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英语形容词作状语详解

英语形容词作状语详解
英语形容词作状语详解

不容忽视形容词作状语的句法功能

一般情况下,语法书中对形容词是这样描述的:用来修饰和说明名词或代词,表示人或物的性质、性质和状态,其语法功能是在句中可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语,而很少或根本没有提到可以作状语。但在英语实际运用中,形容词是可以用作状语。请看2008年高考英语全国卷II单选题中有这么一道题:

After the long journey, the three of the went back home, _______.

A. hungry and tiredly

B. hungry and tired

C. hungrily and tiredly

D. hungrily and tired

正确答案是:B。该题考查的是形容词作状语,即考查了形容词(组)作状语。tired是由过去分词转化来的形容词,也称分词形容词。形容词(组)作状语通常修饰谓语动词,具有副词功能,是中学英语重难点语法项目,也是高考常考知识点。高三复习备考时归纳总结这一结构的用法,熟悉其特征,可以更好地帮助同学们提高综合运用英语知识的能力。笔者结合平时的教学就这一知识点进行了一些归纳和况结,希望对同学们有帮助。

一、作原因状语,通常位于句首。

Thirsty and eager to ger a little rest, she went into the restaurant and seated herself at a littl table by the window. (=As she was thirsty and eager to get a little rest, she went into the restaurant and ...)由于口渴,又渴望休息,她走进饭店,在靠窗的桌旁坐下。

二、作伴随状语,置于句首或句末均可。

1. The thief hid himself in the corner, afraid of being caught.小偷躲在角落里,担心被人抓住。

2. Excited and overjoyed, the children rushed to the front.孩子们又激动又欣喜地跑到了前面。

三、作让步状语,由or连接两个以上的并列形容词短语构成。可位于句首或句中。

1. Every nation, big or small, should be equal.每个国家无论大小,都应一律平等。

2. Right or wrong, I'll stand by you.无论对错,我都支持你。

四、作时间状语。

Glad,I play the guita. (=When I am glad, I play the guitar.)

五、作评注性状语,表示说话人的看法、态度和评价。

1. Curious, the result turned out that way.真奇怪,结局竟然是那样。

2. He lived there, lonely.他住在那里,很孤独。

拓展精练:

1. ______and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize. (06全国卷I)

A. Surprising

B. Surprised

C. Being surprised

D. To be surprised.

2. ______ in the mountains for a week, the two students wre finally saved by the local police. (05江苏)

A. Having lost

B. Lost

C. Being lost

D. Losing

3. After his journey from abroad, Richard Jones returned home, _____.

A. exhausting

B. exhausted

C. being exhausted

D. having exhausted

4. They returned home, _______.

A. safely and sound

B. safely and soundly

C. safe and sound

D. safe and soundly

5. To their great relief, the missing child returned home, _______, after an absence of two weeks.

A. felt tired and sound

B. tiring and soundly

C. feeling tired but soundly

D. tired but sound

高中英语语法形容词作状语

形容词作状语 形容词在句中作定语、表语和宾语补足语的情况很多,但作状语的时候也不少。女口: The bag fell on the floor and broke open.袋子掉到地上摔破了。Glad to accept the girl nodded her agreement. 这姑娘乐于接受,点头表示同意。 形容词(短语)作状语时,通常说明主语的情况,即表示主语的状态、性质、特征等,有时它和宾语的关系密切,且可位于句首、句末和句子中间,通常和句子的其它部分用逗号分开,但单个形容词可 以连在一起。 一、形容词(短语)作状语说明主语的情况,可以表示动作或状态发生的原因、方式、时间或伴随等, 或对谓语作补充说明。 1. 表示原因,但原因意义不很突出,有时是并列的。例如: Afraid of difficulty, he prefers to do the easy maths problem.他害怕困难,宁愿做容易的数学题。 Anxious for a quick decisiop our leader called for a vote.我们队长急于迅速作出决定,要求进行表 决。 2. 表示方式或伴随。例如: The lost boy spe nt three days in the forest cold and hungry.那个迷路的男孩又冷又饿地在森林中过了二天。 The moon had just risen, very golden over the hill. 月亮刚刚升起,挂在山上,十足的金黄色。 3. 形容词(短语)作状语时,它和句中谓语动词在意义上的联系不密切,只是对谓语补充说明。 Effective the first of October, our supermarket will close at eleven. 我们超市 ^一点关门,从十月一日起生

