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2016年6月英语六级真题和详细答案(第二套)

2016年6月英语六级真题和详细答案(第二套)
2016年6月英语六级真题和详细答案(第二套)

2016年6月英语六级真题第二套

Part I Writing (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part,you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on living in the virtual world. Try to imagine what will happen when people spend more and more time inthe virtual world instead of interacting in the real world. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.

The robotics revolution is set to bring humans face to face with an old fear-man-made creations as smart and capable as we are without a moral compass. As robots take on ever more complex roles, the question naturally_____(27). Who will be responsible when they do something wrong? Manufacturers? Users? Software writers? The answer depends on the robot. Robots already save us time, money and energy. In the future, they will improve our health care, social welfare and standard of living. The _____(28)of computational power and engineering advances will _____(29)enable lower-cost in-home care for the disabled,_____(30)use of driverless cars that

may reduce drunk and distracted-driving accidents and countless home and service-industry uses from street cleaning to food preparation.

But there are _____(31)to be problems. Robot cars will crash. A drone (遥控飞行器)operator will _____(32)someone's privacy. A robotic lawn mower(割草机)will run over a neighbor's cat. Juries sympathetic to the _____(33)of machines will punish entrepreneurs with company-crushing _____(34)and damages What should government do to protect people while _____(35), space for innovation?

Big. complicated systems on which much public safety depends, like driverless cars, should be built _____(36)and sold by manufacturers who take responsibility for ensuring safety and are liable for accidents. Governments should set safety requirements and then let insurers price the risk of the robots based on the manufacturer's driving record. not the passenger's.

A.arises

B.ascends

C.bound

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/a211748885.html,bination

E.definite

F.eventually

G.interfere

H.invade

I.manifesting

J.penalties

K.preserving

L.programmed

M.proximately

N.victims

O.widespread

Section B

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

Reform and Medical Costs

[A]American are deeply concerned about the relentless rise in health care costs and health insurance premiums. They need to know if reform will help solve the problem. The answer is that no once has an easy fix rising medical costs. The fundamental fix—reshaping how care is delivered and how doctors are paid in a wasteful, abnormal system—is likely to be a achieved only through trial and incremental(渐进的)gains.

[B]The good news is that a bill just approved by the House and a bill approved

by the Senate Finance Committee would implement or test many reforms that should help slow the rise in medical costs over the long term. As report in The New England Journal of Medicine concluded. "Pretty much every proposed innovation found in the health policy Iiterature these days is contained in these measures."

[C]Medical spending, which typically rises faster than wages and the overall economy, is propelled by two things: the high prices charged for medical services in this country and the volume of unnecessary care delivered by doctors and hospitals, which often perform a lot more tests and treatments than patient really needs.

[D]Here are some of the important proposals in the House and Senate bills to try to address those problem, and why it is hard to know how well they will work.

[E]Both bills would reduce the rate of growth in annual Medicare payments to hospital, nursing homes and other providers by amounts comparable to the productivity savings routinely made in other industries with the help of new technologies and new ways to organize work. This proposal could save Medicare more than $100 billion over the next decade. If private plans demanded similar productivity savings from providers, and refused to let providers shift additional costs to them, the savings could be much larger. Critics say Congress will give in to lobbyists and let inefficient provider off the hook(放过). That is far less likely to happen if Congress also adopts strong

"pay-go" rules requiring that any increase in payments to providers be offset by new taxes or budge cuts.

[F]The Senate Finance bill would impose an excise tax(消费税)on health insurance plans that cost more than $8,000 for an individual or $21,000 for a family. It would most likely cause Insures to redesign plans to fall beneath the threshould. Enrollees would have to pay more money for many services out of their own pockets, and that would encourage them to think twice about whether an expensive or redundant test was worth it. Economists project that most employers would shift money from expensive health benefits into wages, The House bill has no similar tax. The final legislation should.

[G]Any doctor who has wrestled with multiple forms from different insurers, or patients who have tried to understand their own parade of statements, know that simplification ought to save money. When the health insurance industry was still cooperating in reform efforts, its trade group offered to provide standardized forms for automated processing. It estimated that step would save hundreds of billions of dollars over the next decade. The bills would lock that pledge into law.

[H]The stimulus package provided money to convert the inefficient, paper-driven medical system to electronic records that can be easily viewed and transmitted .This requires open investments to help doctors convert. In time it should help restrain costs by eliminating redundant test, preventing drug inter actions, and helping doctors find the best treatments.

