冰岛英文简介
冰岛
百科名片
冰岛国旗
冰岛共和国（英语：The Republic of Iceland ）是北大西洋中的一个岛国，代码IS ，简称冰岛，位于格陵兰岛和英国中间，首都雷克雅未克。地理概念上，冰岛经常被视为是北欧五国的一份子。今日的冰岛已是一个高度发展的发达国家，拥有世界排名第五的人均国内生产总值，
以及世界排名第一的人类发展指数。
红色三色堇：美丽的红色花卉，花语是―思虑、思念‖，属性火。
黄色三色堇：有着黄色花瓣的三色堇，花语是―忧喜参半‖，属性土。
紫色三色堇：有着紫色花瓣的三色堇，花语是―沉默不语‖、―无条件的爱‖，属性暗。
大型三色堇：束缚
三色堇常用花语：沉思，快乐，请思念我。[5]
国家简介
冰岛共和国(The Republic of Iceland)。冰岛语意为―冰的陆地‖。又称温泉岛国、冰与火之国。
冰岛是联合国、北大西洋公约组织、欧洲自由贸易联盟、欧洲经济区、北欧理事会与经济合作与发展组织的会员国，但是并未加入欧洲联盟。经过2008年末的金融危机，冰岛现已宣布破产。
国旗
冰岛国旗于1944年6月17日冰岛成为共和国时采用，设计为蓝色底色配以白色及红色的十字。呈长方形，长与宽之比为25:18。旗地为蓝色，红、白两色的十字将旗面分成四块：两个相等的蓝色正方形，两个相等的蓝色长方形。蓝色代表大海，白色代表白雪。蓝、白两色为冰岛的国色，体现冰岛的自然环境特点，即在蓝色的天空和海洋中，浮出― 冰的陆地‖——冰岛。冰岛自1262年起为挪威属地，14世纪同受丹麦统治,所以国旗上的十字图案中文名称：
冰岛共和国 英文名称：
T he Republic of Iceland 所属洲： 欧洲 首都： 雷克雅未克 主要城市： 阿克雷里，哈夫纳夫约杜尔
国庆日： 1944年6月17日
官方语言：
冰岛语 货币： 冰岛克朗
人口数量： 313376人(2007年) 主要民族： 冰岛人 主要宗教： 基督教路德宗 国土面积： 10.3万平方公里 国鸟： 白隼 国花： 三色堇 独立日： 12月1日(1918年) 国庆日： 6月17日(1944年)
源自丹麦国旗图案，表示出冰岛历史上与挪威、丹麦的关系。冰岛于1918年宣布为主权国家，但仍受丹麦国王的控制。在第二次世界大战中，冰岛脱离丹麦，同英美建立了外交关系。1944年6月17日成立冰岛共和国，1946年加入联合国，1949年成为北约成员国。
提起冰岛，人们通常会把它与严寒和冰雪联系在一起。然而，当我们身临其境时才发现，冰岛虽有冰，但到处触摸到的却是―火‖。火山、热泉、间歇泉在这里比比皆是，―地球的热泪‖遍地流淌、热气腾腾。因此，如果把冰岛称为―冰火之岛‖更为确切。
国徽
中心图案为绘有国旗图案的盾徽。盾徽上端有一只红舌金爪的白隼和一只白齿红舌金爪的龙，左侧是一头黑牛，右侧站着一位身披斗篷的白衣老人。隼、龙、牛和老人都是传说中的守护神。盾徽下端的石块代表冰岛多岩石的漫长海岸。
首都
冰岛首都雷克雅未克(Reykjavik) 位于冰岛西部法赫萨湾东南角、塞尔蒂亚纳半岛北侧，全世界纬度最高的首都，是冰岛最大的港口城市，西面临海，北面和东面被高山环绕，受北大西洋暖流影响，气候温和，7月份平均温度11℃，1月份平均温度－1℃，年平均温度4.3℃。全市有人口112200人。
人口
据冰岛国家统计局最新数据，截止到2008年1月1日，冰岛人口总数为313376人，其中男性159488人，女性153888人。城市人口275333人，乡村居民38043人（居住在少于1000人的村落）。人口密度：2.98人/k㎡。（世界排名第188名）据冰岛国家统计局2006年3月28日发布的资料，2005年，冰岛总死亡人数为1836人，其中男945人，女891人，死亡率约0.64%，男子寿命平均78.9岁，女子82.8岁。
行政区划
全国分为23个省、21个自治市和203个教区。
地理概况
面积为10.3万平方公里,为欧洲第二大岛。是欧洲最西部的国家，北边紧贴北极圈，冰岛1/8被冰川覆盖，冰川面积8000平方公里。
100多座火山，以―极圈火岛‖之名著称，其中一半为活火山。华纳达尔斯赫努克火山为全国最高峰，海拔2119米。
冰岛是世界温泉最多的国家，所以被称为―冰火之国‖。全岛约有250个碱性温泉，最大的温泉每秒可产生200升的泉水。
地热资源丰富，温泉广布。
气候
南部温带海洋性气候，北部苔原气候。因受北大西洋暖流影响，较同纬度的其他地方温和。夏季日照长，冬季日照极短。秋季和冬初可见极光。
水文
主要的河流有：菲约德勒姆冰河等。冰岛多喷泉、瀑布、湖泊和湍急河流，最大河流锡尤尔骚河长227公里。
主要城市
冰岛主要城市有首都雷克雅未克、阿克雷里、哈夫纳夫约杜尔、凯夫拉维克及科帕沃于尔。
官方语言为冰岛语。英语为通用语言。
冰岛语（冰岛文：íslenska，英文：Icelandic），冰岛的官方语言，属印欧语系、日耳曼语族北支（又称斯堪的纳维亚语支）。主要分布于冰岛本土，使用人口超过20万。
冰岛语为欧洲―最保守的‖语言之一,保留着古斯堪的纳维亚语的特点。现代冰岛人仍能阅读1000年前写的古冰岛语史诗。
冰岛语是斯堪的纳维亚诸语言中的一种。斯堪的纳维亚诸语言构成日耳曼语族的一支，日耳曼语族属于印欧语系。
旅游
有世界上最纯净的空气和水，以及最好的温泉。或者因为冰岛是个神秘莫测的国度：比起其他的北欧国家，冰岛看来很原始，人与自然非常地贴近.冰岛因为气候寒冷和污染少，羊毛非常有名。北欧古文字的项链也是值得带回的特色纪念品。
冰岛属寒温带海洋性气候，变化无常。因受墨西哥湾暖流影响，较同纬度的其他地方温和。夏季日照长，冬季日照极短。秋季和冬初可见极光。
每年6--9月以及1--3月间是最适合旅游的季节。1月到3月之间，可以在雷克雅未克安排溜冰、冰钓、雪地机车以及越野狩猎之旅等等刺激的活动。6月初旅游季节开始，但是某些高地的巴士之旅须到7月才开始。每年8月中旬之后冰岛旅游热度便降低。Welcome to Iceland Guest - Your Online Travel Guide.
Iceland - New Discoveries All Year Round
Brief intro
Iceland is a refreshingly unconventional destination. The Icelandic nature is exotic and mystical with its spouting geysers, active volcanoes, tumbling waterfalls, towering mountains, vast lava plains and magical lakes. Iceland’s f iords, glaciers and highland plains present visitors with some of the most beautiful and enchanting places they will ever see. Iceland is a stunningly beautiful place if one enjoys strange and desolate landscapes. Icelandic travel and tourism is one of the fastest-growing sectors of the Icelandic economy. With flight time around 3 hours from major gateways in Europe and 5 hours from the east coast of North America, the country is more accessible than you might have thought.
