高一必修1英语试卷

英语必修1考试试卷

铁一中谢稔贤

考试时间90分钟，试卷满分120分。

第一部分（选择题共75分）

本试卷共10页，分为两部分。第一部分选择题，四道大题（共75分）；第二部分非选择题，三道大题（共25分）。考试时间90分钟。

一、听力理解（共10小题，15分）

第一节：听下面六段对话，从各题A、B、C三个选项中, 选出能回答问题的最佳答案。每段对话你将听两遍。

听下面一段对话，回答第1题。

1．What does the woman do?

A. A pop singer.

B. A shop assistant.

C. A taxi driver.

听下面一段对话，回答第2题。

2．When will the plane arrive?

A. 2:30.

B. 2:00.

C. 3:00.

听下面一段对话，回答第3题。

3．Where’s the Meeting Center?

A. On the 1st floor.

B. On the 2nd floor.

C. On the 3rd floor.

听下面一段对话，回答第4题。

4．What are the two speakers talking about?

A. A radio.

B. Boating.

C. Weather.

听下面一段对话，回答第5题至第7题。

5．When did the woman begin to study English?

A. Last year.

B. Two years ago.

C. Three years ago.

6．What is the woman’s difficulty in learning English?

A. Reading.

B. Grammar.

C. Speaking.

7．What are they going to do at seven o’clock?

A. Meet outside the school gate.

B. Enjoy the English evening.

C. Study English together.

听下面一段对话，回答第8题至第10题。

8．Where’re the two speakers?

A. In a restaurant.

B. In a bookstore.

C. In a library.

9．When did the book come in?

A. Two days ago.

B. Yesterday.

C. This morning.

10．What does the man advise the woman to do?

A. Order some books.

B. Buy some cheap books.

C. Put the red stars on the shelf.

二、单项填空（共15小题，15分）

从各题A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。

11. My father likes classical music. He ______ to it in his spare time.

A. has listened

B. listens

C. listened

D. is listening

12. The Williams moved to a safer area and since then they ______ back to their past life.

A. haven’t looked

B. didn’t look

C. wouldn’t look

D. hadn’t looked

13. ______ do you live? In a city or in the countryside?

A. How

B. Why

C. When

D. Where

14. They ______ football on the playground when suddenly it began to rain.

A. were playing

B. had played

C. are playing

D. have played

15. The 29th Olympics is coming. I ______ as a volunteer in 2008.

A. am working

B. have worked

C. had worked

D. am going to work

16. He was in his first school play ______ he was eight.

A. when

B. because

C. if

D. since

17. In Germany, you ______ arrive late to a dinner party. It’s impolite to be late.

A. should

B. ought to

C. shouldn’t

D. wouldn’t

18. Every year in April, the Water Festival ______ among the Dai people in Xishuangbanna.

A. celebrates

B. is celebrating

C. is celebrated

D. is being celebrated

19. ––Do you like dancing?

–– No, never. In fact, I can’t ______ the noise in a dance.

A. make

B. hear

C. stand

D. solve

20. If we attend a wedding ceremony, we ______ talk in a low voice.

A. can’t

B. may

C. mustn’t

D. ought to

21. ––Would you like something to eat?

––No, thanks, I’ve had my lunch ______.

A. yet

B. already

C. again

D. then

22. Attention, please. The last plane to London ______ off at 9: 00 pm.

A. take

B. takes

C. took

D. has taken

23. ––______ you ______ to Liu Ming’s birthday party?

––Yes. I received his invitation this morning.

A. Have; invited

B. Were; invited

C. Did; invite

D. Have; been invited

24. The boy was very sick for a time, but he managed to ______.

A. pull through

B. pull out

C. go off

D. go up

25. Meetings and phone calls ______ a large part of Bob’s day.

A. fill with

B. take up

C. switch over

D. carry on

三、完形填空（共15小题，15分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从各题A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。

The dogsled race was about to begin. Julie’s team of dogs was lined up at the Array

starting gate. Julie stood behind them. Other teams were 26

up, too, and the dogs were excited. Julie kept her 27 on the clock. At exactly ten o’clock, she and the other racers shouted, “Mush!” The dogs knew that meant, “28 !” They jumped forward and the 29

started!

