高考英语概要写作专题

高考英语概要写作专题

挖命题

【考情探究】

考点

考查内容考查方式

考情分析

2018.11 2018.6 2017.11 2017.6 2016.10

概要写作

1.对原文主旨及要点的理

解和呈现情况;2.概括要

点时语法结构和词汇应

用的准确性;3.概要文章

上下文的连贯性;4.对各

要点表达的独立性情况

提供一篇350词以内的短文,

要求考生基于该短文写出一

篇60词左右的内容概要

在申请大学之前,最好

亲自去目标学校看一

下。如果时间和金钱不

允许,就在网上获取信

息

分析解读概要写作是综合性的写作考查。要求考生首先对原文有准确的理解、对原文的结构和要点有准确的把握,然后再用高级的语法结构及合适的连接词写出包含所有要点的短文。所以,考生要想做好本题,就必须注意以下几点:(1)准确理解文章。(2)把握文章的各个要点。(3)使用准确的语法结构、丰富的词汇和合适的连接词。(4)使用自己的语言表述,不要照抄原文中的句子。

【真题典例】

阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

It’s a really good idea to visit colleges before you apply because their websites can all start to look and sound the same. Nothing will give you the sense of what it will actually be like to live on a college campus(校园)like visiting and seeing for yourself the dorms, classrooms and athletic equipment and, of course, the students. It seems a little crazy once senior year hits to find the time to visit college campuses, and it can also be pricey if the schools you are applying to happen to be more than a car ride away. But keep in mind that you are making a decision about the next four 概要写作的文章一般都是说明文或议论文。文章结构比较清楚,段落之间的逻辑关系也很紧密。

文章第一段开门见山,提出观点:在你申请大学之前,要去亲自看看目标大学。

第二段特别指出一定要去看看附近的大学。

第三段的内容是,

如果你在申请之

years of your life, and do all the research you can to make sure you are making the right one. There’s no excuse not to visit the schools in your local area. In fact, a lot of college applications even ask if you have visited campus, and obviously, if you live across the country that won’t be as much of a possibility, but if you live nearby, go check it out!

If campus visits aren’t going to happen before you apply, at the very least you should find some time between applying and getting your acceptance letters to visit the schools you’d like to attend. It can save you a lot of heartache if you rule out now the things that you don’t like about certain campuses, things that you wouldn’t know unless you actually visit.

Now, if time and money are making it impossible, then check out the online college fairs at CollegeWeekLive. It’s a chance to c hat online with admissions officers, students, and college counselors(顾问), and it won’t cost you a penny! You can register for its online college fair at https://www.sodocs.net/doc/8c5013637.html,. While visiting an online college fair can’t take the place of an actual campus visit, it can be a very useful tool that along with all your other research will help you make an informed decision about which colleges or universities you’d like to attend.前没有去过;在申请之后,或得到offer之前,一定要去看看,免得将来后悔。

第四段的主要内容是如果无法亲自去参观的话,可以登录网站了解相关的信息。并提供了网站的信息。

参考范文

范文鉴赏

It is a wise choice for you to pay a personal visit to the college you are applying to,especially the ones that are close to you.(要点1)In order to avoid being regretful, you shou ld at least visit the college you decided to attend.(要点2)If all the above is not affordable, it will be helpful to search the online college fairs at CollegeWeekLive where you can get the necessary information(要点3).

1.范文准确地把握了各个段落的要点。

2.各个要点之间的连接和逻辑都很顺畅,相互关系密切。

3.句子之间用了比较好的连接方式。如第一句的especially;第二句的In order to,第三句的If。

4.文章使用了比较高级的词汇和结构。如,It is a wise choice;you are applying to;that are close to you;avoid being regretful;notaffordable;where you can get the necessary information。

【三年模拟】

模拟题组

Writing 1(2019浙江五校)

阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

These days our society develops rapidly and forces people to rush. It appears that people have got used to being in a hurry. However, it’s better for people to take t heir time and live their life at a slower pace than to hurry to get things done.