For those on a quest for action, Iceland’s pristine nature offers great potentia l for outdoor activities such as snowmobiling, horse riding, cave exploring, hiking, swimming, skiing, river rafting, kayaking and mountain safaris on modified four-wheel drives, to name but a few. Iceland supports a surprisingly diverse Nordic flora and fauna and is an ideal place for ornithology enthusiasts, while also offering some of the world’s best whale watching destinations.
The country attracts visitors all year round, not only thanks to its diversity in landscape, but also its vital energy and contrast of lights, shades and seasons that offer new discoveries with every visit. Iceland is the world’s youngest country from a geological point of view and is still growing. The island is bustling with subterranean
activity, and a boundless supply of geothermal heat is used for thermal spas, cheap house-heating and natural energy creation. Iceland is the world’s second biggest user of geothermal energy, producing as much as the United States of America and trailing only the People’s Republic of China.
Icelanders, while achieving a high standard of living and education, have kept true to their Viking heritage, traditions, history and folklore. The Icelandic countryside is dotted with habitats of elves and trolls and every region has a plethora of myths and legends, many of which are kept alive by monuments and plaques. Be sure to visit one of the museums dedicated to the Saga Age or some of the sites where the Sagas took place; both are available on several locations around Iceland.
Because it is so close to the Arctic Circle, the amount of daylight varies dramatically by season. The sun sets briefly each night in June, but it doesn't get fully dark before it comes back up again. In the March and September equinoxes, days and nights are of about equal length, as elsewhere in the world. If you go in December the darkness lasts about 20 hours per day.
The country attracts visitors all year round, not only thanks to its diversity in landscape, but also its vital energy and contrast of lights, shades and seasons that offer new discoveries with every visit. Iceland is the world’s youngest country from a geological point of view and is still growing: a volcanic eruption in 1963 formed Surtsey, a new island off the south shore of Iceland, and the latest eruption in Vatnaj?kull glacier was in November 2004. The island is bustling with subterranean activity, and a boundless supply of geothermal heat is used for thermal spas, cheap house-heating and natural energy creation. Iceland is the world’s second biggest user of geothermal energy, producing as much as the United States of America and trailing only the People’s Republic of China.
Pure Energy - Healthy Living
Iceland is not only closer than you think, but far different than you ever imagined. Summers are surprisingly warm and winters not as cold as you might expect. Regardless of when you visit, be assured that the warmth shown by Icelanders, their desire to share their culture and the efforts made to make your stay as pleasant as possible will, like the spectacular landscape, never be forgotten. Looking for a holiday or vacation in Europe? - Visit Iceland for your holiday.
Reykjavik Urban Life
Visitors to Reykjavik easily e xperience the pure energy at the heart of Iceland’s capital city – whether from the boiling thermal energy underground, the natural green energy within the city and around it, or the lively culture and fun-filled nightlife. Reykjavik is a great place to visit, whether for some cultural nourishment, a spot of unbridled fun or to recharge your batteries. The city has the features of a modern, forward-looking society which is complemented by a close connection to beautiful nature right on the city’s doorstep.
Travel
Iceland is a land of spurting geysers, glaciers, waterfalls, boiling mud pools, midnight sun and northern lights. Iceland is the least densely populated country in Europe, with a pure, unpolluted and truly magical landscape. Iceland′s
summers are surprisingly warm, lush and green, with days lengthening until midsummer and during winter, which are not as cold as you might imagine, you can marvel at the amazing, undulating green, blue, yellow and pink lights of the aurora in the night sky. Regardless of when you visit, you can be assured of the warmth of the Icelanders’ welcome and their desire to share their culture.
世界博览会
―纯净能源-健康生活‖是2010年上海世博会冰岛馆的主题。该主题反映了冰岛人与孕育冰岛的大自然之间的深刻联系，同时反映了冰岛人是怎样学会在生活中充分利用天然能源的。冰岛有着世界上最活跃的火山及间歇喷泉，并以有着欧洲最大的冰川而闻名，冰川融化的水不断地汇流到河流与瀑布中。如此天然的环境赋予了冰岛丰富的天然无污染资源--水力及地热。冰岛馆的设计理念是一个―冰立方‖。冰岛参展2010年上海世博会为冰岛的企业和机构提供了一个独特的向中国展示产品及服务的舞台。馆内的商务中心将与商务咨询机构协力，为冰岛企业及冰岛艺术家、慈善组织、文化项目等创造丰富的机会。
9月11日冰岛馆庆祝国家馆日
2010年9月11日冰岛馆庆祝国家馆日。馆日当天也是世博会举办以来冰岛及冰岛馆受到媒体关注的最多的一天。馆日庆祝活动以早上的升旗仪式为开始。随后,中国农业部部长韩长斌、冰岛总统奥拉维尔·拉格纳·格里姆松阁下为仪式分别作了发言。冰岛年轻有为的钢琴家Tinna Thorsteinsdóttir 女士随后为活动演奏了多首经典的冰岛乐曲。下午, 专场记者招待会在冰岛馆内举行,30多名媒体记者出席了该会,有些为全国性媒体。此外, 冰岛总统奥拉维尔·拉格纳·格里姆松阁下还接受了10家媒体的专访,如CNN, Bloomberg和CCTV。
About …Iceland馆
The Country
Iceland is an island of 103.000 km2 (39,756 https://www.sodocs.net/doc/a15231722.html,es), about one-third larger than Scotland or Ireland. Its highest peak, Hvannadalshnjúkur, rises to 2.110 m and over 11 per cent of the country is covered by glaciers, including Vatnaj?kull, the largest in Europe.
Energy
Situated on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Iceland is a hot spot of volcanic and geothermal activity: 30 post-glacial volcanoes have erupted in the past two centuries, and natural hot water supplies much of the population with cheap, pollution-free heating. Rivers, too, are harnessed to provide inexpensive hydroelectric power.
People
Out of a population numbering more than 300.000, half live in the capital Reykjavík and its neighboring towns in the southwest. Keflavik International Airport is located about 50 km from the capital. The highland interior is uninhabited (and uninhabitable), and most canters of population are situated on the coast.
Language
Iceland was settled by Nordic people in the 9th century - tradition says that the first permanent settler was Ingo fur Arnarson, a Norwegian Viking who made his home where Reykjavík now stands. The Icelanders still speak the language of the Vikings, although modern Icelandic has undergone changes of pronunciation and, of course, of vocabulary! Iceland is alone in upholding another Norse tradition, i.e. the custom of
using patronymics rather than surnames; and Icelander’s Christian name is followed by his or her father’s name and the suffix -son or –dóttir. Members of a family can therefore have many different "surnames", which sometimes causes confusion to foreigners!
Health
Life expectancy, at 81.3 years for women and 76.4 for men, is one of the highest in the world, and a comprehensive state health-care system aims to keep it that way. Reykjavík - the friendly capital
Reykjavík has been described as a young and daring city that is characterized by strong contrasts. Conveniently small, clean and safe, it is more or less free from the major problems that haunt many other capitals. Big city events are frequent, the winter lights festival finished recently with thousands of participants and more tourist at this time of the year than we are used to, half of the city?s population participates directly in.
