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商务信函常用词汇

商务信函常用词汇
商务信函常用词汇

5.3 Words and phrases used in the

1.be interested in

“be interested in”这一短语在日常英语中表示的是“对某事感兴趣”,但在外贸信件中,这一短语被广泛应用,并逐渐获得了一种新的含义。在不同的上下文中,很难用“对...

感兴趣”这种一刀切的译法,否则,译文常常可能文理不通。

1)We would be interested in receiving your inquiries for all types of Electric Goods.

我们欢迎贵公司来函询购各种类型的电器产品。

2)Should you be interested(if you are interested in) in supplying(supply goods), we would be more than(very) pleased to enter into(establish) business activities with you.

如果贵公司有意供货,我方将十分乐意与贵公司建立贸易联系。

3)We are interested in(欢迎) your “Sea Gull” brand woman’s wrist watches and shall be glad if you should make us an offer(报盘) for 1000 pieces with details.

我们欲购贵厂海鸥牌女装手表,请报1000只详盘。

从以上三个句子可以看出,“be interested in”不仅仅表示对某事的一种“兴趣”,而且还明确的表示做某事的“意向”。当然,我们并不是说不能将“be interested in”译成“对...

感兴趣”,只是提醒读者,翻译时应根据不同的上下文,恰当措辞。

2.Appreciate

appreciate一词在外贸信件中广为应用,其基本意义为“感激”。它既可用于主动语态,也可用于被动语态,并且还有相对固定的格式,常用来表示一种委婉的请求。

1) We highly appreciate your effort in pushing the sale of our slippers.

appreciate sth.通常事情已经完成

承蒙贵方大力推销我方拖鞋,不甚感激。

2) We would appreciate(please) your sending us a catalogue of your Rubber Boots together with terms of payment and the largest discount you can allow.

appreciate doing没有完成,委婉的请求。

请寄橡胶鞋目录一份,并注明付款条件及最大折扣。

3)I would very much appreciate it if you could take our suggestion into consideration.

若对方能采取我方建议,我方将不甚感激。

4) We shall appreciate it if you will forward(please send) the following goods to the above address at your earliest convenience(as soon as possible).

appreciate it if/ be appreciated

请将下列货品尽快寄至上述地址。

5)Your inquiries for all types of electric goods would be appreciated. =be interested in

欢迎来函询购各种类型的电器产品。

6)Houses in this area have all appreciated since the new road was built.

自从新路建成,该区房价扶摇直上。

7)Because the company has been making large profits the market value of its shares is appreciating.

该公司一直非常盈利,其股票市值正趋上升。

3. be subject to

1) The treaty is subject to ratification批准.

本条约未经批准无效。(双重否定)

2)This contract is binding subject to the fulfillment of the following conditions. 2, 6, 7一组

本合同须满足下列条件方始生效。

3)This credit is subject to the Uniform Custom and Practice for commercial Documentary Credit.

本信用证以“跟单信用证统一惯例”为准。

4)Our prices are subject to fluctuation of the market.报价

我方价格得随市价波动而调整。

5)Foreign citizens in China are subject to Chinese laws.

中国境内的外国公民必须遵守中国法律。

6) The contracted goods could be delivered 发货,装运at any time subject to the availability of shipping space.

合同所订货物如有舱位可随时装运。

7)The purchaser shall have the full power, subject to the provisions hereinafter (in the rest of the document) contained, at any time during the contract时间状语to issue instructions to the contractor so as to alter, amend, omit, or add to any of the project services目的状语.

购买方享有充分权利在合同有效期间的任何时候向承包商发出指令,以对任何工程服务项目进行修改、补充、删减或增加,但在行使该权利的同时,购买方必须遵守本章下述条款。

8)Promotion is automatic subject to passing internal examination.动名词

只有通过内部考核,员工可自动升迁。重心在后。

9)This kind of glassware is subject to breakage likely to be broken during transit.