形容词可以作状语吗

【问题实例】 Your friend comes to school very upset. 你的朋友来到学校心情很不好。 句中的 upset 是状语吗?如果是的话,形容词可用作状语吗? 【问题分析】 形容词在句子中的主要作用是用作表语、定语、宾语补足语等,但有时它也可用作状语。一般说来,形容词用作状语主要表示以下用法: (1) 表示伴随(即用作伴随状语)。如: Your friend comes to school very upset. 你的朋友来到学校心情很不好。 They waited, breathless, for the result. 他们屏住呼吸等待结果。 The manager approached us full of apologies. 经理满怀歉意向我们走来。 The boy nodded, pale and scared. 男孩点点头,脸色苍白十分惊恐。 (2) 表示原因(即用作原因状语)。如: Overjoyed, she dashed out of the house. 她非常高兴,急步跑出屋去。 Curious, we looked around for other guests. 由于好奇,我们向四面看看有什么别的客人。 Greatly disappointed, he decided to leave the place. 他大为失望,决定离开这个地方。 Unable to afford bus fares, she walked to interviews. 由于没有钱坐公共汽车,她走路去参加面试。 (3) 表示结果(即用作结果状语)。如: He emerged from the accident unharmed. 他在车祸中没有受伤。 The children came home, tired and hungry. 孩子们回到家里,又累又饿。 (4) 表示让步(即用作让步状语)。如: Right or wrong, he always comes off worst in an argument because of his inability to speak coherently. 由于讲话语无伦次,所以不论有理没理,他在辩论中的表现总是非常糟糕。 Wet or fine, he got up at six and took a walk in the park. 不管是晴天还是下雨天,他总是六点钟起床,并到公园里散散步。 (5) 表示说话人的态度(即用作语法上的评注性状语,也有的语法书称之为独立成分)。如: Strange to say, he is still ignorant of it. 说也奇怪,他还不知道这件事。 More important, he’s got a steady job.更重要的是他得到了一个稳定的工作。 And most important of all, she had faith in him. 况且最重要的是,她对他有信心。 (5) 表示时间或条件(即用作时间状语或条件状语,具体需视语境而定)。如:

高中英语--名词及其短语作状语

名词及其短语作状语 名词在句子中的主要作用是充当主语、宾语、表语、补足语和定语,但作状语的情况也时有所见,请看高一英语课本例句: However, most of the time people from the two countries do not have difficulty in understanding each other. 不过,两国人听对方说话,大多数时候没有理解上的困难。 Tree after tree went down, cut down by the water, which must have been three meters deep. 树一棵接着一棵倒下,是被洪水冲断的,水肯定有三米深了。 其中,例1中的most of the time作为时间状语修饰全句,例2中的three meters修饰形容词deep. 下面分七个方面一一分析形容词作状语的情况。 1.时间名词作时间状语: 在表示时间的名词(morning, day, week, hour, month, year等)前加上修饰语this, that, next, last, every, yesterday, many, some 或数词等,该词组可以作状语修饰全句或谓语部分。例如:So when I get troubles,I’ve learned to wait three days. 因此当我有麻烦时,我学会了等三天。 In America, many students work part time in order to get the money for education. 在美国,很多学生为了挣钱上学,半工半读。 One day Chuck is on a flight across the Pacific Ocean when suddenly his plane crashes. 一天,查克飞越太平洋时,他的飞机突然坠毁。 She had not slept the whole night. 一晚上她都没睡。 The next moment the first wave swept her down, swallowing the garden. 转眼间,第一股浪头把她掀翻在地,并吞噬着花园。 The week following Christmas Day, many African-American families get together to greet the new year and think about the past. 在圣诞节后的一个星期,许多非裔美国家庭举行聚会,迎新年,思旧年。 Each time we celebrate a festival it changes a little and in that way we keep our culture alive. 每次庆祝节日都会有一点变化,这样,我们的文化发展才有生机。 Even today, the south is far behind the rest of the United States in areas such as education and economic development. 甚至到今天,南部在教育和经济发展方面仍远远落后于美国其它州。 We know that bears sleep all of the cold part of the year. 我们知道一年里最冷的时候熊都在睡。 That evening at super, Carla told her family about Important Person Day. 那天晚上吃饭时,卡拉告诉了家人“要人节”的事。 Letters were, and are, sent by some form of posted service, the history of which goes back a long way. 无论过去还是现在,信件都是由邮政部门投递的,其历史也非常悠久。 2.表示距离的名词短语作状语: One day a rich lawyer was walking through the street of the town where he lived; he was on his way to see his brother who lived some distance from his home. 一天,一位有钱的律师正在他住的城市的大街上走着,他要去看望其住所离他家有一段距离的弟弟。