Visitors to Reykjavik experience easily the pure energy at the heart of Iceland's capital city - whether from the boiling thermal energy underground, the natural green energy within the city and around it, or the lively culture and fun-filled nightlife.
Think of the qualities of a great city - fun, space, clean air, nature, culture - and Reykjavik has them in spades. It has the features of a modern, forward-looking society which are complemented by a close connection to beautiful nature.
The population of the Reykjavik Capital Area is about 200,000. Reykjavik is spread across a peninsula with a panoramic view of the mountains and the Atlantic Ocean on almost all sides. In the summer, you can sit by the harbour at midnight and watch the sun dip slightly below the horizon before it makes its way up again.
Reykjavik is a great place to visit, whether for some cultural nourishment, a spot of unbridled fun or to recharge your batteries. Think of the ideal city break and you'll think of Reykjavik.
Highlights and Places in Iceland
Borgarbyggd - Borgarnes and surrounding Places
Welcome To Borgarbyggd municipality - the heart of west Iceland.
The natural suroundings in Borgarbyggd are exceptionally beautilful and there are many interesting sightseeing’s to visit. You can feel the presence of history in this area and there are many interesting historical places to visit like Borg,
Borgarnes town is a center for communications, trade and services in this area. There you will find shops, restaurants, hotels, museums, camping sites, a good swimming pool, sports facilities etc.
Just outside of Borgarnes town you will find a 12-hole golf course and excellent opportunities for horse riding. There are many horse rentals and riding schools and great trails to explore. In the Varmaland area there is another good swimming pool and camp site.
Gareur
Gareur is a small community, located northernmost at the Reykjanes peninsula. The town, which was established in the year 1908, has been growing steadily through the
years and offers a lot of service and activities for the traveller.
A big and elegant gymnasium is located in the town with an outdoor swimming pool and a hot spot so you can relax after a busy day. Close by is one of the best golf courses in Iceland where you can enjoy the fresh air with a fabulous view over the sea and the coast.
This charming community has a lot to offer and it is only a 10 minutes drive from the international airport. It is therefore ideal to start or end your trip around Iceland in Gareur and experience a true Icelandic atmosphere.
Geysir
Home of the Great Geyser.
The Geysir-Center consists of a whole building complex with restaurant, hotel, swimming pool, souvenier shop, snack shop, gas station, multimedia show, horse rental, 4 wheels quad, and camping area. Therefore it is not just perfect for vacationing, it's also good for day trips.
The Westman Islands.
Let me take you to the the islands where adventures wait.
There are places in Iceland that simply have to be experienced. The Westman Islands are one of those places by virtue of their natural beauty and by being historically and geologically one of Iceland′s most distinctive destinations. Heimaey may only be about 13 km2, but that small area contains enough magical scenery and birdlife to delight the visitor for days. The islands are part of a young and still active submarine volcanic system, most of them coming into being only 10-20.000 years ago. The youngest of the group is Surtsey which erupted from the sea floor in 1963.
A journey to the Westman Islands is neither more expensive nor more difficult than to many places on the mainland, though prior booking whether by sea or air is advisable. From Reykjavík the trip by air is 20 minutes and from Bakki, on the south coast, it is only a 6-minute flight.
Other popular attractions are one of Iceland's best 18-hole golf courses, deep sea fishing, bird and whale watching, natural history and folk museums. Hiking up volcanoes, over lava fields or along the shoreline is also a favourite pastime. Comfortable accommodations are available as well as a variety of restaurants and coffee houses. A short daytrip is therefore very much a thing of the past. The island's tourism industry endeavours to make visitors feel welcome and hopes they will spend more time with us.
Activities
Iceland offers a great variety of tours, some covering large parts of the country, others small areas at a time. There are traditional tours as well as tours quite different from what can be experienced elsewhere. There are nature tours with striking landscapes, young lava fields, roaring waterfalls and majestic glacial ice-caps. In addition, there are organized day tours, and weekend and holiday tours all year round with Icelandic touring clubs where the emphasis is on hiking.
Much of Iceland is still taking shape before your very eyes – raw, dramatic landscapes born from volcanic eruptions and carved out by glaciers. Other parts have hardly
changed since the first Viking settlers saw them more than 1,100 years ago.
Some activities, such as swimming in geothermally heated pools, are part of the everyday lifestyle. Others are ideal ways to relax from the stress and cares of modern life. Yet others offer you the challenge of the mightiest forces that nature can muster. Iceland is an ideal destination for today's active tourist. Activity vacations are offered all over Iceland. These vacations may feature river rafting, hiking, glacier tours, fishing, horseback riding, boat tours, whale watching and swimming.
Nature and Wildlife
Hiking
More than half of Iceland is over 400 m above sea level, and a large part of the island is covered by lava, glaciers, lakes and sand. Few places in Iceland have marked walking paths, but hiking is a favourite pastime for Icelanders and tourists alike.
Bird watching
Many places in Iceland are a paradise for bird-watchers. Látrabjarg in the West Fjords is the largest birdcliff known in the world. A great variety of cliff-nesting species can be found there, including the largest razorbill colony in the world. The Westman Islands are known for many kinds of seabirds, and are home to Iceland's largest puffin population.
Whale watching
The cool clear North Atlantic encircling Iceland is teeming with whales of various sizes and species. Already thousands of tourists have enjoyed whale watching from various sites around the country. The whale watching ports are all around the coastline.
Seal watching
Iceland offers various seal watching location where you can observe harbour seals/common seals in their natural habitat.
Fitness, Sport and Well-being
In our modern world, people work hard and often experience a great deal of stress. Iceland offers many ways to relax and recover from life’s tensions through physical activity. The warm water that is found so abundantly in the Icelandic soil provides wonderful opportunities for relaxation and recreation. Every village or town has a swimming pool where you can luxuriate in water of 27–29°C and relax in the hot tubs, of which there is often a choice, with temperatures varying from 38 to 42°C. In some places you can swim in natural bluish water, rich in minerals and soothingly warm. In addition, there are many fitness training facilities where you can work out and get your body back into shape. Or what about a simple hike to enjoy the superb landscape and fill your lungs with fresh air? Iceland is one of the least polluted countries on earth, and many visitors comment on how well they sleep here – something that can perhaps be attributed to the abundance of fresh air!
Adventure
Glacier Tours
Tours on a glacier with snowmobiles or super-jeep is an unforgettable experience - whatever the season.
Kayaking and River rafting
Thrills and spills in swirling glacial waters. Kayaking on inland waterways, gentle bays or wild shores.
Horse Riding
Numerous farms and tour operators throughout Iceland offer horse riding tours from 1 hour up to 10 days (see brochure from the Farm Holiday Service). Please note that all equestrian equipment must be disinfected before arrival.
Fishing and Hunting
Iceland is famous for its salmon and trout fishing. The main season for salmon fishing is from around June 20th to mid-September. Trout fishing varies from one river/lake to the next, but the normal season is from April/May until late September/October. During winter, ice-fishing is quite popular.
Sea angling is also becoming a popular sport in Iceland. The season begins late in May and lasts until the end of August with several tournaments in different parts of the country. For further information please contact local tourist information centres and travel agencies.
There are now three National Parks around the country, each with its own particular points of interest.
