooperative learning. Their purpose is to remind learners of each person's role.

Before the cooperative activity, the role of the teacher or activity instructor is to explain two things to the group: the main job for the activity and how the cooperative roles work. The person in charge may appoint these roles or let the English learners choose them. Then, during the activity, the instructor's job is to watch the groups and provide more guidance when needed. After the activity, the instructor may wish to provide feedback to groups on their work and their use of cooperation.

With this cooperative learning method, you can say that four heads are better than just one.（1）What's the outcome if people do not enjoy group work?

A. The aim of the group can not be achieved.

B. Specific roles will be given to group members.

C. Group members will feel at ease in groups.

D. Group members will fail to work individually.

（2）Why does the teacher need to know about those who take part in the activity?

A. To find out language learners with similar levels.

B. To clarify higher- and lower-level language learners.

C. To combine learners with different language levels.

D. To increase the difficulty in finishing the work.

（3）Which of the following is TRUE about the role of instructors?

A. To offer group members timely help at each step.

B. To listen to the response from group members.

C. To help the English learners choose their favourite roles.

D. To make clear about the task and working principles of the roles.

（4）Which of the following is the best title of the passage?

A. Two Heads Are Better than One.

B. Cooperation Is a Must in Learning.

C. Group Work Makes a Great Difference to Learners' Achievement.

D. Cooperative Learning Contributes to the Success of Group Work.

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）D

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了合作学习有助于团队工作的成功。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Whatever the issue, the result is the same: the group does not realize its goal.”可知，如果人们不喜欢团队工作，该组织的目的不能实现。故选A。

（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Before dividing learners into groups, it is a good idea for the teacher or club's instructor to first have knowledge about the language skill levels of

participants. The goal is to make each group a mixture of higher- and lower-level language learners.”可知，老师需要了解关于参加活动的那些人是为了把学习者与不同的语言水平结合在一起。故选C。

（3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“Before the cooperativ e activity, the role of the teacher or activity instructor is to explain two things to the group: the main job for the activity and how the cooperative roles work.”可知，指导员的作用是明确角色的任务和工作原理。故选D。

（4）考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的“With this cooperative learning method, you ca n say that four heads are better than just one.”可知，合作学习有助于团队工作的成功。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解

China will green light Internet medical services conducted by medical institutions as part of a broader push to promote Internet Plus Healthcare, those at a State Council executive meeting chaired by Premier Li Keqiang decided.

Medical institutions will be allowed to provide online diagnostic services for some common and chronic diseases in patients' follow-up visits to their doctors. The top levels of hospitals will be encouraged to provide online services, including consultations (会诊), reservations and test result inquiries.

As China joins the ranks of middle-income countries, the demand for health services has increased accordingly. Internet Plus Healthcare can help reduce the problem of inaccessible and expensive public health services that have long been a big concern for the general public.

One decision coming out of the meeting says the intelligent review for health insurance will be applied and the one-stop settlement will be advanced. The real-time sharing of prescription and drug retail sales will be explored, as well.

“We must waste no time in pushing forward the measures once the decisions made.” Li said. “In recent years, top-level hospitals in major cities have seen steady increases in the number of patents. Medical bills have become a heavy burden on families and high-end medical resources sill fall short of meeting the growing demand of the p ublic.”

To solve the problem, a two-pronged (双管齐下的) approach must be taken. One is to establish medical partnerships to strengthen cooperation between major hospitals and community clinics. The other is to bring forward Internet Plus Healthcare to promote the sharing of quality medical resources.

The government will see to it that long-distance healthcare services cover all county-level hospitals. So more efforts will be made to ensure that high-speed broadband network will be extended to cover medical institutions in urban and rural areas. Dedicated internet access services will be set up to meet the needs for long-distance healthcare services.

（1）According to the text, which of the following services wont a patient enjoy online? A. Receiving a medical operation. B. Asking doctors for advice after the test.

C. Several doctors discussion about the disease.

D. Making an appointment with a doctor in

advance.

（2）Why is the demand for health services increasing in China?

A. The expense of medical care.

B. The recognition of health insurance.

C. The improvement of people's life quality.

D. The inconvenience of hospital equipment.

（3）What does Li mean by saying “We must waste no time in pushing forward the measures”?

A. The bills are impossible to afford.

B. The situations are urgent to improve.

C. The measures are perfectly worked out,

D. The hospitals are unwilling to admit patients.

（4）What can be the suitable title for the text?

A. Modern Hospitals.

B. Online Healthcare on its Way,

C. No More Burden for General People.

D. Wide Applications of Internet Service.

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）B

（4）B

【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要是关于中国政府计划开展绿色互联网医疗

服务的详细内容报道。

（1）细节理解题。根据第二段“The top levels of hospitals will be encouraged to provide online services, including consultations (会诊), reservations and test result inquiries.”可知，高级医院

被鼓励可以在线提供的服务包括在线会诊，预约挂号和检查结果查询。并没有提到医疗手术。故答案选A。

（2）细节理解题。根据第三段“As China joins the ranks of middle-income countries, the demand for health services has increased accordingly.”可知，随着中国进入中等收入国家行列，对健康服务的需求也随之增加。也就是说中国人民的生活水平提高，是健康服务需求

增加的原因。故答案选C。

（3）推理判断题。由原文“Internet Plus Healthcare can help reduce the problem of inaccessible and expensive public health services that have long been a big concern for the general public.”，公共卫生服务一直是公众关注的焦点。又由“In recent years, top-level…the growing demand of the public.”，近年来医疗费用已成为家庭的沉重负担，高端医疗资源无

法满足公众日益增长的需求。可知，目前医疗资源不足等问题日益严重和紧迫，所以中国

政府必须抓紧时间采取措施解决问题。故答案选B。

（4）主旨大意题。由文章开头“China will green light Internet medical services conducted by medical institutions as part of a broader push to promote Internet Plus Healthcare”及全文内容

可知，文章主要讲了中国政府推行网上医疗服务的消息。故答案选B。

【点评】新闻报道类阅读理解的解题技巧

1）仔细阅读导语，掌握新闻主旨：导语(即文章的第一句话或第一自然段)往往是对整篇

文章的高度概括，正文部分则对导语展开叙述，因此读懂首句或首段至关重要。

2）运用查读的方法明确新闻的细节：根据题干的关键词，采用查读的方法搜寻所考查的细

节描述，然后与选项进行比较，最后确定答案。

3）把握文章基本框架，抓住长句和难句的主干：在阅读新闻报道类文章时，首先要了解其

基本框架结构，始终把重点放在文章最主要的内容上，不要被细枝末节、和主旨不相关的

难句所迷惑。其次，检测的关键句常常是长句或者含有习语、难词的句子。

7．阅读理解

On a college camping trip, curiosity about waves and sand caused Rob Thieler to study shorelines around the world. Thirty years later and now a U.S. Geological Survey research geologist, Thieler, is combining science and smartphone technology to help study an endangered bird, the Atlantic Coast piping plover.