高中英语---形容词及其短语作状语

形容词及其短语作状语英语中,用来作状语的,最常见的就是副词,有时候,形容词及其短语也可充当状语。形容词或形容词短语作状语,用来描述谓语动作,说明谓语动作发生的时间、原因、条件或伴随的情况,也可表示让步和结果,有时前面可以加上某些从属连词,进一步表明状语的性质。形容词或形容词短语作状语时,大多用逗号与全句分开,位置可在句首、句中或句末。 1、时间: Don’t marry young. 不要早婚。 When seriously ill, my grandmother usually drank the Chinese medicine to the very last drop . 病得严重时,奶奶每次喝中药都是喝得一滴不剩。 There is no cure available for the disease and AIDS patients have to deal with the fact that they might die young. 这种病没有切实有效的治疗方法,爱滋病病人必须面对这个事实:他们可能年纪轻轻就会死去。 Learn young, learn fair.学习趁年轻,要学就学好。 Enthusiatic, they are quite co-operative. 热心的时候他们是很合作的。 2、原因: Hungry, she hurried to the kitchen. 她感到很饿,就匆匆地去了厨房。Eager for an immediate reply, he sent me another email. 渴望立刻得到答复,他又给我发了一封电子邮件。 Sad and unhappy, cold and wet ,Lear became mad. 悲伤不快,又湿又冷,利尔疯了。 Confused and a little concerned, the minister asked, “Carl, what are you doing?”牧师感到非常纳闷,于是略带一些关心地问道:“卡尔,你在干什么?”Overjoyed, she dashed out of the house. 他非常高兴,急步跑出屋子。Strong, proud and united, the people of St Petersburg are the modern heroes of Russia. 圣彼得堡的人民坚强、自豪、团结一致,他们是当代的俄罗斯英雄。Helpless, we watched our home destroyed before our eyes. 我们束手无策,只能眼睁睁地看着自己的家园被毁掉。 Modest and easy to approach, he soon put everyone completely at ease. 他是那样谦虚、平易近人,很快使大家放松下来。

高考英语 分词作状语独立主格

分词作状语-独立主格 分词和分词短语作状语时,可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式和伴随情况。在表示时间、原因、条件、让步和方式时,通常可转换为相应的状语从句,表示方式和伴随情况时,可以转换为一个并列的谓语成分。 例如:Seeing the teacher entering the room,the students stood up.(=When the students saw the teacher entering the room,they stood up.)学生们看见老师走进房间,都站了起来。 Heated,ice will be changed into water.(=When it is heated...)当冰加热时,它就会变成水。(条件、时间) Being excited, I couldn’t go to sleep.(=As I was excited,I couldn’t go to sleep.)我兴奋得睡不着觉。(原因) I stood there, listening to the broadcast.(=I stood there and listened to the broadcast.)我站在那儿听广播。(伴随) The children went away laughing.(=The children went away.They laughed as they went.)孩子们笑着走开了。(行为方式) Knowing all this,they made me pay for the damage.(=Although they know all this...)他们尽管了解这一切,还是要我赔偿损失。 (3)分词作状语与主语的关系。 A. 现在分词作状语时,现在分词的动作就是句子主语的动作,它们之间的关系是主动关系。 例如:He went out shutting the door behind him.他出去后将门随手关上。 Not knowing what to do, he went to his parents for help.由于不知如何办是好,他去找父母帮忙。 B. 过去分词作状语时,过去分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作,它们之间的关系是被动关系。 例如:Given more attention,the trees could have grown better.如果对这些树多关心一些,它们本来会长得更好。 Faced with difficulties,we must try to overcome them.在遇到困难的时候,我们必须设法克服。 (4)分词作状语时前面可用连词。 when,while,once,if,unless,though等引导的状语从句,若其主语与主句主语相同时,可保留该副词连接词,其余部分则化简为分词短语。 例如:When (being) free,I’ll fetch you.有空时,我会来接你。 While walking along the street early in the morning,he saw her.一早在街上散步时,他看到了她。 If falling ill,I’ll see my doctor.如果生病我会去看医生。 Once completed,this power station supplies the nearby towns and villages with electricity.这个电站一旦建成,将向附近的城乡供电。 Even though given every opportunity,they would not try.即使给他们一切机会,他们也不肯试一试。 Though knowing the truth,he remained silent.虽然他知道实情,却保持沉默。 Unless (being) rich,I am not going abroad.除非有钱,要不然我是不会出国的。 (5)分词作状语时,要特别注意其逻辑主语须和谓语动词的主语一致,否则分词必须有自己的主语。这种带主语的分词结构称作分词的独立结构,或独立主格。

