英译汉短文翻译10篇
1. Lexicography
1)Lexicography provides at its best a joyful sense of busyness with language
词典编纂的绝妙之处是给人一种与语言打交道的快乐感。
2) One is immersed in the details of language as in no other field.
不像其他领域，编词典的人整天都钻在语言材料中。
3) Sometimes the details are so overwhelming and endless they sap the spirit and depress the mind有时碰到的语言材料浩如烟海，令人耗神。
4) Often at the end of a hard day’s work one realizes with dismay that the meager stack of finished work one has accomplished has an immeasurably slight impact on the work as a whole往往一天辛苦工作下来，发觉所完成的薄薄几页草稿只是全部工作的九牛一毛，好不沮丧。5) As I hope the readers of this work will come to understand dictionaries do not sprint into being正如我希望这部著作的读者会逐渐明白的那样，词典并非是一蹴而就的。6)People must plan them collect information and write them. 必须先制定计划，收集材料，然后方能编写。7 )Writing takes time and it is often frustrating and even infuriating.编写词典不仅耗费时间，而且常让人受挫，甚至恼怒。8 )No other form of writing is at once so quixotic and so intensely practical. 没有其他的写作像编纂词典那样，既要有空想又要脚踏实地9) Dictionary making does not require brilliance or originality of mind. 词典编纂并不需要很多的才华或独创的思维。10) It does require high intelligence mastery of the craft and dedication to hard work.但却要求很高的智力，对词典编纂的精通，和甘于吃苦的精神。11) If one has produced a dictionary one has the satisfaction of having produced a work of enduring value. 一个人编写出一部词典，就会因它的长久价值而得到一份快慰。
2.Pollution
1) Pollution is a problem because man in an increasingly populated and industrialized world is upsetting the environment in which he lives. 污染已成为问题，因为在当今人口越来越多，社会越来越工业化的世界上，人类正在污染他们居住的环境。2) Many scientists main tain that one of man’s greatest errors has been to equate growth with advancement. 许多科学家认为人类最大的错误是把发展和进步等同起来。3) Now ―growth‖ industries are being looked on with suspicion in case their side effects damage the environment and disrupt the relationship of different forms of life. 现在人们以怀疑的态度看待“发展性”的产业，因为它们的副作用会破坏环境，破坏各种生命之间的关系。4) The growing population makes
increasing demands on the world’s fixed supply of air water and land.
人口的增长导致对世界上有限的空气、水和土地的需求不断增长。5) This rise in population is accompanied by the desire of more and more people for a better standard of living, 伴随着人口增长的是越来越多的人渴望更高的生活水平。in an ever increasing amount of waste material to be disposed of. 于是对电、水和商品的更大需求必然造成有更多的废物要处理。6) The problem has been causing increasing concern to living things and their environment. 这个问题已经引起人们对生物及其环境的日益关注。7) Many believe that man is not solving these problems quickly enough and that his selfish pursuit of possessions takes him past the point of no return before he fully appreciates the damage.许多人认为，人类没有尽快地解决这一问题，却只顾谋求私利，以致于到了无可挽救的地步以后才充分认识到这种损害。
3.Intelligent Test
1) There is more agreement on the kinds of behavior referred to by the term ―intelligence‖ than there is on how to interpret or classify them. 2) But it is generally agreed that a person of high intelligence is one who can grasp ideas readily make distinctions reason logically and make use of verbal and mathematical symbols in solving problems. 3) An intelligence test is a rough measure of a child’s capacity for learning particularly for learning the kinds of things required in school. 4) It does not measure character social adjustment physical endurance manual skills or artistic abilities. 5) It is not supposed to-- it was not designed for such purposes. 6) To criticize it for such failure is roughly comparable to criticizing a thermometer for not measuring wind velocity. 7) Now since the assessment of intelligence is a comparative matter we must be sure that the scale with which we are comparing our subjects provides a ―valid‖ or ―fair‖ comparison.
4. Bureaucracy
1) Most ironic was the image of government that was born of these experiences. 这些经历给人们的政府形象是最有讽刺意味的。2) As any scholarly treatise on the subject will tell you the great advantage bureaucracy is supposed to offer a complex modern society like ours is efficient rational uniform and courteous treatment for the citizens it deals with. 任何一篇论述这个问题的学术论文都会说，对一个像我们这样复杂的现代化社会，官僚机构应当提供的一大优点是在和公民打交道时表现出富有效率，合乎情理，公平一致和文明礼貌的办事方法。3) Yet not only did these
qualities not come through to the people I talked with it was their very opposites that seemed more characteristic.
