搜档网
当前位置:搜档网 › unit6 and unit 7 原文及翻译

unit6 and unit 7 原文及翻译

unit6 and unit 7 原文及翻译
unit6 and unit 7 原文及翻译

Unit 6 How to make a book

You know you have to read “between the lines” to get the most out of anything. I want to persuade you to do something equally important in the course …of your reading. I want to persuade you to “write between the lines.” Unless yo u do, you are not likely to do the most efficient kind of reading.

你知道读书要“深入字里行间”,以求最充分的理解。我劝你在读书过程中做一件同样重要的事情。我想劝你“在字里行间写字”。不这样做,你的读书就不可能是最有效的。

you shouldn?t mark up a book which isn?t yours.Librarians (or your friends )who lend you books expect you to keep them clean, and you should. If you decide that I am right about the usefulness of marking books, you will have to buy them.

你不应该在不是你自己的书上做记号。借给你书的管理员(或你的朋友)希望你保持书的整洁,再说你也应该这样做。如果你认为我说的在书山做记号颇有益处这番话是对的话,你就得自己买书。

There are two ways in which one can own a book. The first is the property right you establish by paying for it, just as you pay for clothes and furniture. But this act of purchase is noly the prelude to possession. Full ownership comes only when you have made it a part of yourself, and the best way to make yourself a part of it is by writing in it. An illustration may make the point clear. You buy a beefsteak and transfer it from the butcher?s icebox to your own. But you do not own the beefsteak in the most important sense until you consume it and get it into your bloodstream. I am arguing that books, too, must be absorbed in your bloodstream to do you any good.

一个人拥有书的方法有两种,第一种是花钱取得财产所有权,就像你花钱买衣服和家具一样。但花钱买书只是占有它的前奏。只有在你将它化为你自己的一部分之后,你才完全占有了它。而把你变为书的一部分的最好方法就是在书中写字。打个比方可以把这一点说清楚。你买下一块牛排,把它从肉铺的冰箱里转移到你的冰箱中。但从最重要的意义上来说,你还没有占有它,除非你吃下它并将它吸收进你的血液之中。我的论点是,书的营养也只有在被吸收进你的血液中时,才能对你有所裨益。

There are three kinds of book owners. The first has all the standard sets and best-sellers-unread, untouched.(This individual owns wood pulp and ink, not books.) The second has a great many books-a few of them read through, most of them dippen into, but all of them as clean and shiny as the day they were bought.(This person would probably like to make books his own, but is restrained by a false respect for their physical apperance.) the third has a few books or many-every one of them dog-eared and dipapidated, shaken and lossened by continual use, marked and scribbled in from front to back.( This man owns books.)

书记拥有者可以分为三种。第一种人藏有全部标准的成套书和畅销书——既没有度过,也没有碰过。(这位占有的只是纸浆和油墨,而不是书。)第二种人藏书很

多——有几本从头至尾读过,大部分浅尝辄止,但全部跟新买时一样整洁光亮。(此君很可能想使书真的为其所有,但因错误地过分关注书籍的外观而裹足不前。)第三种藏书或多或少——因不断使用,每本书都弄成书角卷起,破旧不堪,装订破损,书页松散,全书从扉页至末页画满了记号,涂满了字句。(此人是书的真正拥有者。)

Is it false respect, you may ask, to preserve intact a beautifully printed book, an elegantly bound edition? Of course not. I?d no more scriblle all over a first edition of “Paradise Lost” than I?d guve my baby a set of crayon and an original Rembrandt! I wouldn?t mark upa painting or a statue. Its soul, so to speak, is inseparable from its body. And the beauty of a rare edition or of a richy manufactured volume is like that of a painting or a statue. If your respect for mangnigicent binding or printing tets in the way, buy yourself a cheap edition and pay your respects to the author.

你或许会问,将一本印刷精美、装帧雅致的书保存完好,难道也是不恰当的吗?当然不是。我绝不会在一本初版的《失乐园》上乱涂乱写,就像我不会把一幅伦勃朗的原作连同一盒蜡笔交给我的婴孩任意涂抹一样!我绝不会在一幅油画或一尊塑像上画记号。可以说,它们的灵魂与其躯体是不可分开的。一部珍本或一本装帧华美的书的美,同一幅油画或一尊塑像的没是一样的。如果你对华美的装帧或印刷的尊重妨碍你读书,那就买一种便宜的版本,将你的敬意献给作者。Why is marking up a book indispensable to reading? First, it keeps you awake.(And I don?t mean merely consdious;I mean wide awake.) In the second place, reading, if it is active, if thinking, and thinking tends to express itself in words, spoken or written. The marked book is usually the thought-through book. Finally, Writing helps you remember the thoughts you had, or the thoughts the author expressed. Let me develop these three points.

为什么在书上做记号对阅读是必不可少的呢?首先,它会使你保持清醒。(我不是仅仅指它让你神志清醒;我的意思是它使你全神贯注。)其次,如果阅读是一种能动的行为,那么它就是思考,而思考常常需要借助口头的或书面的语言来表达。作了记号的书,通常是读者认真思考过的书。最后,写可以帮助你记住阅读时的思想,或作者所表达的思想。让我进一步就这三点谈一谈。

If reading is to accomplish anything more than passing time, it must be active.

如果阅读的目的不仅仅是消磨时间,那就应该是一种积极的思维活动。

You can?t let your eyes glide across the lines of a book and come up with an understanding of what you have read. Now an ordinary piece of light fiction, like, say, “Gone with the Wind,” doesn?t require the most active kind of reading. The books you read for pleasure can be read in a state of relaxation, and nothing is lost. But a great book, rich in ideas and beauty, a book that raises and tries to answer great fundamental questions, demands the most active reading of which you are capable. You don?t absorb the ideas of John Dewey the way you absorb the crooning of Mr. Vallee. You have to reach for them. That you cannot do

while you?re asleep.

仅仅让你的眼睛在树上扫视一遍,你就不可能对所读的内容有所了解。当然,一部普通的消遣小说,譬如说《飘》,并不需要那种最积极的思维式的阅读。作为消遣的书,可以轻松地读而不会有所失。但一本思想丰富、文字华美,试图提出带根本性的重大问题并加以回答的伟大著作,则要求你尽可能地进行最积极的阅读。你不能像欣赏瓦利先生吟唱那样,学到约翰·杜威的思想。你得话费力气方可获得。漫不经心是做不到这一点的。

If , when you?ve finished reading a book, the pages are filled with your notes, you know that you read actively. The most famous active reader of great books I know is President Hutchins, of the University of Chicago. He also has the hardest schedule of business activities of any man I know. He invariably reads with a pencil, and sometimes, when he picks up a book and pencil in the evening, he finds himself, instead of making intelligent notes, drawing what he calls “caviarfactories” on the margins. When that happens, he puts the book down. He knows he?s too tired to r ead, and he?s just wasting time.

如果当你读完一本书的时候,书页上写满了你的批注,你就知道你的阅读是积极的了。我所知道的最有名的采用积极方式阅读伟大著作的人,是芝加哥大学的校长哈钦斯。他也是我所知道的公务最繁忙的人。他读书时总是拿着铅笔。有时,当他在晚上拿起书和铅笔的时候,发觉自己不是在做有意义的笔记,而是页边空白处画些他称之为“鱼子酱工厂”的东西,一出现这种情况,他就放下书本。他知道自己太累,读不下去了,完全是在浪费时间。

But, you may ask, why is writing necessary? Well, the physical act of writing, with your own hand, brings words and sentences more sharply before your mind and preserves them better in your memory. To set down your reaction to important words and sentences you have read, and the questions they have raised in your mind, is to preserve those reactions and sharpen those questions. You can pick up the book the following week or year, and theere are all your points of agreement, disagreement, doubt and inquiry. It?s like resuming an int errupted conversaion with the advantage of being able to pick up where you left off.

但是,你或许会问,写又何必要呢?要知道,亲手书写的动作会使词语和句子更加鲜明地呈现在你的脑海里,更好地储存在你的记忆中。将你对所读的重要词语和句子的感受写下来,将他们在你脑子里引起的问题记下来,就可以将这些感受长久保存下来,并可以使那些问题更加明确起来。当你下周或来年重新拿起这本书的时候,你的各种观点,同意的、反对的、怀疑的、质询的,统统一目了然。这如同谈话一度被打断,现在又可以在上次停下的地方接着谈下去了。

And that is exactly what reading a book should be: a conversation between you and the author. Presumably he knows more about the subject than you do; naturally you?ll have the proper humility as you approach him. But don?t let anybody tell you that a reader is supposed to be solely on the receiving end. Understanding is a two-way operation; learning doesn?t consist in being an empty receptacle. The learner has to

question himself and question the teacher. He even has to argue with the teacher, once he understands what the teacher is saying. And marking a book literally an expression of your differences, or agreements of opinion, with the author.

读书就该这么个读法:你同作者应进行对话。很可能作者在有关问题上比你懂得多,你接近他的时候表示适度的谦恭是很自然的。但不要轻信他人,以为读者只有全盘接受的份儿。理解是一种双向活动。一旦理解了教师所讲的内容,他甚至还得与教师展开争论。而在书上做记号,实际上就是表达你赞同或不赞同作者观点的一种方式。

There are all kinds of decices formarking a book intellignetly and fruitully. Here is the way I do it:

在书上做记号,有各种各样好的、行之有效的方法。现将我的做法叙述如下:

1. underlining: of major points, of important of forceful

statements.

2. vertical lines at the margin: to emphasize a

statement already underlined.