Now, Julie’s team ran up and down over the snowy hills. They 30 only to rest and eat. They wanted to stay 31 of the other teams. The racers had to go a thousand miles across Alaska. Alaska is one of the 32 places on Earth. The dogs’ thick fur coats helped33

them warm in the cold wind. In many places along the way, the snow was deep. Pieces of ice were as 34 as a knife. The ice could cut the dogs’ feet. To keep that from 35 , Julie had put special boots on their feet.

At first, the dogs seemed to 36 the sled very slowly. They were 37 getting used to the race. But on the third day out, they began to run more 38 . They worked 39 a team and passed many of the other racers. Once, one of the sled’s runners fell into a hole and 40 . Julie could have given up then, but she didn’t. She fixed it and they kept going.

When they finally reached the finish line, they found that they had come in first place! It was a great day for Julie and her dogs.

26. A. lined B. looked C. called D. picked

27. A. runners B. hands C. dogs D. eyes

28. A. Begin B. Rush C. Hurry D. Go

29. A. game B. race C. play D. test

30. A. went B. ran C. stopped D. asked

31. A. tired B. ahead C. afraid D. free

32. A. wettest B. highest C. coolest D. coldest

33. A. keep B. make C. find D. leave

34. A. strong B. hard C. thick D. sharp

35. A. coming B. hurting C. happening D. cutting

36. A. push B. pull C. walk D. drive

37. A. still B. already C. usually D. almost

38. A. hardly B. happily C. quickly D. quietly

39. A. as B. on C. for D. with

40. A. died B. failed C. broke D. disappeared

四、阅读理解（共15小题，30分）

第一节：阅读下面短文，从各题A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳答案。

A

Ali is from a Middle Eastern country. He now stays in the USA. He smokes a lot of cigarettes (香烟) every day. He has smoked for nine years. Ali says, “ I tried to quit (放弃) smoking in my hometown, but it was impossible. My brothers smoke. All my friends smoke. At parties and at meetings, almost all the men smoke. Here in the United States, not as many people smoke. It will be easier to change my habit here.”

Many smokers are like Ali: they want to stop smoking. The smokers know that smoking is bad for their health. They know it can cause cancer and heart disease. But it is difficult for them to give up smoking because cigarettes have a drug in them. The drug is nicotine (尼古丁). People who smoke a lot need nicotine.

When a person first begins to smoke, he usually feels terrible. The nicotine makes him sick. In a few days, the smoker’s body is used to the nicotine, and he feels fine. Later, the smoker needs nicotine to keep f eeling fine. Without nicotine, he feels bad.

It is very hard to quit smoking, and many people who quit will soon smoke again. At a party or at work they will decide to smoke “just one” cigarette. Then they will smoke another cigarette, and another. Soon th ey become

smokers again. Maybe there is only one easy way to quit smoking: never start.

41. How long has Ali smoked?

A. Nine years.

B. Seven years.

C. Five years.

D. Three years.

42. How do the smokers feel without nicotine?

A. Fine.

B. Happy.

C. Worried.

D. Bad.

43. Many smokers want to stop smoking because they ______.

A. want to go to parties

B. can’t smoke at work

C. may suffer from cancer

D. need nicotine and drugs

44. By writing this text, the writer hopes that people will ______.

A. stay in their hometown

B. never start smoking

C. eat less and smoke more

D. not live in the United States

B

My English teacher at school was not very good. She was not a native speaker. She was always angry and she felt uncomfortable about speaking English in front of us. We did a lot of grammar and reading and writing. I did what she told us to do. I studied when I was told. I finished my work when I was told. I was a good student. I got A s, but even after four years, I could hardly say a sentence in English.

Later I realized how stupid I had been. When I went to university, I met a boy called Nori. He had studied English at school too. His English teacher was worse than mine! However, it didn’t stop him. He studied on his own. He made friends with English-speaking people and met them every week. He spoke English on the Internet and he wrote to other English speakers. He watched his favorite English movies many times and repeated the actors’ lines. He knew every line of The Lion King! His English was great.