这种玻璃器皿在运输途中易受破损。

10)The schedule is subject to change without notice. 通知,运输

本时间表可随时更改,不另行通知。

4.responsibility/responsible for/; liability/ liable for

上面这组词,如译成汉语,都可译成“对……负责”,或“责任”,但如果是汉译英的话,就可能造成混乱了。事实上,这两个词(组)是有区别的,它们意思相近,但侧重点不同。根据Collins Business English Dictionary的释义,“responsible”有两个基本含义:一是“in charge of(对……负责,即享有权威,享有安排和督促有关事宜进行的职责)”,比如:You will be responsible for the conduct of the new sales campaign. (这次促销由你负责)二是“capable of being blamed(可能引咎受罚或遭到谴责)”,比如:If anything goes wrong, you will be held responsible.(事情如有差错,将由你负责)而“liable”则是指“being legally responsible for loss, damage, debts, etc.(对……丢失、损坏、债务等承担法律上的责任)”。由此看来,“responsible”一词适应的范围更大,并侧重“道义”上的责任;而“liable”则强调与“loss, damage, debts ”等有关的“法律”责任,换言之,事情如有差错,当事人须负赔偿或刑事责任。

1) Party A shall be responsible for the completeness, correctness and legibility of the product design drawings and manufacturing Technical Documentation sent to Party B. 道义上的甲方对提供给乙方的产品设计图纸和制造技术资料的完整性,正确性和清晰性负责。2)She is responsible for making sure orders are processed加工生产订单上的货物on time.

她负责安排生产,以确保如期完成订单。

3)The carrier主shall not be liable for谓loss or damage宾arising or resulting from defects not discoverable though the carrier has exercised due diligence审慎调查as aforesaid(said before前款规定,或前面所讲的). 难

承运人对前款规定已经审慎检查(谨慎处理)后仍不能发现的由货物本身缺陷所造成的货物的灭失或损坏免除责任。

4)This company shall be liable for total or partial loss of the insured goods caused in the course of transit by natural calamities--- heavy weather, lightening, floating ice, seaquake, earthquake, flood,

etc, or by accidents---grounding, stranding, sinking, collision or derailment of the carrying conveyance, fire, explosion and falling of entire package or packages of the insured goods into sea during loading or discharge, etc..

本公司负责赔偿被保险货物在运输途中由于遭受暴风、雷电、流冰、海啸、地震、洪水等自然灾害或由于运输工具搁浅、触礁、沉没、碰撞、出轨、失火和爆炸以及在装卸过程中整件货物落海等以外事故而造成的全部或部分损失。

5) Parents or guardians may avoid liability for their children’s crimes if they can satisfy the court that they have done everything they can to prevent it.中心

孩子的父母或监护人,只要能向法庭证明,他们已采取一切必要措施来防止其孩子或被监护人犯罪,可免除承担其孩子或被监护人犯罪的法律责任。

6)Banks assumes no liability or responsibility 不管是道义上的还是法律上的,概不负责for consequences arising out of the interruption of their business by Acts of God, riots暴动, civil commotions骚乱, insurrections叛乱, wars or any other causes beyond their control, or by any strikes or lockouts关厂.

银行对天灾、暴动、骚乱、叛乱、战争或本身无法控制的其它原因,或任何的罢工或关厂而中断营业所引起的后果,概不负责。

5.abide by/ comply with;

According to根据某人的意见,根据报告时不和其他两个短语连用/ in line with/ in accordance with(正式)

表示“根据(依照)合同、规定、贸易惯例”等时,可以通用,但according to较口语化,“in line with”和“in accordance with”为书面语体,并且后者最为正式。

以上两组词在涉外合同中广为使用,也特别容易弄混。“abide by”和“comply with”都可译为“遵守”,但前者的主语一般时人,后者的主语为事或物。试比较如下:

1) All the personnel of the Joint Venture Company shall abide by the laws and decrees in the project-host country and respect the local customs and traditions.

合营公司全体员工都应遵守项目所在国的法律法令,尊重当地的风俗和习惯。

2)All the activities of both parties shall comply with the provisions of laws, decrees and pertinent regulations in the project-host country.