但是，和我谈过话的人并没有感觉到这些品质，倒是恰恰相反的情况似乎更具有代表性。4) People of all classes—the rich man dealing with the Internal Revenue Service as will as the poor woman struggling with the welfare department—felt the treatment they had received had been bungled not efficient; unpredictable not rational; discriminatory not uniform; and all too often insensitive rather than courteous. 各阶层的人，从与税收部门打交道的富人到与福利部门交涉的可怜的妇人，都觉得他们受到的对待是糟糕的，而不是有效的，是捉摸不定的，而不是合情合理的是带有歧视的，而不是公平的，而且经常是冷漠的，而不是礼貌的。5) It was as if they had bought a big new car that not only did not run when they wanted it to but periodically revved itself up and drove all around their yards. 就像是买了一辆新的大轿车，不仅要它走的时候不走，面貌而且不时会自行加速，在院子里到处乱跑。
人们对智力所指的有那些不同表现看法比较一致，而对这些表现如何进行解释和分类，意见就不那么一致了。但人们一般认为智力高的人在处理问题时能抓住要点，善于区分，能进行逻辑推理，和利用语言和数学符号。智力测试只能很粗地衡量孩子的学习能力，尤其是学习学校要求的东西的能力。智力测试并不能衡量一个人的个性，社会适应力，耐力性，劳动技能，或艺术才能。人们不认为能做到这些，当初也不是为这些目的设计的。批评智力测试不能做到这一些，就如同批评温度计不能测风速一样。既然对智力的评估是相对而言的，那么我们必须确保，在对我们的对像进行比较时，我们所使用的尺度能提供“有效的”或“公正的”比较。
5. Problem with Educational System
1)There are 39 universities and colleges offering degree courses in Geography but I have never seen any good jobs for Geography graduates advertised. 2)Or am I alone in suspecting that they will return to teach Geography to another set of students who in turn will teach more Geography undergraduates?3) Only ten universities currently offer degree courses in Aeronautical Engineering which perhaps is just as well in view of the speed with which the aircraft industry has been dispensing with excess personnel. 4) On the other hand hospital casualty departments throughout the country
are having to close down because of the lack of doctors. 5) The reason? University medical schools can only find places for half of those who apply. 6) It seems to me that time is ripe for the Department of Employment and the Department of Education to get together with the universities and produce a revised educational system that will make a more economic use of the wealth of talent application and industry currently being wasted on diplomas and degrees that no one wants to know about.
6. Novelists
1) But if the open air and adventure mean everything to De foe they mean nothing to Jane Austen. 如果说旷野和历险对笛福的小说是主题，那么对奥斯丁小说就毫无意义2) Hers is the drawing room and people talking and by the many mirrors of their talk revealing their characters. 她的小说是客厅和客厅中闲聊的人们。他们的谈话像一面面镜子，反映出他们的性格。3) And if when we have accustomed ourselves to the drawing room and its reflections we turn to Hardy we are once more spun around. 当我们熟悉了奥斯丁的客厅和反映出来的事物后再去读哈代的小说，又得转向另一个世界。4) The moors are round us and the stars are above our heads. 周围茫茫荒野，头顶一片星空。5) The other side of the mind is now exposed—the dark side that comes uppermost in solitude not the light side that shows in company. 此时心态的另一面被揭示出来：不是聚会结伴时显示出来的轻松一面，6) Our relations are not towards Nature and destiny. 而是自然和命运。7) Yet different as these worlds are each is consistent with itself. 这些作家描写的世界是完全不同的，但它们都自成一体。8) The maker of each is careful to observe the laws of his own perspective and however great a strain they may put upon us they will never confuse us ad lesser writers so frequently do by introducing two different kinds of reality into the same book. 每个世界的创造者都小心翼翼遵循自己观察事物的法则，不管他们的作品读起来是如何的费力，却不像二流作家那样，把两种完全不同的世界塞进同一本书，让人感到不知所云。
目前全国有39所大学开设地理学位课程，但我从未看到广告上有招聘地理专业的大学毕业生的好工作。或是不是只有我一个人怀疑他们将回到学校教另一批学生的地理，而这些学生将来又去教更多的学生的地理？现在只有10所大学开设航天工程学位课程，考虑到飞机制造业一直在裁员的速度，还是这样做好。另
一方面，由于缺少医生，全国的医院急诊室不得不纷纷关门。为什么？因为大学的医学院只能为申请攻读学位的一半人提供名额。对我来说，时机已经成熟，就业部和教育部应当和名大学携手起来，改革我们的教育制度，使之更珍惜地使用学校的人才资源，学生的刻苦勤奋精神。而现在这些人才和努力都浪费在无人感兴趣的文凭和学位上。
7.The Law of Competition
1) Under the law of competition the employer of thousands is forced into the strictest economies among which the rates paid to labor figure prominently.2) The price which society pays for the law like the price it pays for cheap comforts and luxuries is great but the advantages of this law are also greater than its cost—for it is to this law that we owe our wonderful material development which brings improved conditions in its train.3) But whether the law be benign or not we cannot evade it; of the effect of any new substitutes for it proposed we can not be sure; and while the law may be sometimes hard for the individual it is best for the race because it insures the survival of the fittest in every department.4) We accept and welcome therefore as conditions to which we must accommodate ourselves great inequality of environment; the concentration of business industrial and commercial in the hands of a few; and the law of competition between these ,as being not only beneficial but essential to the future progress of the race.
8. Key to Success in Business
1) Every successful business is built on superior senses—of timing opportunity responsibility and not infrequently humor.2) None however is more critical than the ability to sense the market.3) A senior executive’s i nstinctive capacity to empathize with and gain insights from customers is the single most important skill he or she can use to direct technologies product and service offerings indeed all elements of a company’s strategic posture.4) People like Bill Gates brought this ability to the enterprises they founded.5) Without it their ventures might have been short-lived or at least far less successful.6) But many top-level managers particularly those at industrial companies consider customer contact the bailiwick of sales and marketing staff.7) And even if they do believe that market focus is a priority most retain only limited contact with consumers as their organizations grow relying instead on
subordinates’ reports—second –or-third-hand informati0n—to define and sense the market for them.