The piping plover is a shorebird that breeds（繁殖）along the Atlantic Coast, the Great Lakesand the Great Plains. Rising sea levels associated with climate change, as well as increased development in their beach habitats（栖息地）, threaten the species（物种）. To help track changes in piping plover habitats, Thieler developed a free app called iPlover in 2012. This is a marked change from the typical way scientists collect data, which involves gathering information using specialized equipment or writing in notebooks and then putting into spreadsheets.

Since releasing iPlover, scientists have gathered data across 1500 km of breeding range. Thatequals about a third of the distance across the U.S., which is a large area to cover for only two thousand breeding pairs of piping plovers on the east coast. Instead of having to travel and spend days at each site, a number of cooperators in the field use the app to collect and send data, allowing scientists to gather data more efficiently. It also allows them to collect data at the same time during each breeding season, providing a better picture of changes that happen over longer periods of time. And fast, centralized access means scientists can look at data quickly to get a real-time idea of where and how piping plovers are using their habitats.

While iPlover is used by trained field staff, other apps like the U. S. Geological Survey'sweb-based “iCoast—Did the Coast Change?”invite citizen scientists to identify coastal changes by comparing bird's-eye-view photographs taken before and after storms. All the information scientists and citizen scientists alike collect helps federal and state agencies create policyplans for addressing climate change impacts (影响) worldwide.

（1）What can we know about the piping plover?

A. Its behaviour is changing.

B. Its habitat is growing bigger.

C. Its living environment is becoming worse.

D. Its breeding is limited to the Atlantic Coast.（2）Why did Thieler develop iPlover?

A. To study shorelines across America.

B. To advance information technology.

C. To find out global climate change.

D. To monitor changes of piping plover habitats.（3）Which of the following benefits the shorebirds?

A. The camping equipment.

B. Research on smartphones.

C. The changeable coast.

D. Progress in technology.

（4）What would be the best title of the text?

A. Protecting Endangered Shorebirds

B. Rob Thieler, a Creative Scientist

C. IPlover, Tool for Training Field Staff

D. Differences Between IPlover and ICoast

【答案】（1）C

（2）D

（3）D

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了随着技术的进步，保护濒危的岸禽鸟类的措施变得更加的有效。

（1）考查细节理解题。根据文章第二段Rising sea levels associated with climate change, as well as increased development in their beach habitats（栖息地）, threaten the species（物种）可知，笛鸻的生存环境变得越来越糟了。故答案选C。

（2）考查细节理解题。根据文章第二段To help track changes in piping plover habitats, Thieler developed a free app called iPlover in 2012.可知，发明app其目的是为了追踪笛鸻的栖息地的改变。故答案选D。

（3）考查推理判断题。根据文章第三段Instead of having to travel and spend days at each site, a number of cooperators in the field use the app to collect and send data, allowing scientists to gather data more efficiently.可以推断出，技术的进步，使得科学家获得更有效的数据。故答案选D。

（4）考查主旨大意题。根据文章大意：文章主要讲述了随着技术的进步，保护濒危的岸禽鸟类的措施变得更加的有效。故答案选A。

【点评】1. 要想做好科普英语阅读理解题，同学们就要注意平时多读科普知识类文章，学习科普知识，积累常见的科普词汇，从根本上提高科普英语的阅读能力。

2. 要熟悉科普类文章的结构特点。科普类文章一般由标题(Head line)，导语(Introduction)，背景(Back ground)，主体(Main body)和结尾(End)五部分构成。标题是文章中心思想高度而又精辟的概括，但根据历年的高考情况来看，这类阅读理解材料一般不给标题，而要同学们选择标题。导语一般位于整篇文章的首段。背景交待一个事实的起因。主体则对导语概括的事实进行详细叙述，这一部分命题往往最多，因此，阅读时，同学们要把这部分作为重点。结尾往往也是中心思想的概括，并与导语相呼应，命题者常在此要设计一道推理判断题。

3. 在进行推理判断时，同学们一定要以阅读材料所提供的科学事实为依据，同时所得出的结论还应符合基本的科普常识。

8．阅读理解

Given the recent interest in green buildings in the media, let's think differently. Instead of focusing on increasing the supply of energy, what if we focus on reducing demand?

Can we start with ending the open-door practice of street-front shops? While cool air from these shops is refreshing to pedestrians, it carries a cost. Energy is used in the air conditioning process.

So it must be possible to look for changes in regulations that would encourage more energy-saving designs. For instance, if we fix ceiling fans, air-conditioning homes could surely be avoided for part of the year. Ceiling fans use far less energy. They were in a year air conditioners could stay if ceiling fans were fixed.

In homes built under the small-house policy in New Territories, the ceiling may be too low for ceiling fans. If the 9-meter maximum building height regulation were relaxed, ceiling fans could be fixed to reduce energy use. Current thinking in sustainable building design and operation

involves integrated(协调统一的) design, that is, bring together all parties to create a building with better performance that achieves energy reduction.

For integrated design to succeed, all parties must come together and think beyond each person's circle of influence. Better solutions are impossible to avoid with integrated design. Buildings would no longer be engineered after the basic architecture was built. Positive project outcomes may include reduced air-conditioning load, reduced power use for electric lighting, and a reduction in the amount of materials used.

We need to ask if we are ready to look beyond our own small circles and seek an improved approach to building design. By that I mean an integrated design resulting in more sustainable buildings.