3. Star, asterisk, or other doo-dad at the margin: to be

used sparingly, to emphasize the ten or twenty most

important statements in the book.

4. Numbers in the margin: to indicate the sequence of

points the author makes in developing s single

argument.

5. Numbers of other pages in the margin: to indicate

where else in the book the author made points

relevant to the point marked; to tie up the ideas in a

book, which, though they may be separated by many

pages, belong together.

6. Circling of key words or phrases.

7. Writing in the margin, or at the top or bottom of the

page , for the sake of :recording questions (and

perhaps anwers) which a passage raised in your

mind; reducing a acomplicated discussion to a

simple statement; recording the sequence of major

points right through the book. I use the end-papers

at the back of the book to make apersonal index of

the author?s points in the order of their appearance.

1. 在文字下面划线:划出主要论点及重要的或者有力的论述.

2. 在页边空白划竖线:强调划线论述部分

3. 在页边空白处画五星或六星记号,或其他小符号:这种记号宜珍惜

着用。可用来强调书中十处或二十处最重要的论述。

4. 在页边空白处写数字:表明作者展开一个论据的各点顺序。

5. 在页边空白处写其他页的页码:标明作者在本书其他地方缩写的与

本论点有关的论点,也可以通过这一办法将书中虽分散各处,但密

切有关的观点联系起来。

6. 在关键字眼或短语上画圆圈。

7. 在页边空白处或上下两端加批注:其目的是记下某段文章在你脑子

里引起的问题(也许还有答案);简要记下复杂的论述;记录贯串全

书的一系列的重要论点。我利用书末的衬页将作者的观点按出现的

先后次序编成一个索引。

The front end-papers aare, to me , the most important. Some people reserve them for a fancy bookplate. I reserbe them for fancy thinking. After I have finished reading the book and making my personal index on the back end-papers, I turn to the front and try to outline the book, not page by page, or point by point(I?ve already done that at the back), but as an integrated structure, with a basic unity and an order of parts. This outline is, to me, the measure of my understanding of the work.

书前的衬页对我来说是最重要的。有些人将它们留作贴花哨的藏书票用。我将它们留作奇思异想的天地。在我读完一本书并在卷尾衬页上做好我的个人索引之后,我便翻到卷首,试着将全书作一概述,不是逐页地或逐点地进行(那个我在卷尾已经做了),而是作为一个整体,基本上前后连贯,各部分排列有序。对我来说,这个概述表明了我对该著作理解的程度。

Unit 7

I caught sight of her at the play, and in answer to her beckoning I went over during the interval and sat down beside her. It was long since I had last seen her, and if someone had not mentioned her name I hardly think I would have recognised her. She addressed me brightly.

我是在看戏的时候见到她的。幕间休息时,我应她的招呼走了过去,在她旁边坐下。我上次见到她已经是很久以前的事了,要不是有人提起她的名字,我想我几乎会认不出她来。她兴致勃勃地跟我谈了起来。

“Well, it?s many years since we first met. How time does fly! We?re none of us getting any younger. Do you remember the first time I saw you? You asked me to luncheon.”

“瞧,自从我们初次相见已经好多年了。真是光阴似箭啊!我俩都不年轻啦。你还记得我初次见到你吗?你请我吃的午餐。”

Did I rember?

我能不记得吗?

It was twenty years ago and I was living in Paris. I had a tiny apartment in the Latin Quarter oberlooking a cementery, and I was earning barely enough money to keep body and soul together. She had read a book of mine and had written to me about it. I answered, thanking her, and jpresently I received from her another letter saying that she was passing through Paris and would like to have a chat with me; but her time was limited, and the only free moment she had was on the following Thursday; she was spending the morning at the Luxembourg and would I give her a little luncheon at Foyot?s afterwards? Foyot?s is a restaurant at which the French senators eat, and it was so far beyond my means that I had never

even thought of going there. But I was flattered, and I was too young to have learned to say no to a woman.(Few men, I may add, learn this until they are too old to make it of any consequence to a woman what they say.) I had eighty francs(gold francs)to last me the rest of the month, and a modest luncheon should not cost more than fifteen. If I cut out coffee for the next two weeks I could manage well enough.

那是20年前的事了,当时我住在巴黎。我在拉丁去租了一套小小的公寓,从那里往下看去是一个公墓。我挣的钱只够勉强维持生活。她读过的一本书,并曾跟我写信谈论该书。我回信向她致谢。随即我又收到她的一封信,说她路过巴黎,想跟我谈谈。但她的时间有限,只有下星期四有空。那天上午,她要去卢森堡宫,问我是不是愿意中午请她在福音约餐厅吃顿便饭。福音约餐厅是法国参议员光顾的地方,去那儿吃饭远远超过我经济能力。所以以前想都没有想过。但我当时受宠若惊,况且年纪太轻,还没有学这一招,而到他们学会时,往往年事已高,他们说什么对女人来讲已经无足轻重了。)我当月的生活费还有80法郎,一顿便餐花不了15法郎。如果我下两个星期不喝咖啡,还是满可以对付过去的。

I answered that I would meet my friend-by correspondence-at Foyot?s on Thursday at half past twelve. She was not so young as I expected and in appearance imposing rather than attractivel She was, in fact, a woman of forty(a charming age, but not one that excites a sudden and deastating passion at first sight), and she gave me the impression of having more teeth, white and large and even, than were necessary for any practical purpose. She was talkative, but since she seemed inclined to talk about me I was prepared to be an attentive listener.

我回信说,我将于下星期四十二点半在福伊约餐厅会见我的朋友。她并不如我想象的那么年轻。她的外表与其说美貌动人,毋宁说丰腴魁伟,气概非凡。实际上,她已经有40岁了(这是一个有魅力的年龄,但不是初次相见就能令你激情迸发、神魂颠倒的那种年纪),长着一口洁白整齐的大牙齿,给我的印象是,其数目之多已超过了实际需要。她很健谈,不过因为她想谈的话题似乎总是关于我的事,所以我便洗耳恭听。

I was startled when the bill of fare was brought, for the prices were a great deal higher than I had anticipated. But she reassered me.

菜单拿来时,我大吃一惊。价格比我预料的要高出许多。但她的话使我宽了心。

“ I never eat anything for luncheon”

我午餐从不吃什么东西,她说

“Oh, don?t say that!” I answered generously

“哦,可别这么说!”我慷慨地回答。

“I never eat more than one thing. I t hink people eat far too much nowadays. A little fish, perhaps. I wonder if they have any salmon.”

“我从来只吃一道菜。我认为i现在人们吃得太多。或许来电鱼还行。我不知道他们有鲑鱼没有。”

Well, it was early in the year for salmon and it was not on the bill of fare, but I asked the waiter if there was any. Yes, a beautiful salmon had just come in, it was the first they had had. I ordered it for my guest. The waiter

asked her if she would have something while it was being cooked.

啊,吃鲑鱼的季节还没有到,菜单上也没有,但是我还是问了侍者。有,刚刚进了一条头等鲑鱼,这是他们今年第一次进这种货。我为客人叫了一份。侍者问她在鲑鱼烹制的当儿,要不要吃点别的。

“no,”she answered, “I never eat more than one thing. Unless you have a little caviare. I never mind caviare.”

“不要”她回答说,“我向来只吃一道菜,除非你有鱼子酱。鱼子酱我是从不拒绝的。”

My heart san a little. I knew I could not afford caviare, but could not very well tell her that. I tould the waiter by all means to bring caviare. For myself I chose the cheapest dish on the menu and that was a mutton chop.

我的心微微一沉。我知道我是吃不起鱼子酱的,但我不便跟她只说,我吩咐侍者五笔拿鱼子酱来。我自己则点了菜单上最便宜的一个菜,这就是羊排。

“I think you are unwise to eat meat,” she said. “ I don?t know how you can expenct to work after eating heavy things like chops. I don?t believe in overloading my stomach.”

“我看你吃肉是不明智的,”她说。“我不知道你吃了羊排这种油腻的东西后还怎么工作。我不赞成把肚子撑得太饱。”

Then came the question of drink.

接着而来的是饮料问题

“I never drink anything for luncheon,” she said.

“我午餐从不喝饮料,”她说。

“Neither do I,”I answered promptly.

“我也是如此,”我马上答道。

“Except white wine,”she proceeded as though I had not spoken. “These French white wines are so light. They?re wonderful for the digestion.”

“但白葡萄酒例外,”她接着说,就好像我刚才没说似的。“法国的白葡萄酒非常清淡,十分有助消化。”

“What would you like?” I asked, hospitable still, but not exactly effusive.

“你想喝点什么?”我依然客气地问道,但算不上热情。

She gave me a bright and amicable flash of her white teeth.

她嫣然一笑,露出一口白牙。

“My doctor won?t let me drink anything but champane.”

“我的医生只让我喝香槟。”

“I fan cy I turned a trifle pale. I ordered half a bottle. I mentioned casually that my doctor had absolutely forbidden me to drink champagne.”

我猜想我的脸色一定有点发白了。我要了半瓶,顺便提及我的医生绝对禁止我和香槟酒。

“what are you going to drink, then?”

“water.”

She ate the caviare and she ate the salmon, She talked taily of art and literature and music. But I wondered what the bill would come to. When my mutton chop arrived she took me quite seriously to task.

“那你喝什么呢?”水

她吃了鱼子酱,又吃鲑鱼。她想搞彩烈,大谈艺术、文学、音乐。但我心里却在嘀咕,不知这顿饭要花多少钱。当我的羊排上来时,她一本正经地教训起我来。

“I see that you?re in the habit of eating a heavy luncheon. I?m sure it?s a mistake.Why don?t you follow my example and just eat one thing? I?m sure you?d feel ever so much better for it.”