形容词做状语

形容词做状语 作原因状语,通常位于句首。 1.Thirsty and eager to ger a little rest, she went into the restaurant and seated herself at a littl table by the window 2.Afraid of difficulty, he prefers to do the easy maths problem. 3.Being ill, I stayed at home. 4.Lost in thought, he almost ran into the dar in front. 时间、条件状语 1.Enthusiastic, they make good students 2.Ripe, these apples are sweet 3.You had better eat vegetables fresh 作让步状语 1.Every nation, big or small, should be equal. 2.Right or wrong, I'll stand by you. 伴随状语 1.They started the experiment, hopeful for success 2.After his journey from abroad, Richard Jones returned home, exhausted 3.The lost boy spent three days in the forest cold and hungry. 4.The thief hid himself in the corner, afraid of being caught 5.Excited and overjoyed, the children rushed to the front. 有些形容词如strange, funny, curious, odd, important, surprising, remarkable等作状语时,表示的是评注性的说明是说话人的看法、态度和评价,前面可以加more或most作评注性状语,。 1.Curious, the result turned out that way.真奇怪,结局竟然是那样 2.More remarkable, he has made a breakthrough in his research. ex. 1.______, some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless A. Strangely enough B. Enough strangely C. Strange enough D. Enough strange 2. ______and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize. A. Surprising B. Surprised C. Being surprised D. To be surprised. 3.______ in the mountains for a week, the two students wre finally saved by the local police. (lost)

形容词(词组)、形容词的比较级和最高级

形容词及形容词词组 概述:形容词(adjective简称adj.或a.) 很多语言中均有的主要词类中的一种。主要用来修饰名词的词,表示事物的特征。形容词用来修饰名词或代词,表示人或事物的性质,状态,和特征。 重点:形容词的用法 难点:形容词的位置 内容: 一、形容词分类 形容词是一种开放词类,在句中主要作修饰成分。形容词主要分为单词形容词,等级形容词和非等级形容词。 1.依词的构成划分:单词形容词(One-word Adjective)和复合形容词(Compound Adjective) 由一个自由词素构成,如:boy, kind 1)单词形容词 自由词素+前(后)缀构成,如:boyish, unkind adj.+adj. red-hot 炽热的;dark-green深绿色的 adj./adv.+-ing easy-going随和的;good-looking好看的 adj./adv.+-ed new-born新生的;ready-cooked烧好的2)复合形容词n.+adj. sea-sick晕船的;ice-cold冰冷的 n.+-ing man-eating吃人的;epoch-making划时代的 n.+-ed heart-broken伤心的;ice-covered结冰的 adj.+n.+-ed gray-haired白发的;one-eyed独眼的 2. 依句法功能划分:中心形容词(Central Adjective)和外围形容词(Peripheral Adjective) 1)中心形容词:既能作名词修饰语又能作主补和宾补的形容词 e.g. Green apples are sour (作名词修饰语) Pillar-boxes are green. (作主语补语)