（1）What's the author's attitude towards the open-door practice of the street shops? A. Supportive. B. Disapproving. C. Optimistic. D. Uncaring.

（2）Why does the author suggest fixing ceiling fans?

A. To follow an old practice.

B. To help reduce energy use.

C. To completely replace air conditioners.

D. To help cut down on daily expenses.

（3）What's the key to making sustainable buildings a reality?

A. All parties should get started at the same time.

B. The basic architecture should be finished first.

C. Proper design and performance to achieve energy reduction.

D. Seeking the small-house policy and some successful architects.

（4）What would be the best title for the text?

A. Waste less, live better

B. Goodbye, air conditioning

C. How to reduce the energy cost

D. Green buildings call for integrated design

【答案】（1）B

（2）B

（3）C

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文属于议论文。作者认为街边商店开放空调的做法虽然给人以凉爽的空气，但却浪费了大量的能源。所以他鼓励节能的集成设计，即在住宅建成前统一设计，安装吊扇，减少空调的负荷及照明用电等能源。

（1）推理判断题。根据第二段Can we start with ending the open-door practice of street-front shops? While cool air from these shops is refreshing to pedestrians, it carries a cost. Energy is used in the air conditioning process.可知，作者认为虽然这些商店的凉爽空气给行人提神，但open-door practice却带来了成本，在空调降低温度过程中消耗了能量。可知是持不赞成的态度的。故答案选B项。

（2）细节理解题。根据第三段if we fix ceiling fans, air-conditioning homes could surely be avoided for part of the year. Ceiling fans use far less energy. 如果我们按装吊扇，空调住宅一年中大部分时间可不用空调。吊扇使用的能量要少得多。由此可知建议安吊扇是因为能减少能源的使用。故答案选B项。

（3）推理判断题。根据第5 段为了使集成设计成功，各方必须团结起。找出更好的解决方

案。这种恰当的正确的设计结果，可以减少空调负荷，减少电力照明用电，减少使用材料的数量。（Positive project outcomes may include reduced air-conditioning load, reduced power use for electric lighting, and a reduction in the amount of materials used. ）故答案C符合题意。故答案选C项。

（4）主旨大意题。作者认为商店开放空调导致能源的浪费，所以倡导在住宅区安装吊扇的节能环保的做法。这就需要要建筑房屋前统一的综合的集成设计，才能有一个可持续的节约的环保绿色的建筑。因此本文最好的标题是绿色建筑呼唤集成设计。故D项符合题意。【点评】主旨大意阅读理解题解题技巧：抓住文章段落大意，概括中心思想

寻找整篇文章的中心思想的方法是建立在寻找具体段落中心的基础上的。各段落中心句的整体归纳便是文章的中心思想。在这个过程中，考生们不能只依据只言片语、一枝一节，或光看文章的某一些段落，而应该观察全文的结构安排；理解文章浓墨重笔写的“重心”；考虑文章的组织材料及支撑性细节是服务于什么的；分析故事的发展结局都是围绕什么内容来表达中心的；最后用简明扼要的文字将文章的中心思想表达出来。

9．阅读理解

Everybody, at some point in their lives, has experienced failure. It could be something as simple as not getting the job you wanted, or getting fewer marks even after hard work. But what makes you is not your failure, but how you get back up after being hit.

Once, a young school boy was caught in a fire accident in his school and was assumed that he would not live. His mother was told that he was sure to die, for the terrible fire had destroyed the lower half of his body. Even if he were to survive, he would be lame throughout his life.

But the brave boy did not want to die nor did he want to be lame. Much to the amazement of the doctor, he did survive. But unfortunately from his waist down, he had no motor ability. His thin legs just hung there, lifeless. Eventually he left the hospital. But his determination to walk was unshakable. At home, when he was not in bed, he had to stay in a wheelchair. One day, he threw himself from the chair and pulled himself across the grass, dragging his legs behind him. He reached the fence, raised himself up and then began dragging himself along the fence, firmly determined. He did this every day, with faith in himself that he would be able to walk unaided. With his iron determination, he did develop the ability to stand up, then to walk on and off, then to walk by himself and then to run.

He began to walk to school, and then run to school, to run for the joy of running. Later in college he was on the track team.

In February 1934, in New York City's Madison Square Garden, this young man who was not expected to survive, who would surely never walk, who could never hope to run-this determined young man, Dr. Glenn Cunningham, ran the world's fastest mile.

A good example of the power of positive thinking and faith in one's self, Glenn Cunningham continues to be an inspiration for many, and his story, a brilliant evidence to how one can bounce back even when all difficulties are piled against one, to the degree that death seemed the preferable option.

（1）The first paragraph is intended to ________.

A. present an argument

B. make preparations for statement

C. arouse readers' interest

D. function as a brief introduction

（2）What was the doctor's opinion about Glenn?

A. Glenn was able to walk with his own great effort.

B. Great determination could make a difference to Glenn.

C. There was a slim chance that Glenn could survive.

D. Glenn could live a normal life with the upper halt" of his body.

（3）What do we know about Glenn?

A. Glenn took recovery exercise in hospital.

B. Glenn inspired people with his moving story.

C. Glenn won the first place in Marathon.

D. Glenn organized a track team in college.

（4）What can be a suitable title for the text?

A. Strengthen determination

B. Stand up after failure

C. Go after dreams

D. Face difficulty bravely

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）B

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。每个人在人生的某个阶段都经历过失败。文章通过Glenn幸存的故事，告诉我们“让你成功的不是你的失败，而是你如何在被打击后重新站起来。”

（1）推理判断题。根据第一段中Everybody, at some point in their lives, has experienced failure. 和 But what makes you is not your failure, but how you get back up after being hit.可知，第一段的作用是作一个简短的介绍。故选D。

（2）推理判断题。根据第三段中Much to the amazement of the doctor, he did survive.可知，医生认为Glenn生还的机会很小。故选C。

（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段中A good example of the power of positive thinking and faith in one's self, Glenn Cunningham continues to be an inspiration for many,可知，Glenn以他感人的故事激励人们。故选B。

（4）主旨大意题。根据第一段最后一句But what makes you is not your failure, but how you get back up after being hit.“让你成功的不是你的失败，而是你如何在被打击后重新站起来。”可知本文最佳主题是B项Stand up after failure。故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇议论类阅读，阅读时首先要弄清楚作者要证明什么观点，然后用什么样的论据进行怎样的分析，最后得出了什么的结论，理清了线索，理解文章就不是问题。看题时注意确定关键词，然后在文章中定位，找到与选项一致的内容，就可以轻松的确定答案。

10．阅读理解

There are at least 3, 000 miles of waterways in Britain. On these canals and rivers, there are over 30,000 'houseboats'—boats that people use as homes. Around 10, 000 of them are located in London.

