2018届江苏高考3500词汇综合练精品系列05(晨读材料)+Word版含解析

2018届江苏高考3500词汇综合练精品系列05（晨读材料）

（approach—athlete）

approach v.①走近，靠近，逼近：Spring is approaching.春天快到了。

He approached the children slowly.他慢慢走近那些小孩。

②开始考虑，开始着手：He approached the idea with caution.他开始认真地考虑那个主意。

n.①走近，靠近：The approach of winter brings cold weather.冬天快到了，天气要转冷了。

②通路，入口：All approaches were blocked.所有的入口都堵塞了。

③方法，手段：the best approach to learning English学习英语的最佳方法

【注意】①表示靠近或走近某人或某事物时，可直接用作及物动词，直接说

approach a place 即可，不要按汉语意思误加介词 to, near 等。

②表示“……的方法”的意思时不同的词的搭配：

approach to doing

method of doing

means of doing sth

way to do或of doing

appropriate adj.适当的，合适的：It’s not an appropriate example.那不是一个合适的例子。

His remarks were appropriate to [for] the occasion.他的话应景适时。

【注意】后接 that从句时，从句谓语通常要用“(should)+动词原形”：It is appropriate that he (should)be present. 他应到场才对。approve v.①赞成，赞同：I approve of your choice.我赞成你的选择。

I don’t approve of smoking.我不赞成抽烟。

②批准，认可：He approved the building plans.他批准了建筑计划。

【注意1】①表示“赞成”、“同意”时，通常不及物，若后接宾语，通常要借助

介词of。

②表示“批准”时，总是及物动词，后跟宾语时无需任何介词。③不

要按汉语的“赞成某人做某事”而说 approve sb to do sth，因为

它是不及物动词，不能直接跟sb.作宾语，可改说approve of sb’s

doing sth：I do not approve of your going out with him. 我

不赞成你同他一起出去。

【注意2】其名词为approval

①赞成，同意：He showed his approval by smiling.他用微笑表示赞

成。

②批准，认可：The mayor gave approval to the plan.市长批准了这

个计划。

approximately adv.大体，大致，大约：It cost approximately five million dollars.大约花了500万美元。

【注意】用法与 about 相似，但比 about 更正式。

arbitrary adj.①任意的，任性的，随心所欲的：My choice was quite arbitrary.我的选择相当随意。

②霸道的，专横的，独断独行的：arbitrary arguments强词夺理的争论

arch n.拱廊，拱门，弓形：an arch bridge拱桥

v. (使)弯成弓形：The rainbow arches the heaven.虹在天上成弓形。

The cat arches its back when it sees the dog.猫看到狗，便把背拱起。

architect n.建筑师，设计师

architecture n.①建筑学(术)：study architecture学习建筑

②建筑样式(风格)，建筑物：modern architecture现代建筑

③构造，结构：the architecture of a beehive蜂窝的结构

Arctic adj.①北极的：the Arctic Ocean 北冰洋

②极冷的：What arctic weather we are having! 天气冷极了！

【注意】参见Antarctic。

area n. ①面积：What’s the area of the field? 这块地面积多大？

②地区，区域：The low area is flooded very often.这低地经常被淹。

③范围，领域，方面：There are many developments in the area of language teaching.

在语言教学方面有许多进展。

【注意】表示某地的具体面积时，可用含有 area 的多种表达：The room has an area of ten square meters.=The area of the room is ten square meters.=The

room is ten square meters in area.=The room covers an area of ten

square meters.这个房间的面积为10平方米。

argue v.①争辩，争论：No use arguing with him about the matter.和他争论这件事是徒劳的。

②争辩(说)，据理力争：I argued that we needed a large office.我据理力争我们需要一个大办公室。

【搭配】argue with sb.about/over sth.与某人争论某事

argue sb.into/out of doing sth.说服某人做/不做某事

argue for为……而争论，为……而辩护

argue against 争辩(反对……)

argument n.①争论，辩论：After a long argument, we decided where to go for our holiday.

