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英汉翻译和汉英翻译 异同点

英汉翻译和汉英翻译 异同点
英汉翻译和汉英翻译 异同点

On similarities and differences between English-Chinese and Chinese-English translation The awareness of major difference between Chinese and English are the basis for successful translation between them. As a result of it, we need first make comparisons and contrasts between the two languages.

The most important difference between the two languages lies in parataxis and hypo taxis. Chinese language tends to be a parataxis language, that is, connectives between different parts of the sentence or between clauses are not compulsory. Chinese has no relative words and uses fewer conjunctions than English, while English tends to be a hypo taxis language, which uses a lot of complex sentence structures and relations between clauses that must be expressed by conjunctions or other relieve words. For example, let us see a Chinese passage and its English translation.1)今天晚上,很好的月光。(《狂人日记》)The moon is extremely bright tonight.2)午后便步行至鹊华桥,雇了一只小船,荡起双桨。朝北不远,便到了历下亭前。上岸进去,入了大门,便是一个亭子,油漆已大半剥蚀完了。亭上还悬着一幅对联,写的是:“历下此古亭,济南名士多。”(《老残游记》)After lunch he walked to the sparrow Flower Bridge, where he hires a small boat and paddled along towards the north. Soon he reached the LiXia pavilion. Then he stepped ashore and went in, and when he entered the gate he saw another pavilion, the paint off which was practically all worn off, and on its front columns were two scrolls with the following words:“The pavilion is ancient as history; Jinan is full of scholars.’’

English sentences have comparatively “complete ’’structure .In contra st, many Chinese sentences seem to be loose in structure; many seem to be “incomplete”.Chinese is a typical analytical language, of which grammatical meanings are expressed mostly through lexical means and word order , and that is why Chinese is also called an isolating language. The

relation between different parts of a clause or between clauses is also very loose in Chinese, which is often compared as “flowing water”. Wang Li(王力)once remarked that English is a language of “rule of law”(meaning it has strict grammar rules)while Chinese is a language of “rule of man”(people can express their ideas more freely as long as they can understand each other in an agreed way).For example, no matter how complicated they may look, English sentences can be summed up to be of three basic sentence pattern.1)“S+P (intransitive verb)”2)”S+P(transitive verb)+O”3)”S+P(linking verb)+Predictive”But so far there is no agreement on how many basic sentences patterns there are in Chinese. Comparatively Chinese syntactic structures seem to be of a much greater number and very loose.

What’s more, Chinese language tends to be of verbal while English tend to be of steadiness. Let us see an English passage and its Chinese translation. “Spring has so mush more than speech in its unfolding flowers and leaves, and the coursing of its streams, and

in its restless seeking.”Its Chinese translation is ;春花含苞待放,绿叶缓缓舒展,溪水潺潺流淌,欢乐的春天涌动着无限的追求和希望,这一切难以用语言表达。

Both of the translations to Chinese and to English are not only a kind of a conversion from one form to another among words, sentence patterns but the different cultures. Here I would like to illuminate my point based on examples of advertisement translation. A piece of Chinese ad will probably goes as follow , “xx产品采用国内最先进设备与技术,由具有多年操作经验的一线员工精心打造而成,是目前国内最具竞争力的新型产品…”While you are trying to translate it into English, “xx product is among the best in China; it is the most promising high-end product manufactured by skilled workers …”What it will be like? Foreign customers may feel confused as they hardly believe how the company makes their

products different from others since they can’t find any specialty and advantage in that product.

They will pay more attention to the details and facts, and tha t’s what they are thinking. Another English example is, as we are all familiar with, “Intel inside”in Intel business, which some Chinese people may cannot understand either. However, as we are stepping into the global business, we’d understand this culture gap so that we can be well recognized by international business.