[I]Virtually all experts agree that the fee-for-service system—doctors are rewarded for that the cost of care is so high. Most agree that the solution is to push doctors to accept fixed payments to care for a particular illness or for a patient's needs over a year. No one knows how to make that happen quickly. The bills in both houses would start pilot projects within Medicare. They include such measures as accountable care organizations to take charge of a patient's needs with an eye on both cost and quality, and chronic disease management to make sure the seriously ill, who are responsible for the bulk of all health care costs, are treated properly. For the most part, these experiments rely on incentive payments to get doctors to try them.

[J]Testing innovations do no good unless the good experiments are identified and expanded and the bad ones arc dropped. The Senate bill would create an independent commission to monitor the pilot programs and recommend changes in Medicare's payment policies to urge providers to adopt reforms that work. The changes would have to be approved or rejected as a whole by Congress, making it hard for narrow-interest lobbies to bend lawmakers to their will.

[K]The bills in both chambers would create health insurance exchanges on which small businesses and individuals could choose from an array of private plans and possibly a public option. All the plans would have to provide standard benefit packages that would be easy to compare. To get access to millions of new customers, insures would have a strong incentive to sell on the

exchange. And the head-to-head competition might give them a strong incentive to lower their prices, perhaps by accepting slimmer profit margins or demanding better deals from providers.

[L]The final legislation might throw a public plan into the competition, but thanks to the fierce opposition of the insurance industry and Republican critics, it might not save much money. The one in the House bill would have to negotiate rates with providers, rather than using Medicare rates, as many reformers wanted.

[M]The president's stimulus package is pumping money into research to compare how well various treatments work. Is surgery, radiation or careful monitoring best for prostate(前列腺)cancer? Is the latest and most expensive cholesterol-lowering drug any better than its common competitors? The pending bills would spend additional money to accelerate this effort.

[N]Critics have charged that this sensible idea would lead to rationing of care. (That would be true only if you believe that patients should have an unrestrained right to treatments proven to be inferior.) As a result, the bills do not requires, as they should, that the results of these studies be used to set payment rates in Medicare.

[O]Congress needs to find the courage to allow Medicare to pay preferentially for treatments proven to be superior. Sometimes the best treatment might be the most expensive. But overall, we suspect that spending would come down through elimination of a lot of unnecessary or even dangerous tests and

treatments.

[P]The House bill would authorize the secretary of health and human services to negotiate drug prices in Medicare and Medicaid. Some authoritative analysts doubt that the secretary would get better deals than private insurers already get. We believe negotiation could work. It does in other countries. [Q] Missing from these bills is any serious attempt to rein in malpractice costs. Malpractice awards do drive up insurance premiums for doctors in high-risk specialties, and there is some evidence doctors engage in "defensive medicine" by performing tests and treatments primarily to prove they are not negligent should they get sued.

36.With a tax imposed on expensive health insurance plans, most employers will likely transfer money from health expenses into wages.

37.Changes in policy would be approved or rejected as a whole so that lobbyists would find it hard to influence lawmakers.'

38.It is not easy to curb the rising medical costs in America.

49.Standardization of forms for automatic processing will save a lot of medical

40.Republicans and insurance industry are strongly opposed to the creation of

a public insurance plan.

41.Conversion of paper to electronic medical records will help eliminate redundant tests and prevent drug interactions.

42.The high cost of medical services and unnecessary tests and treatments

have driven up medical expenses.

43.One main factor that has driven up medical expenses is that doctors are compensated for the amount of care rather than its effect.

44.Contrary to analysts' doubts, the author believes drug prices may be lowered through negotiation.

45.Fair competition might create a strong incentive for insurers to charge less.

Section C

Passage One

Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage.

Facing water shortages and escalating fertilizer costs, farmers in developing countries are using raw sewage(下水道污水)to irrigate and fertilize nearly 49 million acres of cropland, according to a new report-and it may not be a bed thing.

While the practice carries serious health risks for many, those dangers are outweighed by the social and economic gains for poor urban farmers and consumers who need affordable food.

"There is a large potential for wastewater agriculture to both help and hurt great numbers of urban consumers," said Liqa Raschid-Sally, who led the study.

