2021届新高考英语一轮复习精品讲义(共10讲)

2021届新高考英语一轮复习精品讲义第1讲灵活实用的基本句型魔法导航

句子成分构成了英语中各种各样的句子,但英语中最基本的句型有八种,其他各种句型都是由这八种基本句型演化而成。八种基本句型如下:

1.主语+谓语(不及物动词)

典句引领

Accidents will happen.天有不测风云。

雕词琢句

我的英语已经提高了。

My English has improved.

2.主语+谓语(不及物动词)+状语

典句引领

Actions speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩。

雕词琢句

(1)As an organizer,I am writing to invite you to join us(我现在写信邀请你加入我们). (2019课标全国Ⅲ)

(2) The match will take place in our school gym(比赛将在我们学校的体育馆举行)on the morning of July 8th. (2019课标全国Ⅱ)

2.答案(1)I am writing to invite you to join us(2)The match will take place in our school gym

3.主语+系动词+表语

典句引领

A constant guest is never welcome.久住非佳宾,常来不欢迎。

A good medicine tastes bitter.良药苦口。

雕词琢句

(1)I am eager(我渴望) to hear from you. (2018课标全国卷Ⅱ)

(2)In that case,it is both convenient and economical(它既方便又经济) to buy books according to the ratings. (2018江苏卷)

3.答案(1)I am eager(2)it is both convenient and economical

4.主语+谓语+宾语

典句引领

A heavy snow promises a good harvest.瑞雪兆丰年。

雕词琢句

(1)You can take high-speed trains(你可以乘坐高铁) to both cities.(2019北京)

(2)Our school will hold a music festival(我们学校举行音乐节) next Saturday morning in the school hall to enrich students' after-school life. (2019课标全国Ⅲ)

4.答案(1)You can take high-speed trains(2)Our school will hold a music festival

5.主语+谓语+宾语+状语

典句引领

A man may dig his grave with his teeth.祸从口出。

雕词琢句

(1)我可以很容易地与外国学生相处。(2019浙江)

I can get along with foreign students very easily.

(2)With an experience of two years in Canada, I can communicate with native speakers of English fluently(我能流利地与以英语为母语的人交流). (2019浙江)

5.答案(1)I can get along with foreign students very easily(2)I can communicate with native speakers of English fluently

6.主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语

典句引领

A fool may give a wise man counsel.愚者千虑,必有一得。

雕词琢句

(1)It offers teenagers a chance(它向青少年提供了一个机会)to enjoy sports and learn about Chinese culture.

句型转换:将上面的句子变成被动语态

→ A chance to enjoy sports and learn about Chinese culture is offered to teenagers by it.

(2)我希望这个变化不会给你造成太多的麻烦。(2016课标全国卷Ⅲ)

I hope the change will not cause you too much trouble.

7.主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语

典句引领

All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.只工作,不玩耍,聪明孩子也变傻。

雕词琢句

(1)I consider his advice/suggestion very useful(认为他的建议非常有

用),although many people are against it.

(2)All in all, I sincerely invite you to come to our school(我真诚地邀请你来我们学校)and see for yourself. (2018课标全国卷Ⅲ)

8.存现句

典句引领

Where there is a will,there is a way. 有志者,事竟成。

雕词琢句

(1)I am more than thrilled to be informed of the message that there will be a Chinese painting exhibition in your local art gallery(你们当地的美术馆将有一个中国画展).(2019课标全国Ⅰ)

(2)For example,there are huge amounts of reference books(有大量的参考书) about which I am often confused.(2018江苏卷)

第2讲整齐有致的并列句魔法导航

并列句是由并列连词连接两个分句而组成的句子,其基本结构是:简单句+并列连词+简单句。并列句中的前后两个分句的逻辑关系可分为以下几种:

1.并列或递进:常用连词是and, not only...but also...(不仅……而且……)。

典句引领

Not only is he the first Chinese to go to space, but also he is one of the greatest astronauts in the world.