(完整版)动名词作状语

动词-ing做状语【学案】 (必修四第四单元语法点) 1.-ing短语在句子中可作状语,来修饰谓语动词或整个句子,表示动作发生的时间、原 因、条件、结果、让步或伴随等情况。 2. -ing短语作状语一般表示一个次要的动作,一般都可以变为相应的状语从句或并列句。 1. 作时间状语 -ing短语作时间状语要置于句首。如: Hearing the bad news, they couldn’t help crying. =When______________________, they couldn’t help crying. 当听到这个不幸的消息时,他们情不自禁地哭了起来。 Having received his letter, I decided to write back. =After_______________________, I decided to write back. 收到他的信后,我决定给他回信。 注意:当v-ing形式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前时,应使用完成式:having done _______________(finish) his homework, he rushed out to play basketball. 2. 作原因状语 -ing短语作原因状语置于句首。如:Being so angry, he couldn’t go to sleep. =Because__________________, he couldn’t go to sleep. 因为太生气了,他不能入睡。Having been to the Great Wall many times, he didn’t go last week. =_______________he had been to the Great Wall many times, he didn’t go last week. 因为 他已经去过长城许多次,上周他就没去。 3. 作条件状语 -ing作条件状语置于句首或句末。如:Working hard, you will succeed. =If______________, you will succeed. 如果你勤奋一点,你就会成功。

形容词短语用作状语

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英语中,什么是状语

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形容词作状语

形容词除了可以作定语、表语或补语外,还可以在句中作状语,具有副词的功能。形容词作状语用时,一般用逗号将其与句子的其余部分隔开。这种状语可位于句首、句末或句中。它在意义上相当于一个状语从句,具有以下语义与特征。 一、形容词或形容词短语可以作状语,表示行为方式或伴随状况。有时,它会像非限制性定语从句一样,表示意义上的增补,其逻辑主语就是句子的主语。例如: 1、 Crusoe stared at the footprint, full of fear、 (=Curose, who was full of fear, stared at the footprint、 )克鲁索两眼死盯着脚印瞧,内心里充满着恐惧。 2、 He approached us, full of apologies、 (=He, who was full of apologies, approached us、 )她连声道歉地朝我们走过来。 二、形容词或形容词短语可以作状语,表示原因。这种状语一般

位于句首,有时也可位于句中。例如: 1、 Angry at the girl oversleeping, Mr Green went down to wake her up、 (=Mr Green went down to wake up the girl because he was angry with her for oversleeping、 )格林先生下去叫醒她,就是因为她睡过了头惹恼了她。 2、 Lin Tao, glad to accept the suggestion, nodded his agreement、 (=Because he was glad to accept the suggestion, Lin Tao nodded his agreement、 ) 因为林涛很乐意接受这个建议,所以她就点头同意了。 三、形容词或形容词短语可以作状语,表示时间或条件。这种状语通常位于句首,也可位于句末。例如: 1、 Ripe, these apples are sweet、 (=When / If these apples are ripe, they are sweet、 )这些苹果熟了,味道很甜。 2、 Enthusiastic, they are quite cooperative、 (=When / If they are enthusiastic, they are cooperative、 )

2019英语名词作状语的结构及其用法语文

英语名词作状语的结构及其用法 在英语句子中,状语通常由副词或介词短语来充任。名词主要用作主语、宾语和表语等句子成分,其作状语直接修饰动词、副词、形容词等的用法经常被忽略。其实在英语的实际使用中,名词作状语很普遍。尤其是在现代英语口语中,名词作状语这一现象屡见不鲜。而大凡语法书对此谈得很少,甚至只字未提。笔者在此就英语名词作状语的结构及其用法作一肤浅归纳,以期对英语学习者有所帮助。 一、名词作状语的结构 1.名词+s 该结构中的名词主要是表示“时间”意义的名词,加上s后在句中作状语,有些词典因而把这类名词看作副词。如:hours, mornings, afternoons, evenings,nights, weekends, Mondays, Tuesdays等。这类名词主要用于美国英语。例如:We have been sitting here hours waiting for you. We worked nights at that time. Tuesdays I usually go to the library to read some magazines. I haven“ t so much to do evenings and weekends. 2.不定冠词+名词 该结构有时表达程度轻、数量少、时间短。例如: I hardly slept a wink last night.昨天晚上我连眼都没合。 Wait a minute, please! 3.不定代词+名词 不定代词some, any, all, another等加上一些表时间意义或行为方法的名词,通常在句中直接作状语。例如: He has waited some time.