在竞争的法则下，上万人的雇主不得不实行一些最严厉的节约措施，其中节约给工人报酬的那部分占很大一部分。社会为这个法则付出的代价如同为低廉的舒适条件和奢侈品付出的代价一样是巨大的。但带来的好处超过了代价，因为正是这个法则，我们才有了了不起的物质进步，其结果是生活水平的提高。但是，不管这个法则是好是坏，我们无法回避，对任何建议替代它的新东西，其作用我们是不敢肯定的，虽然这个法则有时对个人来说可能很残酷，但对人类来说是好的，因为它确保每个领域里适者生存。我们接受并欢迎环境上的不平等，接受并欢迎让工商业经营集中在少数人的手里，接受和欢迎他们之间存在竞争的法则，我们把所有这一切看成是我们必须适应的条件，看成对人类未来的进步不仅有益，而且是很有必要的。
每一个成功的工商企业都是建立在一些卓越的意识之上的，即懂得审时度势，抓住机遇，承担责任，并不乏幽默感。但这一切都没有比对市场了解的能力更为重要。高级管理人员的一个非常重要的本事是能很自然地设身处地的为客户着想，并从他们那里获得真知灼见。他们利用这种能力来指导技术、产品和售后服务，乃至公司战略计划的各个方面。比尔盖茨之类的成功者就曾把这种本事带进他们各自创立的企业中。没有这种能力，他们的事业或许只是昙花一现，至少没有像今天这样成功。但是许多高层经理，特别是工业公司的高层经理，把与顾客接触看成是销售和市场营销人员的事。即便他们确实也认为市场是公司的重心，但随着公司的发展，他们中在多数人也只与消费者保持十分有限的接触而已。他们判断和把握市场，依赖于下属送来的报告，即二手、三手的材料。
9. The Policy of Mass Media
1) Life is indeed full of problems on which we have to make decisions as citizens or as private individuala.2) But neither the real difficulty of these decisions nor their true and disturbing challenge to each individual can often be communicated through the mass media.3) The disinclination to suggest real choice which is to be found in the mass media is not simply the product of a commercial desire to keep the customers happy.4) The organs of the Establishment however well—intentioned they may be
have a vested interest in ensuring that the public boat is not violently rocked and will so affect those who work within the mass media that they will be led insensibly towards forms of production which though they go through the motions of dispute and inquiry do not break through the skin to where such inquires might really hurt.5) They will tend to move when exposing problems well within the accepted cliché—assumptions of democratic society and will tend neither radically to question these clichés nor to make a disturbing application of them to features of contemporary life
10. The American and the English
1) Of the intrinsic differences that separate American from English许多本质上的不同造成了美语从英语中分出来。the chief have their roots in the obvious disparity between the environment and traditions of the American people 而主要的不同是两种语言根植于两个完全不同的社会环境和文化传统。since the seventeenth century and those of the English自从从17世纪来，美国人和英国人在这两方面的差异十分明显。.2) The latter have lived under a relatively stable social order and it has impressed upon their souls their characteristic respect for what is customary and of good report. 英国人相对说来生活在一个相对稳定的社会秩序里。这种秩序铭记在他们心灵里的是对习惯上和名誉上的东西有一种特有的尊敬。3) Until the World War brought chaos to most of their institutions their whole lives were regulated perhaps more than those of any other people save the Spaniards by a regard for precedent. 虽然第一次世界大战改变了他们大多数的风俗习惯，但在这之前，他们的全部生活，或许比其他任何民族的生活，除西班牙人，都更受到先例的制约。
4) The Americans though partly of the same blood have felt no such restrain and acquired no such habit of conformity. 而虽然美国人中一部分的祖先是英国人，但他们没有这种约束。也没有这种一致性习惯的要求。5) On the contrary they have plunged to the other extreme for the conditions of life in their country have put a high value upon the precisely opposite qualities of curiosity and daring and so they acquired that character of restlessness that impatience of forms that disdain of the dead hand which now broadly marks them. 相反，他们走到了另一个极端，因为他们国家的生活状况使他们看重的是好奇和冒险这恰恰相反的品质，这样他们养成的是不安现状，厌烦形式主义，藐视旧势力的影响的个性。这些个性在他们身上普遍反映出来。
生活中充满了作为工民或个人必须作出决定的问题。但在媒体中不经常见到有反映作出这些决定的真实难度，也没有反映作出这些给他们带来的令人烦恼的难题。媒体不愿给出明确答案不只简单是一种取乐于顾客的广告手段。各种社会权力机构，尽管初衷可能是好的，都有自己的即得利益，确保社会的稳定，它们会设法影响新闻工作者，让他们不知不觉制作出的节目或写出的文章不痛不痒，不触及到问题的实质，虽然也装模作样地搞些辩论和调查。他们揭露问题往往只是在民主社会可以接受的老一套观点内进行。既不对这些老一套的表示出一点过激的疑问，在把它们到现代生活的专栏时也尽量不让各方面感到难堪。
短文翻译答案版