他不仅是第一个进入太空的中国人,而且是世界上最伟大的宇航员之一。

雕词琢句

(1)The opening ceremony will start at 9:00 am, and the schoolmaster will deliver a speech(而且校长将要发表演讲).(2019课标全国Ⅲ)

(2)You asked me in your last letter about the physical exercise in our school and the following information may give you a rough sketch(下面的信息可能让你了解概况). (2018课标全国卷Ⅲ)

(3)Not only should we avoid getting hurt during the training but also have a healthy diet to keep fit(而且我们应该有一个健康的饮食来保持健康). (2019课标全国卷Ⅱ)

2.转折:常用的连词是but和yet。

典句引领

The car is very old but it runs very fast.

这辆汽车虽然很旧了,但跑得很快。

雕词琢句

(1)The school uniforms are fine, but not special enough(但它们不够特别) to give a unique Chinese flavor. (2019江苏卷)

(2)I tried my best to control it,but in vain/it is useless(但是没有用).

3.对比:常用的连词是while。

典句引领

At school,some students are active while some are shy.

在学校,有些学生积极,而有些学生害羞。

雕词琢句

(1)Li recommends the traditional Chinese dress while Su prefers the school uniform(而Su更喜欢校服).(2019江苏)

(2)Good habits can contribute to high learning efficiency,while bad ones lead to the opposite(而坏习惯结果却恰恰相反).

4.原因:常用的连词是for。

典句引领

It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.

昨晚肯定下雨了,因为地面是湿的。

雕词琢句

他阅读有困难,因为他的视力不好。

He has trouble in reading,for his sight is poor.(for连接的并列句)

第3讲吸引眼球的高级词汇表达魔法导航

写作中所谓的“高级词汇”指的是《课程标准》中有但在课本中出现频率不高而实际中经常用到,或《课程标准》中没有列入或没有识记要求,但在实际运用中却出现比较频繁的词汇(包括短语)。要让语言表达多样化,就要做到“人无我有,人有我优”。如果考生能恰当地运用此类词汇,在写作中定会给评卷老师留下深刻的印象,提高书面表达的得分。下面把写作中常用的高级词汇做一下简单总结,希望对同学们的写作有所裨益。

1.动词类

常见词汇意义高级词汇

attend 参加be involved in;participate in

bear 忍受put up with

cause 导致lead to;result in;contribute to;give rise to

consider 考虑take...into consideration/account

fail 失败meet with failure

help 帮助do sb. a favor;give/lend sb.a hand

happen 发生occur/come about

have 拥有possess

improve 提高promote

master 掌握have (a) command of

realise 意识到be aware (of)

remember 记得bear/keep in mind

save 保留set aside

send 送deliver

should 应该be supposed to

thank 感谢appreciate

tend to do

sth.

倾向做某事have a tendency to do sth.

use 使用;利用make use of/take advantage of understand 理解make sense of/figure out

be made up

of

由……组成be composed of/consist of

be being

built

在建造中be under construction

can't do sth. 不能做某事have trouble/difficulty(in)doing sth.

decide to do

sth. 决定做某事

determine to do sth./

be determined to do sth.

have to do

sth. 不得不做某

事

cannot help but do sth./have no alternative but to do sth.

lie in 位于be located/situated in see 看见catch sight of

think of sth. 想到某事sth. occurs to sb.

try one's

best to do

sth. 尽力做某事

spare no effort to do sth./

do everything in one's power to do sth.

explain 解释;说明account for

result from 由于,由……

造成

be attributed to 雕词琢句

用高级词汇完成下列句子

(1)I have a tendency to consult consumption ratings(我倾向于查询消费排

名)whatever I purchase.

(2)It suddenly occurrs to me that(我突然想到)traditional culture like tea

culture is of great charm and huge value.

(3)很多事情导致了交通问题。

Quite a few things give rise to/contribute to/result in/lead to traffic problems.