The earliest populations of Britain's 'boat people' have been living on the water since the canals were built during the industrial revolution. Since then, houseboat living has usually attracted people who prefer to live an alternative lifestyle. Houseboat communities are typically made up of people who are looking for a slower way of life and who want to be in touch with nature.

Living on the water sounds romantic, but it is also hard work. There are daily things that need to be done, like bringing fuel and water on board and dealing with 'waste' water from kitchen sink, shower and toilet. In winter, living on a boat can be very cold and there is always a feeling of damp. Of course, most boats are quite small inside, so you don't have much space, especially if you are a couple, family or a group of friends.

Despite these difficulties, the number of people living on Britain's waterways has increased by around 50 per cent over the past ten years. More and more families and young professionals are moving onto houseboats, not only because they like the idea of life on water, but also because it is much cheaper to buy or rent a boat than a flat or a house.

There is a great sense of community on the waterways; many boat people say that their neighbours are always ready to help them, and houseboat neighbours often become friends for life. This is quite a different story from people who live in flats or houses and may hardly know the people next door at all.

（1）What does the underlined word "alternative" in paragraph 2 probably mean?

A.Creative.

B.Enjoyable.

C.Non — traditional.

D.Primitive.

（2）From the third paragraph, we know that it is to live on the boat.

A.inconvenient

B.easy

C.boring

D.unforgettable

（3）Which of the following information is not given in the text?

A.There are lots of rivers and canals in Britain.

B.Many people live on houseboats in Wales.

C.Houseboat living become popular in the industrial revolution.

D.People who live on houseboats are usually very friendly with their neighbours.

（4）Why do many people choose to live on the water?

A.living on the water is romantic

B.living on the water is easy and natural

C.living on the water can avoid unfriendly neighbours

D.living on the water costs less than living on the land

【答案】（1）C

（2）A

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在英国年轻人中流行的一种居住方式“船屋”。

（1）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“Houseboat communities are typically made up of people who are looking for a slower way of life and who want to be in touch with nature.”可知，游艇社区通常是由那些寻求慢节奏生活方式和想要接触大自然的人组成的；再根据第一段中的“there are over 30,000 'houseboats'—boats that people use as homes.” 这些人以船为家的。即他们以船为家，是因为喜欢慢节奏的生活，想要接触大自然。这与传统的居住方式不同。可知“Since then, houseboat living has usually attracted people who prefer to live an alternative lifestyle”这句是说从工业革命起，游艇生活通常吸引那些喜欢另类生活方式的人。即这种游艇生活吸引那些喜欢“非传统的”生活方式的人。选项C. Non — traditional（非传统的）符合题意，故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Living on the water sounds romantic, but it is also hard work. ”可知，在水上生活听起来很浪漫，但也很辛苦；以及“There are daily things that need to be done, .... In winter, living on a boat can be very cold and there is always a feeling of damp. Of course, most boats are q uite small inside, ....”比如带上燃料和水，要处理“废水”等。冬天住在船上很冷，总有一种潮湿感。当然，大多数的船里面都很小.......。由这些例子可知，生活在船上是极不方便的。故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据第一段“There are at least 3 ,000 miles of waterways in Britain. On these canals and rivers,... Around 10 ,000 of them are located in London.”可知英国有许多河流和运河，其中大约10000个位于伦敦。可知A项正确；第二段中的“The earliest populations of Britain's 'boat people' have been living on the water since the canals were built during the industrial revolution. Since then, houseboat living has usually attracted people who prefer to live an alternative lifestyle....”自工业革命时期修建运河以来，英国最早的“船民”一直生活在水上。从那时起，游艇生活通常吸引那些喜欢另类生活方式的人，即说游艇生活在工业革命中变得流行起来，可知C项正确；以及最后一段中的“many boat people say that their neighbours are always ready to help them, and houseboat neighbours often become friends for life.” 许多船民说，他们的邻居总是乐于帮助他们，而船上邻居常常成为终生的朋友，可知D项正确。综合可知B项文章中没有提及，故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“More and more families and young professionals are moving onto houseboats, not only because they like the idea of life on water but also because it is much cheaper to buy or rent a boat than a flat or a house.”越来越多的家庭和年轻的专业人士正搬到游艇上居住，这不仅是因为他们喜欢水上生活，还因为买船或租船比租公寓或房子便宜得多。可推断出生活在水上比生活在陆地上花费少。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

高中英语阅读理解题型及解题技巧分析(可编辑修改word版)

高中英语阅读理解题型及解题技巧 CHN 纵观近几年的高考英语试题，我们不难看出，阅读理解能力是高考考查 的重点，自始至终占主导地位，并且有逐年增加的趋势。做好阅读理解，是 获得高考英语高分的关键。 阅读理解能力测试的主要要求是： 1.阅读材料，理解材料的主旨大意，以及用以说明主旨大意的事实和细 节。 2.既理解具体的事实，也理解抽象的概念。 3.既理解文章的字面意思，也理解深层含义，包括作者的态度、意图等。 4.既理解某句、某段的含义，也理解全篇的逻辑关系，并据此进行推理 和判断。 5.既能根据所提供的信息去理解，也能结合中学生应具有的常识去理解 判断。 根据这五项要求，我们可将阅读理解多项选择题归纳为以下几种题型： 主题主旨大意，细节理解题，综合推理题，概括归纳题，观点归纳题，人物 评价题，词义句义理解题，指代关系题，内容排序题等。下面结合自己平时教学中的经验体会，谈一谈做英语阅读理解题的技巧与策略。 一．主旨大意题-- 阅读理解首先要做到的就是掌握所读材料的主旨和大意，它是全文的概 括与总结。能否抓住这个中心，取决于读者的总结能力。每篇短文都有其主 题思想，而作者表现主题思想的手法各不相同。这就需要我们挖掘相同点， 寻找解题的方法--。 常见题型 1.主题型：What’s the main idea of this passage ? What does this passage mainly discuss? What’s the topic of this passage ? 2.标题型：What’s the best title? The best title for this text is (to tell ) . 3.目的型：The main purpose of this text is . The author’s purpose of writing this text is to . What’s the main purpose of the passage? 解题指导 1.抓住主题句。它们一般位于文章的开头或结尾。同时，也可以贯穿各 段中心句进行总结。 2.抓住文章逻辑线索，理清发展脉络。作者往往会采取举例、