经过长时间争论，我们决定了在哪里度假。

②论点，论据，理由：There are many arguments against smoking.有许多理由反对抽烟。

arise vi.①出现，发生：A new difficulty has arisen.新的困难出现了。

②造成，引起：Accidents can arise from carelessness.意外事件可能因疏忽而引起。

arm n.①手臂，臂状物：He was seen walking arm in arm with a lady.有人看见他与一位女士臂挽着臂同行。

②(用复数)武器，武力：Lay down your arms or we’ll fire.放下武器，不然我们就要开枪了。

v.以……装备，武装(起来)：The enemy is arming.敌人正在备战。

armchair n.扶手椅

【注意】通常说 sit in the armchair，而不说 sit on the armchair。

army n.①军队，陆军：army and navy 陆军和海军

The two armies fought for control of the bridge.两军为占领那座桥而战。

②大群，大批：an army of ants一大群蚂蚁

around adv. ①在周围，在附近：He looked around.他向四周看看。

②到处，各处：Children were playing around on the sand.孩子们在沙地上到处玩。

③环绕，绕圈：The tree measures two meters around.这树周长2米。

④转身：He turned around and saw her. 他转过身就看见了她。

⑤到某地方(某人家)：Come around to my place sometime.找个时间来我家玩。

prep.①在…周围，环绕：He put his arms around her shoulders.他搂抱着她的双肩。

②在……的各处，朝…的四处，遍及：The boy left his toys around the room.

男孩把玩具丢得满屋都是。

③在……的附近，在…身边：He lives somewhere around London.他住在伦敦附近。

④大约：He left his homeland around 1945.他大约在1945年离开家乡。

⑤绕过，拐弯：Let’s get around the most difficult part.我们跳过最难的部分吧。

【注意】①around the corner 即将来临，就快到了，就在附近：

The bright day is around the corner.光明之日即将来临。

②around the clock全天侯：

The Bank is open around the clock.那家银行24小时营业。

③around the bend从拐弯处

The bus came around the bend公共汽车从拐弯处驶来。

④all around周围，四围，前后左右，四下里：

There were television crews and pressmen from all around the world.

来自世界各地的电视工作者和新闻记者齐聚一堂。

arrange v.①安排，准备：Can you arrange for a car to take us there?你能安排一辆车送我们去那儿?

②商定，约定：We arranged with him to meet at the station.我们与他约好在车站见面。

③整理，排列：We arranged them in pairs.我们把它们成对地排好。

【注意】其后可接不定式，但不接不定式的复合结构，如“我已安排他去参加会议”

不能译为“I’ve arranged him to attend the meeting.”，可改为“I’ve

arranged for him to attend the meeting 或I’ve arranged that he

(should) attend the meeting.”

其名词为arrangement n.

①(常用复)安排，准备工作：I’ll make arrangements for you to be met

at the station.

我将安排人到火车站接你。

②排列，整理：That’s a beautiful flower arrangement.那花插得很美。

③商定，约定：come into an arrangement谈妥，商定

arrest v.逮捕，拘捕，拘留，阻止，吸引(注意)：

I will arrest you in the name of law.https://www.sodocs.net/doc/9a14550842.html,/我将以法律的名义逮捕你。

Stay behind the tape! Sir, stay back or I’ll be forced to arrest you. https://www.sodocs.net/doc/9a14550842.html,/

站到黄线后面！先生，后退，否则我不得不拘留你了。

The Federal Reserve took extraordinary actions to arrest this crisis. https://www.sodocs.net/doc/9a14550842.html,/

美联储采取了非常措施阻止危机。

An unusual noise arrested his attention.一阵不寻常的嘈杂声吸引了他的注意。

n. 逮捕，拘捕，拘留：The arrest has come as a terrible shock.https://www.sodocs.net/doc/9a14550842.html,/这次逮捕让人极为震惊。

He was released from house arrest two years a go.https://www.sodocs.net/doc/9a14550842.html,/他两年前被解除软禁。

arrival n. ①到来，到达：On (your) arrival at the hotel please wait for further instructions.