I realized that the difference between us was that I blamed (责怪)my teacher. I thought she wasn’t a very good teacher, so I couldn’t learn English very well. It wasn’t my fault. But Nori didn’t blame anyone. He just did what had to be done to achieve his goals.

Meeting Nori is probably one of the best things that ever happened to me. It changed the way I thought about a lot of things. Now I take responsibility for (为…负责) my decisions and achievements. I am more successful in learning English and in life generally.

45. The writer’s English teacher _____.

A. spoke good English

B. was from England

C. spoke little English

D. was always happy

46. The writer ______ by doing what her teacher told her to do.

A. knew actors’ lines

B. could speak well

C. made friends

D. got good marks

47. Why could Nori speak good English?

A. He had a better English teacher.

B. He did a lot of grammar exercises.

C. He listened to his teacher carefully in class.

D. He found ways to learn English by himself.

48. What makes the writer more successful?

A. The change in his way of thinking about things.

B. Making friends with English-speaking people.

C. The difference between the writer and Nori.

D. Doing what his teacher told him to do.

C

About fifty years ago, when television first came out, people thought that radio was no longer useful. Television has both sounds and images (影像). It is much more real and interesting

to watch television than to listen to the radio.

However, fifty years later radio is still very popular and it will be here for a long time. One reason is that we don’t need to see an image when we listen to the music on the radio. In fact, listening with your eyes closed is the best way to listen to a piece of music. You can imagine yourself on a sandy beach or up high on a mountain. In other words, you can create your own images.

Moreover, while listening to the radio, you don’t have to take your eyes off your work. For example, you can listen to the radio and drive at the same time. Or you can read a book and listen to the radio. Television, on the other hand, doesn’t have this advantage.

A radio is much smaller than a television. You can take a radio anywhere and turn it on anytime you want. In a quiet place you can use headphones to listen to the news or music on the radio. In this way you won’t disturb anybody. Moreover, a radio is much cheaper than a television. For less than $ 20 you can buy a small radio and have fun with it.

headphones

49. What is the passage mainly about?

A. Music.

B. Radio.

C. Sound.

D. Television.

50. People like to watch TV because _______.

A. it has headphones to listen to the news

B. they can drive while watching TV

C. it has both sounds and images

D. they can watch with their ears

51. We learn from the passage that _______.

A. people can take a radio anywhere and turn it on anytime

B. television came out 50 years ago and it is useless now

C. a radio is more expensive than a television

D. people can use headphones to read books

D

Flying through Time

1. The first machine to carry people up in the air was a big ball. People put a lot of hot air inside it. Because hot air is lighter than cold air, it can fly into the air. It was built by the Montgolfier brothers in 1783.

4. In 1919, John Alcock and Arthur Whiteen Brown made the first flight across the Atlantic. They made the flight without stop. It was a great success.

5. Then in 1939,

Igor Sikorsky

made the first

helicopter. A

helicopter is a

kind of plane with

something long

and thin turning

on top. It can

take off straight

up and land

straight down.

2. Over the next

hundred years,

people tried to

make other kinds

of machines fly.

6. The De

Havilland Comet

was the world’s

first commercial

passenger jet. It

made its first

flight in 1949.

From then on,

more and more

people began

traveling by air

because it can

save a lot of

time.

3. In 1903, the

first real plane was

made but it could fly

in the air for only 12

seconds. It was

made by Orville and

Wilbur Wright.

They joined the

engine to something

that went round fast

to make the plane go

forward.

7. In 1969,

Concorde was made.

It was faster than

sound. But because

it cost too much

money, it stopped

flying in 2003.