(4)我真诚地希望你能考虑我的建议。

I sincerely hope you can take my suggestions into

account/consideration.

(5)除了采取措施向污染宣战,我们别无选择。

We have no alternative but to take measures to fight against pollution.

(6)新技术的应用和影视明星的巨大吸引力也是票房收入增长的原因。

The application of new technologies and the wide appeal of movie stars can also account for the increase of the box-office income.

(7)票房收入的增长有多种因素。

The increase of the box-office income can be attributed to a number of factors.

(8)记住,在中国正确地使用筷子是很重要的。

Bear in mind that it is important to use chopsticks properly in China.

2.名词类

常见词汇意义高级词汇

chance 机会opportunity

choice 选择alternative

people 人们individuals

result 结果consequence

shortcoming 缺点drawback

雕词琢句

用高级词汇完成下列句子

(1)你应该抓住这个机会克服这个缺点。

You should seize the opportunity to overcome the drawback.

(2)不同的人对食品安全问题有着不同的看法。

Different individuals have different opinions about the safety of food.

(3)这是一个你了解中国传统文化的好机会。

This is a good opportunity for you learn traditional Chinese culture.

3.形容词类

常见词汇意义高级词汇difficult 困难的challenging enough 足够的adequate

good 好的outstanding/distinguished/

brilliant

free 空闲的available important 重要的essential/vital/significant lucky 幸运的fortunate

proper 恰当的appropriate

rich 丰富的abundant

tired 疲惫的exhausted/worn out be angry with 对……生气be annoyed with

be busy with 忙于……be occupied with/ bury oneself in

be bored with 对……厌烦be fed up with be very happy 很高兴be wild with joy

be+adj. (important/useful/ beneficial/ helpful/valuable)

重要的/有用的/

有益的/有帮助的/

有价值的

be of+n.(importance/

use/benefit/help/value)

be satisfied with 对……感到满意

express one's satisfaction with

popular 受欢迎enjoy great popularity

be interested in 对……感兴趣

show interest in/ be fascinated by/ be crazy about/ sth. appeal(s) to sb.

all kinds of 各种各样的 a wide range of

雕词琢句

用高级词汇完成下列句子

(1)As for my favorite sport, I am fascinated by(我对……很感兴

趣)basketball.

(2)I am wild with joy(我很高兴)to spread our own culture to people all over

the world.

(3)At first, please read some materials about poetry of the Tang dynasty, which

plays a significant role in our literature(在我们的文学中起着重要的作用).(2017课标全国卷Ⅰ)

(4)In the coming three years,our school life will be challenging(具有挑战

性).

(5)正如你可能知道的那样,茶在中国很受欢迎。

As you may know, tea enjoys great popularity in China.

(6)各种各样的运动项目都能在新的体育馆里举行。

A wide range of sports events are able to be held in the new stadium.

4.副词类

常见词汇意义高级词汇

finally 最后eventually

hardly 几乎不barely

hurriedly 匆忙地in a hurry

immediately 立刻without hesitation/delay nowadays 现在currently so 因此consequently/therefore suddenly 突然all of a sudden

very 非常extremely

雕词琢句

用高级词汇完成下列句子

(1)Without hesitation(毫不犹豫),I decided to follow them and did have lots

of fun that day.

(2)Eventually(最后),we worked out the difficult problem which was

extremely tough for them(对他们来讲极其困难).

(3)昨天雨下得很大。因此,我们取消了会议。

It rained heavily yesterday.Therefore/Consequently,we called off the meeting.

(4)汽车突然在他前面停下了。

The car stopped in front of him all of a sudden.

5.介词(短语)类

常见词汇意义高级词汇considering 考虑到in view of

during 在……期间in the course of

in fact 事实上as a matter of fact

in a word 总之to summarize/in conclusion/

to sum up

雕词琢句

用高级词汇完成下列句子

(1)事实上,每个人都有自己的优点和缺点。

As a matter of fact,everyone has his own strengths and weaknesses.

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