双方(的一切活动)都应遵守项目国的法律、法令和有关条例规定。

3)The joint ventures shall, in line with(more formal) related provisions of Chinese laws, commission accountants registered in China to audit and check their financial accounts.

合作企业应当按照中国法律有关规定聘任中国注册会计师进行审计。

4)The Detailed Rules are formulated in accordance with the provisions of Article 3 of the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Wholly Foreign-Owned Enterprises.

根据《中华人民共和国外资企业法》第3条规定,制定本实施细则。

5) According to a market research, the prices for petrochemicals during the first half of next year are expected to pick up. 根据某人的意见,根据...报告,不能与in accordance with或in line with 通用

根据市场调查,明年上半年石油化工产品的价格可望回升。

6.against

“against”是个多义词,在外贸英语中也广为使用,翻译时应根据上下文正确选择词义。

表示“防止...”

1)We wish to ensure the following consignment against all risks(投保术语) for the sum of U.S.﹩3600.

我们要为下列货物按3600美元保额投保综合险。

表示“根据/凭……”,“以……为条件”

2)documents against payment付款交单

3) documents against acceptance 承兑交单

以上两例均是轨迹贸易的常用术语。“付款交单”系指便付款边交提单及货运单据的一种结算方式。进口商在国外所定货物运抵口岸时,经银行通知,于汇票到期日或到期以前,见票面金额付清,银行将提单及其他单据(包括发票、保险单、磅码单等)交给进口商凭以提货。“承兑交单”系指先交提单及货运单据后付款的一种结算方式。进口商在国外所订货物运抵口岸时,将为到期汇票承兑后,即可现象银行取得提单及其他单据(包括发票、保险单、磅码单等),凭以取货,银行于到期日在行收款。

4)The Bank of China, London can open an L/C in RMB for you against our sales confirmation.

伦敦中国银行,可凭我方销售确认书开立人民币信用证。

表示“违反”

5)It is against the contractual stipulations that you failed to establish the covering L/C 30 days before the time of shipment.

贵方未在交货前30天开立有关的信用证,这是违反合同规定的。

表示“对...不利,反对”

6)In case you should fail to effect delivery in April, we will have to lodge a claim against you for the loss and reserve the right to cancel the contract.

如果你们4月份尚不能交货,我方只好向你方提出索赔,并保留取消合同的权利。

表示“与...比较/对比”

7)Against the invoice weight the consignment was found short of 1 350kg.

与发票重量相比,货物短重1350公斤。

7.offer, quote/quotation, bid

“offer”, “quote/quotation”和“bid”在外贸业务中有它们各自的含义和用法,须加以区别。“offer”译为“报盘”或“发盘”,是外贸义务中的一个环节,通常是指卖方向对方提出贸易成交条件,如货名、数量、规格、价格、船期、效期。

“offer”既可作名词,也可作动词。作名词时,又可分为实盘/确盘(firm offer)和虚盘(non-form offer)。实盘须附有效期,如firm for 5 days.虚盘须附有条件,如subject to our final confirmation( 以我方最后确认为准);subject to our prior sale(货未售出为有效)。一切报盘如果规定了效期而未附加任何条件,即使无“firm”字样,也默认为实盘。

除实盘和虚盘外,外贸业务中还有搭配报盘,即“combined offer (或称联盘,指两种以上的商品)”和买方的还盘,即“Counter-offer”。

“offer”经常与下列动词搭配,以表示报盘的各个方面:

to make/forward an offer 发盘

to accept an offer 接收报盘

to decline an offer 谢绝报盘

to entertain an offer 考虑是否接受报盘

to extend an offer 延长报盘

to renew an offer 恢复报盘

to withdraw an offer 撤回报盘

1) Please make us an offer C.I.F. London for 20metric tons peanut.

请报20公吨花生伦敦到岸价实盘。

“quote”用作动词,其后可接双宾语。做“报价”解时,其直接宾语只能是“price”或是与“price”相关的价格术语,如“FOB”,“C&F”等,或者两者同时出现。例如:

2)Please quote (us) your lowest price CIF London for walnut.

请报我方胡桃最低伦敦到岸价。

3)Please send us your lowest quotation CIF London for walnut.

