“作状语的介词短语句首引起倒装句”基本用法和经典题目

“作状语的介词短语放于句首引起的倒装句”的基本用法

有时为了强调而将作状语的介词短语放在句首，而将主语放到句末从而形成倒装，这种倒装句中的谓语多为以下不及物动词：come, lie, stand, walk, 且为全部倒装的形式。例如：Under the big tree was sitting an old farmer. 大树下坐着一个老农夫。// Along the dusty road came a group of tourists. 一群游客沿着尘土飞扬的路走来。// In the distance could be seen the purple mountains. 在远处，可见到紫红色的群山。

采用这样的倒装形式有时也是出于全句平衡的考虑：当主语较长时，为了使句子平衡，常以作状语的介词短语开头。例如：On the ground lay some air conditioners, which are to be shipped to some other cities. 地上放着一些空调，它们会被船运到其他城市去。

介词短语置于句置时的倒装说明

■在通常情况下，介词短语置于句置时其后的句子是不用倒装的。如：

At the end there may be an index. 结尾处可能有索引。

On the platform she kissed her mother. 她在月台上吻了她的母亲。

Before the meeting I looked through the reports. 开会前我把报告看了一遍。

From the balloon we could see the town far below. 从热气球上我们可以看到下方远处的

小镇。

■但是，有时为了保持句子平衡或使上下文衔接紧密，有时可将用作地点状语的介词短语置于句首，此时句中主语和谓语完全倒装。这类句子所涉及的动词通常是表示姿势的不及动词(如crouch, hang, lie, sit, stand等)和表示行动的不及物动词（如come, die, go, run, live, rise 等）。如：

On the door hung a big sign. 门上挂着一个大招牌。

Over the wall came a shower of stones. 从墙上飞来一阵石块。

Round the comer came Mrs Porter. 波特夫人在拐角上出现了。

On the top of the hill stood an old castle. 山丘上有一座古堡。

Under the road run pipes for gas and water. 在马路下面铺着煤气管道和自来水管。

Before them lay miles of undulating moorland. 他们前面是一片高低起伏的荒原。

■少数情况下，及物动词的被动语态有时也可以倒装。如：

In the distance could be seen the purple mountains. 远处可以见到紫色的山。

■另外，有时用于句首的介词短语也可能是句子表语，此时要注意其中的谓语应与其后的主语保持一致，而不是与位于句首的表语保持一致。比较：

In the box was a cat. 箱子里是一只猫。

In the box were some cats. 箱子里是一些猫。

地点状语后的倒装

地点状语后面如有表示位置的动词 (如lie, live, sit, stand) 或转移的动词 (如come, go, rise)，用作主语的名词可以放在动词之后。这种情形主要出现在描写文中。如：At the top of the hill stood the tiny chapel. 那座小教堂矗立在山顶上。

In the fields of poppies lay the dying soldiers. 罂粟地里躺着奄奄一息的士兵们。

别的动词如属被动语态也可以倒装。

In the distance could be seen the purple mountains. 远处可以见到紫色的山。

主语如是代词则不能倒装：

At the top of the hill it stood out against the sky. 它背衬青天矗立在山顶上。

［考题1］Just in front of our house ____ with a history of 1,000 years. (2006上海春)

A. does a tall tree stand

B. stands a tall tree

C. a tall tree is standing

D. a tall tree stands

［答案］B

［解析］状语前置引起全部倒装，主语a tall tree要完全放于谓语stands之后。

［考题2］At the foot of the mountain ____. (2006四川)

A. a village lie

B. lies a village

C. does a village lie

D. lying a village

［答案］B

［解析］状语前置引起全部倒装，主语a village要完全放于谓语lies之后。

［考题3］In the dark forests ____, some large enough to hold several English towns. (2005辽宁)

A. stand many lakes

B. lie many lakes

C. many lakes lie

D. many lakes stand

［答案］B

［解析］状语前置引起全部倒装，主语many lakes要完全放于谓语lies(stand通常不与lake连用表示“存在”)之后。

only在句首要倒装的情况

一only在句首要倒装的情况 Only in this way, can you learn English well. Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting. 二only引导的词组或句子放在句首作状语时，通常要用倒装结构。如: Only in this way can you solve the problem. 只有通过这种方式你才能解决问题。 Only if you study hard can you pass the exam. 只有努力学习才能通过考试。 Only then did I realize my mistake. 只有那时我才意识到错了。 注意：如果放于句首的only所修饰的不是状语时，该句不用倒装。例如：Only John can save me. 只有约翰能够救我。Only some of the children passed the examination. 只有几个孩子通过了考试。 ［考题1］____ by keeping down costs will Power Data hold its advantage over other companies. (2006浙江) A. Only B. Just C. Still D. Yet ［答案］A ［解析］放于句首的only修饰方式状语by keeping down costs时，全句要进行部分倒装，而just, still, yet都无此用法。 ［考题2］Only in this way ____ to make improvements in the operating system. (2003上海春) A. you can hope B. you did hope C. can you hope D. did you hope ［答案］C ［解析］only在题干中放于句首并修饰方式状语in this way，全句应进行部分倒装。又由于该句不是介绍过去的情况而是表述现实的一种状况，所以不应采用一般过去时，本题应选C。 ［考题3］____ can you expect to get a rise. (2001北京、安徽春) A. With hard work B. Although work hard C. Only with hard work D. Now that he works hard ［答案］C ［解析］题干中句子的结构显然为部分倒装语序，四个选项中只有C选项修饰方式状语with hard work的only可以引导倒装句，因此本题应选C。

高中英语之介词和介词短语知识点

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常考介词辨析 介词是英语中最活跃的词类之一，使用频率相当高，其用法跟冠词一样复杂。 1、表示相同或相似概念的介词（短语）的区别

2、常见同一形容词与不同介词搭配时意义上的差别 3、容易混淆的含有介词固定搭配的词组

4、常用介词辨异 ①about,on,of 关于 （1）on 多用于慎重的、正式的语言交际场合。常见于”学术上”的”论文”或”演说”等题目，可供专门研究这一问题的人阅读，有”论及”之意。 （2）about表示的内容多为普遍、不那么正式，有”述及”之意。 （3）of作”关于”讲，表示提及、涉及某人（事）时，只表示事情存在或发生，并不涉及详情；有时与about意义相

高考英语-介词与介词短语-专题练习(五)有答案

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英语介词用法大全

英语介词用法大全 TTA standardization office【TTA 5AB- TTAK 08- TTA 2C】

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介词和介词短语(知识梳理)

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中考英语总复习专题四介词和介词短语满分突破试题(含解析)

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英语介词的分类及用法精编版

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5. 专题五 介词及介词短语

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介词短语置于句置时的倒装

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