Vatnaj?kull National Park,
the largest national park in Europe. Covering a total area of 12,000 km2 (11% of Iceland), few other places in the world exhibit the effects of such a wide range of natural phenomena. The battle between ice and fire still rages within the National Park's boundaries.
Thingvellir
―Symbol of the Icelandic Consciousness‖, is in a rift valley between the American and European geological plates and Lake Thingvellir contains species of fish found nowhere else.
Sn?fellsj?kull National Park
is at the foot of a volcano and glacier, and is steeped in mystery and romance; it is the only Park that reaches from the seashore to the mountaintops.
Culture and Arts
A superb blend of tradition and modern culture
Iceland has a long history, a rich culture and extremely resourceful and creative inhabitants. It will come as no surprise, therefore, that there are numerous museums in the country, focusing on a wide variety of themes. For visitors, this opens up whole new vistas of opportunity for finding out more about this unique island.
Museums
There are museums dedicated to interpreting the very earliest history of the country, highlighting the extraordinary fact that the history of Iceland is known in its totality, from the original settlement in the ninth century to the present day. You can visit museums about the settlement period, the Saga period, about themes from the Middle
Ages, about the 19th century when many people emigrated from Iceland to the New World in the wake of a devastating volcanic eruption, and about the last century and a half of Icelandic history.
Many museums are dedicated to a particular theme, such as fisheries, ghosts, witchcraft, aviation, whales, textiles and handicrafts, theatre props, volcanoes, glaciers, photography, medicine, music, coins, stamps, individual Icelandic authors, electricity, technical matters, hunting, communication, World War II, medieval manuscripts, seals, science, old buildings, horsemanship, rocks and semi-precious stones, and, of course, natural history.
In addition to the numerous art museums and galleries, there is a symphony orchestra, a large number of choirs and a whole host of pop groups, bands, singers and musicians of all kinds. International artists often perform in Iceland and concerts of international standard take place at least once or twice a month.
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Dining & Entertainment
Eating
It’s a fact of life: you will need to eat during your holiday in Iceland. So, just what are the Icelandic specialties; what should you eat in Iceland? The key to Icelandic cuisine is freshness.
Fish comes fresh from the unpolluted oceans surrounding the country, meat from animals that graze in meadows situated far from urban areas, sometimes deep in the uninhabited interior. And it may come as a surprise, but a lot of vegetables are also grown in Iceland, some in the open air, others in greenhouses heated with natural hot water.
As a result, Icelandic chefs have easy access to raw ingredients of the highest quality, allowing them to give free rein to their imaginations. Fish and lamb are traditional, but most restaurants will also include beef, poultry, pork, game, seabirds, lobster, shrimp and scallop on their menus, as well as vegetarian dishes.
You will also find many specialist restaurants, such as Indian, Pakistani, Korean, Chinese, Thai, Filipino, Japanese, Italian, French, Spanish, Danish, American and Mexican. And of course there is fast food, but fast food is relatively expensive in Iceland, so in many cases a proper restaurant meal will not set you back much more. Entertainment
In terms of music, Iceland has everything from pop to classical, opera, rock and musical. International artists often play in Iceland, while at the other end of the spectrum you will find that many pubs offer a wide variety of live music. Also, more and more Icelandic artists are making names for themselves internationally. Suffice it to mention Bjorn or Sigur Rós! Theatre is popular, but is usually performed in Icelandic. In cinemas, however, all films are presented in the original language with Icelandic subtitles. The Icelandic dance scene, meanwhile, offers everything from classical ballet to belly dancing.
Shopping
Fashion Fanatics
You already know that Iceland is a hot spot for nature lovers. But for shoppers too? Absolutely. Iceland has some of the best souvenirs in the world, with a different take: most of what you buy here you’ll use elsewhere. From warm woollens to beautifully crafted pottery and glass, to resilient outdoor wear, these are more than just keepsakes. And if you have a taste for the finer things, Iceland is also one of the best places to buy luxury. Not only is it one of the trendiest places in Europe, and therefore a hip spot for fashion, the haute couture here is reasonably priced, especially once you claim your 15% tourist rebate on purchases over ISK 4,000.