The report focused on poor urban areas, where farms in or near cities supply relatively inexpensive food. Most of these operations draw irrigation water from

local rivers or lakes. Unlike developed cities, however, these areas lack advanced water-treatment facilities, and rivers effectively become sewers.(下水道)

When this water is used for agricultural irrigation, farmers risk absorbing disease-causing XX, as do consumers who eat the produce raw and unwashed. Nearly 2.2 million people die a year because of diarrhea-related(与腹泻相关的)diseases, according to WHO statistics. XXX than 80% of those cases can be attributed to contant with contaminated water and a lack of XXX anitation. But Pay Drechsel, an environmental scientist, argues that the social and economic benefits of using untreated human waste to grow food outweigh the health risks.

Those dangers can be addressed with farmer and consumer education, he said, while the free water and nutrients from human waste can help urban farmers in developing countries to escape poverty.

Agriculture is a water-intensive business, accounting for nearly 70% of global fresh water consumption.

In poor, dry regions, untreated wastewater is the only viable irrigation source to keep farmers in business. In some cases, water is so scarce that farmers break open sewage pipes transporting waste to local rivers.

Irrigation is the primary agricultural use of human waste in the developing world. But frequently untreated human waste is used on grain crops, which are eventually cooked, minimizing the risk of transmitting water-borne diseases.

With fertilizer prices jumping nearly 50% per metric ton over the last year in some places, human waste is an attractive, and often necessary, alternative. In cases where sewage mud is used, expensive chemical fertilizer us can be avoided. The mud contains the same critical nutrients.

"Overly strict standards often fail," James Bartram, a WHO water-health expert, said. "We need to accept that fact across much of the planet, so waste with little or no treatment will be used in agriculture for good reason."

46.What does the author say about the use of raw sewage for farming?

A.Its risks cannot be overestimated.

B.It should be forbidden altogether.

C.Its benefits outweigh the hazards involved.

D.It is polluting millions of acres of cropland.

47.What is the main problem caused by the use of wastewater for irrigation?

A.Rivers and lakes nearby will gradually become contaminated.

B.It will drive producers of chemical fertilizers out of business.

C.Farmers and consumers may be affected by harmful bacteria.

D.It will make the farm produce less competitive on the market.

48.What is environmental scientist Pay Drechsel's attitude towards the use of untreated human waste in agriculture?

A.Favorable.

B.Indifferent.

C.Skeptical.

D.Responsible.

49.What does Pay Dreschsel think of the risks involved in using untreated human waste for farming?

A.They have been somewhat exaggerated.

B.They can be dealt with through education.

C.They will be minimized with new technology.

D.They can be addressed by improved sanitation.

50.What do we learn about James Bartram's position on the use of human waste for farming?

A.He echoes Pay Drechsel's opinion on the issue.

B.He chaltenges Liqa Raschid-Sally's conclusion

C.He thinks it the only way out of the current food erisis.

D.He deems it indispensable for combating global poverty.

Passage Two

These days, nobody needs to cook. Families graze on high-cholesterol take-aways and microwaved ready-meals. Cooking is an occasional hobby and a vehicle for celebrity chefs. Which makes it odd that the kitchen has become the heart of the modern house, what the great hall was to the medieval castle, the kitchen is to the 21st-century home.

The money spent on kitchens has risen with their status. In America the

kitchen market is now worth $170 billion, five times the country's film industry. In the year to August 2007, IKEA, a Swedish furniture chain, sold over one million kitchens worldwide. The average budget for a "major" kitchen overhaul in 2006, calculates Remodeling magazing, was a staggering $54,000, even a "minor" improvement cost on average $18,000.

Exclusivity, more familiar in the world of high fashion, has reached the kitchen: Robinson&Cornish, a British manufacturer of custom-made kitchens, offers a Georgian-style one which would cost £145,000-155,000—excluding building, plumbing and electrical work. Its big selling point is that nobody else will have it :"You won't see this kitchen anywhere else in the word."

The elevation of the room that once belonged only to the servants for the modem family tells the story of a century of social change. Right into the early 20th century, kitchens were smoky, noisy places, generally located underground, or to the back of the house, as far from living space as possible. That was as it should be: kitchens were for servants, and the aspiring middle classes wanted nothing to do with them.

But as the working classes prospered and the servant shortage set in, housekeeping became a natter of interest to the educated classes. One of the pioneers of a radical new way of thinking about the kitchen was Catharine Esther Beecher, sister of Harriet Beecher Stowe. In American human's Home、published in 1869, the Beecher sisters recommended a scientific approach to use hold management, designed to enhance the efficiency of a woman's work

and promote order. Many contemporary ideas about kitchen design can be traced back to another American, Chris Frederick, who set about enhancing the efficiency of the housewife. Her 1919 work, House-Engineering: Scientific Management in the Home, was based on detailed observation of a wife's daily routine. She borrowed the Principle of efficiency on the factory floor and applied mestic tasks on the kitchen floor.