高中英语阅读理解专项练习二(含答案)

A “You can use me as a last resort（选择）, and if nobody else volunteers，then I will do it.” This was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids lacrosse（长曲棍球）club. I guess that there's probably some demanding work schedule, or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport. She may just need a little persuading. So I try again and tug at the heartstrings. I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren’t even on … At this point the unwilling parent speaks up,“Alright. Yes, I’ll do it.” I’m secretly relieved because I know there’s real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many. The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule, sends out emails, and collects money for end-of-season gifts. Somewhere along the way, the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team. The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season. Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal. Still, most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close. That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more: Connecting to the community（社区）as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services

(完整版)高中英语阅读理解的答题方法和技巧

高中英语阅读理解的答题方法和技巧 一、先看题干，带着问题读文章。 即先看试题，再读文章。阅读题干，首先要掌握问题的类型，分清是客观信息题还是主观判断题。客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调，作者未加陈述的观点以及贯穿全文的中心主旨的理解等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位，再将相关信息进行整合、甄别、分析、对比，有根有据地排除干扰项，选出正确答案。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率，节省了宝贵的时间。特别适用于对图形表格类题材的理解。 二、速读全文，了解大意知主题。 阅读的目的是获取信息。一个人的阅读能力的高低决定了他能否快速高效吸收有用信息。阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力。没有一定的阅读速度就不能顺利地输入信息，更谈不上运用英语。近几年的高考阅读速度大约是每分钟40个词左右。考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。

抓主题句这是快速掌握文章大意的主要方法。主题句一般出现在文章的开头和结尾。用归纳法撰写的文章，都是表述细节的句子在前，概述性的句子居后。此时主题句就是文章的最后一句。通常用演绎法撰写的文章，大都遵循从一般到个别的写作程序，即从概述开始，随之辅以细说。这时，主题句就是文章的第一句。当然也有些文章没有主题句，需要读者自己去归纳。主题句往往对全文起提示、启迪、概括、归纳之作用，主旨大意题，归纳概括题，中心思想题往往直接可从主题句中找到答案。 三、详读细节，理顺思路与文章脉络。 文章绝不是互不相干的句子杂乱无章的堆砌。作者为文，有脉可循。如记叙文多以人物为中心，以时间或空间为线索，按事件的发生、发展、结局展开故事；论述体则包含论点、论据、结论三大要素，通过解释、举例来阐述观点。你可根据文章的特点，详读细节，以动词、时间、地点、事件、因果等为线索，找出关键词语，运用"画图列表法"，勾画出一幅完整清晰的文章主题和细节的认知图。 四、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。 在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。这就是通常所说的深层理解。深层理解主要包括归纳概括题（中心思想，加标题等）和推理判断题，是阅读理解中的难点。深层理解是一

(英语)高一英语阅读理解解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)含解析

（英语）高一英语阅读理解解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)含解析 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 One day a very skilled artist met a beautiful woman who immediately became the object of his affections. As he observed her and spoke with her, he admired her more and more. He showered her with kindness and words of praise until she consented to be his wife. Not long after they were married, however, the beautiful woman found out that she was more the object of his artistic interest than of his affections. When he admired her classic beauty, it was as though he were standing in front of a work of art rather than in front of a human being to whom he had pledged his love and promised his life. And soon he expressed his great desire to put her rare beauty on canvas. “Please sit for me in the workroom,” he pleaded, “and I will make your beauty permanent. The work will be my masterpiece!” She was humble and patient as well as flattered by his words, so she said, “Yes, my love. I will be happy to sit for you.” So the beautiful, young wife of the art ist sat meekly for hours in his studio, not complaining. Day after day she sat patiently, smiling as she posed, because she loved him and because she hoped that he would see her love in her smile and obedience. She sometimes wanted to call out to him, “Ple ase love me and want me as a person rather than as an object!” But instead, she spoke nothing but words which pleased him. At length, as the labor drew to close, the painter became wilder in his passion for his work. He only rarely turned his eyes from the canvas to look at his wife. As he stood there gazing at his beautiful work of art, he cried with a loud voice, “This is indeed life itself!” Then he turned to his beloved and saw that she was dead! （1）In what way did the artist express his appreciation of his wife's rare beauty? A. He put her classic beauty on canvas. B. He promised to marry her. C. He centered his deep affection on her. D. He pledged his love and promised his life to her.（2）What can be inferred from the story? A. The artist loved his work more than his wife. B. The artist didn't really understand what is beauty. C. The wife was fooled to sacrifice for his art creation. D. The wife loved his painting more than herself. （3）What did the artist mean by saying “This is indeed life itself!”？ A. He appreciated his life of painting. B. He was grateful to his wife. C. His work was more true to life than life itself. D. His effort was really worth it. （4）What would be the best title for this passage? A. A Well-matched Couple B. A Devoted Artist C. A Rare Masterpiece D. A Stupid Wife 【答案】（1）A （2）A （3）C