Fashion and accessories
Iceland is home to many great fashion brands you are already familiar with, as well as some smaller, more specialised ones. Stores likes Flex and Kron have great independent labels from all over the world, as well as jewellery.
世界各国首都(中英文对照)
国家名称首都 中华人民共和国People's Republic of China 北京Beijing 蒙古Mongolia 乌兰巴托Elggydggmgj 朝鲜Democratic People's Republic of Korea 平壤Pyongyang 韩国Republic of Korea 汉城Seoul 日本Japan 东京Tokyo 菲律宾Republic of the Philippines 马尼拉Manila 印度尼西亚Republic of Indonesia 雅加达Jakarta 文莱Brunei Darussalam 斯里巴加湾市Bandar Seri Begawan 新加坡Republic of Singapore 新加坡Singapore 泰国Kingdom of Thailand 曼谷Bangkok 马来西亚Malaysia 吉隆坡Kuala Lumpur 越南Socialist Republic of Vietnam 河内Hanoi 老挝Lao People's Democratic Republic 万象Vientiane 柬埔寨Kingdom of Cambodia 金边Phnom Penh 缅甸Union of Myanmar 仰光Yangon 不丹Kingdom of Bhutan 廷布Thimphu 东帝汶Democratic Republic of East Timor 帝力Dili 尼泊尔Kingdom of Nepal 加德满都Kathmandu 印度Republic of India 新德里New Delhi 孟加拉国People's Republic of Bangladesh 达卡Dhaka 斯里兰卡Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka 科伦坡Colombo 马尔代夫Republic of Maldives 马累Male 巴基斯坦Islamic Republic of Pakistan 伊斯兰堡Islamabad 阿富汗Islamic State of Afghanistan 喀布尔Kabul 塔吉克斯坦Republic of Tajikistan 杜尚别Dushanbe 吉尔吉斯斯坦Kyrgyz Republic 比什凯克Bishkek 哈萨克斯坦Republic of Kazakhstan 阿斯塔纳Astana 乌兹别克期坦Republic of Uzbekistan 塔什干Tashkent 土库曼斯坦Republic of Turkmenistan 阿什哈巴德Ashgabat 伊朗Islamic Republic of Iran 德黑兰Tehran 伊拉克Republic of Iraq 巴格达Baghdad 科威特State of Kuwait 科威特城Kuwait 卡塔尔State of Qatarc 多哈Doha 阿拉伯联合酋长国United Arab Emirates 阿布扎比Abu Dhabi 巴林Kingdom of Bahrain 麦纳麦Manama 阿曼Sultanate of Oman 马斯喀特Muscat 也门Republic of Yemen 萨那Sanaa 沙特阿拉伯Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 利雅得Riyadh 约旦Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan 安曼Amman 巴勒斯坦State of Palestine 耶路撒冷Jerusalem 以色列State of Israel 耶路撒冷Jerusalem
各国英文全称
阿尔巴尼亚 Albania AL 阿尔巴尼亚共和国 Republic of Albania 阿尔及利亚 Algeria DZ 阿尔及利亚民主人民共和国 Democratic Peoples Republic of Algeria 阿富汗 Afghanistan AF 阿富汗伊斯兰国 Islamic State of Afghanistan 阿根廷 Argentina AR 阿根廷共和国 Republic of Argentina 阿联酋 United Arab Emirates AE 阿拉伯联合酋长国 United Arab Emirates 阿鲁巴 Aruba AW 阿鲁巴 Aruba 阿曼 Oman OM 阿曼苏丹国 Sultanate of Oman 阿塞拜疆 Azerbaijan AZ 阿塞拜疆共和国 Republic of Azerbaijan 埃及 Egypt EG 阿拉伯埃及共和国 Arab Republic of Egypt 埃塞俄比亚 Ethiopia ET 埃塞俄比亚联邦民主共和国 Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia 爱尔兰 Ireland IE 爱尔兰 Ireland 爱沙尼亚 Estonia EE 爱沙尼亚共和国 Republic of Estonia 安道尔 Andorra AD 安道尔公国 Principality of Andorra 安哥拉 Angola AO 安哥拉共和国 Republic of Angola 安圭拉 Anguilla AI 安圭拉 Anguilla 安提瓜和巴布达 Antigua and barbuda AG 安提瓜和巴布达 Antigua and barbuda 奥地利 Austria AT 奥地利共和国 Republic of Austria 澳大利亚 Australia AU 澳大利亚联邦 Commonwealth of Australia 澳门 Macau CN 中国澳门特别行政区 Macau, Special Administrative Region of China 巴巴多斯 Barbados BB 巴巴多斯 Barbados
各国国名中英文对照
1 阿富汗Afghanistan 26 德国Germany DE 2 阿尔巴尼亚Albania AL 27 迦纳Ghana CH 3 阿尔及利亚Algeria DZ 28 格雷西亚Grecia 4 阿根廷Argentina AR 29 希腊Greece GR 5 澳大利亚Australia AU 30 几内亚Guinea GN 6 奥地利Austria AT 31 圭亚那Guyana GY 7 比利时Belgium BE 32 海地Haiti HA 8 巴西Brazil BR 33 香港Hong Kong HK 9 文莱Brunei Darussalam BN 34 匈牙利Hungary HU 10 保加利亚Bulgaria BG 35 冰岛Iceland I S 11 柬埔寨Cambodia KH 36 印度India I N 12 喀麦隆Cameroon CM 37 印度尼西亚Indonesia I D 13 加拿大Canada CA 38 伊朗Iran IR 14 智利Chile CL 39 伊拉克Iraq IQ 15 哥伦比亚Colombia CO 40 爱尔兰Ireland IE 16 克罗地亚Croatia HR 41 以色列Israel I L 17 古巴Cuba 42 意大利Italy I T 18 捷克Czech (Rep) CZ 43 牙买加Jamaica JM 19 刚果(CG) Dem Rep of Congo或Congo(Rep) CD 44 日本Japan J P 20 丹麦Denmark DK 45 约丹Jordan JO 21 埃及Egypt EG 46 肯尼亚Kenya KE 22 埃塞俄比亚Ethiopia 47 韩国Korea (Rep) KP 23 斐济Fiji F J 48 科威特Kuwait KW 24 芬兰Finland F I 49 利比里亚Liberia 25 法国France FR 50 利比亚Libya 世界各国国名中英文对照世界各国国名中英文对照 序国名国名代序国名国名代 号(中文) (英文) 码号(中文) (英文) 码 51 卢森堡Luxembourg LU 76 罗马尼亚Romania RO 52 澳门Macao MO 77 俄罗斯Russian Federation RU 53 马达加斯加Madagascar MG 78 沙特阿拉伯Saudi Arabia SA 54 马来西亚Malaysia MY 79 塞内加尔Senegal SN 55 马尔代夫Maldives MV 80 新加坡Singapore SG 56 墨西哥Mexico MX 81 斯洛伐克Slovakia SK 57 摩尔多瓦Moldova MD 82 所罗门群岛Solomon Islands SB 58 摩纳哥Monaco 83 索马里Somalia 59 蒙古Mongolia MN 84 南非South Africa ZA 60 摩洛哥Morocco/Maroc MA 85 西班牙Spain ES 61 缅甸Myanmar MM 86 斯里兰卡Sri Lanka LK 62 瑙鲁Nauru NR 87 苏丹Sudan SD 63 尼泊尔Nepal NP 88 瑞典Sweden SE 64 荷兰Netherlands NL 89 瑞士Switzerland CH
世界各国英文名称
世界七大洲及各个国家的英文名字 世界各国及首府中英文对照－亚洲 国家country 首都(capital) 阿富汗Afghanistan 喀布尔Kabul 孟加拉国Bangladesh 达卡Dhaka 不丹Bhutan 廷布Thimphu 缅甸Burma 仰光Rangoon 柬埔寨Cambodia 金边Phnom Penh 中国China 北京Beijing/香港Hong Kong/台湾Taiwan/澳门Macau 印度India 新德里New Delhi 印度尼西亚Indonesia 雅加达Jakarta 日本Japan 东京Tokyo 老挝Laos 万象Vientiane 马来西亚Malaysia 吉隆坡Kuala Lumpur 马尔代夫Maldives 马累Male (Maale) 蒙古Mongolia 乌兰巴托Ulaanbaatar 尼泊尔Nepal 加德满都Kathmandu 朝鲜North Korea 平壤P'yongyang 巴基斯坦Pakistan 伊斯兰堡Islamabad 菲律宾共和国Philippines 马尼拉Manila 新加坡Singapore 新加坡Singapore 韩国South Korea 首尔Seoul 斯里兰卡Sri Lanka 科伦坡Colombo 泰国Thailand 曼谷