The similarities and differences between translations of the two languages actually reflect cognition conversion between Chinese people and western people. Translation is a tough job but full of honor. A successful translator should be a learned, careful, serious and responsible person who not only does the job professionally but put all his energies into his country. He is a professional, , a culture transmitter, ambassador and a patriot!

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【英语】高三英语翻译试题经典及解析

【英语】高三英语翻译试题经典及解析 一、高中英语翻译 1.高中英语翻译题:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1.我习惯睡前听点轻音乐。(accustomed) 2.将来过怎样的生活取决于你自己。(be up to) 3.没有什么比获准参加太空旅行项目更令人兴奋的了。(than) 4.家长嘱咐孩子别在河边嬉戏,以免遭遇不测。(for fear) 5.虽然现代社会物资丰富,给予消费者更多的选择,但也使不少人变成购物狂。(turn) 【答案】 1.I’m accustomed to listening to some light music before sleep. 2.It’s up to you what kind of life will lead in the future. 3.There is nothing more exciting than being allowed to take part in the space travel programme. 4.Parents ask their kids not to play by the river for fear that something terrible might happen. 5.While modern society, rich in material resources,has given consumers more choice, it turns many of them into crazy shoppers. 【解析】试题分析: 1.翻译这句话的时候,注意词组:be ac customed to doing“习惯于做……”。 2.这句话使用了句型:It’s up to you +从句,“做….由某人决定”。这里what kind of life will lead in the future.是主语从句,it是形式主语。 3.这句话使用了There be句型, nothing 后面是形容词做定语,因为是比较的含义用形容词的比较级more exciting,还有词组“被允许做”be allowed to ,以及词组“参加”:take part in 。 4.这句话使用了for fear that 引导目的状语从句,和词组“让某人不要做……”ask sb. not to do. 5.这句话使用了连词While 表示“尽管,虽然”。词组“富含”be rich in ,主句中使用了词组turn…. into …..“将…变成…”。 考点:考查翻译句子 2.高中英语翻译题:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1.这场因无视规则引发的事故值得我们深思。(ignore) _________________________ 2.梦想还是要有的,但不努力就不可能实现。(unless) _________________________ 3.正是这次经历才让我明白,我不该太过忙碌而错过生活的恩赐。(It) _________________________ 4.当前有一个非常令人费解的现象:一些年轻父母们宁愿把很多钱投资在早教上,也不愿

经典英语格言带翻译

经典英语格言带翻译 Time flies. 光阴似箭. Time is life. 时间就是生命. Times change. 时代在改变. Time is money. 时间就是金钱. Life is sweet. 人生是美好的. Love is blind. 爱情是盲目的. Extremes meet. 两极相通,有无相生。 Like knows like 人识其类。 Let well alone. 不要画蛇添足. /事已成功,不必多弄. Marry thy like. 结婚须找同类人. One man,no man. 个人是渺小的. Hsitory is bunk. 历史是一堆废话。 Time marches on. 岁月如流 Murder will out. 恶行终会败露。 Never say "die'. 永远不要说" 完了". Care is no cure. 忧虑治不了病。 Beware beginning. 慎始为上。 Deeds, not words. 行动胜于空谈. No mill, no meal. 不磨面,没饭吃.

Like begets like. 龙生龙,凤生凤。 Love begets love. 爱爱相生. In doing we learn. 我们在干中学习. No cross,no crown. 未经苦难,得不到荣冠. Care killed a cat. 忧虑能杀人。 Boys will be boys. 男孩子总是男孩子. No song, no supper. 不出力,不得食. The truth will out. 真相总会大白. Time works wonders. 时间能创造奇迹. To think is to see. 思考就是明白. Truth will prevail. 真理必胜 A lie begets a lie. 谎言生谎言。 Years bring wisdom. 年岁带来智慧. In love is no lack. 爱情不会感到缺乏. Easy come, easy go. 来得容易去得 . /悖入悖出. Every little helps. 点滴都有用. Forgive and forget. 恢弘大度,勿念旧恶。Manners maketh man. 举止造人品. Laugh and grow fat. 心宽体胖。 Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量. Let the world slide. 人世沧桑,听其自然.