高中英语新高考-阅读理解指导与解读：复盘阅读C篇阅读心理过程

高中英语新高考-阅读理解指导与解读：复盘阅读C篇阅读心理过程 试卷阅读理解如何分析？仁者见仁智者见智，没有所谓的标准答案。我的理解是，一篇好的阅读解读应该包含，当然各有侧重点不同： 1、背景、内容、主旨 2、词汇和语言 3、语篇的行文特点 4、逻辑关系 5、体裁及其语体特点 6、深层含义 7、现实含义 8、作者意图、观点和态度 每次阅读前都要问自己四点： 1、我是不是总结了本文的宏观结构，是不是其它同话题文章也有同样的结构？ 2、文章的主旨在哪些段落里可以反映出来，这些段落的语句可有什么特征被广泛运用？ 3、文章反映了作者什么态度，哪些句子或单词可以看出来？ 4、段落是如何展开的，是举例、对比还是其它？ 每次刷题后也要问自己两点： 1、命题人的设问和文章结构可有关系，或者有什么规律？ 2、正确选项和错误选项分别针对文章句子的如何设计的？ 下面我就本次某考试阅读C篇来实践一下，实际上这也是我课堂上的循序，当然一般都是通过问题设计。

C 1 The Bible begins with the creation of the world. As a consequence（结果标识词，读到此，应该知道后面的主题句了）, in traditional Western thought the world is assumed to have been created by God. （段落中心：上帝创造世界。后面是具体解释了，可以略读）The Earth is associated with whatever is impermanent, imperfect, bodily and sinful. Heaven is the sphere of the permanent, perfect, spiritual and holy.（概念或中心句+具体解释的模式是绝大部分英语论说文的展开模式，关键是中心句的辨认。请关注解释部分里面的情感形容词：perfect, imperfect等，这都是通过对比来突出Heaven） 2 Traditional Chinese thought has no place for the idea of a creation（本句为论点，从上文的西方思想到本段的中国思想，明显是比较）. What exists has always existed and shall always do so（always重复，突出中国思想的特色）.Accordingly （语篇标识词，此句是照应论点句。这种模式：论点+论据+总结照应，也是很常见的）there is no concept of necessary “improvement”or “correction”of the creation through such means as a Last Judgment. 3 Things are as they are simply because that is the way they are（从because可见这是承接上文，具体解释中国思想了，可扫读一下第4段的首句确定）. The natural principle of order, common to all that exists, is called the Way (dao)（新的概念the Way的提出，必然后面要具体解释，这是铁定规律）. The Way is not some sort of law or pattern that God or prophets (先知) forced on what exists. It reveals itself in the

完整版高一英语阅读理解专项练习

记叙文类作者：巩穹 （I）★★ Elizabeth Blackwell was born in England in 1821, and moved to New York City when she was ten years old. One day she decided that she wanted to become a doctor. That was nearly impossible for a woman in the middle of the nineteenth century. After writing many letters asking for admission(录取) to medical schools, she was finally accepted by a doctor in Philadelphia. She was so determined that she taught school and gave music lessons to get money for the cost of schooling. In 1849, after graduation from medical school. she decided to further her education in Paris. She wanted to be a surgeon(外科医师) , but a serious eye problem forced her to give up the idea. Upon returning to the United States, she found it difficult to start her own practice because she was a woman. By 1857 Elizabeth and her sister, also a doctor, along with another woman doctor, managed to open a new hospital, the first for women and children Besides being the first woman physician and founding her own hospital , she also set up the first medical school for women. 1. Why couldn't Elizabeth Blackwell realize her dream of becoming a surgeon? A. She couldn't get admitted to medical school B. She decided to further her education in Paris C. A serious eye problem stopped her D. It was difficult for her to start a practice in the United States 2. What main obstacle(障碍) almost destroyed Elizabeth's chances for becoming for a doctor? A. She was a woman. B. She wrote too many letters. C. She couldn't graduate from medical school. D. She couldn't set up her hospital. 3. How many years passed between her graduation from medical school and the opening of her hospital? A. Eight years B. Ten years C. Nineteen years D. Thirty-six years 4. According to the passage, all of the following are “firsts”in the life of Elizabeth Blacekwell except that she ______. A. became the first woman physician B. was the first woman doctor C. and several other women founded the first hospital for women and children D. set up the first medical school for women 5. Eilzabeth Blackwell spent most of her lift in _______. A. England B. Paris C. the United States D. New York City 1-5 CAABC （II）★★★ Europe is now the biggest market for organic food in the world, having grown by 25 percent a year over the past 10 years. Denmark's agriculture minister is herself an organic farmer.

【阅读】高中英语阅读理解题型及解题技巧

阅读理解能力测试的主要要求是： 1．阅读材料，理解材料的主旨大意，以及用以说明主旨大意的事实和细节。2．既理解具体的事实，也理解抽象的概念。 3．既理解文章的字面意思，也理解深层含义，包括作者的态度、意图等。 4．既理解某句、某段的含义，也理解全篇的逻辑关系，并据此进行推理和判断。5．既能根据所提供的信息去理解，也能结合中学生应具有的常识去理解判断。 根据这五项要求，我们可将阅读理解多项选择题归纳为以下几种题型：主题主旨大意，细节理解题，综合推理题，概括归纳题，观点归纳题，人物评价题，词义句义理解题，指代关系题，内容排序题等。 下面结合自己平时教学中的经验体会，谈一谈做英语阅读理解题的技巧与策略。 一．主旨大意题 阅读理解首先要做到的就是掌握所读材料的主旨和大意，它是全文的概括与总结。能否抓住这个中心，取决于读者的总结能力。每篇短文都有其主题思想，而作者表现主题思想的手法各不相同。这就需要我们挖掘相同点，寻找解题的方法。 常见题型： 1．主题型： What’s the main idea of this passage ? What does this passage mainly discuss? What’s the topic of this passage ? 2．标题型： What’s the best title? The best title for this text is (to tell ) ————. 3．目的型： The main purpose of this text is ————. The author’s purpose o f writing this text is to ————. What’s the main purpose of the passage?