The main reason that convinces us to oppose doing work in a hurry is the possibility of doing wrong in a rush. When people do their jobs or take action in a hurry, they can’t make a sound decision and probably regret later. As the saying goes, “Haste makes waste.” We should think carefully before making a decision and do our work less quickly. We should not make mistakes by doing work hurriedly.

Slowing down the pace of life helps people enjoy their life better. For example, taking a train to some place certainly will take more time than taking a plane. However, taking a train makes people have enough time to get to know a lot of new friends. Besides, it allows people to fully enjoy the beautiful scenery along the way. On the contrary, being in a hurry will make us lose chances of enjoying our lives.

Finally, slower life pace provides better health conditions for us. As is known to all, taking action in a hurry bothers people and raises their stress. People think if they are not in a hurry, they will become a loser and that annoys them. But being in a hurry can hurt people both physically and mentally. According to some studies, people who have a slower pace suffer fewer diseases, tend to be happier and live much longer than those whose life is tense, even if the former finish jobs more slowly than the latter.

In short, working quickly will bring about more material benefits to make our society more advanced. Yet, much stress can’t bring enjoyment, friends and health, which are much more important than money and other material advantages. Therefore, take your time and live your life at a slower pace.

答案

【写作提示】

本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了降低生活节奏的各种好处。文章结构清楚,观点明确。同时在第一段提出了主旨,第二至第四段进行了论述,最后一段给予了总结。

【参考范文】

Despite being accustomed to the fast pace in modern society, people are recommended to lead a slower

life.(要点1)Slowing down lowers the possibility of committing errors made by hurry decisions.(要点2)It can also provide us with more opportunities to enjoy life.(要点3)Besides, a slower life is supposed to bring better health condition physically and mentally.(要点4)Therefore, a slow life is strongly suggest ed.(要点5)

Writing 2(2019浙江宁波返校考)

阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Have you heard an old saying “The grass looks greener on the other side of the fence”?It means other places often look better, more interesting than the place where you live. “Let’s go to KFC for dinner and then watch some Japanese cartoons!” We all know it:more and more Chinese kids lo ve American and Japanese food and movies. Some people worry that young Chinese are beginning to feel that way. They see young Chinese ignoring(忽

视)Chinese culture and, instead, buying Japanese cartoon books, watching Korean soap operas and even celebrating western holidays.

Foreign books and soap operas are good, but Chinese writers and actors are just as good. As for holidays, Christmas is nice, but it can never have the meaning for Chinese that Spring Festival has, and the West has nothing to compare with the Mid-Autumn Festival. China has lots of cool things in its culture:calligraphy, Beijing Opera, quick meals on the streets, and even Jay Chou! And let’s not forget the part of Chinese culture I like best:its friendliness. Not all countries are as warm as China.

It’s good to enjoy other cultures and learn from them, but they can never replace your own culture. It’s good to look on the other side of the fence, but make sure you take a good long look. You will find that the grass isn’t always greener.

Althou gh some people become worried about that, I don’t think they should. Will we get more powerful without learning from other countries?Will Chinese people live more happily without American fast food?Besides, it’s fun to learn about different cultures. Chine se kids can learn about other cultures and have fun, but they also need to learn more about their own culture. Be proud of Chinese culture and of being Chinese!

答案

【写作提示】

本文是议论文。文章论述了“本地的花不香”这种盲目崇洋媚外的现象。文章结构清楚,概括时根据自然段的中心思想组织要点。

【参考范文】

Many young Chinese prefer foreign items, considering them to be better.(要点1)Nevertheless, Chinese culture is equally good, colorful and even more meaningful, such as its festivals, calligraphy and friendliness.(要点2)Foreign cultures, which are not always good, can never replace your own culture.(要点3)In a word, Chinese kids need to learn more and take pride in Chinese culture while enjoying other cu ltures.(要点4)

Writing 3(2019浙江杭州模拟)

阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

“I think I’m nothing more than a dead fish.”“I don’t want to do anything.”“I’m so beat and so sad.”...The young generation in our country used to enjoy their “happy culture” but now they have become “beat and sad” slowly and secretly. Some people even called it “the beat culture”. The “beat” youths don’t want to do anything. They have no purpose, no desire and they are totally depressed and they only want to live an aimless life. The “Ge You slouch(葛优瘫)”and the song“I feel like having been drained” are the examples.