“我看你习惯中午吃得很多。我肯定这样不好,你为什么不效法我的样子,只吃一道菜呢?我相信那样你会感觉好得多。”

“I am only going to eat one thing,”I said, as the waiter came again with the bill of fare.

“我是打算只吃这一道菜,”我说。这时侍者又拿着菜单走了过来。

She waved him aside with an airy gesture.

她轻轻地一挥手,让他走开。

“No, no, I never eat anything for luncheon,Just a bite, I never want more than that, and I eat that more as an excuse for conbersation than anything else. I couldn?t possibly eat anything more unless they had some of those aiant asparagus. I should be sorry to leave Paris without habing some of them.”

“我可不这样,我午餐从不吃东西。要吃,也只是稍许吃一点,从不多吃。而我吃这么一点,主要也是为了借此机会闲谈而已。我可不能再吃什么东西了,除非他们有那种大芦笋。到了巴黎,不吃点芦笋,那就太遗憾了。”

My heart sank. I had seen them in the shops, and I knew that they were horribly expensive.My mouth had often watered at the sight of them.

我的心一沉。我曾经在店里见过芦笋,我知道它贵得可怕。过去我每见芦笋,常常馋涎欲滴。

“Madame wants to know if you have any of those giant asparagus,”I asked the waiter.

“夫人想知道你们有没有那种芦笋,”我问侍者

I tried with all my might to will him so say no. A happy smile spread over his broad, priest-like face, and he assured me that they had some so large, so splendid, so tender, that it was a marvel.

我竭尽全力想使他说没有。他拿张宽阔的教士的脸上展露出愉快的笑容,他用肯定的语气对我说,他们有又大、又好、又嫩的芦笋,简直是罕见的珍品。

“I?m not in the least hungry,”my guest sighed, “but if you insist I don?t mind having some asparagus.”

I ordered them.

“Aren?t you going to have any?”

“No,I never eat asparagus.”

“I know there are jpeople who don?t like them. The fact is , you ruin

your taste by all the meat you eat.”

“我一点也不饿,”我的客人叹道,“不过如果你执意要请我吃,我也不反对吃点芦笋。”

我点了这道菜。

“你不吃点吗?”

“不,我从不吃芦笋。”

“我知道有人不喜欢芦笋。事实是,你吃肉太多,伤了胃口。”

We waited for the asparagus to e cooked Panic seizedme. It was not a quesetion now how much money I should have left over for the rest of the month, but whether I had enough to pay the bill. It would be embarrassing to find myself ten francs short and be obliged to borrow from my guest. I could not bring myself to do that. I knew exactly how much I had, and if the bill came to more I made up my mind that I would put my hand in my pocket and with a dramatic cry start up and say it had been picked. Of ourse, it would be awkward if she had not money enouth either to pay the bill. Then the only thing would be to leave my watch and say I would come back and pay later.

我们等着芦笋制好送上来。我土壤惊恐起来。现在的问题已不是我还能剩下几个钱来维持这个月的生计了,而是我的钱够不够付账。要是我差十法郎,不得不向客人借钱的话,那就太难堪了。我可做不出那样的事来。身边到底有多少钱,我心里有底,倘若账单超过了这个数字,我就决心这么办:伸手往口袋里一摸,随即故意惊叫一声,跳起来说钱给小偷扒了,当然,如果她的钱也不够付账的话,那就尴尬了。那样,唯一的办法就是将我的手表留下,言明以后再来付。The asparagus appeared. They were enormous, juicy, and appetising. I watched the wicked woman thrust them down her throat in large mouthfuls, and in my polite way I splke about the condition of the drama in the Balkans. At last she finished.

芦笋端上来了。又大计又多,令人唇线不止。我一面看着这个邪恶的女人大口大口地将芦笋往肚里塞,一面彬彬有礼地谈论着巴尔干半岛戏剧界的现状。她终于吃完了。

“coffee?”I said.

“Yes, just an ice-cream and coffee,” she answered.

I was past caring now, so I ordered coffee for myself and an ice-cream and coffee for her.

“You know, there?s one thing I thoroughly believe in,” she said, as she ate the ice-cream.One should slways get up from a meal feeling one could eat a little more.”

“喝点咖啡?”我说。

“好,就来一客冰淇林咖啡吧,”她回答说。

到这时,我什么也不在乎了,为自己叫了咖啡,为她叫了一客冰激凌和咖啡。“你知道,我坚信一点,”她边吃冰激凌边说道。“当一个人吃完一顿饭站起来时,他应该感到还没有吃的十分饱。”

“Are you sill hungry?” I asked faintly.

“你还饿吗?”我有气无力地问道。

“Oh, no, I?m not hungry; you see, I don?t eat luncheonl I have a cup of coffee in the morning and then dinner, but I never eat more than one thing for luncheon. I was speaking for you.”

“噢,不,我不饿。你知道,我不吃午餐。我早晨一杯咖啡,然后到晚上用餐,但我午餐向来最多只吃一道菜。适才我这样说是为了你啊。”

“Oh, I see.”

Then a terrible thing happened. While we were waiting for the coffee the head waiter, with an ingratiating smile on his false face, came up to us bearing a large basket full of huge peaches. They had the blush of an innocent girl;they had the rich tone of an Italian landscape. But surely peaches were not in season then? Lord knew what they cost. I knew too- a little later, for my guest, going on with her conversation, absentmindedly took one.

接着,发生了一件可怕的事情。当我们在等咖啡的时候,那个领班侍者,带着满脸奉承的笑容,拎来满满一大篮子特大的桃子,红得酷似天真少女的脸蛋,其色调之瑰丽犹如一幅意大利风景画。当时桃子肯定还没有到上市季节,只有上帝小的买它们得花多少价钱。不过很快我也晓得了,因为我的客人一边说着话,一边心不在焉地拿了一只。

“You see, you?ve filled your stomach with a lot of meat”-my one miserable little chop-“and you can?t eat any more. But I?ve just had a snack and I shall enjoy a peach.”

“你看,你已经塞了一肚子肉,”——她是指我那可怜的一小块羊排——“不能再吃什么了。而我只不过来了点小吃,我还可以再品尝一只桃子。”

The bill came, and when I paid it I found that I had noly enough for a quite inaduquate tip. Her eyes rested for an instant on the three francs I left for the waiter, and I knew that she thought me mean. But when I walked out of the restaurant I had the whole month before me and not a penny in my pocket.

账单来了。付过账后,我发现剩下的钱连付点像样的消费都不够了。她的目光在我留给侍者的三个法郎上停了一会儿,我知道她会觉得我是个吝啬鬼。可是等走出餐厅,我面临着的将是整整一个月的开销要支付,而口袋里却分文俱无。

“Follow my example,” she said as we shook hands, “and never eat more than one thing for luncheon.”

“你学学我,”我边握手边说道,“午餐顶多只吃一道菜。”

“I?ll do better than that,” I retorted. “I?ll eat nothing for dinner tonight.”

“我会做得更好,”我回敬道,“我今晚什么也不吃了。”

“Humorist!”she cried gaily, jumping into a cab. “You?re quite a humorist!”

“幽默家!”她得意洋洋地大声说着,跳上了一辆马车。“你是个十足的幽默家!”

But I have had my revenge at last. I do not believe that I am a vindictive man, but when the immortal gods take a hand in the matter it is pardonable to observe the result with complacency. Today she weighs twenty-one stone.

但是我终于报了仇。我自认不是一个爱报复的人,但是竟连不朽的众神也被触怒而不干预其事时,我怀着心满意足的心情目睹这个结局,想必也是可以原谅的了。现今她的体重已达二十一英石(二百九十四磅)。

The new caves

During the ice ages, human beings exposed to the colder temperatures of the time would often make their homes in caves. There they found greater comfort and security than they would have in the open.

在冰河时代,人类当时面临较为寒冷的气温,常常在洞穴里安家。他们发现在洞里生活要比在野外更舒服,更安全。

We still live in caves called houses,again for comfort and security. Virtuallly no one would willingly sleep on the ground under the stars. Is it possible that someday we may seek to add further to our comfort and security by building our houses underground- in new, manmade caves?

我们现今仍然住在被称作房子的洞穴里,目的还是为了舒适和安全。事实上,没有人愿意露宿在星空下的野地里。会不会有朝一日为了更加舒适和安全起见,我们把房屋建造在底下——建造在新的人造洞穴里呢?

It may not seem a palatable suggestion, at first thought. We have so many evil associations with the underround. In our myths and legends, the underground is the realm of evil spirits and of the dead , and is often the location of an aferlife of torment.( This may be because dead bodies are buried underground, and because volcanic eruptions make the underground appear to be a hellish place of fie and noxious gases.) 乍一想来,这一建议似乎并不可取。说起地下,我们会产生许多多不愉快的联想。在神话和传说里,地下是魔鬼和亡灵的世界,它常常是人们死后遭受折磨的地方。(这可能因为尸体总是埋在地下的缘故,而火山爆发又给人们一种印象,似乎地下充满着火与毒气,如同地狱一般。)

Yet there are advantages to underground life, too, and something to be said for imagining whole cities,even mankind generally, moving downward; of having the outermost mile of the Earth?s crust honeycombed with passages and structures,like a gigantic ant hill.