52. People put hot air into the ball because ______.

A. the weather was very cold

B. hot air is lighter than cold air

C. people inside needed to keep warm

D. they had to put something inside the ball

53. Who made the first real plane?

A. Igor Sikorsky.

B. Orville and Wilbur Wright.

C. Montgolfier brothers.

D. John Alcock and Arthur Whiteen Brown.

54. When was Concorde made?

A. In 1969.

B. In 1949.

C. In 1919.

D. In 2003.

55. How do you understand the title of the reading “Flying through T ime”?

A. The future of the plane.

B. A journey by plane.

C. A brief history of flight.

D. The importance of flight.

第二部分（非选择题共45分）

一、听力理解（共5小题，5分）

第二节：听下面两段对话，根据题目要求在相应题号后的横线上写下关键信息。每题你有2秒钟时间阅读，并准备作答。每段对话你将听两遍。每听完一遍，每题你将有5秒钟时间写下或核实你的记录。书写要字迹清楚、工整。

听下面一段对话，根据题目要求在相应题号后的横线上写下第1题至第2题的关键信息。

Tele Message

◆Name: Tom (1)

◆Message: Arrive on (2) 9th

◆Telephone No.: 87012672

听下面一段对话，根据题目要求在相应题号后的横线上写下第3题至第5题的关键信息。

Meeting Card

◆Day: (3)

◆Time: (4)

◆Room: (5)

二、阅读理解（共5小题, 10分）

第二节：阅读下面的短文和问题，根据短文内容，在相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息（不多于三个单词），完成对该问题的回答。答语要结构正确，书写工整，字迹清楚。

We all love bubbles. They float through the air like little glass balls, shining with colors and light.

You can make bubbles with dishwashing soap and a paper cup. Soap makes the water stick together in a round shape. The bubbles you blow will

? A large bowl

? A spoon

? 4 cups of water

? 5 tablespoons of dishwashing soap

? A pair of scissors

? A paper cup

1. Fill the bowl with the water.

2. Add the dishwashing soap into the water and mix them together.

3. Cut a small hole in the bottom of the paper cup. This is the hole that you will blow through.

4. Dip the top rim of the cup into the soapy water. Slowly lift the cup out of the bowl. There should be a thin

“window” of soapy water filling the open space of the cup.

5. Slowly put your mouth up to the hole in the bottom of the cup. Gently blow air through the hole. A big bubble

will rise into the air!

For a party, you can make a bowl of soapy water and a paper cup bubble-blower for each friend. Just think of how many bubbles you can make together!

1. What do bubbles look like?

______________________

2. Which step tells you to add dishwashing soap into the water?

______________________

3. To blow more bubbles, which two steps should you do again?

______________________

4. What might be the topic of Paragraph 3?

______________________

5. What is the passage mainly about? ______________________

三、书面表达（共30分）

根据题目所提出的具体要求，写出一篇连贯完整的短文。词数不少于60。

互联网上有一个世界各国中学生的交友网站。请你根据下面提供的信息，用英语完成一份个人情况介绍，并说明你交友的愿望及原因。

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(完整版)高中英语必修一第一单元课文原文和翻译

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图1 高中物理学习材料 （灿若寒星**整理制作） 四川省什邡中学高一物理 《力》单元检测题 命题人： 姓名： 学号： 一、选择题（以下题目所给出的四个答案中，有一个或多个是正确的，每题4分，共48分） 1．一物体静止在斜面上，下面说法正确的是 ( ) A ．物体受斜面的作用力，垂直斜面向上 B ．物体所受重力可分解为平行于斜面的下滑力和对斜面的正压力 C ．只要物体不滑动，它受的摩擦力随斜面倾角的增大而减小 D ．一旦物体沿斜面下滑，它所受的摩擦力将随斜面倾角的增大而减小 2．如图1所示，传送带向上匀速运动，将一木块轻轻放在倾斜的传送带上．则关于木块受 到的摩擦力，以下说法中正确的是 ( ) A ．木块所受的摩擦力方向沿传送带向上 B ．木块所受的合力有可能为零 C ．此时木块受到四个力的作用 D ．木块所受的摩擦力方向有可能沿传送带向下 3．如图2所示，一倾斜木板上放一物体，当板的倾角θ逐渐增大 时，物体始终保持静止，则物体所受 ( ) A ．支持力变大 B ．摩擦力变大 C ．合外力恒为零 D ．合外力变大 4． 用绳AC 和BC 吊起一重物处于静止状态，如图3所示． 若AC 能承 受的最大拉力为150 N ，BC 能承受的最大拉力为105 N ，那么，下列正确的说法是 ( ) A ．当重物的重力为150 N 时，AC 、BC 都不断，AC 拉力比BC 拉力大 B ．当重物的重力为150 N 时，A C 、BC 都不断，AC 拉力比BC 拉力小 C ．当重物的重力为175 N 时，AC 不断，BC 刚好断 D ．当重物的重力为200 N 时，AC 断，BC 也断 5．下列各组共点的三个力,可能平衡的有 ( ) 图 2 图3

