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《从百草园到三味书屋》阅读练习汇编

从百草园到三味书屋

（一）不必说碧绿的菜畦，光滑的石井栏，高大的皂荚树，紫红的桑葚；也不必说鸣蝉在树叶里长吟，肥胖的黄蜂伏在菜花上，轻捷的叫天子（云雀）忽然从草间直窜向云霄里去了。单是周围的短短的泥墙根一带，就有无限趣味。油蛉在这里低唱，蟋蟀们在这里弹琴。翻开断砖来，有时会遇见蜈蚣；还有斑蝥，倘若用手指按住它的脊梁，便会啪的一声，从后窍喷出一阵烟雾。何首乌藤和木莲藤缠络着，木莲有莲房一般的果实，何首乌有臃肿的根。有人说，何首乌根是有像人形的，吃了便可以成仙，我于是常常拔它起来，牵连不断地拔起来，也曾因此弄坏了泥墙，却从来没有看见过有一块根像人样。如果不怕刺。还可以摘到覆盆子，像小珊瑚珠攒成的小球，又酸又甜，色味都比桑葚要好得远。

1．这段文字描写景物，其中详写什么？略写什么？

2．这段文字从多角度进行描写，分别按提示各找一个例句。

写视觉的：

写听觉的：

写味觉的：

3．文段开头的两个“不必说”有什么表达作用？

4．说说下面两句话中加点的字能否改为括号内的字，为什么？

①肥胖的黄蜂伏．（停）在菜花上。

②轻捷的叫天子

．．．（云雀）忽然从草间直窜．（飞）向云霄里去了。

5．文中对拔何首乌根的描写有什么作用？试从“我”的心理和百草园对“我”的影响两方面加以回答。

6.“油蛉在这里低唱，蟋蟀们在这里弹琴”一句运用了什么修辞手法？请运用这种手法再续写两个句子。7．从本段文字中，我们可以学到哪些写景的方法？

8．作者写这一段文字的目的是什么？

9、文中的静态景物有、、、、、

、、。

文中的动物有：、、、、、、

。

10、a．描写形状的词语有

b．描写颜色的词语有

c．描写性质的词语有

d．描写声音的词语有

e．有情节描写的动、植物有

11.这段景物描写的顺序是（）

A.由园内到园外

B.由整体到局部

C.由概括到具体

D.由略写到详写

12.百草园的自然丰富多彩，作者是从______、______、______、______四个方面来写的。

13.文中写“我拔何首乌”表现什么？（）

A.表现“我”小时候很淘气，毁坏东西。

B.表现“我”小时候有想吃何首乌成仙的幻想。

C.表现百草园的生活充满无穷乐趣。

D.表现“我”小时候很好奇，勇于实践。（二）冬天的百草园比较的无味；雪一下，可就两样了。拍雪人（将自己的全形印在雪上）和塑雪罗汉需要人们鉴赏，这是荒园，人迹罕至，所以不相宜，只好来捕鸟。薄薄的雪，是不行的；总须积雪盖了地面一两天，鸟雀们久已无处觅食的时候才好。一块雪，地面，用一枝短棒一面大的竹筛来，下面些秕谷，棒上一条长绳，人远远地着，鸟雀下来啄食，走到竹筛底下的时候，将绳子一，便罩住了。但所得的是麻雀居多，也有白颊的“张飞鸟”，性子很躁，养不过夜的。

1、选择适当的动词填在横线上

a扫开；b打扫；c暴露；d露出；e支；f架；g拉；h牵；j撒；k投；i系；m捆

2、用原文回答：

捕鸟的条件

捕鸟的结果

3、捕鸟的过程用了一系列动词，它的作用是什么？

4、“冬天的百草园比较的无味”是与什么相比较说的？

5、冬天百草园的乐趣是什么？

6. “冬天的百草园比较的无味；雪一下，可就两样了。”“比较的无味”是无味吗？“可”字有什么用处？去掉它行吗？这句话的主要意思是什么？（用自己的话说）

7. “拍雪人和塑雪罗汉需要有人鉴赏，这是荒园，人迹罕至，所以不相宜，只好来捕鸟。”这句话的意思比较多，要注意“所以”、“只好”两个词，说说这句写了什么？

8. “薄薄的雪，是不行的：总须……养不过夜的。”这三句写捕鸟的过程，都有哪些记叙的要素？找出来。其中第2句用了多少动词写人的动作？有什么好处？如果将第2句改成：“在没有雪的地方，用秕谷做诱饵，用竹筛子扣鸟。”好吗？

9. 此段各句间有什么关系？

10. 总结一下这段话写了什么？

（三）我不知道为什么家里人要将我送进书塾里去了，而且还是全城中称为最严厉的书塾。也许是因为拔何首乌毁了泥墙罢，也许是因为将砖头抛到间壁的梁家去了罢，也许是因为站在石井栏上跳下来罢，……都无从知道。总而言之，我将不能常到百草园了。Ade，我的蟋蟀们！Ade，我的覆盆子们！……

1.按照顺序写出本段使用的修辞方法？

2.删掉句中的加黑字好不好的，为什么？

3.这一段在全文中的作用是？

4.“也许是……都无从知道。”表达的思想感情是（）。

①对被送进书塾的不解与强烈不满。②对读书、学习的厌恶。

③对自己行为的自责。④对家里的人破坏自己生活的愤恨。

5.文中画线句子表达了“我”对__________的强烈的__________，在“我”的心中，它们是可爱的

__________。6.概括段意。

答：_____________________________________________________。

（四）长妈妈曾经讲给我一个故事听：先前，有一个读书人住在古庙里用功，晚间，在院子里纳凉的时候，突然听到有人在叫他。答应着，四面看时，却见一个美女的脸露在墙头上，向他一看，隐去了。他很高兴；但竟给那走来夜谈的老和尚识破了机关。说他脸上有些妖气，一定遇见“美女蛇”了；这是人首蛇身的怪物，能唤人名，倘一答应，夜间便要来吃这人的肉的。他自然吓得要死，而那老和尚却道无妨，给他一个小盒子，说只要放在枕边，便可高枕而卧。他虽然照样办，却总是睡不着，——当然睡不着的。到半夜，果然来了，沙沙沙！门外像是风雨声。他正抖作一团时，却听得豁的一声，一道金光从枕边飞出，外面便什么声音也没有了，那金光也就飞回来，敛在盒子里。后来呢？后来，老和尚说，这是飞蜈蚣，它能吸蛇的脑髓，美女蛇就被它治死了。

1.找出长妈妈讲的故事的六要素。

时间：_______________________________。地点：_______________________________。

人物：_______________________________。故事的发生：______________________________。

故事的经过：__________________________________。故事的结果：

____________________________。

2.选出文中画“”的句子在文中起到的作用说法正确的一项，将序号填入括号中。

A.连接上下文。

B.对上文的说明。

C.过渡。

D.交代结果。

答（）

3.选出这段文字在全文中的作用说法正确的一项，将序号填入括号中。

A.给百草园增添了神秘感，丰富了百草园作为儿童乐园的情趣。

B.告诉孩子百草园是不能随便去的。

百草园的景物虽美，但也有许多邪恶的东西。

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