然而生活在地下也有其有利之处,设想将整座城市,乃至全人类搬入地下是有一定的道理的。如果将地壳最表层一英里厚的地方筑满通道和建筑物,就像一个巨大的蚁冢,这会给人类带来各种好处。

First, weather would no longer be important, since it is primarily a phenomenon of the atmosphere. Rain, snow, sleet, fog would not trouble the undergroundworld. Even temperature variations are limited to the open surface and would not exist underground. Whether day or night, summer or winter, temperatures in the underground world would remain equable and nearly constant. The vast amounts of energy now expended in warming our surface surroundings when they are too cold, and cooling them when they are too warm, could ve saved. The damage done

to manmade structures and to human beings by weather would be gone. Transportation over lacal distances would be simplified. (Earthquakes would remain a danger, of course.)

首先,气候将变得无关紧要,因为它主要是大气层的一种现象。雨、雪、?、雾将不会给地下世界带来麻烦。甚至气温的变化也局限于露天地表,而在地下则不存在这种变化。不论白天黑夜,炎夏寒冬,地下世界的温度将保持平稳,近乎恒温。如今,当我们的地表环境太冷时,则需要取暖,而太暖时,又需降温,耗费大量的能量。若搬到地下生活,则统统可以省去。天气对人造的建筑物以及人类本身的损害将不复存在。地区性的交通问题也将大为简化。(当然,地震将依然是个危险。)

The whole world could be on eight-hour shifts, starting and ending on the stroke everywhere, at least as far as business and community endeavors were concerned. This could be important in a freely moble world. Air transportation over long distances would no longer have to entail “jet lag.” Indibiduals landing on another coast or another contin ent would find the society they reached geared to the same time of day as at home.

整个世界都可以实行8小时轮班制,各地都可能做到同时上班,同时下班,至少公务活动和社会活动可以如此。这对于一个自由流动的社会来说极为重要。乘飞机长途旅行将不会再引起“时差反应”。抵达大洋彼岸或另一片大陆的人会发现他们所到的那个社会和自己家乡一样都是按照同一时间运行的。

Third, the ecological structure could be stabilized. To a certain extent, mankind encumbers the Earth. It is not only his enormous numbers that take up room; more so, it is all the structures he builds to house himself and his machines, to make possible his transportation and communication , to offer him rest and recreation. All these things distort the wild, depribing many species of plants and animals of their natural habitat- and sometimes, inboluntarily, favoring a few, such as rats and roaches.

第三,生态结构将会稳定下来。在一定程度上,人类拖累了地球。这不仅仅是指众多的人口占据了地球的空间,更多的是指人类为住家和安装机器构筑的房子,为交通运输、为休息、娱乐建造的各种设施。这一切致使荒野面目全非,剥夺了许多种动植物栖息、生长的天然场所——有时候,无意中还促进了诸如老鼠和蟑螂之类的某些生物的繁衍。

If the works of man were removed below grund-and, mind you, below the level of the natural world of the burrowing animals- man would still occupy the surface with his farms, his forestry, his observation towers, his air terminals and so on, but the extent of that occupation would be enormously decreased. Indeed , as one imagines the underground world to become increasingly elaborate, one can visualize much of the food supply eventually deribing from hydroponic growth in artificially illuminated areas underground. The Earth?s surface might be increasingly turned over to park and to wilderness, maintained at ecological stability.

如果人类的建筑物都搜到地下——请注意,要搬到穴居动物生活的地层以下——人类仍将占据地球表面,种地、植林、造了望台和航空站等等,但占有的程度将大大减少。的确,可以想见随着地下世界变得越来越来精巧复杂,大部分食物将最终来自地下人工照明地区的水栽生物。地球表面有可能越来越多地让位于公园和荒野,从而得以维持生态平衡稳定。

Fourth, nature would be closer. It might seem that to withdraw underground is to withdraw from the natural world, but would that e so? Would the withdrawal be more complete than it is now, when so many people work in city bukldings that are often windowless and artificially conditioned? Even where there aare windows, what is the prospect one views(if one bothers to )but sun, sky, and buildings to the horizon-plus some limited greenery?

第四,人们与自然的距离将会缩短。退到地下,看起来似乎是远离了自然界,,但果真如此吗?现今,这么多人在城市的建筑物内工作,那里常常没有窗户,而靠人工调节一切。即便有窗户,你又能看到什么呢(如果你肯飞信看一看的话)?无非是太阳,天空,以及一直伸展到天边的建筑物——外加一点有限的绿色草木而已。搬到地下以后,与自然界隔绝的情况还会胜过于此吗?

And to get away from the city now? To reach the real countrycide? One must travel horizontally for miles ,first across city pavements and then across suburban sprawls.

现在你想离开城市吗?到真正的乡村去吗?你必须旅行数英里,先得走过城市街道,然后还得走过郊区杂乱无章的建筑群。

In an underworld culture, the countryside would be right there, a few hundred yards above the upper level of the cities-wherever you are. The surface would have to be protected from too frequent, or too intense, or too careless bisiting, but however carefully restricted the upward trips might be, the chances are that the dwellers of the new caves would see more greenery ,under ecologically healthier conditions, than dwellers of surface cities do today.

在地下世界文化中,乡村就在城市上面几百码远的地方——不管你在那里都是这样。地表当然必须得到保护,不允许过分频繁地、过分集中地、或过分随便地参观访问,但不管对向上的旅行作出多么认真的限制,新洞穴里的居民们将有可能比今天地面城市的居民在更为健康的生态环境下生活,并见到更多的青枝绿叶。

However odd and repulsive underground living may seem at first thought, there are things to be siad for it-and I haven?t even said them all.

尽管地下生活乍想起来多么的奇怪和不那么令人喜欢,它的好处可以举出好多——而我在这里只不过是略说一二。

人教版高中英语选修7课文翻译

第一单元好好生活 马蒂的故事 你好。我叫马蒂.菲尔丁。我想你可能会说我是“百万人中才有一个”的那种人。换句话说,世界上像我这样的人并不多见。你瞧,我的肌肉有毛病,使我的身体非常虚弱,所以我不能像别人那样快跑或快步爬楼梯。再说,有时候我还会笨手笨脚、不小心摔掉东西,或磕碰到家具上。不幸的是,大夫们不知道如何治好我的病,但是我很开朗乐观,学会了适应身体的残疾。我的座右铭是:活一天算一天。 十岁以前,我跟其他人是一样的。我常常爬树、游泳、踢足球。说实在的,我过去常常梦想我会成为职业球员,代表我们的国家参加世界杯足球赛。后来,我的身体开始变得越来越虚弱,以至于只能坐在体育场的长凳上欣赏足球了。最后我到医院去做了检查,几乎住了三个月的医院。我想我至少做过十亿次检查了,包括有一次检查,他们从我的腿部切下一小块儿肌肉,放在显微镜下观察。即使做过了所有这些检查,也没有人能够确诊这个病。因此,很难知道将来会是个什么样子。 问题是我看上去跟平常人一样。因此,当我跑了很短的一段路之后,我就会喘不过气来,或者爬楼梯才爬到一半就得停下来休息。因此,上小学时有的孩子见了我这种情况就会笑话我。有时候我的身体太虚弱,上不了学,因此落了许多功课。每次缺课之后,我就觉得自己很笨,因为我比别人落后了。 我在中学时期的生活(比在小学时)要轻松多了,因为我的同学开始接受了我的状况。还有些同学看不到我的内心世界,但是我并不生气,只是不去理会他们罢了。总而言之,我生活得挺好。我很高兴我能做许多事情,比如写作和电脑编程。我有雄心壮志,长大后我要在开发电脑软件的公司里工作。去年我发明了一个电脑足球游戏,有一家大公司已经决定从我这儿买走。我的生活很充实,没有时间闲坐着顾影自怜。除了同我的朋友一起去看电影和足球比赛,我还花很多时间和我的宠物在一起。我有两只兔子、一只鹦鹉、一缸金鱼和一只乌龟。我得花大量时间来照顾这些宠物,但我觉得很值。此外,我还有好多功课,特别是在病了一段时间之后。 在许多方面,我身体的残疾倒使我心理上变得更加坚强、更加独立。我必须努力工作才能过上正常的生活,但这是值得的。假如我有机会跟健康孩子讲一句话,那么,这句话就是:身体残疾并不意味着生活不美满。因此,不要感到残疾人可怜,或者取笑他们,也别不理睬他们。要接受他们,给他们以鼓励,让他们能像你一样过得丰富多彩、充实美满。 谢谢你们读我的故事。.马蒂 致建筑师的一封信桑达斯女士 爱丽斯。梅杰 总建筑师剑桥街64号 影院设计公司班克斯敦 希尔街44号 班克斯敦 20(0年9月2,4日 亲爱的桑达斯女士: 今天我从报上了解到,您将成为班克斯敦新影院的建筑设计师。我希望您不介意我写信询问您是否已考虑到残疾顾客的需要。尤其是以下几点不知您是否考虑到了:

《孟子三章》注释、翻译、默写、简答习题及答案【2020部编版八上21课】

《孟子三章》习题及答案【2020部编版八上第21课】 班级:姓名: 题型:【重点注释默写】【重点句子翻译】【理解性默写】【课内简答题】 目录: 一、《得道多助失道寡助》 二、《富贵不能淫》 三、《生于忧患死于安乐》 (一)《得道多助失道寡助》习题及答案 一、重点课下注释默写: ①【三里之城】 ②【环】 ③【池】 ④【兵革】【兵】,【革】, ⑤【委而去之】【委】,【去】, ⑥【域民不以封疆之界】 ⑦【固国不以山溪之险】 ⑧【威天下不以兵革之利】 ⑨【得道】 ⑩【至】 ?【亲戚】 ?【畔】 ?【故君子有不战,战必胜矣】 二、重点句子翻译: 1、天时不如地利,地利不如人和。