英译汉短文翻译 1. Job security is extremely hard to come by these days, no matter what profession you choose. It isn't enough to pursue a field with perceived stability, say the experts. You'll want to find something you feel passionate about, can make a living doing and that involves using skills you can easily apply to other fields. 在当前的经济形势下，无论你从事何种职业，就业稳定都很难找到稳定的就业机会。专家们表示，光是追求预计能够带来稳定就业的领域是不够的。你希望追求的方向应该是你所热爱的、能够借以维持生计的职业，并且能够运用到一些你可以轻松转换到其它领域的技能。 2. Love plays a pivotal role on out life. Love makes you feel wanted. Without love a person could go hayward and also become cruel and ferocious. In the early stage of our life, our parents are the ones who shower us with unconditional love and care, they teach us about what is right and wrong, good and bad. But we always tend to take this for granted. It is only after marriage and having kids that a person understands and becomes sensitive to others feelings. Kids make a person responsible and mature and help us to understand life better. 爱在生活之外扮演了一个关键的角色。爱使你想要得到些什么。没有爱，一个人将走向不归路，变得凶暴、残忍。在我们最初的人生道路上，我们的父母给予了我们无条件的关爱，他们教会我们判断正确与错误、好与坏。然而我们常常把这想当然了，只有等到我们结了婚并且有了孩子之后，一个人才会懂得并注意别人的感受。孩子让我们变得富有责任心、变得成熟稳重，并且更好的理解人生 3. When companies have different employees on the same job and one of them is paid differently, many unfairness issues surface. "It can happen in any 'open shop' that differentiates pay for any reason (seniority, performance, etc.)," says Dauphinais. You could run the risk of alienating valued colleagues if they learn you earn more for what they perceive to be the same job. 公司雇佣不同的人员从事同一岗位的工作时，如果其中有个人的薪资不同时，很多不公平的问题就会浮出水面。Dauphinais 说：“这种情况在任何开放行业都有可能发生，因为不同的原因（资历，表现等）员工的薪酬不同”。如果你让同事知道你们在做相同的工作，而你的工资比他们高，那么你就可能会被你很重视的同事疏远。 4. Spouses are a bigger source of stress than bosses, research shows. There may be no place like home, but if you want to relax then you might be better off at work, according to the survey.
英译汉-文体翻译(1)新闻
第六单元文体翻译 第一节新闻报道 一、新闻翻译的特点 1、翻译讲求实效 2、可以适当增减 ?翻译：遵循翻译标准进行全文翻译。 ?编译：紧扣原作主题思想，从原作选取最有价值的内容，遵循篇章构建的一般规律，基本按照原作的时间先后顺序和逻辑关系组织行文，再按照翻译的一般原则，将其译成目的语的过程。（王涛2004） ?摘译：摘取一些认为重要的或者说传达了重要信息的段落和内容。（俞建村2001）（注意：必须完整地翻译抽取的内容。） ?参见教材第十章“翻译的类型” p135. 3、符合写作要求 （1）手法： ?以尽可能有趣的方式将一定事实展现出来。 （2）结构： ?编年史法（chronological method ）： 依照事实发生先后按时间顺序叙述。 ?新闻导语法（news lead method ）： 依照事实的重要性来铺陈、排列事实。 （3）语言： ?具体、准确、简明、通俗、生动。 4、内容力求准确 二、新闻的翻译 ?标题的翻译 ?电头的翻译 ?导语的翻译 ?正文的翻译 ?了解背景知识 例： US Missile Targets Iraqi Radar Site W ASHINGTON: A United States Air Force F-16 fighter plane fired a missile at an Iraqi radar site after the jet was tracked electronically while in the “no-fly” zone over southern Iraq, the Pentagon said yesterday. But the White House, explaining a long delay in announcing the strike, said it was unclear whether Iraqi radar has “locked on” to the plane on Saturday. A Pentagon spokesman said the F-16 returned safely to its base in Saudi Arabia. It was not immediately known if the Iraqi site was damaged. The spokesman, confirming the strike about 18 hours after it occurred, said an investigation was under way. Iraq denied any such incident had taken place. 美导弹击中伊拉克雷达基地 华盛顿电：五角大楼昨日宣称：一架美空军F－16战斗机在伊拉克南部禁飞区被电子跟踪后，向伊一雷达基地发射了导弹。 但是白宫在解释拖延很久才公布这次打击行动的原因时称：星期六时尚不清楚伊雷达是否已“锁定”了这架飞机。 五角大楼的一位发言人说，该F—16战斗机已安全返回设在沙特阿拉伯的基地，伊雷
《英译汉教程》(连淑能主编,高等教育出版社)-第10~12章【圣才出品】
第10章Division（拆译法） 10.1 复习笔记 In division, we have to determine where to divide, how to divide, what the subject or the predicate of the new clause or sentence should be, and how to rearrange various parts of the original sentence. These may involve such techniques as Conversion, Addition and Inversion. 拆分时要注意以下问题：在哪里拆分，怎样拆分，新的从句或句子的主语、谓语分别是什么，以及如何重新组织这些部分。这里涉及到的技巧有转换法、增补法和倒置法。 一、Picking Out of Words（拆译单词） It is advisable to pick out those words which are hard to reproduce in the original structure and expand them into Chinese word groups, clauses or sentences. There are usually three steps to deal with such words: 翻译过程中，如果一个单词的意义很难用汉语在原有句法框架下表达出来，就可以把该单词抽取出来，并将其扩展为汉语词组、从句或句子。具体操作步骤如下： 1. Determine which word(s) to pick out; 确定需要抽取出来的单词； 2. Apply Conversion or Addition, if necessary, to make the translated version smooth and well-connected; 必要时运用转换法或增补法，使译文流畅、通顺；
英译汉练习短文6篇