高中英语阅读课教学设计

Ⅰ.Teaching Contents 教学内容 Module 7 Unit4 Sharing Reading: A Letter Home II.Analysis of teaching material 教材分析 本单元的话题是Sharing，主要涉及帮助弱者、志愿服务、合作分享等。通过听、说、读、写等各种活动学习相关的语言知识，使学生了解世界上很多地方依然很落后，从而懂得同情，学会分享。了解一些志愿者工作的信息，培养学生互助合作的精神和社会责任感。结合针对短文话题的探讨激发学生的国际意识，通过各种渠道力所能及地为贫困地区的孩子做出自己的贡献。 本课设计的这篇课文是一个志愿者的一封家书，她在巴布亚新几内亚共和国的一个小山村教书。信中详细地描述了她所在学校的情况和她去一个学生家做客的经历。通过这封信，学生可以了解巴布亚新几内亚共和国各部落的生活状况和风俗习惯，同时能够更好地理解志愿者的工作。 Ⅲ.Analysis of students学情分析 1．学生经过高中阶段必修1～选修6的学习，具备了一定的阅读技能，如查找细节信息，抓住段落要点和全文大意等，在阅读速度方面也有了较大的提高，这有助于学生较好地完成这个课时的课文阅读。同时，在听、说、写等方面也有了一定的基础。 2．这个单元的话题是分享、帮助与合作。对于高二的学生而言，他们的价值观人生观已经基本形成，本课通过阅读志愿者的家书，了解一些志愿者的工作，小组讨论“如果你/你们是志愿者你/你们将做什么工作？为什么？”帮助学生认识这个世界，理解互助合作的意义，即在帮助他人的过程中实现自己的人生价值。 3．学生在这节课的学习过程中需要用到预习策略、搜集分析信息策略、归纳整理策略等。 Ⅳ.Design of Teaching Objectives 教学目标 1.Knowledge objectives 知识目标 (1)学生能够正确读写及运用本课出现的单词。 (2)学生掌握本课词组的意思并能在句子中熟练运用。 2.Ability objective能力目标 (1)强化略读、查读等阅读技能，训练通过寻找关键词、主题句等方式更快速并准确 地确定文章的段落大意，理清文章的总体框架与脉络的技能。 (2)增强阅读理解能力；发展借助图片、表格等非语言信息进行语言输出的能力。 3.Affective objectives 情感价值目标 (1)帮助学生理解志愿者工作的意义，培养学生在日常生活中帮助他人、扶贫救困的 爱心。 (2)在小组合作互动中，增强学生的团队合作精神与分享意识。 Ⅴ.Teaching Important Points(教学重点) a.获取巴布亚新几内亚独立国各部落生活状况和风俗习惯的信息； b．阅读能力的培养和阅读技巧的训练，如精读课文完成表格填空等。

最新50套高中英语阅读理解(人物故事)及解析

最新50套高中英语阅读理解(人物故事)及解析 一、高中英语阅读理解人物故事类 1．阅读理解 Even if you've never been to Phoenix, you know this about the place It's hot. From June to September, the temperature can easily surpass the century mark. But that doesn't stop hikers from attempting the 1.3-mile hiking to the top of the city's famed Camelback Mountain. Signs warn that the trail is "extremely difficult". If you continue, a posted checklist suggests at least a liter of water per person. And if you're still not stopped, another sign farther up declares: "If you're halfway through your water, turn around!" Unfortunately, many people to not take the warnings seriously. Fortunate y, Scott Cullymore does. The 53-year-old Cullymore can be found hiking up and down Camelback a couple of times a day, giving out cold bottles of water to worn-out hikers. He has helped hydrate so many hikers that he has earned a heavenly nickname: the Water Angel. Cullymore was on Camelback Mountain one day in 2015 when a British tourist died after being lost for nearly six hours in the July heat. That experience inspired him to start helping people caught unaware by the cruelty of Mother Nature. "They underestimate the mountain, and they overestimate what they can do, and they get themselves in trouble." he warned. One hiker who was offered water agrees. "You think you know the heat, but then you get out here in the desert and it surrounds you like a blanket," said Austin Hill, who was hiking with a high school friend. They were lucky, he said pointing to Cullymore. "We ran into this Good Samaritan here." And with that, the Water Angel goes in search of another hiker in need. （1）What is the first paragraph mainly about? A. The risks involved in the hiking. B. The seriousness of the warnings. C. The distribution of signs that warn hikers. D. The influence of the temperature on hikers.（2）Why did some hikers on Camelback Mountain get in trouble? A. They were not well trained in hiking. B. They forgot to take enough water with them. C. They were too optimistic about the situation. D. They were not fit enough to hike the mountain. （3）What can we know about Austin Hill? A. He agreed to help others. B. He was saved by Cullymore. C. He hiked alone in the desert. D. He regretted taking a blanket. （4）What is the best title for the text? A. The Camelback Mountain B. Surviving the Heat C. Hikers in Need D. The Water Angel 【答案】（1）A （2）C （3）B （4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，远足者低估夏日的Camelback Mountain 同时高估自

英语阅读理解文章(作者)意图解题指导.pdf

英语阅读理解文章（作者）意图解题指导教学设计 I．设计思路 《高中英语新课程标准》明确指出：“高中英语课程要有利于学生优化英语学习方法，使他们通过观察、体验、探究等积极主动的学习方法，充分发挥自己的学习潜能，形成有效的学习策略，提高自主学习的能力。” 高考大纲中关于阅读理解的要求：要求考生读懂简易的英语文学作品、科普文章、公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章并回答相关问题。考生应能： 1、理解主旨要义； 2、理解文中具体信息； 3、根据上下文推断生词的词义； 4、作出简单判断和理解； 5、理解文章的基本结构； 6、理解作者的意图和态度； 7、根据所读，用恰当的词语补全文章提纲、概括关键内容 或作要词词语转换。 因此有关阅读理解题目主要有以下四种： 主旨大意型 事实细节型 词义猜测型 推理判断型 让我们比较一下近两年江苏高考卷阅读理解题的分类题量。