2、三里之城,七里之郭,环而攻之而不胜。 3、夫环而攻之,必有得天时者矣,然而不胜者,是天时不如地利也。 4、兵革非不坚利也,米粟非不多也,委而去之,是地利不如人和也。 5、故曰,域民不以封疆之界,固国不以山溪之险,威天下不以兵革之利。 6、得道者多助,失道者寡助。 7、寡助之至,亲戚畔之。多助之至,天下顺之。 8、以天下之所顺,攻亲戚之所畔,故君子有不战,战必胜矣。 三、理解性默写: 1、文章的中心论点是:。 2、攻城一方不能取胜的原因是:。守城一方“委而去之”的原因是:。 3、指出决定战争胜负的三要素及其关系的句子是: 4、日本某些反华势力,擅自篡改历史教科书,结果招致了国内外有识之士的一致反对,弄得众叛亲离,正应了孟子那句话:。 5、点明全文主旨的句子是: 6、“战必胜”的条件是:。 四、课内简答题: 1、本文选自《孟子译注》(中华书局1960年版)。孟子(约前372一前289),

名,邹(今山东邹城东南)人,时期思想家,学派代表人物之一。《孟子》是记录孟子及其弟子言行的著作,共七篇,一般认为是 等人共同编著的。 2、“得道多助,失道寡助”中的“道”指的是什么? 3、“三里”、“七里”是在强调防守一方占有哪方面优势?“环”是在说明进攻一方占哪方面优势?第二段中,进攻方“环而攻之而不胜”,证明了什么道理? 4、“域民不以封疆之界,固国不以山溪之险,威天下不以兵革之利”这三个句子的修辞是什么?三个句子的顺序为什么不能颠倒? 5、作者写“城非不高也,池非不深也,兵革非不坚利也,米粟非不多也;委而去之,是地利不如人和也”这段文字的目的是什么? 6、为什么君子能够“战必胜”? 7、孟子写作目的是说明怎样打赢一场战争吗? 8、纵观历史,能得到“人和”的人很多,并说说带给你什么启示? 9、回忆你学过的文言课文,从中举出一则可以证明本文论点的史实。

选修7 课文翻译 北师大版

成功学习英语 早在18世纪人们就预言英语有一天会成为全球性语言,而这一预言在近几十年中已经得到了证实。国际公司的增长和通讯方面的巨大进步带来了学习英语的新潮流。当今世界,要想取得令人瞩目的成就,就要会讲至少两种语言,特别是英语。 然而,没有英语语言环境,学习英语是很难的。一些受人推崇的关于获取语言的理论认为,要达到一种外语水平的流利程度和准确性,你需要置身于这种语言环境之中。但遗憾的是,我们很少有人有机会生活在讲英语的国家,所以大部分人还是得靠学校的语言课程来学习外语。 我国最新颁布的英语教学大纲鼓励老师在教室里创设一种丰富多彩的外语环境。这就意味着,他们要确保通过多种方式给学生足够的英语输入量。足够量的语言输入可以以高质量的阅读和听力材料的形式呈现。不管是说还是写,高质量的输入信息才能保证学生高质量的语言输出。 然而,要取得成功就意味着课后仍需要额外付出。专家认为每天仅仅15分钟的课后学习可以促进外语学习的速度。下面是专家对英语学习的建议: ·制定切实可行的学习目标。例如:为扩大词汇量,每天学10个生词——一周五天——周末复习所学生词。一周学50哥词就意味着一个月可掌握200个词。 ·一周先学一首英语歌曲中的单词,再听几遍这首英语歌曲。 ·先观看母语新闻,然后阅读一份英文报纸或访问一家英文新闻网站。读前能了解主要新闻内容会确保用英语阅读时更透彻地理解所读新闻。 ·观看你最喜爱的一张光盘,但要把你熟悉的部分语言调换成英语。 ·和朋友一道学习,互相测试并分享学习策略——这可以使学习更快乐。 ·赞赏自己。如果你达到了目标,就款待自己。将你的目标告知一个朋友,以使他也能够激励你。 这些建议都很容易做到,也值得付出额外的努力。然而,一天多学那15分钟,的确需要很大的付出。为保持不断努力的势头,你需要时常想想为什么要学英语。理由很简单,在当今世界,英语持有通向更光明的前途和把握未来机遇的钥匙。 肢体语言言为心声 如果你看见一位父亲高兴地笑着并轻轻拍打他儿子的后背,你认为会发生什么?你也许会认为这位父亲正祝贺他的儿子某事做得很好,也许是通过了测试或比赛获胜。因为你明白那位父亲的肢体语言所传达的信息,所以你会知道发生了什么事情。在全球,轻拍后背并附带一个微笑通常意为“干得好”。 每一天全世界不同国籍的人都使用着肢体语言。这是一种没有词语,由手势、面部表情和身体动作组成的语言,它极大地丰富了——有时甚至取 代了——口头语言。同其他任何语言一样,肢体语言被用来交流喜怒等情感和态度,但是与口头语言不同的是,他不总是明确清晰的,所以它又不同于口语。高兴地跳起来的人很容易看到,然而把眉毛往上耸来传达怀疑的态度却更易为人们所忽略。 人们经常有意识地使用肢体语言。不知道一个问题答案的人会先耸起双肩然后让它们落下,

人教版英语选修七课文翻译

Unit 5 中国学生适应能力强 六个月之前,谢蕾告别了她在中国的家人和朋友,登上了前往伦敦的飞机。这是她第一次离开自己的祖国。课间休息时我在学生餐厅碰见谢蕾,她告诉我的说,“我很激动,因为很久以前就梦想着能有这么一天,但是我又非常紧张,因为我不知道我所期望的是什么。” 谢蕾今年21岁,来我们大学上学,希望获得工商管理证书。大多数外籍学生在进入学位课程学习之前都要学一年预科,而谢蕾已经读完半年了。她非常看重预科课程。她说,“预科课程非常有益。在这儿学习跟在中国学习是相当不同的。你必须事先做好准备,或者在这里,或在中国。” “困难不仅仅是在学习方面,你还必须习惯一种全新的生活方式,在一开始的时候这就会占去你的全部注意力。”她说,“有时候我觉得自己像个小孩似的,我得学习如何使用电话,乘公交车时该怎样付款,在商店买东西时如果不知道商品的英文名字时,又怎样问店主。当我迷路不得不向路人问路时,经常听不懂他们说的话。他们说的话不像我们在听力磁带上听到的那样。”谢蕾说着笑了。 谢蕾同房东一家人住在一起,他们给了她许多建议。虽然有些外国学生同其他同学一起住在学生宿舍或公寓房里,但有些学生选择寄宿在英国人的家中。有的房东家也有上大学的孩子,跟这样的人住在一起会给外国学生提供机会,更好地了解这个国家的日常生活和风俗习惯。“当我听到不理解的话语,或看到似乎有人干了很奇怪的事情时,我就可以向房东家里的人请教。”谢蕾解释说。“还有,当我想家的时候,房东家就是我家的替身,给了我很大的安慰。” 谢蕾的预科课程还帮助她熟悉了西方大学里在学术方面的要求。她对我说,“还记得我交给老师第一篇论文。我在网上找到一篇文章,看来和我所需要的信息恰好一样。于是我就那篇论文写了一篇类似小结性的文章,交给了老师。我原以为我会得到高分,结果只得了一个E。我非常吃惊,于是去找导师说理。”他告诉我说,首先,我不能把别人的话写下来不表示感谢。此外。他认为,别人的想法并不是重要的。他想要知道的是我所想的是什么。这倒把我弄糊涂了,因为该文作者所知道的比我多得多。导师给我解释说,我得阅读大量的、有关不同观点的文章,并进行分析。然后,在我的论文中,我得表明我自己的观点,并且引用别的作者的观点来说明为什么我相信我的观点。起初,我缺乏信心这样做,而现在我开始懂了,我的分数也有所提高了。 谢蕾告诉我说,现在她在英国感到自在多了。开始时认为似乎很怪的事,如今觉得似乎很正常了。“我还有一件事要做,做了这件事后我才得安心。一直忙于适应环境,以至于我没有时间去搞社会活动。我认为在学习和社会生活之间的平衡也是很重要的。我打算参加大学了的几个俱乐部,我希望我会遇到一些有共同爱好的人。” 关于谢蕾的进步,我们将在今后几星期的报纸中做跟踪报道。同时我们衷心祝愿她事业有成。她是应该取得成功的。 Using language 秘鲁

四六级翻译30个常用句型

1)It is+形容词+that It is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life. 可想而知,知识在我们的一生中扮演着一个重要的角色。 2)It is+形容词+to do/ doing She had said what it was necessary to say. 她已经说了一切有必要说的话。 3)祈使句/名词+and/ or Work hard, and you will finally be able to reach your destination. 努力工作,你就能实现自己的目标。 4)as+many/ much+名词+as It is said that visitors spend only half as much money in a day in Leeds as in Lon-don. 据说,游客每天在利兹的花销仅为在伦敦的一半。 5)倍数词+as+形容词+as The reservoir is three times as big as it was ten years ago. 这个水库的面积是十年前三倍。 6) 倍数词+ more +名词/形容词十than Smoking is so harmful to personal health that it kills seven times more people each year than automobile accidents. 吸烟对人体健康的危害极大,每年死于吸烟的人比死于车祸的人多七倍。 7)(not)as/ so...as(和……(不)一样)