Many media concern themselves about this phenomenon and try to persuade the youths into embracing positive and healthy feelings and encourage them to work hard to get rid of decadence. This is really a kind gesture. However, we don’t have to worry too much about this “beat culture.” In fact, it’s not a negative thing. “Beat” never means despair, but a way of self-mockery(自嘲)and pressure relief.

In general, the youths in China are not “beat”. According to a recent international research, the youths in China hold positive attitude towards the future. 29% of the Chinese interviewees believe they will live and work in peace in China because “as long as you work hard, you can have your own day”. Around 93% of the Chinese interviewees believe the future is promising because of medicine industry, renewable energy sources and computer. Compared with Chinese youngsters, youths in developed countries are more pessimistic.

Of course there are some social reasons for the appearing of “the Beat Culture”. As urbanization develops rapidly, youths living in big cities are facing new challenges that their forefathers have never encountered before. Loneliness and feelings of insignificance and powerlessness are easy to get a hold of the young people. Without proper care, they could threaten the youths’ mentality and caus e many social problems. These problems probably need our attention more.

答案

【写作提示】

本文是议论文。对中国现在年轻人中所谓的“颓废的文化”进行了客观的论述和评价。

【参考范文】

There is a slow tendency that “the beat culture” is popular with the youths in China.(要点1)Actually, “the beat cultu re” is an approach to relaxing the youths themselves, so it doesn’t need worrying.(要点2)The fact is that majority of the youths in China are positive, compared with those in developed countries.(要点3)However,its social causes still need to be concerned because it can also contribute to more social problems.(要点4)

Writing 4(2019浙江七彩阳光联盟10月)

阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

If you’re anything like us, it seems that your stomach starts to grumble(隆隆响)as soon as McDonald’s golden arches come into view. The reason behind that isn’t the mouthwatering taste of their delicious fries—this is how they get them to taste so good by the way—it’s actually psychological, and it has to do with the colors of their logo.

The colors red and yellow were chosen for a specific reason, an d it wasn’t because they looked nice with Ronald McDonald’s clown-like face. It actually has to do with science. The color red is stimulating and is associated with being active. It also increases heart rate, which helps to jumpstart your appetite. The color yellow is associated with happiness and is the most visible color in daylight, so that’s why a McDonald’s sign is so easy to spot on a crowded road.

The brain processes color before it processes words or shapes, so that’s why the fast-food chain chose these two colors for their logo and brand. Red and yellow makes you hungry, encouraging you to want to buy the product they sell, while also making you feel happy.

McDonald’s has started to use this color philosophy to influence and change the way people c urrently think about their brand as well. Many franchises(授权经销商)in Europe have started to incorporate more of the color green into their storefronts and interior design because it’s associated with nature and being environmentally friendly, something McDon ald’s has been criticized for not being in the past. The company has been working to become greener by using environmentally friendly refrigeration and converting used oil into biodiesel(生物柴油)fuel.

答案

【写作提示】

本文是说明文。文章介绍了色彩和人的食欲之间的关系。文章共四段,每段主题都明了,写概要时根据自然段概括要点即可。

【参考范文】

The reason why people can’t resist the temptation of McDonald’s is psychologically connected with colors of the logo.(要点1)Yellow and red were chosen to help increase people’s appetite and make the store sign easy to spot.(要点2)Another reason is that the human brain processes color before words or shapes.(要点3)Nowadays McDonald’s takes advantage of the color philosophy to become more environmentally friendly by incorporating more green color into their store design.(要点4)

Writing 5(2019浙江绍兴11月联考)

阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

As is known, if we are united no one can defeat us. But if we constantly have conflicts or misunderstandings, we may attract outsiders to take advantage of ourselves, which may ultimately result in our failure. Unity is the source of strength and people who are united have the capability to tackle any kind of situation as they share each other’s burdens and hardships.