形容词作状语

用形容词作状语翻译下列句子: 1.饥寒交迫,那个小女孩不住地哭泣。 2.长途国外旅行之后,他精疲力竭地回到了家。 3.他谦逊、开朗,使大家很快就一点也不紧张了。 4.在我回家的途中,我看到一个中年男子躺在路边,烂醉如泥。 5.回答不出老师的问题,学生们都保持沉默。 6.又怕又冷,时光旅游者踏上了回到现在的旅程。 1.Cold and hungry, the little girl kept crying. 2.After the long journey from abroad, he got home , tired/ tired out/worn out. 3.Modest and easy-going, he soon put everyone at ease. 4. On my way home, I saw a

middle-aged man lying by the roadside , blind drunk./ very drunk. 5.Unable to answer the teacher’s question,all the students kept silent. 6.Scared and cold, the Time Traveller starts back towards the present. Scared and cold,the Time Traveller starts back towards the present. 又怕又冷,时光旅游者踏上了回到现在的旅程。 scared, cold 是形容词作伴随状

语。表示主语实施谓语动作时伴随的状态。 He was lying in bed, awake, listening to the rushing winds. They broke into the bedroom and found the man lying on the floor, dead. Crusoe stared at the footprint, full of fear. 形容词与分词作状语的关系: 1.形容词做原因状语,有无being 区别不大:

如何区别名词作动词与名词作状语

如何区别名词作动词与名词作状语 2008-03-19 18:31 如何区别名词作动词与名词作状语 推荐在古汉语中,名词既可以活用作动词,也可以直接修饰限制动词活用作状语。如下列几例: ⑴天下云集响应,赢粮而景从 ⑵内立法度,务耕织,修守战之具 ⑶沛公欲王关中 ⑷驴不胜怒,蹄之 ⑴⑵句为名词作状语,⑶⑷句为名词作动词。如何区别呢? 对上述几句作分析可发现:⑴⑵句中加点名词(“云”“响”“景”“内”)后紧跟着的词(“集”“应”“从”“立”)都是动词,其格式为“名+ 动”;而⑶⑷句中加点名词后紧跟着的词(“关中”“之”)都不是动词。故可作这样的规律总结:符合“名+动”格式的为名词作状语,反之,则为名词作动词;换言之:看一个名词在句中是作状语还是作动词,只需看其后面有无动词,有动词,则为名词作状语,无动词则为名词作动词。如: ⑸卒廷见相如,毕礼而归之 ⑹项伯亦拔剑舞,常以身翼蔽沛公 ⑺范增数目项王 ⑻秦师遂东 ⑸⑹句符合“名+动”格式,为名词作状语;⑺⑻句为名词作动词。 需要注意的是:在“名+动”格式中,名词除了作状语,还可作主语,对此,要联系语境,看这个名词前是否另有主语,如果前面另有主语,则判定为名词作状语,反之,则为名词作动词。如: ⑼(区)寄伪儿啼 ⑽儿啼告母 ⑼句“儿”前另有主语“寄”,“啼”由主语“寄”发出,故“儿”作状语。⑽句“儿”前没有主语,“啼” 就是由“儿”发出,故“儿”作主语。再如:

⑾余自齐安舟行适临汝 ⑿舟已行矣,而剑不行 ⑾句“舟”前另有主语“余”,动作“行”由主语“余”发出,故“舟”作状语。⑿句“舟”前没有主语,动作“行”由“舟”发出,故“舟”作主语。 掌握了上述两点,就可以游刃有余,轻松判别名词作动词与动词作状语了。 练习: 指出下列句中加点词的意义及用法 1. 左右欲刃相如 2. 一狼洞其中 3. 今王鼓乐于此 4. 沛公欲王关中 5. 如平地三月花者,深山中则四月花 6. 一亩之稼,则粪溉者先芽 7. 道不通,天又大风 8. 以一头进,试使斗而才 9. 柱以白碧,砌以青玉 10. 日削月割,以趋于亡 11. 豕人立而啼 12. 谈笑间,樯橹灰飞烟灭 13. 其后,秦稍蚕食魏 14. 箕畚运于渤海之尾 15. 市中游侠儿得佳者笼养之 16. 群臣吏民能面刺寡人之过者,受上赏