请报我方胡桃最低伦敦到岸价。

4)“bid”译作“递盘/递价”,与“offer”相对,系指买方的主动出价,买方还价时说“counterbid” 或“conter-offer”。“bid”既可用作名词,也可用作动词。作动词时,其句型与“quote”相似。另外“bid”系不规则动词,其过去时和过去分词均为“bid”,词形不变。

4)As your prices were too high, we made a counter-bid at RM B¥4 000per ton.

由于你方价格太高,现还价每吨人民币4000元。

8.Shall在英文法律文件中,“shall”是个最常用的词语之一,其主语为第三人称。“shall”不是表示“将来”,而是表示法律权利或义务,不如此则须承担违反法律的后果,其含义相当于“must”,但不用“must”,而改用“shall”。无独有偶,在中文法律文件中,“应”是个最常用的字之一,也属强制性范畴,其含义相当于“须”,但多用“应”,而少用“须”。由此,在英汉互译时就产生一些问题。英译汉时,“shall”按理说该译成“应”,但在汉语中,“应”既可理解为“必须”(即“shall”的正解) ,又可理解为“应当”(即一般义务或道义上的义务)。此外,英语中的“should”又该怎么翻译呢?有人提议,将“shall”译成“应”,而把“should”译成“应当”,以示区别。但在汉语词典里,“应”与“应当”恐怕并无如此区别,因此,这样翻译也就没有根据了。我们认为积极的办法不如将“should”译成“应当”或“应该”,而把“shall”尽可能的译成“须”,坚持下去,也许可以慢慢改掉中文法律文字中混用“应”与“须”的陋习。

1)The payment of the aforesaid expenses shall be effected against presentation of original vouchers after being checked.

上述有关费用均须凭原始单据支付。

2) 合营公司应按贷款协议的规定偿还到期应偿还的借款本金。The Joint Venture Company shall repay the principal on loans that fall due and should be paid in accordance with the provisions of the loan agreement.

3) 合作企业的清算事宜,依照国家有关法律、行政法规及合作企业合同、章程的规定办理。The liquidation of the Joint Venture shall be handled in accordance with related State laws and administrative regulations and rules as well as the venture’s contract and the articles of the association.

9.商业书信范例

(1)Dear Ward:

As you know, the National Association of School Superintendents is holding its annual convention at the Ambassador Hotel in Atlantic City (I know you always have an exhibits at these conventions). We are assembling products for a kit to be given to everyone attending.

Last year you supplied 500 ballpoint pens and 500 pocket calendars.

Will you do the same this year? Our members prize these kits each year and look forward on those who furnish the articles. Please send the materials to me at the Ambassador Hotel in Atlantic City,Zip code 08402. Thanks a lot!

Sincerely,

商务信函格式0001

作者:ZHANGJIAN 仅供个人学习,勿做商业用途 您的商务信函写作能力直接影响到买家对您公司的评估。您给他的每一份信函、邮件或者传真,都代表着您公司的形象,显示您公司的水平和实力,同时,相信您也一定是用这种方式来评估和了解您的买家。所以,商务信函写作决定了您能否以专业的方式跟买家进行有效的沟通,在您的业务往来中占据着举足轻重的地位。 商务信函写作前言 作为一家外贸出口企业,您必须经常跟您的国外客商打交道。因而,各种商务信函的写作成了您工作中的一个重要部分。您是否有这样的感受,花费了大量的时间和精力,对自己所写的信件是否专业、是否符合通常的规范却没有十足的把握。在本手册里,我们将为您介绍商务信函写作的基本知识和技巧,相信对您的工作具有很高的参考价值。文档收集自网络,仅用于个人学习 商务信函的重要性 也许你会问“商务信函真的这么重要吗”?是的,答案是肯定的。 让我们一起来看看以下的调查结果。 当买家和供应商从互相并不了解的基础上开始进行业务联系时,买家通常是怎样来评估跟他联系的供应商的呢?文档 收集自网络,仅用于个人学习 [参考全美最畅销的贸易书籍“ Building an