英汉翻译的基本方法和技巧

英汉翻译的基本方法和技巧 翻译是信息交流过程中极其复杂的社会心理现象。语言知识是翻译的基础。此外,翻译还涉及到推理、判断、分析和综合等复杂的心理认识过程。翻译的方法和技巧是翻译工作者在长期的实践中根据两种语言的特点总结归纳出来的一般规律。这些规律可以指导我们的翻译实践,使我们能更自觉、更灵活地处理翻译过程中所遇到的各种语言现象。下面就英译汉中的一些方法和技巧结合翻译实例作一概述。 1.词义的选择 ? 一词多义和一词多类是英汉两种语言都有的一种语言现象。因此,在平日的翻译练习和测试中,我们在弄清原文句子结构后,务必注意选择和确定句中关键词的词类和词义,以保证译文的质量。通常可从以下三个方面来考虑词义选择: 1)根据词在句中的词类来选择词义 例如:Censorship is for the good of society as a whole. Like the law, it contributes to the common good. [译文]:审查是为了整个社会的利益。它像法律一样维护公众利益。 [注释]:本句中like作介词,意为"像……一样"。但like作动词用,则意为"喜欢;想要"。例如:He likes films with happy endings. (他喜欢结局好的电影。)又如:Would you like to leave a message (你要不要留个话儿)此外,like还可以作形容词用,意为"相同的",如:Like charges repel; unlike charges attract.(电荷同性相斥,异性相吸。) 2)根据上下文和词在句中的搭配关系选择词义 例1According to the new school of scientists, technology is an overlooked force in expanding the horizons of scientific knowledge. [译文]:新学派的科学家们认为,技术在扩大科学知识范围过程中是一种被忽视的力量。 [注释]:school一词常被误译为"学校",其实,school还有一个词义"学派"。可见,正确选择词义对译文质量有重要影响,而文章的上下文和逻辑联系是翻译中选择词义的重要依据。 例2Now since the assessment of intelligence is a comparative matter we must be sure that the scale with which we are comparing our subjects provides a "valid" or "fair" comparison. [译文]:既然对智力的评估是比较而言的,那么我们必须确保,在对我们的对象进行比较时,我们所使用的尺度要能提供"有效的"和"公平的"比较。

最新七年级英语上册任务型阅读经典例题(word)1

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英语翻译例子

Translation Work 1 The evidence has gotten much stronger that a substance known as C-reactive protein may be every bit as important as cholesterol in the diagnosis and treatment of heart disease. Back in 2002, a thought-provoking study found that a blood test for C-reactive protein, called CRP, was actually better than the standard cholesterol test at predicting the risk of a heart attack or a stroke. Now two studies published in The New England Journal of Medicine have shown that drugs that reduce the levels of that protein in patients with severe heart disease can show the progression of atherosclerosis and prevent heart attacks and cardiac-related deaths. 更有力的证据证明一种被称作C反应蛋白的物质在诊断与治疗心脏疾病中有可能与胆固醇一样重要。早在2002年,人们在一个发人深省的研究中已发现血液C反应蛋白测试,即CRP,比胆固醇水平测试能更好地预测心脏病或中风的风险。现今,在《新英格兰医学期刊》中刊登的两则研究表明,用以减少患有严重心脏病的病人中的C反应蛋白水平的药物可以显示病者动脉粥样硬化的进展,并且该种药物还可以预防心脏病、降低因患与心脏相关疾病而死亡的风险。

经典中文英文翻译

经典中文的英译 但愿人长久,千里共婵娟。 We wish each other a long life so as to share the beauty of this graceful moonlight, even though miles apart. 独在异乡为异客,每逢佳节倍思亲。 A lonely stranger in a strange land I am cast, I miss my family all the more on every festive day. 大江东去,浪淘尽,千古风流人物。 The endless river eastward flows; with its huge waves are gone all those gallant heroes of bygone years. 二人同心,其利断金。 If two people are of the same mind, their sharpness can cut through metal. 富贵不能淫,贫贱不能移,威武不能曲,此之谓大丈夫。 It is a true great man whom no money and rank can confuse, no poverty and hardship can shake, and no power and force can suffocate. 海内存知己,天涯若比邻。 A bosom friend afar brings distance near.