英译汉练习短文6篇· Passage 1 Satiric Literature1 Perhaps the most striking quality of satiric literature is its freshness, its originality of perspective. Satire rarely offers original ideas. Instead, it presents the familiar in a new form. Satirists do not offer the world new philosophies. What they do is look at familiar conditions from a perspective that makes these conditions seem foolish, harmful, or affected. Satire jars us out of complacence into a pleasantly shocked realization that many of the values we unquestioningly accept are false. Don Quixote makes chivalry seem absurd; Brave New World ridicules the pretensions of science; A Modest Proposal dramatizes starvation by advocating cannibalism. None of these ideas is original. Chivalry was suspected before Cervantes2, humanists objected to the claims of pure science before Aldous Huxley3, and people were aware of famine before Swift4. It was not the originality of the idea that made these satires popular. It was the manner of expression，the satiric method, that made them interesting and entertaining. Satires are read because they are aesthetically satisfying works of art, not because they are
英译汉1994-2010年考研阅读理解真题全文翻译
英译汉历年真题全文翻译 1994年真题参考译文 新学派科学家们认为，在扩大科学知识范围的过程中，技术是一股被忽视了的力量(71)他们认为，科学之所以向前发展，与其说是因为天才伟人的真知灼见，还不如说是因为像改进了的技术和工具之类更为普遍的东西。(72)一位新学派的领袖人物坚持说，简言之，所谓的科学革命主要是指一系列工具的改进、发明和使用；这一系列工具的改进、发明和使用在无数个方面拓展了科学的领域。(73)多年来，工具和技术本身作为根本性革新的源泉在很大程度上被历史学家和思想家们所忽视了。肯定技术的现代派认为，诸如伽利略、牛顿、麦克斯韦、爱因斯坦这样的著名科学大师以及像爱迪生这样的发明家都十分重视各种不同的、可用于科学实验的工艺信息和技术装臵并从中获益匪浅，提倡肯定技术、
否定天才的论点之核心是对伽利略在科学革命的初期所起作用的分析。当时人们对天体的认识源于公元二世纪时的天文学家托勒密。他认为，在复杂的天体系统中所有的天体都围绕着地球运动。(74)伽利略最伟大的成就在于，在l 609年他是第一个用新发明的望远镜来观察天空的人，以证实行星是围绕太阳旋转而不是围绕地球旋转的。但故事中真正的英雄，新学派科学家们认为，是改进制作眼镜的机器的漫长过程。 联邦政府的政策不可避免地卷入了这场?技术?对?天才?之争。(75)政府是应该以牺牲技术作为代价来增加对纯理论科学的经费投入，还是相反，这常常取决于人们把哪一个看作驱动力量。 1995年真题参考译文
广泛用来帮助选拔、分类、委派或者提拔学生、雇员和军事人员的标准化教育或心理测试最近在图书、杂志、日报甚至国会中成了攻击的目标。(71)把标准化测试作为抨击的目标是错误的，因为在抨击这些测试的时候，批评家没有注意到错误在于那些不甚了解或者是不能胜任的使用者。测试本身只是工具，其特点是在具体条件下可以得到相当精确的测定。测试结果究竟是有价值、无意义或者有误导作用在部分程度上取决于工具本身，但在很大程度上取决于使用者。 所有对未来表现有根据的预测都取决于对相关的过去表现的一些了解：学习成绩、研究能力、销售纪录或者任何合适的信息。(72)这些测试将在多大程度上为后来的表现所证实，这取决于所采用信息的数量、可靠性和适应性，还取决于解释这些信息的技能和才智。任何认真记分的人都知道，能获得的信息往往不全面，而且预测很容易出现错误。
新编大学英译汉教程-模拟试题
内蒙古医学院 2009级英语专业第三学年第五学期 翻译理论与实践（英译汉）模拟试题 2011年12月 （试题册） Section A Multiple Choice Questions (10 points) Section B T ranslation Improvement (10 points) Section C T ranslation of Phrases (10 points) Section D T ranslation of Sentences (10 points) Section E T ranslation of Paragraph (10 points) Section F T ranslation of T ext (20 points)
Section A Multiple Choice Questions (5×2=10 points) I. Directions: Choose the best answer from the choices marked A,B,C or D. 1. The translation process generally includes the following except __________. A. understanding B. revision C. transition D. expression 2. The translation levels generally cover the following except__________. A. text B. clusters of phrases C.word D.sentence 3. The translator should always avoid such two problems in expression as__________. A. over-statement & under-statement B. over-presentation & under- presentation C. over-revision & under-revision D. over-understanding & under-understanding 4. Translation skills include the following except__________. A. expression. B. annotation C. amplification D. adaptation 5. The following words are onomatopoeic words except__________. A.Smile B. giggle C. whiz D. murmur Section B T ranslation Improvement (5×2=10 points) Directions: Each of the following Chinese translations has one or two inadequacies. Improve the given translations by making minor changes Example: 原文：This thesis leaves much to be desired. 译文：这篇文章有很多地方让人喜欢。 改译：这篇文章有很多地方有待完善。 6．原文：With this faith we will be able to transform the jangling discords of our nation into a beautiful symphony of brotherhood.. 译文：随着这个信念，我们就能将刺耳、喧闹之声变成美丽的兄弟交响曲。 改译：。 7．原文：Of poetry I don’t read much and when I do I choose the dead lion in preference to the living dog . 译文：诗歌我读得不多，但如果要我选择的话，我喜欢死狮子胜过活狗。 改译：。
英译汉篇章翻译2