In olden days, man lived alone. He travelled and hunted all by himself, which sometimes gave opportunities to fierce animal to attack and kill him. Then he realized that if he joined hands with other hunters, he would be able to face several common dangers and challenges. This is how, villages got formed, which later got developed into the towns and cities.

In the sports ground, be it cricket, football, baseball, basketball or any kind of sport, a united team and an appropriate strategy may contribute to the success of the team;but if there is a conflict or unhealthy competition or unnecessary misunderstanding among the team members, they may invite the opponents to take advantage of their shortcomings and win the game. Likewise, if the members of a family stay together and support each other in every phase of life, no outsiders can harm the family.

There was once an old man who lived in a village with his three sons. The sons always fought with each other and would not pay any attention to their father. The man fell sick and assumed that he would die soon;he was very worried about the fact that once he died, pe ople would take advantage of his sons’ conflicts. He called all his sons and asked them to break a bundle of sticks, one by on e. None of them could do it. He then untied the bundle and

gave each stick to each one of them asking them to break, which they could very conveniently accomplish. He then told his sons that they should stay like the bundle of sticks so that no one can break them;but if they keep on fighting, they will be broken by the outsiders easily.

答案

【写作提示】

本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了合作就能成功的观点。

【参考范文】

It is well known that united we stand and divided we fall.(要点1)In ancient times, hunters made joint efforts to cope with dangers and challenges, thus forming villages and later developing into towns and cities.(要点

2)Surely, unity has a great significance in people’s lives whether in the sports ground or in a family.(要点3)The dying man’s story of sticks also shows the importance of unity.(要点4)

Writing 6(2018浙江宁波十校一模)

阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

A typical lion tamer(驯兽师)in people’s mind is an ente rtainer holding a whip(鞭子)and a chair.The whip gets all of the attention, but it’s mostly for show.In reality, it’s the chair that does the important work.When a lion tamer holds a chair in front of the lion’s face, the lion tries to focus on all four legs of the chair at the same

time.With its focus divided, the lion becomes confused and is unsure about what to do next.When faced with so many options, the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair.

How often do you find yourself in the same position as the lion? How often do you have something you want to achieve(e.g. lose weight, start a business, travel more)—only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you and never make progress?

This upsets me to no end because while all the experts are busy debating about which option is the best, the people who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the conflicting information.The end result is that we feel like we can’t focus or that we’re focused on the wrong things, and so we take less action, make less progress, and stay the same when we could be improving.

It doesn’t have to be that way.Anytime you find the world waving a chair in your face, remember this:All you need to do is to focus on one thing.You just need to get started. Starting before you feel ready is one of the habits of successful people. If you have somewhere you want to go, something you want to accomplish, someone you want to become...take immediate action.If you’re clear about where you want to go, the rest of the world will either help you get there or get out of the way.

答案

【写作提示】

1.本文是一篇议论文,如果有太多的目标,我们就会迷茫,反而不知所措。因此,正确的做法是集中注意力于我们真正的目标。

2.文章四段,每段一个要点。这是概要写作的一般原则。

3.文章第一段比较难懂。一定要认真阅读。

【参考范文】

What really matters in a lion taming is the chair, which confuses the lion by the four legs.(要点1) So do people in the face of too many options.(要点2) We are always prevented from making progress because we can’t make sound choices before the conflicting information.(要点3) So if you want to be successful, focus on one thing and get started quickly.(要点4)

Writing 7(2018浙江绍兴考前适应性联考)

阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

China’s bike-sharing has exploded from nothing about a year ago into a transport phenomenon in major cities. Just by scanning the QR code(二维码)that appears behind the seat, one can unlock a shared bicycle. Once the service has finished, the user blocks the bike and the total is charged to his mobile account. The process lasts less

than 30 seconds and costs no more than one penny. By the way, there are still no fixed places to find or leave a bike, although areas such as university campus, and metro or bus station are preferred.