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【教学重点】 1．学习并掌握重点词汇和短语：stuff, focus on, memorize, elsewhere, repeat, apply, reconsider, value, ought, situation, critical, skill, valuable, career, employee, detail, analyze, jigsaw puzzle, official, negative, effect, curiosity, question. 2．能理解、应用句型： a．She knows what to study, but not why it is important. b．What are the negative effects of modem education on students? 【教学难点】 1．学生对本课内容主旨大意的准确理解。 2．材料的理解及听力技巧的掌握。 【教学准备】 1．教师准备：多媒体课件、音响。 2．学生准备：课本及其他学习用品。 【教学过程】 Step 1 Warm-up and greeting Daytime greeting to every student and ask students to discuss the questions in groups. Step 2 Reading 1．Ask students to discuss questions according to the text. Then answer the following question.

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ANNE’S BEST FRIEND Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts? Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you, or would not understand what you are going through? Anne Frank wanted the first kind, so she made her diary her best friend. Anne lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War II. Her family was Jewish so they had to hide or they would be caught by the German Nazis. She and her family hid away for nearly twenty-five months before they were discovered. During that time the only true friend was her diary. She said, “I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do, but I want this diary itself to be my friend, and I shall call my friend Kitty.”Now read how she felt after being in the hiding place since July 1942. Thursday 15th June, 1942 Dear Kitty, I wondered if it is because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. That’s changed since I came here. …For example, one evening when it was so warm, I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven in order to have a good look at the moon by myself. But as the moon gave far too much light, I didn’t dare to open a window. Another time five months ago, I happened to be upstairs at dusk when the window was open. I didn’t go downstairs until the window had to be shut. The dark, rainy evening, the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power; it was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face… …Sadly …I am only able to look at nature through dirty curtains hanging before very dusty windows. It’s no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced. Yours, Anne

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Unit 1 ANNE’S BEST FRIEND Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts? Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you, or would not understand what you are going through? Anne Frank wanted the first kind, so she made her diary her best friend. Anne lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War II. Her family was Jewish so they had to hide or they would be caught by the German Nazis. She and her family hid away for nearly twenty-five months before they were discovered. During that time the only true friend was her diary. She said, “I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do, but I want this diary itself to be my friend, and I shall call my friend Kitty.”Now read how she felt after being in the hiding place since July 1942. Thursday 15th June, 1942 Dear Kitty, I wondered if it is because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. That’s changed since I came here. …For example, one evening when it was so warm, I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven in order to have a good look at the moon by myself. But as the moon gave far too much light, I didn’t dare to open a window. Another time five months ago, I happened to be upstairs at dusk when the window was open. I didn’t go downstairs until the window had to be shut. The dark, rainy evening, the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power; it was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face… …Sadly …I am only able to look at nature through dirty curtains hanging before very dusty windows. It’s no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced. Yours, Anne Unit 2 English around the world The road to modern English At the end of the 16th century, about five to seven million people spoke English. Nearly all of them lived in England. Later in the next century, people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world and because of that, English began to be spoken in many other countries. Today, more people speak English as their first, second or foreign language than ever before. Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English. Look at this example: British Betty: Would you like to see my flat? American Amy: Yes. I’d like to come up to your apartment. So why has English changed over time? Actually, all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other. At first, the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today. It was based more on German than the English we speak at present. Then gradually between about AD 800 and 1150, English became less like German because those who ruled England spoke first Danish and later French. These new settlers enriched the English language and especially its vocabulary.