《孟子三章》全文及译文

《孟子三章》全文及译文 得道多助失道寡助 天时不如地利,地利不如人和。三里之城,七里之郭,环而攻之而不胜。夫环而攻之,必有得天时者矣,然而不胜者,是天时不如地利也。城非不高也,池非不深也,兵革非不坚利也,米粟非不多也,委而去之,是地利不如人和也。故曰,域民不以封疆之界,固国不以山溪之险,威天下不以兵革之利。得道者多助,失道者寡助。寡助之至,亲戚畔之。多助之至,天下顺之。以天下之所顺,攻亲戚之所畔,故君子有不战,战必胜矣。 译文: 有利于作战的天气时令不如有利于作战的地理形势,有利于作战的地理形势不如作战中的人心所向,内部团结。 方圆三里的内城,方圆七里的外城,包围着攻打它却不能取胜。包围着攻打它,必定是得到了有利于作战的天气时运,然而不能取胜,这是因为有利于作战的天气时令不如有利于作战的地理形势的原因。

城墙并不是不高,护城河并不是不深,武器装备并不是不精良,粮食也并不是不充足,但(守城者)弃城而逃,是对作战有利的地理形势不如作战中的人心所向,内部团结的原因。 所以说,使人民定居下来而不迁到别的地方去,不能依靠划定边疆的界限,巩固国防不能靠山河的险要,震慑天下不能靠武力的强大。能够施行仁政的君主,得到帮助支持他的人就多,不能够施行仁政的君主,得到帮助支持他的人就少。帮助他的人少到了极点,内外亲属都背叛他。帮助他的人多到了极点,天下人都归顺他。凭借天下人都归顺他的这一点,攻打被内外亲属背叛的君主,所以君子不战则已,战就一定能胜利。 生于忧患死于安乐 舜发于畎亩之中,傅说举于版筑之间,胶鬲举于鱼盐之中,管夷吾举于士,孙叔敖举于海,百里奚举于市,故天将降大任于是人也,必先苦其心志,劳其筋骨,饿其体肤,空乏其身,行拂乱其所为,所以动心忍性,曾益其所不能。 人恒过然后能改,困于心衡于虑而后作,征于色发于声而后喻。入则无法家拂士,出则无敌国外患者,国恒亡,然后知生于忧患而死于安乐也。

英语选修7课文翻译

英语选修7课文翻译 忤m■?勵门|投想陥町傕金谡找罐“汀”人川彳盯十牛-的那种人物.槎甸话BL tft界 1 的人机⑴匕朗备找的肌|却布£1虬的身体H嘟电虬裁斥倦H刖人那样 枚劇逋快涉fl&ttf榔.闻£ fl财恨菽还仝屍『策用+ ff肿乐曲?叹磁*?蓟貳11仁恆牛也说五(ft视到展海J flAGtt. 他也就涯法始犹治好”長0:灼足.他0|也杠褪件弁我.我的化.戒挣述圧醐$现狀.股C经学金『适歧找的残疫主帖.収的妝f】洛心话巷悴人 九蜀I抠卜寧以闸?找眼班出的幷他屈学址一样的.我倉甯魄科*谢迷*鶴足理.悅实在前.规过去用卩舰血样索fi A;我仝艇为足隊粘检ItO町的阿就雪胡世界料肌球欄*L A1总眾啊身体开始变外施舉电堪悅n jt u 得起不『*.狼劉嗟龍去作了枪蓟.几手住「-:,茎月的盹热?r^ 參辣?我思职IE医锐的时靛,匱试无歡戻推饗了,包抿仆?稅概竇’他YI从孫帽制祁切卜-小块儿肌碎. 故拥显flttft卜规柬?園紐像过所亦这趋检倩之爲?也没亦人能第啣诈过年舸.调就.聲草知逍莉1柴自楚tfl-^flf 氏 x I毂的啊.绘棉霍的肚*收林上去那平常人样.晒it*苛取u广feifci的Htjffi送訂*攪it上唉邢匚厂(集*戒於餵鰻林才爬测titw^卜.吧不到匝就科休息.t*?L暫时小鲁frittrfliiiww就全、“他仆时慎投的身休盘廛虬1/汀学?因就曙门牛名礫.毎决诸肚检#他乩找班的觉側自己?4牴團右我比剧人購右了一叠. 』卅屮学时酗汕洁比费I母时聲轻怆多匚我的汕# FFUKE门酗枫况.aflqprsiMt不刑收附内心粒悍.怛艇風井不生气.具站不去理住他仍買「? 履也話M挺好.報推爲%強现石许荽啷啊职闊确傩做谢很郎?比轴囲怖和胡电衲稈“?fl! <7昭心壮去,I:认所tttfijfe聃忙业卑I作.古塔我发凹1『伞电脑足球紳娩M來丿、吿川U鮭决生从找这儿杷它心匚灵的也活1U克姐阶冇训刖闲吧祥电为门已优饥廿障好的时帙?池刽誠职的册M 凰丿皿电幣和足筛比畝览如我还花很客时间和找的邂物在一鼠/V讷!也产?心吃亂柯?那佥個. nilL4k^MHHl 的呷':?.找f!Hkk圳时mi束册破这亚垃梅.K^^K M I?it取 A还ft *F r车问收学.持别M往稱」’玲时间之疳? 在株拿方ifiL业费体的魁響侧快收变那更帥鑿強.更椰掘蛊?fllfil努力工?储対1:匸席的吃嫁fi 这是(ft押呻?假如典后机件跟睦瞬聽『讲■旬话?珈致*这旬话就貝患務并不加織着牛?洁不奨満. 僭此+不整鵬到喪視人禅恰?戒者収崔唯们?也不:旻?H;起他IH??於摊附臥域励、皿则难惟佛UH--样建用車商客輕■充零裁#L 谢便MliMk的故仏

英语翻译常用句型

翻译中常见的句型 1.否定句型 1)部分否定。其否定意义只局限于整体中的一部分。其形式:“概括词all, every等+not+谓语动词”。常用于该句型词:all, both, everybody, everywhere, always, altogether, entirely, wholly等。 All is not gold that glitters. I do not wholly agree. 2) 完全否定。其形式:no, none 等否定词+肯定式谓语。常用于该句型词:no, none, nobody, nothing, nowhere, never, neither, nowhere, nowise, 等。还有一种句型:all等概括词+肯定式谓语+否定意义的词。 No words can describe the scene. 任何言词均不能描绘那景色。 All his plan came to nothing. 3)双重否定 a.主语+cannot+ help/refrain/keep + from + v-ing He could not help showing his pleasure.他不由得喜形于色。 b.主语+cannot+ but/choose but/ help but +do They can not choose but admit that they are wrong. c.(there be) not +主语+but+谓语 (There is )Nobody but has his faults. 人人都有缺点。 2.判断句型 1)强调判断句 a.主语+be+ no/none +other than/but +表语(强调内容) The tall figure that I saw was none other than our commander. b.主语+be+ nothing+(else)but/ else than/ less than+ 表语 Genius is nothing but labor and diligence.天才只不过是劳动加勤奋而已。 c.it is/was +强调部分+that/ who +从句 It is I who am to blame. 2) 正反判断句 a.主语+be +not+表语a, but +表语b What I admire in Columbus is not his discovered a world, but his having gone to search for it on the faith of an opinion. b.(it is) not… that(who) …, but…that (who) Not that we are afraid of them, but that they are afraid of us. 3)比较判断句: a.主语+be less+表语a +than表语b / more+表语b+表语a Experience shows that success is due less to abilities than to zeal. b.主语+be+表语b+ rather than+表语a He is an artist rather than a philosopher. c.主语+be+ not so much +表语a+ as+表语b It is so much advice as approval that he seeks. 他寻求的与其说是忠告,不如说是忠告。3.倍数表示句型: a.主语+be+倍数+that of 被比较对象/ as +形容词+as+被比较对象

2019年部编新版《孟子三章》注释翻译及答案

《孟子三章》注释 〔三里之城〕 〔环〕 〔池〕 〔兵革〕兵, 〔委而去之〕委, 去, 〔固国〕 〔威天下〕 〔得道〕 〔至〕 〔亲戚〕 〔畔〕 〔故君子有不战〕君子, 〔郭〕 〔诚〕 〔大丈夫〕 〔天下熄〕 〔焉〕 〔丈夫之冠〕冠, 〔父命之〕命, 〔戒之曰〕戒, 〔必敬必戒〕戒, 〔女家〕女, 〔夫子〕〔正〕 〔广居,正位,大道〕分别喻指 〔与民由之〕由, 〔独行其道〕 〔淫〕 〔移〕 〔屈〕 〔舜发于畎亩之中〕发, 畎亩, 〔傅说举于版筑之间〕举, 筑, 〔管夷吾举于士〕士, 〔百里奚举于市〕市, 〔饿其体肤〕 〔空乏其身〕空乏, 〔行拂乱其所为〕拂, 乱, 〔曾益〕曾, 〔恒过〕 〔衡于虑〕衡, 〔作〕 〔征于色,发于声,而后喻〕征, 发, 喻, 〔入〕〔出〕 〔法家拂士〕法家, 拂士, 拂, 〔敌国〕敌,