Frederick's central idea, that "stove,sink and kitchen table must be placed in such a relation that useless steps are avoided entirely". Inspired the first fully fitted kitchen, designed in the 1920s by Mangarete Schutter. Libotsky. It was a modernist triumph, and many elements remain central features of today's kitchen.

51.What does the author say about the kitchen of today?

A.It is where housewives display their cooking skills.

B.It is where the family entertains important guests.

C.It has become something odd in a modern house.

D.It is regarded as the center of a modern home.

52.Why does the Georgian-style kitchen sell at a very high price?

A.It is believed to have tremendous artistic value.

B.No duplicate is to be found in any other place.

C.It is manufactured by a famous British company.

D.No other manufacturer can produce anything like it.

53.What does the change in the status of the kitchen reflect?

A.Improved living conditions.

B.Technological progress.

C.Women's elevated status.

D.Social change.

54.What was the Beecher sisters' idea of a kichen?

A.A place where women could work more efficiently.

B.A place where high technology could be applied.

C.A place of interest to the educated people.

D.A place to experiment with new ideas.

55.What do we learn about today's kitchen?

A. It represents the rapid technological advance in people's daily life.

B.Many of its central features are no different from those of the 1920s.

C.It has been transformed beyond recognition.

D.Many of its functions have changed greatly.

Part IV Translation (30minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

深圳是中国广东省一座新开发的城市。在改革开放之前,深圳不过是一个渔村,仅有三万多人。20世纪80年代,中国政府创建了深圳经济特区,作为实施

社会主义市场经济的试验田。如今,深圳的人口已超过1,000万,整个城市发生了巨大的变化。到2014年,深圳的人均(per-capita)GDP已达25,000美元,相当于世界上一些发达国家的水平。就综合经济实力而言,深圳居于中国顶尖城市之列。由于其独特的地位,深圳也是国内外企业家创业的理想之地。

参考答案

参考范文:We have to admit that the impact of technology on society is unquestionable. Whether considering the TV or the computers, technology has had a hugeimpact on society. While not every advance has been beneficial,there have been many positive effects of technology. The internet is one typical example.

With the development of science and technology, the world is no longer what it used to be. But the ability of communication is a significant skill which should be cultivated if we want to survive and succeed in the world. But the way of communication with people has changed dramatically. Almost everyone today has a computer, and uses it to communicate with their friends, family, and even business. The virtual world communication has changed the way that people communicate.

Since communication between people in the real world is of utmost importance, lack of communication will lead to perish of human beings. Through communication in the real world, mutual understanding can be promoted and fostered between people, which cannot be replaced by the virtual communication.

选词填空答案

26. 正确选项A rises

27. 正确选项D combination

28. 正确选项F eventually

29. 正确选项O widespread

30. 正确选项C bound

31. 正确选项H invade

32. 正确选项N victims

33. 正确选项J penalties

34. 正确选项K preserving

35. 正确选项L programmed

段落匹配答案

Reform and Medical Costs

36. 正确选项F

37. 正确选项J

38. 正确选项A

39. 正确选项G

40. 正确选项L

41. 正确选项H

42. 正确选项C

43. 正确选项I

44. 正确选项P

45. 正确选项K

仔细阅读答案

46. 正确选项C It benefitsoutweigh the hazards involved

47. 正确选项C Farmers andconsumers may be affected by harmful bacteria.

48. 正确选项A Favorable

49. 正确选项B They can bedealt with through education.

50. 正确选项A He echoes PayDrechsel’s opinion on the issue.

51. 正确选项D It is regardedas the center of modern home.

52. 正确选项B No duplicateis to be found in any other place.

53. 正确选项D social change

54. 正确选项A A place wherewomen could work more efficiently.

55. 正确选项B Many of itscentral features are no different from those of the 1920s.

参考译文:Shenzhen is a newly-developed city in Guangdong province,China Before the implementation of reform and opening-up policy,it was but a fishing village only with a population of over 30 thousand In the 1980s,Chinese government established Shenzhen Special Economic Zone as the experimental plot for the implementation of socialist market

economy.Currently,the population of Shenzhen has exceeded 10 million and the whole city has undergone tremendous changes.