土耳其Turkey 安卡拉Ankara 越南Vietnam 河内Hanoi 文莱斯里巴加湾市 巴勒斯坦Palestine 无 锡金Sikkim 甘托克 世界各国及首府中英文对照－欧洲 国家(coutry) 首都名称(capital) 阿尔巴尼亚Albania 地拉那Tirana 奥地利Austria 维也纳Vienna 比利时Belgium 布鲁塞尔Brussels 保加利亚Bulgaria 索非亚Sofia 克罗地亚Croatia 萨格勒布Zagreb 塞浦路斯Cyprus 尼克西亚Nicosia 丹麦Denmark 哥本哈根Copenhagen 芬兰Finland 赫尔辛基Helsinki 法国France 巴黎Paris 德国Germany 柏林Berlin 希腊Greece 雅典Athens 匈牙利Hungary 布达佩斯Budapest 冰岛Iceland 雷克亚未克Reykjavik 爱尔兰Ireland 都柏林Dublin 意大利Italy 罗马Rome 列支敦士登Liechtenstein 瓦杜兹Vaduz 卢森堡Luxembourg 卢森堡Luxembourg
中西方传统节日地英文详细介绍
中西方传统节日的英文详细介绍 阳历节日： 1月1日元旦（New Year's Day) 2月2日世界湿地日(World Wetlands Day) 2月14日情人节(Valentine's Day) 3月8日国际妇女节(International Women' Day) 3月12日中国植树节(China Arbor Day) 3月14日白色情人节(White Day) 3月14日国际警察日(International Policemen' Day) 3月15日世界消费者权益日(World Consumer Right Day） 3月21日世界森林日（World Forest Day) 3月21日世界睡眠日(World Sleep Day) 3月22日世界水日(World Water Day) 3月23日世界气象日(World Meteorological Day) 3月24日世界防治结核病日(World Tuberculosis Day) 4月1日愚人节(April Fools' Day) 4月5日清明节（Tomb-sweeping Day) 4月7日世界卫生日(World Health Day） 4月22日世界地球日(World Earth Day) 4月26日世界知识产权日(World Intellectual Property Day) 5月1日国际劳动节(International Labour Day) 5月4日中国青年节（Chinese Youth Day) 5月8日世界红十字日(World Red-Cross Day) 5月12日国际护士节(International Nurse Day) 5月15日国际家庭日(International Family Day) 5月17日世界电信日(World Telecommunications Day 5月31日世界无烟日(World No-Smoking Day) 6月1日国际儿童节(International Children's Day) 6月5日世界环境日(International Environment Day) 6月17日世界防治荒漠化和干旱日(World Day to combat desertification) 6月23日国际奥林匹克日(International Olympic Day) 6月26日国际禁毒日(International Day Against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking) 7月1日中国建党日(Anniversary of the Founding of the Chinese Communist Party) 7月1日国际建筑日（International Architecture Day 7月11日世界人口日(World Population Day) 8月1日中国人民解放军建军节(Army Day) 8月12日国际青年节(International Youth Day) 9月8日国际扫盲日(International Anti-illiteracy Day) 9月10日中国教师节(Teacher's Day) 9月16日国际臭氧层保护日(International Day for the Preservation of the Ozone Layer)
冰岛英文版详细旅游简介
Fancy Iceland When Miss Wang told us to prepare a presentation,a place suddenly came up with my mind,that is the purest modern country in the whole world-Iceland. There is a strange phenomenon in Iceland,ice gets along with fire very well,they are existing in the same place at the same time.As we all know,Iceland is close to north pole,nearly one eighth of the country is covered with glacier,but it has 200~300 volcanos,owe to that it has 250 hot springs,the amount of hot springs is the most in the world.Sometimes I was wondering that my left hand hold a cup of Haagen-Dazs,right hand take a cigar then enjoy the hot spring and appreciate the charming natural glacier,how wonderful it is! Although Iceland near by north pole,the temperature is not so cold,even in the winter Iceland is warmer than Changchun.The best time to travel it is from June to September,because during that period of time,if you are so lucky,you could see the polar day,a fantastic natural sight.Maybe one day you will forget the day that the girl or boy you really loved said I love you to you,but you will never forget the day that you experienced polar day. Of course,we can’t just enjoy hot spring and beautiful sight,we have to eat,right?Fish is the native people’s favorite food,all kinds of fish are delicious,especially codfish,its fresh and tender beyond any word.When you taste it a little bit,the meat will melt in your mouth and to your stomach finally into your heart.Fishery is the most important part among its GDP,the export volume of fishery takes over the 5% in the world fishery exports,but crops such as grain vegetables and fruits,it must depend on importing from other countries,because of its climate and geographical environment.
(完整版)国家名称中英文对照
阿尔巴尼亚Albania 阿尔及利亚Algeria 阿富汗Afghanistan 阿根廷Argentina 阿闻酋United Arab Emirates 阿鲁巴Aruba 阿曼Oman 阿塞拜疆Azerbaijan 埃及Egypt 埃塞俄比亚Ethiopia 爱尔兰Ireland 爱沙尼亚Estonia 安道尔Andorra 安哥拉Angola 安圭拉Anguilla 安提瓜和巴布达Antigua and Barbuda 奥地利Austria 澳大利亚Australia 澳门Macau 巴巴多斯Barbados 巴布亚新几内亚Papua New Guinea 巴哈马Bahamas 巴基斯坦Pakistan 巴拉圭Paraguay 巴勒斯坦Palestine 巴林Bahrain 巴拿马Panama 巴西Brazil 白俄罗斯Belarus 百慕大Bermuda 保加利亚Bulgaria 北马里亚纳Northern Marianas 贝劳Palau 贝宁Benin 比利时Belgium 冰岛Iceland 波多黎各Puerto Rico 波兰Poland 玻利维亚Bolivia 波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那Bosnia and Herzegovina 博茨瓦纳Botswana 伯利兹Belize 不丹Bhutan 布基纳法索Burkina Faso