Import- Export Business ” 以]下5 个方面是买家最关心的: 供应商如何回复买家的邮件?文档收集自网络,仅用于个人学习 供应商网上的简介和/ 或目录是否做得专业?当买家询问信息时,供应商是否完整答复所有问题? 供应商的信头是否写明了公司地址和传真号码? 供应商如何答复买家提出的要求? 供应商多久做出答复?供应商是否愿意对产品进行修改?买家询问多个问题时,供应商是否答复所有的问题?文档收集自网络,仅用于个人学习 供应商的信用如何? 供应商的银行信用记录如何?供应商银行帐户开立的年数?大致的通常收支情况?银行给供应商的贷款额度? 银行对供应商的帐户情况是否满意?文档收集自网络,仅用于个人学习 供应商贸易往来的信用如何? 合作者与该供应商的合作年数?供应商可承受多大的定单?交货是否及时?是否能准确地完成定单?文档收集自网络,仅用于个人学习供应商是否使用了规范质量经管认证体系? 比如ISO 9000 、ISO 14,000(环境)、Hazard Analysis at Critical Points (适用于出口美国的海产品)文档收集自网络,仅用于个人学习

商务信函格式

Practical English Writings 实用应用文写作 Jessie Peng 6) 体谅原则 一封有效的书信能给收信人以深刻印象和影响,要想达到此目的,就应当设身处地为收件人着想,考虑他的要求、希望和利益等。周密的思考有助于你更理解你的收件人,因此,你的要求将会更加实际和可以理解。 写作时要注意以下问题: (1)采取收信人的态度,即“You”attitude,避免采取写信人的态度,即“We” attitude。比较下列句子: “We attitude” We allow a 5% discount for cash payments. “You attitude” You earn a 5% discount when you pay cash. “We attitude” We are pleased to announce that… “You attitude” You will be pleased to know that… 下面两封信是这两种态度的典范。第一封信是以“We” attitude 的方式写的,而第二封信是以“You” attitude 的方式写的。

试对它们进行比较,看看它们给你的印象有什么不同。 (a)May I express my thanks for the account you recently opened with our store. We are pleased to furnish a wide variety of products for the home or individual. We trust you will take full advantage of our store services, for we have the largest stock in the city. Also we make deliveries of our customers’purchases free of charge within thirty miles of our store. We welcome you to Johnson’s. If we can be of additional service in any manner, please call on us. Translation: 让我对你最近在我公司开户一事表示感谢。我们乐意提供家庭和个人使用的各种产品。 我们相信你会充分利用我们的服务的,因为我公司所备货物时本地最充足的。同时,我们的顾客所购货物,在距离公司30英里范围内,可以免费送货。 我们欢迎你光临本公司。如果我们能在其他方面为你服务,请打电话给我们。 Thank you for the account you recently opened at Johnson’s. Serving you with your needs for clothing and home furnishings is a pleasure. You will find 34 departments at Johnson’s stocked with a variety of quality items. And courteous sales clerks are here to assist

商务英语函电常用句型

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您的商务信函写作能力直接影响到买家对您公司的评估。您给他的每一份信函、或者传真,都代表着您公司的形象,显示您公司的水平和实力,同时,相信您也一定是用这种方式来评估和了解您的买家。所以,商务信函写作决定了您能否以专业的方式跟买家进行有效的沟通,在您的业务往来中占据着举足轻重的地位。 商务信函写作前言 作为一家外贸出口企业,您必须经常跟您的国外客商打交道。因而,各种商务信函的写作成了您工作中的一个重要部分。您是否有这样的感受,花费了大量的时间和精力,对自己所写的信件是否专业、是否符合通常的规却没有十足的把握。在本手册里,我们将为您介绍商务信函写作的基本知识和技巧,相信对您的工作具有很高的参考价值。 商务信函的重要性 也许你会问“商务信函真的这么重要 吗”?是的,答案是肯定的。 让我们一起来看看以下的调查结果。 当买家和供应商从互相并不了解的基础上开始进行业务联系时,买家通常是怎样来评估跟他联系的供应商的呢?

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