到达旅馆后，请听候进一步指示。

②出现：The arrival of the cinema was once thought to proclaim the death of the theater. https://www.sodocs.net/doc/9a14550842.html,/

电影院的出现，曾经一度被认为宣告了戏院的消亡。

③到达者：He was the first arrival.他是第一个到的。

arrive vi. ①到达，达到：arrive in a city到达一个城市arrive at a station到达一个车站arrive home到家

②来临：The time has arrived for action.行动的时刻到了。

③达到，达成：At last we arrived at an agreement.最后我们达成了协议。arrow n. ①箭：He shot arrows one by one, but each missed.他射了一箭又一箭，但都未射中。

②箭头，箭号：Follow the arrows for Central Station.到中心车站请按箭号走。art n. ①艺术，美术：modern art现代艺术

Language teaching is both a science and an art.语言教学既是一门科学又是一门艺术。

②技艺，技术：He is good at the art of making friends.他善于交友。

③(用复数)人文学科：College of Arts 文学院

article n. ①文章，论文：write articles for a newspaper为报社写文章

②物品，物件，东西：The shop sells articles of all kinds.这家商店卖各种商品。

③条款，项目：articles of an agreement协议的条款

④冠词：The word takes no article before it.这个单词前不用冠词。artificial adj.①人工的，人造的：an artificial tooth 假牙artificial rain 人工降雨

②不自然的，做作的：an artificial smile不自然的微笑

artist n.①艺术家，美术家②艺人(如歌星，演员等)

as prep.①好像，如同：He was dressed as a policeman.他打扮得像个警察。

②看作，当作：I only said it as a joke. 我说那话只是开玩笑的。

③以……身份，作为：He was famous as a scholar.作为一位学者他很著名。

④当……时：As a child he was sent to six different schools.他儿时前后上过

6所学校。

conj.①当……的时候：He fell asleep as he was reading.他看书时睡着了。

②一边……一边：He sang as he was taking a bath.他一边洗澡一边唱歌。

③随着：As time passed, things seemed to get worse.随着时间的推移，情况似乎变得更糟了。

④因为，由于：As you weren’t there, I left a message.由于你不在，我留了个信儿。

⑤如同，像……一样，按照：Do as I do.照我的样子做。

Leave the table as it is.不要动这桌子。

⑥虽然，尽管：Young as I am, I know this well. 虽然我很年轻，但这点我很清楚。

adv. ①和……一样，同样地：He swims fast, but I swim as fast (as him).

他游泳游得快，但我也游得(他)那样快。

②例如：I was wearing clothes for dirty work, as when gardening.

我穿着做粗活的衣服，如栽花种草时所穿的衣服。

pron.①(与such, as, the same连用)像……的，凡是……的，……一类的人(物)：He is not such a fool as he looks 他并不像看起来那样傻。

Such men as (=Those men who) heard of him praised him.听说过他的人都赞扬他。

②这件事，这一点：He is late, as is often the case.他迟到了，这是经常的事。

【常见搭配】①as...as 与……一样，不但…而且(在否定句中，也可换成so…as)：He gets up as early as I [me].他起床与我一样早。

She is as clever as (she is) beautiful.她既聪明又漂亮。

②as for/as to 至于：

As for the cost, that will have to be considered.至于费用，那是需要考虑的。

There is no doubt as to his honesty.对于他的诚实，那是没有疑问的。

③as if/as though好像，仿佛：

We’ve missed the bus. It looks as if we’ll have to walk.