合抱之木,生于毫末,九层之台,起于累土;千里之行始于足下。 A huge tree that fills one’s arms grows f rom a tiny seedling; a nine-storied tower rises from a heap of earth; a thousand li journey starts with the first step. 祸兮,福之所依;福兮,祸之所伏。 Misfortune, that is where happiness depends; happiness, that is where misfortune underlies. 见贤思齐焉,见不贤而内自省也。 On seeing a man of virtue, try to become his equal; on seeing a man without virtue, examine yourself not to have the same defects. 江山如此多娇,引无数英雄尽折腰。 This land so rich in beauty has made countless heroes bow in homage. 举头望明月,低头思故乡。 Raising my head, I see the moon so bright; withdrawing my eyes, my nostalgia comes around. 俱往矣,数风流人物,还看今朝。 All are past and gone; we look to this age for truly great men.

【英语】英语翻译练习题20篇及解析

【英语】英语翻译练习题20篇及解析 一、高中英语翻译 1.高中英语翻译题:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1.我习惯睡前听点轻音乐。(accustomed) 2.将来过怎样的生活取决于你自己。(be up to) 3.没有什么比获准参加太空旅行项目更令人兴奋的了。(than) 4.家长嘱咐孩子别在河边嬉戏,以免遭遇不测。(for fear) 5.虽然现代社会物资丰富,给予消费者更多的选择,但也使不少人变成购物狂。(turn) 【答案】 1.I’m accustomed to listening to some light music before sleep. 2.It’s up to you what kind of life will lead in the future. 3.There is nothing more exciting than being allowed to take part in the space travel programme. 4.Parents ask their kids not to play by the river for fear that something terrible might happen. 5.While modern society, rich in material resources,has given consumers more choice, it turns many of them into crazy shoppers. 【解析】试题分析: 1.翻译这句话的时候,注意词组:be ac customed to doing“习惯于做……”。 2.这句话使用了句型:It’s up to you +从句,“做….由某人决定”。这里what kind of life will lead in the future.是主语从句,it是形式主语。 3.这句话使用了There be句型, nothing 后面是形容词做定语,因为是比较的含义用形容词的比较级more exciting,还有词组“被允许做”be allowed to ,以及词组“参加”:take part in 。 4.这句话使用了for fear that 引导目的状语从句,和词组“让某人不要做……”ask sb. not to do. 5.这句话使用了连词While 表示“尽管,虽然”。词组“富含”be rich in ,主句中使用了词组turn…. into …..“将…变成…”。 考点:考查翻译句子 2.高中英语翻译题:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1.今年元旦我们玩得很开心。(enjoy) 2.舅舅昨天寄给我一张卡片,祝贺我18岁生日。(congratulate) 3.经过多年的建设,这个小镇现在和地震前一样充满了活力。(as...as) 4.演出以一段五十多岁的人耳熟能详的经典音乐开始。(familiar) 5.她一看完那个关于已灭绝物种的电视节目,就立志加入野生动物保护组织。(No sooner)【答案】

