高二英语练习题11 (2)

语篇提能

阅读理解

A

Lobsters (龙虾) can be found throughout the world's oceans, with the exception of the north and south polar regions. Different types of lobster choose different areas to live. Many lobsters live in shallow water in the coastal areas around islands. One group of lobsters, called deep-sea lobsters, lives in the cold, deep sea.

When it comes to predators (捕食者), humans have to be placed first on the list thanks to a multi-billion dollar fishing industry. In the oceans lobsters face threats from a range of fish and sea mammals.

Atlantic Cod

Atlantic cod are found throughout the Atlantic Ocean at depths of between 200 and 440 feet. Small cod are primarily bottom feeders. Fully-grown cod will eat pretty much anything they can swallow whole including lobsters.

Summer Flounder

The summer flounder is a flat fish. What is unique about the fish is that both its eyes are on one side of its body. They stay close to the sea beds in the Atlantic waters off the coast of North America. They are effective predators that search for food on the sea floor. The flounder has sharp teeth capable of crushing (粉碎) small lobsters.

Harbor Seals

Found in Arctic and sub-arctic waters in both the Pacific and Atlantic oceans, the harbor seals rest on sandy beaches and take to the water to hunt. Seals have a varied diet, eating a range of fish. They also eat lobsters.

Wolffish

The wolffish is found in coastal waters on both sides of the North

Atlantic. It has a large mouth with sharp and long teeth. These teeth are specifically for eating hard-shelled animals. Lobsters are easy prey for the fish.

语篇解读本文介绍了几种龙虾的捕食者。

1．The first paragraph is mainly about ________.

A. the types of lobster

B. the habitats of lobsters

C. the features of lobsters

D. the living habits of lobsters

答案与解析B段落大意题。第一段主要谈及龙虾在世界各地的分布以及在水域中的栖息之处。故选B项。

2．What is unusual about the summer flounder?

A. It is large and round.

B. It lives on the sea floor.

C. It is able to crush any lobster easily.

D. It has both eyes on one side of its body.

答案与解析D细节理解题。根据Summer Flounder部分的介绍：“What is unique about the fish is that both its eyes are on one side of its body”可知选D项。

3．What is the main threat to lobsters?

A. The wolffish.

B. The harbor seal.

C. Human beings.

D. The Atlantic cod.

答案与解析C细节理解题。从第二段的“When it comes to predators, humans have to be placed first on the list ...”可知人类是龙虾生命的最大的威胁者。

4．According to the text, ________ can eat hard-shelled animals easily.

A. the Atlantic cod

B. the summer flounder

C. the harbor seals

D. the wolffish

答案与解析D细节理解题。从文章倒数第二句“These teeth are specifically for eating hard-shelled animals.”可以知道D项正确。

B

An ocean is a huge body of salt water. Oceans cover most of Earth. They are home to thousands of amazing animals.

Clown Fish

Do you recognize the little orange-and-white fish? They are clown fish.

To stay safe, clown fish live near sea anemones (海葵) that are poisonous to other fish. Clown fish have a coating that protects them from the poison.

Living near sea anemones keeps clown fish safe from predators that eat other animals for food.

Blue Whale

What is the largest animal on Earth? The blue whale! It can grow to 100 feet long and weigh 150 tons. That is as big as an airplane.

A blue whale may look like a fish, but it is a mammal. It breathes using lungs. That means it can't breathe underwater. The whale has to come to the surface every few minutes. It breathes out water and air through the two blowholes on the top of its head. Then it breathes in fresh air.

Sea Horse

When is a horse not a horse? When it is a sea horse! A sea horse is actually a fish.

A sea horse doesn't have teeth. It has a mouth shaped like a straw (吸管) to draw food out of the water.

A sea horse's shape is not the only thing unusual. A sea horse father gives birth instead of the mother! A male sea horse can have hundreds of babies at one time.

Octopus

Which ocean animal has eight arms? An octopus! Each arm has suction cups (吸盘) that help an octopus hold on to food.

An octopus can change its appearance easily. It can change color to mix with plants and rocks. It can also change shape and hide itself in very small spaces. How? An octopus has a soft body and no bones.

语篇解读本文主要介绍了几种海洋动物。

5．Why do clown fish stay close to sea anemones?

A. Sea anemones are their food.

B. Sea anemones' color is attractive.

C. Sea anemones do not hurt them.

D. Sea anemones can be their protector.

答案与解析D推理判断题。由文章第四段中“Living near sea anemones keeps clown fish safe from predators that eat other animals for food”可知，小丑鱼靠近海葵是因为海葵释放出的有毒物质使得其他食肉动物不敢接近海葵，而小丑鱼本身可以抵御这种毒性物质，这样就保护了自己。

6．A sea horse is special in that ________.

A. it eats using teeth

B. it is as big as a horse

C. the male produces the babies

D. it mainly feeds on straw

答案与解析C细节理解题。由文章倒数第三段中“A sea horse father gives birth instead of the mother”可知，雄海马负责繁殖下一代。

7．Which animal can vary its color in different situations?

A. Clown fish.

B. Blue whale.

C. Sea horse.

D. Octopus.

答案与解析D细节理解题。由文章最后一段中“An octopus can change its appearance easily. It can change color to mix with plants and rocks”可知，章鱼可以改变自身的颜色。

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