我们错过了公共汽车，看来我们得走路了。

They treat me as though I were a stranger. 他们待我如陌生人。

④as well as也，和……一样，不但……而且：

They visited some factories, hospitals as well as the school.https://www.sodocs.net/doc/9a14550842.html,/

他们参观了这所学校，还参观了工厂和医院。

【注意】用作连词表示“虽然”时，也可换成 though，但不能换成 although。

①名词+as/though+主语+动词，名词前面一般不加任何冠词，即使前有形容

词修饰，也可不加；

②形容词+as/though+主语+动词；

③副词+as/though+主语+动词；

④动词原形+as/though+主语+动词(情态动词、助动词等)，当有副词修饰动

词原形时，要一并提前。

ash n. ①灰，灰末：cigarette ash 烟灰

②(用复数)骨灰：Her ashes were scattered over the sea.她的骨灰撒在海上。ashamed adj.惭愧的，难为情的：You should be ashamed of your behavior.你应该为你的行为感到羞愧。

Don’t be ashamed of making mistakes.别为犯错误而难为情。

I am quite ashamed to have to trouble you.真不好意思，我得要麻烦你。

【注意】be ashamed of sth =对某事感到难为情，be ashamed to do sth =不好意思(做)……的。若不定式用完成式，则表示对已做过的事感到难为

情：He was ashamed of having lied. / He was ashamed to have lied.

他因说谎而感到羞愧。

Asia n. 亚洲：South East Asia 东南亚

Asian adj.亚洲的，亚洲人的

n.亚洲人

aside adv.在旁边，向一边：He stepped aside to let them pass.他往旁边站，好让他们过去。

【注意】“aside from除……以外”为美国英语，在英国英语中用apart from代之。

Aside from being fun and good exercise, swimming is a very useful skill.

除了是乐趣和有益的锻炼外，游泳还是一种很有用的技能。

ask v. ①问，询问：You must ask if you don’t know.你不懂就得问。

②请求，要求：Ask him to come early.请他早点来。

If you need any help, just ask.你若需要帮忙，尽管说。

③邀请，约请：I asked her to dinner.我请她吃饭。

asleep adj.睡着的：He was asleep with his head on his arms.他头枕着手臂睡着了。

【注意】①是表语形容词，通常不能单独放在名词前作定语，不说 an asleep child，可改说a sleeping child。

②汉语的“睡得很熟”，英语习惯上用 fast [sound] asleep，而不说 very

(much, very much) asleep。

aspect n ①方面：We should consider a problem in all aspects.我们应该全面地考虑一个问题。

②(建筑物的)方面，方位：The house has a southern aspect.这房子朝南。

③外观，外貌，容貌：His face had an angry aspect.他面带怒容。

assess vt.估定，评定：His annual income was assessed at ten thousand dollars.他的年收入估定为1万美元。

He can quickly assess a person’s character.他可以很快地对一个人的性格作出评价。

【注意】其名词为assessment n.评定，估定，意见，看法：

What is your assessment of the situation?你对时局的看法如何? assignment n.任务，工作，作业：She’s going to India on a special assignment for her newspaper. htt p://https://www.sodocs.net/doc/9a14550842.html,/

她受委派到印度去执行报社的一项特殊任务。

Can you finish this assignment by tomorrow? https://www.sodocs.net/doc/9a14550842.html,/

到明天你能完成这个工作吗？

This is an assignment that could occupy yo u for an entire semester. https://www.sodocs.net/doc/9a14550842.html,/

这是一项可以占用你整个学期的作业。

assist vt.帮助，援助： She assisted him in correcting the proof.她帮助他做改校样的工作。

I assisted my son with his homework.我帮助儿子做作业。assistance n.援助，帮助：come to sb’s assistance援助某人

give assistance (to)给以援助

The plan was carried out with the assistance of foreign experts.