Many young people believe shared bicycles have many advantages. They are not expensive to rent, they do not have to be protected from thieves, and there is no need to repair them. You just have to change them for another one. They are also environment-friendly and lower the use of cars, which also helps to relieve traffic. In fact, it is considered an awesome combination of technology and tradition.

There is no doubt about the benefits but the disadvantages cannot be ignored. Many problems related to shared bicycles have emerged. It is not only due to bad behavior from some users who always want to seize the bicycles, but also because of the mess that has been created since one can leave the bicycle anywhere, which is against public urban order management. There are so many poorly parked bikes that sometimes they end up blocking streets.

In Xi Luoyuan, Beijing, the“Civilized Use ofBicycles”campaign has been launched. In addition to having 40 officially permitted stops, there are also clear signals to lead users to these stops. A team of supervisors keep order in the area. This is the first area that is part of an official system to manage bicycles. The purpose of this campaign is to solve the mess that the popularity of shared bicycles is causing in Beijing, both with the participation of companies and the users. If the pilot plan works out well in Xi Luoyuan, it will be extended to all of the cities in China.

答案

【写作提示】

本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了共享自行车的优劣,并提供了北京解决共享自行车的措施,希望能提供一些有益的经验。文章结构清楚,以自然段为基础概括要点。

【参考范文】

China’s shared bicycles are gaining popularity with the public as a cheap and convenient transport optio n.(要点1) The advantages of it also include providing people with an environment friendly life by relieving traffic and reducing pollution.(要点2) However, the bad behavior of some users and the mess they cause also lead to some

problems.(要点3) Beijing has launched a campaign to regulate bike-parking, which will hopefully set a good example for the rest of C hina.(要点4)

Writing 8(2018浙江宁波选考联盟12校考前模拟)

阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Advertising plays a major role in the competitive business world. Many industries take advantage of the power of advertising to attract or to win customers away from their business competitors. The influence of advertising is so huge that it causes many people to buy things that they don’t want at the start.

Advertising encourages people to buy things they don’t want through misleading ideas. Advertising is proven to be a successful tool to stress the features of their product to the public even though it’s regarded undesirable

such as cigarettes, drugs, alcohol and so on. For example, Dunhill, a cigarette company which sponsors many football teams, seems to be promoting cigarettes to the public. Without the sponsorship, the company will be less known to the public, resulting in fewer sales of cigarettes.

Besides that, advertising has a large influence on the decisions made by the people in their everyday life. Many businesses use advertising as a form of promoting to create awareness about their product in the market. For instance, in a fast food industry, the introduction of a new flavor of burger needs advertising to reach the public while the other burgers require advertising to increase sales. Children, especially, are easily influenced by advertisements and will have the desire to dine at fast food restaurants after that. Although fast food is bad for health, it has successfully become appealing to the public through advertising.

However, advertising plays a part in helping customers to compare a product in terms of price, quality, reliability and so on. Without advertising, it will be very difficult for customers to judge the worth of a product.

For example, advertisements published by various companies have given the customers the opportunity to choose wisely when purchasing an item. Without the power of advertising, customers will be stuck to a brand which may not offer the best choice.

答案

【写作提示】

本文论述了广告在我们生活中的优点和不足。以段落概括要点,注意抓住要点,一些细节的举例可以省略。【参考范文】

Advertising contributes a lot to a company in the competitive business world.(要点1) It persuades people into buying things they don’t really need with the method of over stressing the features of their products.(要点2) By raising the awareness of the products, it has remarkable effects on people’s decisions.(要点3) Nevertheless, it also provides people with necessary information about the products, allowing people to compare them and make a better choice.(要点4)

Writing 9(2017浙江杭州四校高三期中)

阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Throughout history, music spread among people of different cultures. In today’s technological advanced society, however, peopl e spread music online, sometimes without an artist’s permission. This can lead to many problems, and music companies are now dealing with this practice. Sharing music online without permission is theft(偷窃).