2010年高考阅读理解推理判断题型中要求考生能把握文脉逻辑关系—句与句、段与段之间的逻辑关系。 推理判断题 英语阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，而是要求阅读者根据字面意思，通过全篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义，这就是判断推理题。判断推理题在阅读测试中属于难题。 判断推理是一种创造性的思维活动，但它并非无章可循。判断推理题要在阅读理解整体语篇的基础上，掌握文章的真正内涵。①要吃透文章的字面意思，从字里行间捕捉有用的提示和线索，这是推理的前提和基础。②要对文字的表面信息进行挖掘加工，由表入里，由浅入深。从具体到抽象，从特殊到一般，通过分析、综合、判断等进行深层处理，符合逻辑地推理。不能就事论事，断章取义，以偏概全。③要忠于原文，以文章提供的事实和线索为依据，立足已知，推断未知。立足现在，预测未来。不能主观臆想，凭空想象，随意揣测，更不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点。④要把握句、段之间的逻辑关系，了解语篇的结构。要体会文章的基调，揣摸作者的态度，摸准逻辑发展的方向，悟出作者的弦外之音。 推断题分类 1.推断隐含意义 2.推断作者观点或态度 3.推断写作目的 4.推断文章出处 5.推断文脉逻辑关系 那么，该如何掌握对推断作者观点态度题以及写作目的题的理解呢？ 人物性格、态度及观点判断题： 高考阅读测试中有些是考查对作者的主导思想、被描写人物语气、言谈话语中流露的情绪、性格倾向和作者或文中人物态度、观点等方面的理解题。做这一类题时一定要注意：由表及里的准确把握字里行间的意思，切勿用自己的主观想法或观点代替作者的思想观点；特别注意那些描写环境气氛的语言，以及表达感情、态度观点的词语。要特别注意作者在文章中的措词，尤其是表达感情色彩的形容词；能结合自己平时积累的有关英语国家的文化传统、风俗习惯等背景知识来识别评价。

外研版高中英语必修一《阅读理解》专项练习题(含答案)

外研版高中英语必修一《阅读理解》专项练习题（含答案） Graham and his friends preferred to shoot up in their arms, necks and legs. A dealer once said Graham was the type who would never be able to turn back and that he expected him to die from the drug. Wendy feared the same, but di dn’t know how to save her son. “ Once, after he’d disappeared for more than a month, I found him at a friend’s house with a bunch of other users,” she said, “I got down on my hands and knees, begging him to come home. He did, but the next morning he was go ne. I don’t know what made him do it, but I drove 20 miles to the nearest train station. Graham was headed for Seattle, his pockets full of drugs. If I hadn’t gotten there in time, I would never have seen him alive again.” The turning point came in 2007, after Graham was arrested yet again for possession. Wendy got a call from the Montana Drugs Project, which works with local law enforcement（强制执行）to keep track of youth-related crimes so it can help families in trouble. Following a counselor’s advice, Wendy hired two men to come to her home in the middle of the night, tie Graham and take him to a treatment program in Thompson Falls, Montana. “I was high when they came and really angry with my mom,” he said, “But if she hadn’t done that, drugs would have killed me.” After six months of treatment, Graham, now 19, came back to Kalispell, where he’s grown close to Wendy once again. “I still have the desires every day and attend support meetings every night,” he said, “But life is worth living again. My mom thinks that’s a miracle. I guess she is right.” 1．The underlined phrase “shoot up” in paragraph 1 probably means_________. A．increase very quickly and suddenly B．put illegal drugs into the body by using a needle C．kill or injure someone by using a gun D．try to achieve a particular aim 2．When the two men came to their home in the middle of the night, Graham _______. A．had just taken drugs and was in the state of excitement. B．was sleeping in a high bed above the ground. C．had just taken drugs and was in the state of suffering. D．was quarrelling with his mother.

高中英语阅读理解题型解读、解题技巧及练习(教师版)

高中阅读理解题型解读（教师版） （一）阅读是获得更综合、更复杂、更精确信息的必要手段，考生在做阅读理解时，不仅要看懂文章的字面意思，还需要针对不同题材和体裁的篇目运用不同的方法作出正确的选择。一般来说，词汇、阅读速度和理解能力是阅读理解中三个最重要且有相互联系的因素。 阅读的方法可以使用以下几种： 1.跳读：就是快速的一步阅读法。实际上是有选择阅读，找关键词。用这种阅读方法回答who、what、when、where之类的问题最为有效。 2.略读：指比跳读慢些的二步阅读法。即泛泛地、粗略地快速阅读，目的是了解大意，对文章有个总的概念。此种阅读方法能回答why、how之类的问题。 3.精读：即最细致、最慢的深层阅读方法，目的是求得对所读文章的全部意义的理解与掌握。 在使用阅读技巧时尽量做到以下几点： 1.带着问题阅读短文。 2.找出主题句、确定中心思想。 3.推断单词、句子和文章的含义。 4.尽快选择答案。 （二）不同体裁文章的特点及解题技巧 1.记叙文 记叙文又可分传记类和故事类。传记类文章在阅读中时间是全文的关键，根据时间我们可以找到相关的事件，抓住文章的主要内容。故事类文章情节性较强，阅读时要注意故事中的时间、地点、人物和发生的事件，这些都是文章中的主要内容和信息，对于准确理解文章十分重要。 2.说明文 说明文是对事物的形状、性质、特征、成果或功用等进行介绍，解释或阐述的文章。把握所说明事物的特征和本质是理解说明文的关键。说明事物特征的方法很多，主要有定义法、解释法、比较法、比喻法、数字法、图表法、引用法和举例法等。 ●数字说明文 在阅读数字说明文时要特别注意文中数字的含义，从这些数字中可以找到文章的主要内容。 ●解释说明文 解释说明文着重说明事物的本质、特征和功用等。许多科普文章都属于这一类。在阅读这类文章时要学会解决what, how, why 等一类的问题。它们是文章的关键。如能带着这些问题阅读，将会更迅速抓住文章的主题。 ●比较说明文 比较说明文是通过对比方法说明问题。在阅读这类文章时要善于把握全篇陈述的基本倾向。作者在谈论一个有争议的问题时总要顾及到争议的各个方面。但是，在一般情况下，作者的陈述总要倾向于某一种观点。 3.应用文 应用文涉及的范围比较广，包括广告、通知、书信等。应用文一般语言简洁，省略及不规范的句子较多。阅读时一般要求考生全面掌握文章中提供的信息，并运用这些信息去解决问题。因此对题干的理解尤为重要。 阅读理解的考题分为客观理解题(是指在短文中客观存在的事实，客观信息的答案一般都可以在原文中找到。即理解文中的具体事实或抽象概念)和主观理解题(这类问题都不可能直接从原文中找到答案，须通过阅读文章对文章主旨和深层含义有更深理解，并据此进行判断和推理)。其中细节理解题和猜测词义题属于客观题；主旨大意题和推理判断题属于主观题。针对不同类型的题目，要在平时的练习过程中，结合具体的题目，给学生进行解题方法