该计划是在外国专家的帮助下进行的。

assistant n.助手，助理，助教：Who is going to be his assistant?谁将当他的助手？ adj.助理的，辅助的：assistant engineer助理工程师

associate v. ①结交，参加，联合：Don’t associate with dishonest boys.不要和不诚实的孩子结交。

②联想：People always associate Hangzhou with the West Lake.提起杭州，人们就联想到西湖。

association n. ①协会，社团：the Chinese People’s Association for Friendship with Foreign Countriesz*xxk

中国人民对外友好协会

②合伙，交际，交往：I benefited much from my association with him.我和他结交受益匪浅。

③联合，联系，联盟：in association with与……联合(有关联)

assume vt.①假定，以为，想当然：He’s not such a fool as you assumed him to be.

他并非你所以为的那样愚蠢。②担任(职务等)，承担(责任等)，带有(某性质等)，

采用(某形式等)：

The motion of matter always assumes certain forms.物质的运动总是表现为一定的形式。

assumption n.假设，想当然：Your assumption is wrong.你的假定是错的。

assure v. ①保证，担保：

I can assure you that the animals are well cared for.

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/9a14550842.html,/ 我可以向你保证动物们得到了精心照顾。

②向……保证，使……确信：

To the customer, your operation must look like it is recovering to assure them your

business is continuing. https://www.sodocs.net/doc/9a14550842.html,/对于客户来说，

您的运营必须看上去已经恢复正常，以使他们确信您的业务仍在继续。

【注意】assure跟ensure, insure的区别。

astonish vt.使惊讶：His words astonished everybody.他的话使大家感到惊讶。

I was astonished at [by] the loud sound.我被那巨大的声音吓了一跳。

astronaut n.宇航员，太空员

astronomy n.天文学 (另外astronomer n.天文学家)

at prep. ①(表示地点、场所、活动等)在：I saw him sitting at the window.我看见他坐在窗户边。

Everybody, we begin at page 50 today.

各位，我们今天从第50页开始。

②(表时间、年龄等)在：What were you doing at that time? 当时你在干什么？

He got married at (the age of) 36.他36岁时结婚。

③(表目标、方向等)对，向，朝：He looked at her curiously.他好奇地看着她。

Someone is knocking at the door.有人在敲门。

④(表从事)做，忙于，正在：He was at dinner when I came.我来时他正在吃饭。

⑤(表原因)因为：At the news he became excited.一听到这消息，他变得很激动。

She was delighted at the chance.她很高兴有这个机会。

⑥(表价格、数量、速度等)以：He sells the cloth at a dollar a yard.他以每码1美元的价格卖布。

It flies at (the speed of) 10 km a second.它以每秒10公里的速度飞行。⑦在(某方面)：She is quick at learning languages.

她学语言学得很快。

He is a genius at maths.他是学习数学的天才。athlete n.运动员：an all-round athlete 全能运动员

【注意】coach教练员，judge裁判员，marker=记分员；

athletic adj.运动的，体育的：an athletic meet运动会。

2018年高考英语江苏卷及答案解析

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2018年高考英语3500词汇表最新版

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2018年高考英语3500词汇解析(最新)