Sharing music online prevents recording companies from making money from their efforts. They say that sharing music online has resulted in a huge drop in profits and sales over the past 10 years. People who find music for free online are not paying for CDs or every MP3 downloaded. To truly understand the influence of music piracy(盗版行为)on creators, one must understand how many people are involved in the recording process. For the sale of each album, profits must be shared among musicians, sound engineers, music producers, managers, advertisers, and the company selling the product. Many people believe sharing music only affects the recording artist, but the reality is that sharing hurts business of all the companies involved.

There are many people who don’t see the harm in sharing music online and even think they have the right to do it. One online blogger states that he originally paid for an entire CD and that he should be able to do with the material whatever he wants. While he may have legally paid for the music, he does not have the right to provide permission, which means people like the blogger are thieves.

Although we don’t spread today’s music in the same way we did before, there’s no doubt that people around the world love to share music. However, internet piracy would prevent musicians from continuing producing albums for fear of theft. Therefore, if people want to continue listening to their favorite artists, they need to buy their music so that artists will make enough profits to continue their music careers.

答案

【写作提示】

这是一篇议论文。文章论述目前音乐版权问题的严重性,并指出不保护音乐版权的危害。文章结构清楚,写作时可以根据自然段的段意概括要点。注意句子的多样性和句子之间的连贯性。

【参考范文】

In today’s society, it is theft to share music online without artists’ permission.(要点1)It hurts all relevant companies and people involved in the recording process.(要点2)However, many people take no notice of the harm and even think sharing music online is their right, not knowing most music is copyrighted.(要点3)If we want the musicians to continue producing albums for us to appreciate, we need to protect musicians’ copyright.(要点4) Writing 10(2017浙江金丽衢十二校第一次联考)

阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Most students experience a lot of stress while preparing for exams, as both their parents and teache rs expect them to get high scores. Students who feel anxious are likely to experience problems like difficulty in concentrating while studying, confusion, feeling stressed while looking at difficult questions, feeling blank, sweating, sleeplessness etc.Under such circumstances, they end up scoring less than they could have. Therefore, it’s extremely impo rtant for students to learn about how to overcome fear,so that they can take their examination confidently, finally earning good grades. Here are a few tips on ways to overcome exam fear.

There are many students who take studies lightly,leaving everything to be studied at the last minute. As a result,when exams are around the corner, they feel scared, as they don’t know where to start, and what to study. So the easiest way of overcoming this problem is to start studying much before the exam. Another common mistake that many students make is that they don’t make an effort to understand the subject.When they have memorized things without understanding them, the chances of forgetting are more. Therefore, it is vital to understand the concept before memorizing it. In this way,you will never forget any important point. Besides, that the exams are coming does not mean that you have to sit with your books for the entire day,and students should take regular breaks to relax and refresh their minds. However, they should avoid watching too much TV and addicting themselves to the Internet, in which way, they are more likely to waste time.

Apart from the tips above, here are some points that will help students cope with exam-related anxiety.For example, before the exam, avoid studying anything new or having conversations with your classmates about what they have studied and how much they have studied, both of which will make you more nervous. During the exam, if you get blank after seeing difficult questions, ignore them for the time being, and deal with those you find easier. Once you have completed them, go back to the difficult o nes.

答案

【写作提示】

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Most students will experience stress during examination periods.(要点1)To overcome it, students should make a good preparation ahead of time.(要点2)Besides, understanding what you are learning instead of just memorizing it matters greatly.(要点3)Learning to relax properly before exams is of benefit.(要点4)It is wise not to learn anything new or talk with classmates about w hat they have studied or how much they have studied.(要点5)Clever methods during the exams,such as completing easy questions first, also count in dealing with anxieties.(要点6)

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