布隆迪Burundi 布维岛Bouvet Island 朝鲜Korea,Democratic People's Republic of 赤道几内亚Equatorial Guinea 丹麦Denmark 德国Germany 东帝汶East Timor 多哥Togo 多米尼加共和国Dominican Republic 多米尼克Dominica 俄罗斯Russia 厄瓜多尔Ecuador 厄立特里亚Eritrea 法国France 法罗群岛Faroe Islands 法属波利尼西亚French Polynesia 法属圭亚那French Guiana 法属南部领土French Southern Territo-ries 梵蒂冈Vatican 菲律宾Philippines 斐济Fiji 芬兰Finland 佛得角Cape Verde 冈比亚Gambia 刚果Congo 哥伦比亚Colombia 哥斯达黎加Costa Rica 格林纳达Grenada 格陵兰Greenland 格鲁吉亚Georgia 古巴Cuba 瓜德罗普Guadeloupe 关岛Guam 圭亚那Guyana 哈萨克斯坦Kazakhstan 海地Haiti 韩国Korea,Republic of 荷兰Netherlands 荷属安的列斯Netherlands Antilles 赫德岛和麦克唐纳岛Heard islands and Mc Donald Islands 洪都拉斯Honduras 基里巴斯Kiribati 吉布提Djibouti 吉尔吉斯斯坦Kyrgyzstan
英语国家概况 谢福之 复习资料
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Chapter 1 Geography, People and Language 全名: the United Kingdom of Great Britain（大不列颠联合王国）and Northern Ireland （北爱尔兰）. 由成千上万的小岛组成（the British Isles）. 两大岛屿：Great Britain（大不列颠）and Ireland（爱尔兰） The River Thames(second longest and most important), originates（起源于）in southwestern England -----North Sea. Scotland ( Edinburgh爱丁堡) important river:Clyde River kilts（苏克兰小短裙）Wales( Cardiff加迪夫，著名港口). The Severn River is the longest river of Britain------flow through western England. Northern Ireland(Belfast贝尔法斯特，首府) Lough Neagh----the largest lake in the British Isles. Climate: temperate, with warm summers, cool winters and plentiful precipitation(降雨量)，冬暖夏凉，降雨充沛 Three major features: winter fog, rainy day, instability 冬天多雾，常年多雨，天气不定London---Buckingham Palace（白金汉宫）, Guildhall (市政厅), St. Paul’s Cathedral（圣保罗大教堂）, The Tower Bridge of London（伦敦塔桥） The majority of the population is descendants of the Anglo-Saxons, a Germanic people from Europe.大部分的人口是盎格鲁-撒克逊人的后裔，从欧洲来的日耳曼人Most people in Wales and Scotland are descendants of the Celtic people, including the Irish people威尔士和苏格兰的大多数人都是凯尔特人的后裔，包括爱尔兰人 English belongs to the Indo-European family of languages. English is in the Germanic group.英语属于日耳曼语语系 Germanic group: East Germanic, North Germanic, West Germanic. English evolved from the West Germanic group.日耳曼语系：东日耳曼语，北日耳曼语，西日耳曼语。英语从西日耳曼语中发展。 1、Old English: was influenced by Old Norse spoken by the Vikings and was related to the German and Dutch languages.受古代维京人所说的古斯坎德纳威亚语影像并和德语法语密切相关.was ended with the Norman Conquest, when the language was influence by the French-speaking Normans.古英语时代结束于说法语的诺曼人的征服 2、Middle English: William the Conqueror invaded and conquered and the Anglo-Saxons (Numerous French words came into the English vocabulary)征服者威廉入侵并征服和盎格鲁-撒克逊人（大量的法语词汇进入英语词汇） 3、Modern English(15 century): William Caxton brought standardization to English, and spelling and grammar became fixed. The first dictionary published in 1604. Samuel Johnson: A Dictionary of the English Language was influential in a standard form of spelling.卡克斯顿威廉带来了标准化的英语，并成为固定的拼写和语法。第一本字典发表于1604。约翰逊塞缪尔：一本英文字典是有影响的一种标准形式的拼写。 Standard English is based on the speech of the upper class of southeastern England. It is also
世界各大洲国家中英文名称列表
七大洲： 亚洲: Asia 欧洲：Europe 非洲：Africa 拉丁美洲：Latin America/South America 北美洲：North America 大洋洲：Oceania 南极洲：Antarctica 世界各洲国家名称中英文对照列表 亚洲（48个国家） 东亚(5个国家) 1 China 中国 2 Japan 日本 3 Korea-North 北朝鲜 4 Korea-South 南朝鲜 5 Mongolia 蒙古 东南亚(11个国家) 1 Philippines 菲律宾 2 Cambodia 柬埔寨 3 Lao People's Republic 老挝人民共和国 4 Malaysia 马来西亚 5 Myanmar 缅甸 6 Thailand 泰国 7 Brunei Darussalam 文莱达鲁萨兰国 8 Vietnam 越南 9 East Timor 东帝汶 10 Singapore 新加坡 11 Indonesia 印度尼西亚 南亚(7个国家) 1 Pakistan 巴基斯坦 2 Bhutan 不丹 3 Maldives 马尔代夫 4 Bangladesh 孟加拉国 5 Nepal 尼泊尔 6 Sri Lanka 斯里兰卡 7 India 印度 中亚(5个国家) 1 Kazakhstan 哈萨克斯坦 2 Kyrgyzstan 吉尔吉斯斯坦 3 Tajikistan 塔吉克斯坦 4 Republic of Uzbekistan 乌兹别克斯坦 5 Turkmenistan 土库曼斯坦 西亚（20个国家）
1 Afghanistan 阿富汗 2 Lebanon 黎巴嫩 3 Syrian Arab Republic 叙利亚 4 Iraq 伊拉克 5 Iran 伊朗 6 Jordan 约旦 7 United Arab Emirates 阿联酋 8 Bahrain 巴林 9 Qatar 卡塔尔 10 Kuwait 科威特 11 Saudi Arabia 沙特阿拉伯 12 Israel 以色列 13 Palestine 巴勒斯坦 14 Oman 阿曼 15 Azerbaijan 阿塞拜疆 16 Georgia 格鲁吉亚 17 Cyprus 塞浦路斯 18 Turkey 土耳其 19 Armenia 亚美尼亚 20 Yemen 也门 欧洲（44个国家/1个地区） 北欧（6个国家） 1 Iceland 冰岛 2 Denmark 丹麦 3 Faroe Islands 法罗群岛 4 Finland 芬兰 5 Norway 挪威 6 Sweden 瑞典 东欧（7个国家） 1 Estonia 爱沙尼亚 2 Belarus 白俄罗斯 3 Russian Federation 俄罗斯联邦 4 Latvia 拉脱维亚 5 Lithuania 立陶宛 6 Moldova 摩尔多瓦 7 Ukrainian SSR 乌克兰 中欧（8个国家） 1 Austria 奥地利 2 Poland 波兰 3 Germany 德国 4 Czech Republic 捷克共和国 5 Liechtenstein 列支敦士登 6 Switzerland 瑞士 7 Slovakia 斯洛伐克 8 Hungary 匈牙利 西欧（7个国家） 1 Ireland 爱尔兰共和国 2 Belgium 比利时
中西方传统节日的英文详细介绍
中西方传统节日的英文详 细介绍 Prepared on 21 November 2021
中西方传统节日的英文详细介绍 阳历节日： 1月1日元旦（NewYear'sDay) 2月2日世界湿地日(WorldWetlandsDay) 2月14日情人节(Valentine'sDay) 3月8日国际妇女节(InternationalWomen'Day) 3月12日中国植树节(ChinaArborDay) 3月14日白色情人节(WhiteDay) 3月14日国际警察日(InternationalPolicemen'Day) 3月15日世界消费者权益日(WorldConsumerRightDay） 3月21日世界森林日（WorldForestDay) 3月21日世界睡眠日(WorldSleepDay) 3月22日世界水日(WorldWaterDay) 3月23日世界气象日(WorldMeteorologicalDay) 3月24日世界防治结核病日(WorldTuberculosisDay) 4月1日愚人节(AprilFools'Day) 4月5日清明节（Tomb-sweepingDay) 4月7日世界卫生日(WorldHealthDay） 4月22日世界地球日(WorldEarthDay) 4月26日世界知识产权日(WorldIntellectualPropertyDay) 5月1日国际劳动节(InternationalLabourDay) 5月4日中国青年节（ChineseYouthDay) 5月8日世界红十字日(WorldRed-CrossDay) 5月12日国际护士节(InternationalNurseDay) 5月15日国际家庭日(InternationalFamilyDay) 5月17日世界电信日(WorldTelecommunicationsDay 5月31日世界无烟日(WorldNo-SmokingDay) 6月1日国际儿童节(InternationalChildren'sDay) 6月5日世界环境日(InternationalEnvironmentDay) 6月17日世界防治荒漠化和干旱日(WorldDaytocombatdesertification) 6月23日国际奥林匹克日(InternationalOlympicDay) 6月26日国际禁毒日(InternationalDayAgainstDrugAbuseandIllicitTrafficking) 7月1日中国建党日(AnniversaryoftheFoundingoftheChineseCommunistParty) 7月1日国际建筑日（InternationalArchitectureDay 7月11日世界人口日(WorldPopulationDay) 8月1日中国人民解放军建军节(ArmyDay) 8月12日国际青年节(InternationalYouthDay) 9月8日国际扫盲日(InternationalAnti-illiteracyDay)