英译汉篇章翻译练习（2） Proverbs are the popular sayings that brighten so much Latin American talk, the boiled-down wisdom that you are as apt to hear from professors as from peasants, from beggars as from elegances. Brief and colorful, they more often than not carry a sting. When a neighbor?s dismally unattractive daughter announced her engagement, Imelda remarked, “You know what they say, Senora: …There?s no pot so ugly it can?t find a lid.?” And when her son-in-law blustered about how he was going to get even with the boss who had docked his pay, Imelda fixed him with a cold eye and said, “Little fish does not eat big fish.” One afternoon, I heard Imelda and her daughter arguing in the kitchen. Her daughter had quarreled with her husband?s parents, and Imelda was in sisting that she apologized to them. Her daughter objected. “But, Mama, I just can?t swallow them, not even with honey. They talk so big until we need something; then they?re too poor. So today when they wouldn?t even lend us enough to pay for a new bed, a ll I did was say something that I?ve heard you say a hundred times: …If so grand, why so poor? If so poor, why so grand?” “Impertinent!” snorted Imelda. “Have I not also taught you, …What the tongue says, the neck pays for?? I will not have it said that I could never teach my daughter proper respect for her elders. And before you go to beg their pardon, change those trousers for a dress. You know how your mother-in-law feels about pants on a woman. She always says, …What was hatched a hen must not try to be a rooster!” Her daughter made one more try. “But Mama, you often say, …If the saint is annoyed, don?t pray to him until he gets over it.? Can?t I leave it for tomorrow?” “No, no and no! Remember: …If the dose is nasty, swallow it fast.? You know, my child, you did wrong. But, …A gift is the key to open the door closed against you.? I have a cake in the oven that I was making for the Senora?s dinner, I will explain to the Senora. Now, dear, hurry home and make yourself pretty in your pink dress. By the time you get back, I will have the cake ready for you to take to your mother-in-law. She will be so pleased that she may make your father-in-law pay for the bed. Remember: …One hand washes the other, but together they wash the face.?”
经典英译汉文章翻译赏析
英译汉文章翻译赏析 时间:2009年06月01日 【英译中选段六】原文（by Robert Frost） The Gift Outright The land was once ours before we were the land’s. She was our land more than a hundred years. Before we were her people. She was ours In Massachusetts, in Virginia; But we were England’s, still colonials, Possessing what we still were unpossessed by, Possessed by what we now no more possessed. Something we were withholding made us weak Until we found out that it was ourselves We were withholding from our land of living, And forthwith found salvation in surrender. Such as we were we gave ourselves outright (The deed of gift was many deeds of war) To the land vaguely realizing westward, But still unstoried, artless, unenhanced, Such as she was, such as she would become. (原载https://www.sodocs.net/doc/9b12224604.html, ) 译文（余光中译）： 全心的奉献 土地先属于我们，我们才属于土地。 她成为我们的土地历一百余年， 我们才成为她的人民。当时 她属于我们，在麻萨诸塞，在佛吉尼亚， 但我们属于英国，仍是殖民之身， 我们拥有的，我们仍漠不关心， 我们关心的，我们已不再拥有。 我们保留的一些什么使自己贫弱， 直到我们发现，原来是我们自己， 保留着，不肯给自己生息之地， 立刻，在献身之中找到了生机。 赤裸裸地，我们全心将自己奉献， （献身的事迹是多次的战迹） 献身与斯土，斯土正浑沦拓展，向西， 但迄未经人述说，朴实无华，未加渲染。 当时她如此，且预示她仍将如是。 （原载《余光中选集第五卷：译品集》，黄维樑、江弱水编选，安徽教育出版社，1999）【英译中选段七】 原文（by Fancis Bacon） Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment and disposition of
《翻译英译汉》word版
翻译——英译汉 英译汉部分要求翻译单句, 而不是段落或篇章。考生首先要读懂句子,了解句子的语法结构、使用的固定词组、习惯用法及词与词之间的语义关系, 然后, 再正确分析原文的语言现象和逻辑关系,进行透彻的理解, 最后, 力图用简洁明了的汉语表达出原文的意思。因此, 考生有必要掌握一些基本的翻译技巧。 一、翻译技巧一 一般的英译汉考题不会只是简单句。我们在做题时, 首先要从语法入手, 找寻和确定句子大的框架结构, 通过分析把句中的从句和插入部分先排除掉, 明确句子结构有助于我们正确理解整句话的意思。 (一)重点分析句子结构 其实, 就英语的句子结构而言, 是有规律可循的。除去省略句、倒装句、感叹句和 一些特殊句子外, 英语句子的结构可归纳为三类: 1. to be句型: 主语 + be + 表语 Miss Jones is a manager. 琼斯小姐是位经理。 2. to do句型: 主语 + do + (宾语) + (状语) He teaches English in this school. 他在这所学校教英语。 3. there be句型: There be + 主语 + 状语 There are beautiful wildflowers in the hills. 山中有美丽的野花。 (二)确定语法现象和惯用结构 英译汉考题中常见的重点语法有: 时态、语态、主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、 同位语从句、定语从句、状语从句、动词不定式、动名词、分词、虚拟语气、倒装句、强调句等。考生要非常熟悉这些语法现象, 才不至于对句子产生误解。例如: ?Anyone who is interested in it can go with us. 对这事感兴趣的人可以跟我们去。(who引导定语从句修饰主语anyone) ?The problem discussed at yesterday’s meeting is very important. 昨天会上讨论过的那个问题非常重要。(过去分词短语作后置定语修饰主语the problem) ?You could have done better if you had been more careful. 要是细心一点的话，你就会做得更好。(if 引导虚拟语气的条件状语从句) ?Hardly had I said that when she entered the room. 我刚说完，她就进来了。(倒装句, 否定词hardly位于句首, 助动词had 放在主语I之前 ) ?It was not until last night that I noticed this matter. 直到昨晚我才注意到这件事。(强调句: It was not until+强调成分+that句子其 余成分)