(英语)高三英语翻译试题经典

(英语)高三英语翻译试题经典 一、高中英语翻译 1.高中英语翻译题:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 1.美食是人们造访上海的乐趣之一。(visit) 2.街头艺术家运用创意将鲜艳明亮的色彩带进了老社区。(bring) 3.在你生命中,如果有一个人你需要对他说对不起,那么就去向他道歉吧。(apology)4.这个游戏的独特之处在于它让孩子学会如何应对现实生活中的问题。(what) 5.申请材料需要精心准备,这样你心仪的学校才会对你的能力有全面、准确地了解。(in order that) 【答案】 1.Delicious food is one of the pleasures when people visit Shanghai. 2.Street artists bring bright and vivid colors into older neighborhoods with originality 3.If there is someone to whom you need say sorry in your life, make an apology to him. 4.What makes this game peculiar lies in that it teaches kids how to handle the problems in real life. 5.The applications should be carefully prepared in order that the school you like can have an overall and accurate knowledge of your abilities. 【解析】 【分析】 1.本句重点考察两个知识点。一个是乐趣之一,说明此处的乐趣应该用复数,必须是可数名词,因此选择pleasure。另一个是题目中给出的visit,需要谨慎处理,是用做动词还是名词。此处我们给出一个时间状语从句when people visit Shanghai,同时还可使用其他从句进行处理。所以答案是Delicious food is one of the pleasures when people visit Shanghai. 2.本题难度不大,重点是明亮的色彩的表达,可以使用bright colors, 也可以使用bright and vivid colors. 所以答案是Street artists bring bright and vivid colors into older neighborhoods with originality 3.本题考查there be + 定语从句从而构成条件状语从句。另外考察“道歉”用“make apology to sb.”。所以答案是If there is someone to whom you need say sorry in your life, make an apology to him. 4.本题考察what引导的主语从句,以及“be peculiar to”的用法。所以答案是What makes this game peculiar lies in that it teaches kids how to handle the problems in real life. 5.本题主要考固定词组的掌握,为了使用in order that引导出的目的状语从句。另外也考查 preferred school,have…knowledge/ understanding of…,overall,accurate等。所以答案是The applications should be carefully prepared in order that the school you like can have an overall and accurate knowledge of your abilities. 【考点定位】翻译句子

英文翻译范例

毕业设计(论文)英文翻译 课题名称 系 部 专 业 班 级 学 号 姓 名 指导教师 校内: 校外: 2012年4月5日

原文: CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPUTER INTRUSION AND KINDS OF SECURITY BREACHES CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPUTER INTRUSION AND KINDS OF SECURITY BREACHES 1.CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPUTER INTRUSION The target of a crime involving computers may be any piece of the computing system.A computing system is a collection of hardware,software,storage media,data,and persons that an organization uses to do computing tasks.Whereas the obvious target of a bank robbery is cash,a list of names and addresses of depositors might be valuable to a competing bank.The list might be on paper,recorded on a magnetic medium,stored in internal computer memory,or transmitted electronically across a medium such as a telephone line.This multiplicity of targets makes computer security difficult.In any security system,the weakest point is the most serious vulnerability.A robber intent on stealing something from your house will not attempt to penetrate a two-inch thick metal door if a window gives easier access.A sophisticated perimeter physical security system does not compensate for unguarded access by means of a simple telephone line and a modem.The “weakest point” philosophy can be restated as the following principle.

经典英语翻译

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No. 272, Bayi Road, Nanyang City Henan Prov. China 473000 528400广东中山市东区亨达花园7栋702 李有财 Li Youcai Room 702, 7th Building Hengda Garden, East District Zhongshan, China 528400 361012福建省厦门市莲花五村龙昌里34号601室李有财 Li Youcai Room 601, No. 34 Long Chang Li Xiamen, Fujian, China 361012 361004厦门公交总公司承诺办李有财 Mr. Li Youcai Cheng Nuo Ban, Gong Jiao Zong Gong Si Xiamen, Fujian, China 361004 266042山东省青岛市开平路53号国棉四厂二宿舍1号楼2单元204户甲李有财Mr. Li Youcai NO. 204, A, Building NO. 1 The 2nd Dormitory of the NO. 4 State-owned Textile Factory 53 Kaiping Road, Qingdao, Shandong, China 266042

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