世界各国英文名称大全
亚洲Asia（48个国家） 东亚：中国China、蒙古Mongolia、朝鲜Korea、韩国South Korea、日本Japan（5） 东南亚：菲律宾Philippines、越南Vietnam、老挝Laos、柬埔寨Cambodia、缅甸Myanmar、泰国Thailand、马来西亚Malaysia、文莱Brunei Darussalam、新加坡Singapore、印度尼西亚Indonesia、东帝汶east Timor（11） 南亚：尼泊尔Nepal、不丹Bhutan、孟加拉国Bengal、印度India、巴基斯坦Pakistan、斯里兰卡Sri Lanka、马尔代夫Maldives（7） 中亚：哈萨克斯坦Kazakhstan、吉尔吉斯斯坦Kyrgyzstan、塔吉克斯坦Tajikistan、乌兹别克斯坦Uzbekistan、土库曼斯坦Turkmenistan （5） 西亚：阿富汗Afghanistan、伊拉克Iraq、伊朗Iran、叙利亚Syria、约旦Jordan、黎巴嫩Lebanon、以色列Israel、巴勒斯坦Palestine、沙特阿拉伯Saudi Arabia、巴林Bahrain、卡塔尔Qatar、科威特Kuwait、阿拉伯联合酋长国（阿联酋）United Arab Emirates、阿曼Oman、也门Yemen、格鲁吉亚Georgia、亚美尼亚Armenia、阿塞
拜疆Azerbaijan、土耳其Turkey、塞浦路斯Cyprus（20） 注：锡金Sikkim现已并入印度成为其一个邦，所以这里不出现，详细请看： 欧洲Europe（43个国家/1个地区） 北欧：芬兰Finland、瑞典Sweden、挪威Norway、冰岛Iceland、丹麦Danmark 法罗群岛Faroe Islands（丹）（6） 东欧：爱沙尼亚Estonia、拉脱维亚Latvia、立陶宛Lithuania、白俄罗斯Belarus、俄罗斯Russia、乌克兰Ukraine、摩尔多瓦Moldova （7） 中欧：波兰Poland、捷克Czech、斯洛伐克Slovakia、匈牙利Hungary、德国Germany、奥地利Austria、瑞士Switzerland、列支敦士登Liechtenstein(LIE)（8） 西欧：英国Britain、爱尔兰Ireland、荷兰Holand、比利时Belgium、卢森堡Luxemburg、法国France、摩纳哥Monaco（7）
各国英文表示 countries
1. Afghanistan [?f'ɡ?nist?n] [AFG; AF] 喀布尔（Kabul ['k?:bl; k?'bu:l]） the Islamic State of Afghanistan 阿富汗伊斯兰国 3. Algeria [?l'd?i?ri?] [DZA; DZ] 阿尔及尔（Alger['?ld??]或Algiers[?l'd?i?z]) the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria阿尔及利亚人民民主共和国 4. Andorra [?n'd?r?] [AND; AD] 安道尔城（Andorra La Vella） the Principality of Andorra 安道尔公国 5. Angola[??'ɡ?ul?] [AGO; AO] 罗安达（Luanda [lu:'ɑ:nd?]） the Republic of Angola 安哥拉共和国 6. Antigua and Barbuda [?n'ti:ɡ?] [bɑ:`bu:d?] [ATG; AG] 圣约翰（Saint[seint,s?nt] John's）安提瓜和巴布达 7. Argentina [?ɑ:d??n'ti:n?] [ARG; AR] 布宜诺斯艾利斯（Buenos Aires ['bwen?s'ai?riz]）the Argentine ['ɑ:d??ntain] Republic 阿根廷共和国 9. Australia [?s'treilj?] [AUS; AU] 堪培拉（Canberra ['k?nb?r?]） The Commonwealth['k?m?nwelθ] of Australia澳大利亚 10. Austria ['?stri?] [AUT; A T] 维也纳（Vienna [vi'en?]） the Republic of Austria 奥地利共和国 14. Bangladesh [?bɑ:?ɡl?'de∫] [BGD; BI] 达卡（Dhaka [`d?k?]） the People's Republic of Bangladesh孟加拉人民共和国 16. Belarus [?bel?'ru:s] [BLR; BY] 明斯克（Minsk [minsk]） the Republic of Belarus 白俄罗斯共和国 17. Belgium ['beld??m] [BEL; BE] 布鲁塞尔（Brussels ['br?slz]） the Kingdom of Belgium 比利时王国 20. Bhutan [bu:'tɑ:n] [BTN; BT] 廷布（Thimphu [`θ?mfu:,-pu:,θ?m`pu:]） the Kingdom of Bhutan 不丹王国 21. Bolivia [b?'livi?] [BOL; BO] 拉巴斯（La Paz [lɑ:'p?z]） the Republic of Bolivia 玻利维亚共和国 24. Brazil [br?'zil] [BRA; BR] 巴西利亚（Brasilia [br?'zi:lj?]） the Federative Republic of Brazil巴西联邦共和国 25. Brunei Darussalam ['bru:nai] [BRN; BN] 斯里巴加湾市（Bandar Seri Begawan [b?n'dɑ: 'si?ri: b?'ɡɑ:w?n]）文莱达鲁萨兰国 26. Bulgaria [b?l'ɡε?ri?] [BGR; BG] 索非亚（Sofia ['s?ufj?]） the Republic of Bulgaria 保加利亚共和国 30. Cameroon ['k?m?ru:n] [CMR; CM] 雅温得（Yaounde [?jɑ:un'dei]） the Republic of Cameroon 喀麦隆共和国 31. Canada ['k?n?d?] [CAN; CA] 渥太华（Ottawa ['?t?w?]）加拿大 33. the Central African Republic [CAF; CF] 班吉（Bangui [bɑ:?'ɡi]）中非共和国 35. Chile ['t∫ili] [CHL; CL] 圣地亚哥（Santiago [s?nti'ɑ:ɡ?u]） the Republic of Chile 智利共和国 36. China ['t∫ain?] [CHN; CN] 北京（Beijing 或Peking[pi:'ki?,'pi:'ki?]） the People's Republic of China 中国；中华人民共和国 中国的；中国人 （另外：香港Hong Kong [`h??`k??] / 台湾Taiwan / 澳门Macau =Macao [m?'kau]）37. Colombia [k?'l?mbi?] [COL; CO] 波哥大（Bogota [b?ug?'ta]） the Republic of Colombia 哥伦比亚共和国
各个国家中英文介绍
1 非洲 Africa 撒哈拉沙漠 the Sahara Desert 苏伊士运河the Suez Canal 金字塔 pyramid 狮身人面像Sphinx 印度洋 Indian Ocean 大西洋Atlantic Ocean 地中海 the mediterranean sea 刚果河Congo River 尼罗河 the Nile
2 美洲 America 太平洋 Pacific Ocean 拉丁美洲 Latin America 格陵兰岛 Greenland 北冰洋 the Arctic Ocean 墨西哥湾 the Gulf of Mexico 加勒比海 Caribbean Sea 巴拿马运河 Panama Canal
3 亚洲 Asia 泰姬陵 Taj Mahal 珠穆朗玛峰 Mount Qomolangma 喜马拉雅山 the Himalayas 青藏高原 tibetan plateau 道教 Taoism 佛教 Buddhism 基督教 Christianity 伊斯兰教 Islam
4 欧洲 Europe 埃菲尔铁塔 Eiffel Tower 阿尔卑斯山 Alps 欧洲各国国名及首都对照表国名首都 Western Europe（7）： 法国 France巴黎 Paris 爱尔兰 Ireland都柏林 Dublin 荷兰 Netherlands阿姆斯特丹 Amsterdam 比利时 Belgium布鲁塞尔Brussels 卢森堡 Luxembourg卢森堡 Luxembourg 英国 United Kingdom伦敦 London 摩纳哥 Monaco摩纳哥 Monaco-ville Central Europe（9）： 波兰 Poland华沙 Warsaw 瑞士 Switzerland伯尔尼 Bern 列支敦士登 Liechtenstein瓦杜兹 Vaduz 奥地利 Austria维也纳 Vienna 匈牙利 Hungary布达佩斯 Budapest 捷克 Czech布拉格 Prague 斯洛伐克 Slovakia布拉提斯拉发 Bratislava 德国 Germany 柏林 Berlin 斯洛文尼亚 Slovenia卢布尔雅那 Ljubljana Southern Europe（17）： 葡萄牙 Portugal里斯本 Lisbon 西班牙 Spain马德里 Madrid 安道尔 Andorra安道尔 Andorra la Vella 希腊Greece雅典 Athens