2018年高考英语词汇解析 A 1.●abandon v.放弃，遗弃，抛弃abandon the baby/ child/ friend abandon the plan/ idea/ effort/ hope abandon oneself to 陷入，沉湎于He abandoned himself to despair. 2.◎ability n. 能力；才能the ability to walk 行走的能力 to the best of one’s abili ty 竭尽全力He completed the job to the best of his ability. 3.●abnormal adj.不正常的，畸形的，反常的They thought his behavior was abnormal. 反义词：normal 4. ◎aboard prep. adv.在船（飞机，火车）上，上船(飞机，轮船) all the people aboard 机上的人 5. about prep关于，ad 大约，到处a) be about to do sth…(when)I was about to go out when it began to rain. b) look about/around/round c) How/What about…询问情况或建议 6 . above prep在…上面above all 首先;尤其 7. abroad ad.到(在)国外a) go /study /live abroad b) at home and abroad在国内外 8. ●absence n. 不在，缺席absence from work/ school The decision was made in my absence. in the absence of 在缺少…条件下The case was dismissed in the absence of proof. 9. ◎absent adj. 缺席的，不在的be absent from absent-minded adj. 心不在焉的 10. ◎absorb vt. 1) 吸收，吸进（液体，气体等）2) 理解，掌握absorb ink/ water/ neat/ light/ oxygen/ sound/ energy absorb information/ knowledge be absorbed in专注于，聚精会神于… 11.●abuse v / n. 滥用，谩骂abuse alcohol/ drugs 酗酒/嗜毒 abuse power/ position/ privilege 滥用权力/职权/特权 12. accept vt.accept the gift /invitation /plan accept sb/sth as… 13.●access n.方法，通路，机会The only access to the farm was a narrow bridge. Only high officials have access to the emperor.We students have access to the school library. accessible adj. 可进入的，可接近的，可使用的Such information is not easily accessible to the public. 14. accident n.事故，意外的事by accident/chance 偶然，无意中；不小心 15.●accompany v. 陪伴，伴随，伴奏accompany sb. to the school/ supermarket accompany the singer on / at the piano Lightening usually accompanies thunder. 16. ●accomplish v. 完成，到达，实现accomplishment n. 成就，成绩accomplish the task/ purpose/ goal 17. according to根据According to the law, he should be sentenced to death. 18. ◎accuse vt. 指控，指责accuse sb of (doing ) sth 控告… 19.●accustomed adj. 习惯的，适应的，惯常的 be/ get/ become accustomed to doing He was soon accustomed to getting up early. 20. ache vi./n headache / toothache My back aches so much. 21. achieve vt 达到；取得achievement n 成就achieve success/victory/one’s goa l; 22.◎achievement n. 成就，业绩；完成（任务等）make great achievements 23.●acknowledge v. 承认，致谢 It is generally acknowledged that global warming is caused by greenhouse gases. Yaoming is acknowledged as/ to be the best player in China. I acknowledged financial support from the local government. 24. across prep cross v. I walked across the street.; cross a street; come/run across碰到 25. act n.法令，条例vt.表演，扮演，行动，做事

2018届江苏高考3500词汇综合练精品系列01(晨读材料)

a(n) art. (泛指)一个 abandon vt.①抛弃，放弃，戒除：The enemy abandoned the city and fled.敌军弃城逃跑了。 ②离弃，背弃：The cruel man abandoned his wife and child.那个狠心的男人遗弃了妻儿。 【搭配】abandon oneself to 沉溺于，纵情于 He abandoned himself to grief.他极度悲伤。 able adj.有能力的，能够，能干的： He is an able teacher.他是位有能力的老师。 【搭配】be able to do sth能够做某事 He was able to solve the problem quickly.他很快把问题解决了。 ability n.①能力：She has the ability to speak English fluently.她能够流利地说英语。 ②才能，才智： a man of ability(many abilities)有才能(多才能)的人 abnormal adj.反常的，不正常的，变态的 abnormal behavior反常的行为。 This warm weather is abnormal for February.2月份，如此温暖的天气不正常。 aboard adv.& prep.上船(飞机、车)，在船(飞机、车)上 Welcome aboard this flight to London.欢迎搭乘本班开往伦敦的飞机。 He has gone aboard (the plane).他上了飞机。 【注意】board n.木板v.上船(车、飞机) abolish vt.终止，废除 It was Abraham Lincoln who abolished slavery in the United States. 正是亚伯拉罕·林肯废除了美国的奴隶制度。 Bad customs should be abolished.坏的风俗应当废除。 abortion n.流产，堕胎，夭折 His attempt proved to be an abortion.他的企图没能得逞。 about prep. ①在……各处，到处：He traveled about the world.他周游了全世界。 ②在……附近(周围)：He looked about him now and then.他不时地环顾四周。