英语形容词作状语完美解答

形容词作状语详解 一般情况下,语法书中对形容词是这样描述的:用来修饰和说明名词或代词,表示人或物的性质、性质和状态,其语法功能是在句中可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语,而很少或根本没有提到可以作状语。但在英语实际运用中,形容词是可以用作状语。请看2008年高考英语全国卷II单选题中有这么一道题: After the long journey, the three of the went back home, _______. A. hungry and tiredly B. hungry and tired C. hungrily and tiredly D. hungrily and tired 正确答案是:B。该题考查的是形容词作状语,即考查了形容词(组)作状语。tired是由过去分词转化来的形容词,也称分词形容词。形容词(组)作状语通常修饰谓语动词,具有副词功能,是中学英语重难点语法项目,也是高考常考知识点。高三复习备考时归纳总结这一结构的用法,熟悉其特征,可以更好地帮助同学们提高综合运用英语知识的能力。笔者结合平时的教学就这一知识点进行了一些归纳和况结,希望对同学们有帮助。 一、作原因状语,通常位于句首。 Thirsty and eager to ger a little rest, she went into the restaurant and seated herself at a littl table by the window. (=As she was thirsty and eager to get a little rest, she went into the restaurant and ...)由于口渴,又渴望休息,她走进饭店,在靠窗的桌旁坐下。 二、作伴随状语,置于句首或句末均可。 1. The thief hid himself in the corner, afraid of being caught.小偷躲在角落里,担心被人抓住。 2. Excited and overjoyed, the children rushed to the front.孩子们又激动又欣喜地跑到了前面。 三、作让步状语,由or连接两个以上的并列形容词短语构成。可位于句首或句中。 1. Every nation, big or small, should be equal.每个国家无论大小,都应一律平等。 2. Right or wrong, I'll stand by you.无论对错,我都支持你。 四、作时间状语。 Glad,I play the guita. (=When I am glad, I play the guitar.) 五、作评注性状语,表示说话人的看法、态度和评价。 1. Curious, the result turned out that way.真奇怪,结局竟然是那样。 2. He lived there, lonely.他住在那里,很孤独。 拓展精练: 1. ______and happy, Tony stood up and accepted the prize. (06全国卷I) A. Surprising B. Surprised C. Being surprised D. To be surprised. 2. ______ in the mountains for a week, the two students wre finally saved by the local police. (05江苏)

形容词和副词做状语辅导

英语中形容词的状语功能及语义特征 形容词作状语具有双重特点,既要说明其逻辑主语的性质或状态,又要说明句子中的谓语动词;可表示时间、原因、条件、方式、强调或伴随状况等意义;形容词作状语,就结构模式来说,分为不带从属连词和带有从属连词二种。 形容词作状语实际上是一种省略结构。形容词结构既有限定动词词组也没有非限定动词词组作谓语动词。因此,它既不同于限定分句,也不同于非限定分句。基本上属于SVO(主-动-补)句型,只是动词不表现出来,主语也通常不表现出来。形容词作状语时,一般用逗号将其与句子的其余部分分开。位置也相对灵活,可位于句首、句末或句中。本文从形容词作状语的结构模式、句法功能、语义特征等方面做一些简单探讨。 一、形容词作状语的结构模式 形容词作状语,就结构模式来说,分为不带从属连词和带有从属连词两种。 1.不带从属连词结构 (1)单个形容词结构 ① Curious,we look around for other guests.由于好奇,我们向四面看看还有什么别的客人。 ②The hours passed fitfully ,as I lay awake thinking and praying.时间过得断断续续,那晚我时醒时睡,当我醒着时就思考和祈祷。 (2)并列形容词结构 ①She was an elderly woman, sensible and trustworthy.她是一个明智的、值得信赖的妇女。 ②Large or small, all countries are equal.国家无论大小都应一律平等。 ③Finally, tired but happy, they took the bus back to school.最后,他们疲惫而又高兴地坐车回到了学校。 (3)形容词词组作状语 ①Afraid of difficulties, they prefer to take the easy road.他们由于怕困难,宁愿走容易的道路。 ②Unable to find words to express themselves, they silently grasped our hands.由于找不到话来表达自己的感情,他们紧紧握住我们的手。 ③Glad that school was finished, the students ran out of the room.一放学,学生都高兴地冲出了教室。 ④Pulling off my apron, I rushed to the hospital, heedless of the cold and snow.我解下围裙,朝医院奔去,没有感觉到天气的寒冷和下着雪。 2.带有从属连词结构 (1)She spares no detail, whether good or bad, and honestly depicts the kind of life lived by many Chinese in the last half century.事情无论好坏,她均记述详尽,她忠实地写出来许多中国人在半个世纪中的生活。 (2)Although always helpful, he was not much liked by people.虽然他老师帮助别人,还是得不到人们的喜欢。

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