《孟子三章》注释 〔三里之城〕方圆三里的内城。 〔环〕围。 〔池〕护城河。 〔兵革〕泛指武器装备。兵,兵器。 〔委而去之〕委,放弃。去,离开。 〔固国〕巩固国防。 〔威天下〕震慑天下。 〔得道〕行仁政。 〔至〕极点。 〔亲戚〕内外亲属。 〔畔〕同“叛”,背叛。 〔故君子有不战〕君子,指能行仁政的君主。〔郭〕外城。 〔诚〕真正,确实。 〔大丈夫〕指有大志、有作为、有气节的男子〔天下熄〕指战争停息,天下太平。 〔焉〕怎么,哪里。 〔丈夫之冠〕冠,行冠礼。 〔父命之〕命,教导、训诲。 〔戒之曰〕戒,告诫。 〔必敬必戒〕戒,谨慎。 〔女家〕女,同“汝”,你。 〔夫子〕这里指丈夫。〔正〕准则,标准。 〔广居,正位,大道〕分别喻指“仁”“礼”“义”。 〔与民由之〕由,遵从。 〔独行其道〕独自走自己的道路。 〔淫〕使……迷惑。 〔移〕使……动摇。 〔屈〕使……屈服。 〔舜发于畎亩之中〕发,兴起,指被任用。畎亩,田地。 〔傅说举于版筑之间〕举,选拔、任用。筑,捣土用的杵。 〔管夷吾举于士〕士,狱官。 〔百里奚举于市〕市,集市。 〔饿其体肤〕使他经受饥饿之苦。 〔空乏其身〕空乏,财资缺乏。 〔行拂乱其所为〕拂,违背。乱,扰乱。 〔曾益〕增加。曾,同“增”。 〔恒过〕常常犯错误。 〔衡于虑〕思虑堵塞。衡,同“横”,梗塞、不顺。 〔作〕奋起。这里指有所作为。 〔征于色,发于声,而后喻〕征,征验、表现。发,显露、流露。喻,了解、明白。〔入〕在国内。〔出〕在国外。 〔法家拂士〕法家,守法度的大臣。拂士,辅佐君王的贤士。拂,同“弼”,辅佐。〔敌国〕势力、地位相当的国家。敌,匹敌、相当。

高中英语选修七课文翻译

Unit 1Living well Reading MARTY’S STORY马蒂的故事 你好,我叫马蒂·菲尔丁。我想你可能会说我是“百万人中才有一个”的那种人。换句 话说,世界上像我这样的人并不多见。你瞧,我的肌肉有毛病,使我的身体非常虚弱,所以 我不能向别人那样快跑或快步爬楼梯。另外,有时候我还会笨手笨脚、不小心摔掉东西,或 磕碰到家具上。不幸的是,医生们不知道如何治好我的病,但是我很开朗乐观,学会了适应 身体的残疾。我的座右铭是:活一天算一天。 十岁以前,我跟其他人是一样的。我常常爬树、游泳、踢足球。说实在的,我过去常 常梦想我会成为职业球员,代表我的国家参加世界杯足球赛。后来,我的身体开始变得越来越虚弱,以至于只能坐在体育场的长凳上欣赏足球了。最后我到医院去做了检查,住了将近三个月的医院。我想我至少做过十亿次检查了,包括有一次检查,他们从我的腿部切下一小 块儿肌肉,放在显微镜下观察。即使做过了所有这些检查,也没有人能够确诊这个病。因此,很难知道将来会是个什么样子。 问题是我看上去跟平常人一样,因此,当我跑了很短的一段路之后,就喘不过气来, 或者爬楼梯才爬到一半就得停下来休息,我的小学同学就会笑我。有时候我的身体太虚弱, 上不了学,因此落下了许多功课。每次缺课之后,我就觉得自己很笨,因为我比别人落后了。 我在中学时期的生活(比在小学时)要轻松多了,因为我的同学已经接受了我的状况。 还有少数同学看不到我的内心世界,但是我并不生气,只是不去理会他们罢了。总而言之, 我生活得挺好。我很高兴我能做许多事情,比如写作和电脑编程。我有雄心壮志,长大后我要在 开发电脑软件的公司里工作。去年我开发了一个电脑足球游戏,有一家大公司已经决定从我这儿买走。我的生活很充实,没有时间坐着顾影自怜。除了同我的朋友一起去看电影和 足球比赛外,我还花很多时间和我的宠物在一起。我有两只兔子、一只鹦鹉,一缸金鱼和一 只乌龟。我得花大量时间来照顾这些宠物,但我觉得很值。此外,我还有好多功课要做,而 别是在病了一段时间之后。 在许多方面,我身体的残疾倒使我心理上变得更加坚强,更加独立。我必须努力才能 过上正常的生活,但这是值得的。假如我有机会跟健康孩子讲一句话,那么,这句话就是: 身体残疾并不意味着生活不美满。因此,不要感到残疾人可怜,或者取笑他们,也别不理睬 他们。要接受他们,给他们以鼓励,让他们能像你一样过得丰富多彩、充实美满。 谢谢你读我的故事。 Unit 1Living well Using Language A LETTER TO AN ARCHITECT致建筑师的 一封信 桑达斯女士总建筑师 影院设计公司爱丽斯·梅杰剑桥街 64号班克斯敦 希尔街 44号班克斯敦

英语翻译常用句型(加精)

英语翻译常考句型详解 1.It is not that…but that… 这不是说…,而是说… 「例文」It is not that the scales in the one case, and the balance in the other, differ in the principles of their construction or manner of working; but that the latter is much finer apparatus and of couse much more accurate in its measurement than the former. 「译文」这并不是说在一种情况下所使用的磅秤和在另一种情况下所使用的天平在构造原理上或工作方式上存在差别,而是说与前者相比,后者是一种更精密得多的装置,因而在计量上必然更加准确。 2.nothing else than 完全是,实在是 「例文」What the man said was nothing else than nonsense. 「译文」那个人讲的话完全是一派胡言。 3.as引导的特殊状语从句,翻译时做定语从句处理。 「例文」We hope the measures to control prices, as they have been taken by the government, will succeed. 「译文」我们希望,政府已经采取的控制物价的措施将取得成功。 4.名词+or+名词结构中,or后的名词是同位语,应译为即…;或者称…. 「例文」Moreover, technology includes techniques , or ways to do things , as well as the manchines that may or may not be necessary to apply them. 「译文」再者,除机器外技术还包括技艺,即制作方法,而运用这些记忆并不一定都需要机器。 5.more…than…结构有三种译法:than连接肯定形式的从句时,该从句译为否定句;在比较的基础上表示选择关系时,可译为与其说…不如说;进行同类比较时,译成比…更. 「例文」The complexity of the human situation and injustice of the social order demand far more fundamental changes in the basic structure of society itself than some politicians are willing to admit in their speeches. 「译文」人类社会形势的复杂性和社会制度的不公正性要求对社会基本结构进行彻底变革,而一些政客口头上是很不愿意承认这一点的。 「分析」这是一个主从复合句,连词than前为主句,than后为从句。虽然本句是进行程度上的比较,但从句意义是否定的, 故译成否定句。 6.no more …than 与not… any more than no more …than 与not… any more than同义,不可简单地看成是more …than的否定形式。具体地说,这一结构可能是带有一定的感情色彩的否定形式,也可能是一种较特殊的类比形式。其翻译方法有二;表示同类否定比较时,可译为不比…更或都…同样不;表示比喻关系时,可译为正如…不,…也不. 「例文」The food on the ship was no better than on any other ship on which Billy had sailed. 「译文」这条船上(供应的)食品并不如比利工作过的其他船上的(食品)好。(括号里的词是可以省略的。) 「分析」这是一个主从复合句、主句是The food …no better , than on any other ship 是省略了比较对象的比较状语从句,从句on which引导的定语从句修饰先行词ship.本句中no more… than用于同类否定的比较,可译为不如…. 7.not so much as与其说…不如说… 「例文」Science moves forward, they say, not so much through the insights of great men of genius as because of more ordinary things like improved techniques and tools. 「译文」新学派科学家说,科学的发展与其说源于天才伟人的真知灼见,不如说源于改进了的技术和工具等等更为普遍的东西。 「分析」这是一个主从复合句。插入语they say是主句,Science moves forward,……and tools是宾语从句。not so much……as 连接的是状语,as引导的状语从句中,由于上下文清楚,主谓语都省略了,即as(sciencemoves forward.)because of……not so much……as也可译为与其说……不如说……,它所表达的逻辑关系和more than有相似之处,也是在比较的基础上进行判断和选择,被比较的事物也同属一个范畴。所不同的是,more……than表示前重后轻的逻辑关系,而not so much… as和less than表示前轻后重的逻辑关系,这两个结构中信息重心落在句尾,因此不必倒过来译,只须按原文的词序顺译即可。