英译汉复习要领
英译汉复习要领 一、真题回顾 1．大纲对翻译部分的基本要求 在职人员攻读硕士学位入学英语考试中的翻译项目旨在通过翻译测试考生正确理解英文原句的能力以及汉语的书面表达能力。本部分采用语篇翻译的考试形式。要求考生将一篇120～150词的一般性题材的英语段落翻译成汉语。本部分满分为15分，考试时间为30分钟。对考生的要求是对原文理解正确，译文表达准确、通顺。因此，读懂原文，正确理解英文原文的意思是确保译文准确的前提，而通顺的表达则是获取高分的保障。 翻译考题是英文和中文两种语言的综合考试，难度较大。这一部分考生得分率普遍不是很高，是考生们复习的难点。但这部分有一个显著的特点，即翻译的技巧性强。因此考生们应特别注意翻译的方法和技巧。 下面通过对2003年在职人员攻读硕士学位入学英语考试中翻译真题的分析，让考生进一步了解翻译考题的难度和考点，把握复习思路和正确的解题技巧。 Part V Translation (30 minutes, 15 points) Directions: Translate the following passage into Chinese and put your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. The generation gap is so great in Hong Kong that the teenagers there rarely turn to their parents or teachers for advice on anything. Whether it be sex, AIDS, school worries or family problems, adults are not considered up to the job. Until now, no one has asked Hong Kong youth, “What do you think?” Some understanding of the emotions of Hong Kong’s youth, however, has come from the work of Dr. Jeffrey Day—at the University of Hong Kong. His survey of young people does not focus, for example, on how many drugs they take—but tries to answer the question why. Dr. Day hopes the results, which he plans to explain in full next week, will reveal what troubles—as well as pleases—today’s high-school students. Conclusions will be passed on not only to government departments but back to the schools which took part.
【精品】新视野大学英语1sectionB文章英译汉翻译
新视野大学英语1sectionB文章翻译 一、While regular schools still exist, the virtual classroom plays an important role in today's learning community.（虽然常规的学校依然存在，但虚拟课堂在今天的教学领域中起着重要的作用。）Job opportunities for students are expanding rapidly and more people of all ages are becoming aware of online learning that allows them to study at home. （随着学生就业机会的迅速增多，越来越多不同年龄层的人 开始意识到这种在家就学的网上学习方式。）Online students, however, require unique qualities to be successful.（然而，网络学生需要具备一些特别的素质才能取得成功。）The following list discusses some ideal qualities of successful online students. （以下是网上学生要取得成功必备的一些理想素质。） 1. Be open-minded about sharing life, work, and learning experiences as part of online learning. （与人分享生活、工作及学习经验，这些是网上学习的一部分。） Many people find that the online method requires them to use their experiences and that online learning offers them a place to communicate with each other.（许多人发现网上学习需要他们运用各自 的经验，同时又为他们提供了相互交流的场所。）This forum for communication removes the visual barriers that hinder some students from expressing themselves. （这一交流场所消除了一些学生自我 表达的视觉障碍。）In addition, students are given time to reflect on the information before replying. （此外，学生在答题之前有时间进行思考，）In this way, students can help to keep the online environment open and friendly.（这就使得网上环境开放而友好。） 2. Be able to communicate through writing. （能通过书写进行交流。） In the virtual classroom nearly all communication is written, so it is critical that students feel comfortable expressing themselves in writing.（虚拟课堂的交流几乎都是书面形式。因而很重要的一点是 学生要具有书面表达能力。）Some students have limited writing abilities, which need to be improved before or as part of the online experience. (有些学生书面表达能力差，有待提高，可以在网上学习之前提 高或将其作为网上学习的一部分。)This usually requires extra commitment by these students.( 这常常需要他们加倍努力。) Whether working alone or in a group, students share ideas, perspectives and discussions on the subject being studied, and read about those of their classmates. (不管是单独学习还是小组学习，学生们就学习内容交流观点和见解，并展开讨论，同时了解其他同学的意见。)In this way, students gain great insights from their peers, learning from each other as well as the instructor.( 这样，学生可以从同龄人那里得到启发，既跟老师学，又互相学习。) 