By 2014,the per-capita GDP of Shenzhen has reached 25 thousand dollars,equivalent to that of some developed countries in the world.As far as its overall economic power is concerned,Shenzhen is listed among the top cities in China.Due to its unique status,it is also an ideal place for the entrepreneurs at home and abroad to start their businesses.

另:第三套作文和翻译真题

作文真题:Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on E-learning, try to imagine what will happen when more and more people study on-line instead of going to school. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

参考范文:Currently, an increasing number of people begin to use

Internet to take courses and acquire knowledge.Online learning is booming all around the world. It is providing many options with learners in terms of time, locations, subjects and costs.

Online learning greatly promoteslearners’studying efficiency and teachers’productivity.As a result, updated knowledge will reach those students in is olatedareas at a higher speed, which can make many of them keep pace with the time. Additionally, students can decide their learning location and time much more freely. Notably, because transportation and accommodation will not trouble E-learners, learning cost will be largely lowered. These advantages might decrease the number of people who routinelyat tend school learning.

From my point of view, personal interaction between teachers and students in schools is irreplaceable. It is a good idea that we combine E-learning and attending school together. Learning is not a simple multiple choice question but an important issue that needs your trying and involvement.

翻译真题:旗袍(qipao)是一种雅致的中国服装,源于中国的满族(Manchu Nationality)。在清代,旗袍是王室女性穿着的宽松长袍。上世纪20年代,受西方服饰的影响,旗袍发生了一些变化。袖口(cuffs)变窄,袍身变短。这些变化使女性美得以充分展现。如今,旗袍经常出现在世界级的时装秀上。中国女性出

2016年6月英语六级真题及答案解析

2016年6月大英语六级考试真题及答案解析 Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on living in the virtual world. Try to imagine what will happen when people spend more and more time in the virtual world instead of interacting in the real world. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 1. A)Project organizer B)Public relations officer. C)Marketing manager. D)Market research consultant. 2.A)Quantitative advertising research. B)Questionnaire design. C)Research methodology. D)Interviewer training. 3.A)They are intensive studies of people’s spending habits. B)They examine relations between producers and customers. C)They look for new and effective ways to promote products. D)They study trends or customer satisfaction over a long period. 4.A)The lack of promotion opportunity. B)Checking charts and tables. C)Designing questionnaires. D)The persistent intensity. Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 5.A)His view on Canadian universities. B)His understanding of higher education. C)His suggestions for improvements in higher education. D)His complaint about bureaucracy in American universities. 6.A)It is well designed. B)It is rather inflexible.

2016年6月英语六级真题(全三套+详细答案)

2016年6月英语六级真题第一套 Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the use of robots. Try to imagine what will happen when more and more robots take the place of human beings in industry as well as people's daily lives. You are requried to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section A Directions:In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 1. A)Project organizer B)Public relations officer. C)Marketing manager. D)Market research consultant. 2.A)Quantitative advertising research. B)Questionnaire design. C)Research methodology. D)Interviewer training. 3.A)They are intensive studies of people’s spending habits. B)They examine relations between producers and customers. C)They look for new and effective ways to promote products. D)They study trends or customer satisfaction over a long period.

2016年6月大学英语六级第二套听力真题及答案

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2016年6月大学英语六级考试真题及答案详解(第一套)

2016年6月英语六级考试真题试卷附答案和解析(第1套) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the use of robots. Try to imagine what will happen when more and more robots take the place of human beings in industry as well as people's daily lives. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer. from the four choices marked A), B),C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 注意:此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。 Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 1. A) Project organizer. B) Public relations officer. C) Marketing manager. D) Market research consultant. 2. A) Quantitative advertising research. B) Questionnaire design. C) Research methodology. D) Interviewer training. 3. A) They are intensive studies of people's spending habits. B) They examine relations between producers and customers. C) They look for new and effective ways to promote products. D) They study trends or customer satisfaction over a long period. 4. A) The lack of promotion opportunity. B) Checking charts and tables. C) Designing questionnaires. D) The persistent intensity. Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 5. A) His view on Canadian universities. B) His understanding of higher education. C) His suggestions for improvements in higher education. D) His complaint about bureaucracy in American universities. 6. A) It is well designed. B) It is rather inflexible. C) It varies among universities.

2016年6月英语六级考试真题试卷附答案和解析第三套

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2016年6月英语六级真题及答案

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