(完整word版)新课标高中英语必修一单词表(纯中文).doc

U n i t 1 1. ; 2. 合 3. a d j . 心 意 乱 的 ; 不安 的 ， 不适 的 4. 不理睬 ;忽 5. v t .&v i . （使）平静 ; （ 使adj.平静的 ; 定 的 ;沉着的 6. （使）平静下来 7. 不得不 ;必 8. （使）担心 ;涉及 ; 关系到 n. 担心 ; 关注 ;（利害）关 系 9. 关心 ;挂念 10. 溜狗 11. adj 松的 ;松开的 12. 医 13. ; 受 14. 阿姆斯特丹（荷 首都） 15. 荷 （西欧国家） 16. 犹 太 人 的 ; 犹 太族的 17. 德 国 的 ; 德 国 人 的 ;德 的 . 18. 粹 党 人 adj. 粹党的 19. 下 ;放下 ;登 20. ，系列 21. 一 串 的 ; 一 系列 ;一套 22. 在 外 ;在野外 23. 迷住 ;疑惑 24. 故意 25. 了 26. 黄昏傍晚 27. 在黄昏 刻 28. vi 打雷雷 n. 雷，雷声

必修一 29. a d j . 整 个 的 ; 完 全 的 ; 全部的 30. a d v . 完 全 地 ; 全 然地 ; 整 个地 31. 能力 ; 力量 ; 力。 32. 面 面地 33. 窗帘 ; 帘 ;幕布 34. adj 灰 的 35. 不再 36. 伙伴．合作者．合伙人 37. 安家 ; 定居 ; 停留 vt 使定居 ;安排 ; 解决 38. vt & 遭受 ;忍受 39. 遭受 ; 患病 40. 孤 寂寞 41. 公路 42. 痊愈 ; 恢复 43. ? 44. 捆扎；包装打行李 n 小包 ;包裹 45. 将（ 西）装箱打包 46. 手提箱 ;衣箱 47. 大衣外套 48. 十几 的青少年 49. 与?相 . 展 50. ; 51. 相 ; 上 52. 确 如此 ;正是 ; 确切地 53. 不同意 54. 感 激 的 ; 表 示意的 55. 不喜 ; 56. 参加 ; 加入 57. 提示 ; 技巧 ;尖 ;尖端;小 vt. 斜 ; 翻倒 58. 第二 ; 其次 59. 交 60. 目 ; 条款 - 1 -

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人教版高中英语单词表必修一 unit1 survey 调查，测验 add up 合计 upset 心烦意乱的，不安的，不适的（upset，upset)使不安，使心烦ignore 不理睬，忽视 calm （使）平静，（使）镇定，平静的，镇定的，沉着的 calm down （使）平静下来，（使）镇定下来 have got to 不得不，必须 concern （使）担忧，涉及，关系到，担心，关注，（利害）关系be concerned about 关心，挂念， walk the dog 遛狗 loose 松的，松开的 vet 兽医 go through 经历，经受 Amsterdam 阿姆斯特丹 Netherlands 荷兰 jewish 犹太人的 German 德国的 Nazi 纳粹党人 set down 记下，放下，登记 series 连续，系列

a series of 一连串的，一系列，一套 Kitty 基蒂 outdoors 在户外，在野外 spellbind (spellbound,spellbound) 迷住，迷惑on purpose 故意 in order to 为了 dusk 黄昏，傍晚 at dusk 在黄昏时刻 thunder 打雷，雷鸣 entire 整个的，完全的，全部的 entirely 完全地，全然地，整个地 power 能力，力量，权力 face to face 面对面地 curtain 窗帘，门帘，幕布 dusty 积满灰尘的 no longer/not any longer 不再 partner 伙伴，合作者，合伙人 settle 安家，定居，停留，使定居，安排，解决suffer 遭受，忍受，经历 suffer from 遭受，患病 loneliness 孤单，寂寞 highway 公路，大路

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