3. Be willing to "speak up" if problems arise.(说出你的困难。) Remember that instructors cannot see their students in an online course.(记住，虚拟课堂里老师看不见学生。)This means students must be absolutely explicit with their comments and requests.(这就意味学生必须直接明了地表达自己的看法和要求。) If they experience technical difficulties, or problems in understanding something about the course, they MUST speak up; otherwise there is no way anyone can know something is wrong.( 如果碰到技术方面的问题，或在理解课程中遇到困难， 必须大胆说出来，否则任何人都无从知晓问题所在。) If one person does not understand something, possibly several others have the same problem.( 如果某人不理解某个问题，或许别人也有同样的问题。) If another student is able to help, he or she probably will.( 如果有哪个学生能解决，他(她)也许就会帮助你。) While explaining something to others, students reinforce their own knowledge about the subject. (学生在给他人解释问题时，自己对该问题的认识也加深了。) 4. Take the program seriously.(认真对待课程。) Online learning is not easier than study in regular classrooms. （网上学习并不比课堂学习容易。） In fact, many students say it requires much more time and effort. （事实上，许多学生说它需要花更 多的时间和努力。）Requirements for online courses are no less than those of any other quality program. （网络课程的要求不低于其他任何一种优质课程。）Successful online students, however, see online learning as a convenient way to receive their education—not an easier way. （然而，取得成功的学生认为网上学习是一种便捷的受教育方式，但并不容易。）Many online students sit at computers for hours at a time during evenings and on weekends in order to complete their assignments. （晚上 或周末，为了完成作业，许多网络学生在电脑前一坐就是几个小时。）When other people are finished with their work and studies and having fun, you'll most likely find online students doing their course work.（别人已完成作业和学习，开始玩耍，而此时网络学生却很可能还在上课。）Online students need to
英译汉教程翻译答案
1.他怪异的行为有悖于一般的良好行为规范（run counter to） His particular behaviour run counter to the popular concept of good conduct. 2.可以肯定的是，历史上鲜有人能同时在科学和数学领域的成就比牛顿更突出。（impact） What is certain is that few people in history have created a greater impact than Newton on the development of both science and mathematics. 3.你不该嘲笑孩子的失败，应该鼓励他们再去尝试。（deride） You are not support to deride children for their failures; you should encourage them to try again, instead. 4.在Judy毕业典礼的那天，她的叔叔婶婶以丰盛的晚餐来款带她。（sumptuous） On her graduation day, Judy was treated to a sumptuous dinner by her uncle and aunt. 5.对于他在公司的过往表现，没有人有什么不满。（with respect to） With respect to his past record in the film, no one has anything to complain about. 6.他们的自由与我们的自由息息相关，我们不能单独行动。（inextricably） Their freedom is inextricably bound to ours. We cannot act alone. 7.我年迈的叔祖母不习惯使用市场上盛行的一次性物品。（disposable） My aged great aunt is not used to the disposable goods which flood the market today. 8.他在考试中作弊被抓住后，名字马上被从应考者名单上删去。（eliminate） His name was immediately eliminated from the list of candidates after he was caught cheating in the exam. 1.他企图影射John是肇事者，结果是徒劳的。（insinuate, futile） His attempt at insinuating that John was the culprit turned out to be futile. 2.每当未能完成期望他做的事时，他都善于临时编个借口来为自己开脱。（improvise） He is very clever at improvising excuses each time he fails to do what is expected of him. 3.他的西藏之行可以让他想参观布达拉宫的愿望如愿以偿了。（gratify） His trip to Tibet may well gratify his desire to see the Potala. 4.这家公司人力资源雄厚，足以应对其他大公司的挑战。（command） This corporation commands distinguished human resource, rich enough to meet challenges from other big corporations. 5.我认为这恐怕不是我们双方都能接受的变通方法。我们难道想不出一个更好的方案来处理这个问题 （alternative） I don’t think that could be an acceptable alternative for both of us. Can’t we come up with a better one for this problem. 6.总爱胡思乱想和动不动就心血来潮都是有害的。（caprice） It is harmful to indulge in whims and caprices. 7.对不属于你的东西不要有非分之想。（lay one’s hands on; be entitled to） Try not to lay your hands on anything that you are not entitled to. 8.他没来参加竞赛。很可能把这件事全给忘了。（it may well be that） He did not come to the competition. It may well be that he forgotten all about it. 1.比赛的结果不仅取决于球员的个人技术，还取决于全队所有球员能否把握好时机。（timing） The outcome of the game depends not just on the skills of individual player but also on the timing of all the players of the team. 2.接下来我想问的是，我们如何维持一个恒定的自我呢（self-identity）