孟子三章翻译

得道多助,失道寡助 有利于作战的天气、时令,比不上有利于作战的地理形势;有利于作战的地理形势,比不上作战中的人心所向、内部团结。 一座方圆三里的小城,有方圆七里的外城,四面包围起来攻打它,却不能取胜。采用四面包围的方式攻城,一定是得到有利于作战的天气、时令了,可是不能取胜,这是因为有利于作战的天气、时令比不上有利于作战的地理形势呀。 城墙并不是不高啊,护城河并不是不深呀,武器装备也并不是不精良,粮食供给也并不是不充足啊,但是,守城一方还是弃城而逃,这是因为作战的地理形势再好),也比不上人心所向、内部团结啊。 所以说,使人民定居下来而不迁到别的地方去,不能靠划定的边疆的界限,巩固国防不能靠山河的险要,震慑天下不能靠武力的强大。能行“仁政”的君王,帮助支持他的人就多,不施行“仁政”的君主,支持帮助他的人就少。支持帮助他的人少到了极点,连内外亲属也会背叛他;支持帮助他的人多到了极点,天下所有人都会归顺他。凭着天下人都归顺他的条件,去攻打那连亲属都反对背叛的君王,所以,君子要么不战斗,战斗就一定会取得胜利。 富贵不能淫 景春说:“公孙衍、张仪难道不是真正的有志气、有作为、有节气的男子吗?他们一发怒,连诸侯都害怕,他们安居家中,天下就太平无事。” 孟子说:“这哪里能算是有志气有作为的男子呢?你没有学过礼吗?男子行加冠礼时,父亲给予训导;女子出嫁时,母亲给予训导,送她到门口,告诫她说:‘到了你的丈夫的家里,一定要恭敬,一定要谨慎,不要违背你的丈夫!’以顺从为做人原则的,是妾妇之道。居住在天下最宽广的住宅‘仁’里,站立在天下最正确的位置‘礼’上,行走在天下最宽广的道路‘义’上。能实现理想时,就同人民一起走这条正道;不能实现理想时,就独自行走在这条正道上。富贵不能使他的思想迷惑,贫贱不能使他的操守动摇,威武不能使他的意志屈服,这才叫作有志气有作为的男子。” 生于忧患,死于安乐 舜从田野耕作之中被起用,傅说从筑墙的劳作之中被起用,胶鬲从贩鱼卖盐中被起用,管夷吾被从狱官手里救出来并受到任用,孙叔敖从海滨隐居的地方被起用,百里奚被从奴隶市场里赎买回来并被起用。 所以上天要把重任降临在某人的身上,必定要先磨练其人心志,以饥饿和困乏考验其人身形,扰乱其人业已开始的行动,目的就是要用上述这些艰难困苦来触动其人之心灵,坚韧其人之性格,增加其人原本没有的能力。 人常常犯错,然后才能改正;心内心忧困,思想阻塞,然后才能奋起;心绪显露在脸色上,表达在声音中,然后才能被人了解。一个国家,在内如果没有坚守法度的大臣和足以辅佐君王的贤士,在外没有与之匹敌的邻国和来自外国的祸患,就常常会有覆灭的危险。 这样,就知道忧愁患害足以使人生存,安逸享乐足以使人灭亡的道理了。

英语高考常用句型翻译

?高中英语常用50句句型翻译 1、你没有必要提前预定音乐会的票(need n.) There is no need for you to book the ticket for the concert in advance. 2、在专家面前班门弄斧是没有好处的(good n. show) It is no good showing off in the presence of so many experts. 3、如果你不能集中精神学习,熬夜是没有用的(use) It is no use staying up late if you can’t focus your attention on your study. 4、抱怨交通状况是浪费时间(waste) It’s a waste of time making complaints about the transportation system. 5、我觉得你有必要在应聘之前接受一些训练(it) I find it necessary for you to have some training before you apply for a new job. 6、我突然想起来我忘记提醒班长集合的时间了(occur) It suddenly occurred to me that i forgot to remind the monitor of the gathering time. 7、似乎John对於赢得胜利没有什麽信心,你最好对他说些鼓励的话 It seems that John is not very’d better say a few encouraging words to him. 8、第一眼见到她,我就忍不住爱上她了(the first time) The first time i saw her, i couldn’t help falling in love with her. 9、你在阅读上花时间越多,取得进步越大 The more time you spend in reading, the more rapid progress you will make. 10、他获得成功的原因是他从不丧失信心,从不半途而废(halfway) The reason why he achieved success was that he never lost heart and gave up halfway. 11、重要的不是你说些什麽而是你如何演讲(matter) What matters is not what’s in your speech but how you deliver your speech. 12、再努力一下,你就能成功(effort) Make another effort, and you’ll succeed. 13、尽管教学经验不足,他总是全力以赴的满足学生的需求(spare) In spite of the fact that he lacks teaching experience, he spares no effort to meet the demand of his student. 14、不可否认,他的勇气和坚持为他赢得了很高的声誉(deny)

选修7M3课文翻译

Reading : ①孩子们进食的场所是一间宽敞的大厅,一口锅放在大厅一侧. 开饭的时候,大师傅在锅边舀粥,有两个女人替他打杂。每个 孩子只可分得一碗粥,绝不多给,除非在特 别节日,他们才可以另外再分到 60克的面包.②粥碗从来用不着洗,因为孩子们用汤 匙把碗刮得干干净净,尽力吃掉每一点粥。这花不了多长时间,因为汤匙几乎和碗 差不多大小。③他们这样把碗刮干净后, 就坐在那儿,眼巴巴的瞅着汤锅,似乎要把 它也吞进肚子.男孩子们有着旺盛的食欲。三个月来,Olive Twist 和同伴们一起忍受着慢性饥饿的煎熬,到后来饿的都快发疯了。 ④其中有个男孩子,个子较同龄人高, 而且不习惯总是这么挨饿,因为他父亲开 过一家小饭馆.他跟朋友们说他每天必须 多喝一碗汤,否则,难保哪天晚上他就会把 睡在他身边的那个小男孩吃掉。那个高个 男孩的眼睛里闪动着野性的饥饿目光,孩子们都信以为真.大家开了一个会,决定在当 天傍晚吃过饭后,他们中的一个到管理员 那里再去要一些食物。他们将名字写在 纸条上,挑选了一张. ⑤Oliver Twist被抽中了。 ⑤强调句:it be+被强调部分(主/宾/表/状) that/who+句子其他部分 夜晚来临,孩子们坐到了各自的位子上。管理员站在锅旁边,打下手的人排成一行 站在他的身后.汤一分给孩子们,就被一扫 而光了。孩子们交头接耳,那些坐在oliver 旁边的孩子用胳膊肘推他。⑥Oliver 已经被饥饿和苦难逼得什么都顾不上了,他从 桌边站起来,手里拿着碗和汤匙,朝管理员 走去。⑦被自己的大胆吓了一跳,他说, “对不起,先生,我还想要一点。” ⑥ who引导定从;with…in his hand复合结构;⑦frightened by…过去分词做状语 be frightened by…被…吓到 --6 管理员是个健壮的胖子,但他的脸一下子变白了。⑧他瞪着这个孩子,完全惊呆了, 手里抓着锅以求站稳。⑨至少过了30分钟,他才说出话来。“什么”管理员最后开了口,声音有气无力。 “先生,求求你,”Oliver答道, “我还想要 一些。” ⑩男孩的话刚出口,管理员就拿起汤匙敲了他的头.然后他抓住Oliver的胳膊不放,尖声高呼着本伯先生。 ⑨否定副词not until放句首引起部分倒装. 原句:the man was not able to speak until at least 30 seconds had passed. ⑩部分倒装.原句:The boy had no sooner spoken these words than the warden hit .. 济贫院的理事们正在开会,本伯先生一头 冲进房间,情绪激动.他对主持会议的人说,“Limbkins先生,请您原谅!Oliver Twist 还想要更多!” 在房间里开会的所有人个个脸上都露出大为惊异的神色. “还要更多!” Limbkins 先生说.“仔细想想,本伯先生,清楚回答我的 话.你是说他喝了他的那碗汤以后还要” “是这样的,先生.”本伯回答道。 ⑾“我还从来没听说过这样的事呢.”Limbkins说道。 ⑾否定副词never放在句首引起部分倒装。类似词还有seldom,hardly,at no time等。—13 “他们会把那孩子吊死,”一个身着白色 夹克的绅士说道, “我知道他们会把他吊死. 对这位绅士的观点,谁也没有反驳. 理事

初二语文《孟子两章》原文及翻译

初二语文《孟子两章》原文及翻译 导读:初二语文《孟子两章》原文及翻译 原文 天时不如地利,地利不如人和。三里之城,七里之郭,环而攻之而不胜。夫环而攻之,必有得天时者矣,然而不胜者,是天时不如地利也。城非不高也,池非不深也,兵革非不坚利也,米粟(sù)非不多也,委而去之,是地利不如人和也。故曰,域民不以封疆之界,固国不以山溪之险,威天下不以兵革之利。得道者多助,失道者寡助。寡助之至,亲戚畔之。多助之至,天下顺之。以天下之所顺,攻亲戚之所畔,故君子有不战,战必胜矣。 翻译 有利于作战的天气比不上有利于作战的地理环境;有利于作战的地理环境比不上作战中的人心所向、内部团结。(比如一座)方圆三里的内城,只有方圆七里的外城,四面包围起来攻打它,却不能取胜。采用四面包围的方式攻城,一定是得到有利于作战的天气、时令了,可是不能取胜,这是因为有利于作战的天气、时令比不上有利于作战的地理环境。城墙并不是不高,护城河并不是不深,武器装备也并不是不精良,粮食供给也并不是不充足,但是,(守城一方)弃城而逃,这是因为有利于作战的地理环境比不上作战中的人心所向、内部团结.所以说,限制百姓不能只靠划定的疆域的界限,巩固国防不能依靠山川的险阻,威慑天下不能凭借武力的强大。施行“仁政”的君主,帮助支持他的人就多,不施行“仁政”的君主,支持帮助他的人就少。

帮助他的人少到了极点,自己的亲属也会背叛他;帮助他的人多到了极点,天下的人都会归顺他。凭着天下人都归顺他的条件,去攻打那连自己亲戚都反对的寡助之君,所以,(施行“仁政”的)的君主不战则已,战斗就一定能胜利。 感谢您的阅读,本文如对您有帮助,可下载编辑,谢谢

相关主题