高考英语现在完成时基础练习题

高考英语现在完成时基础练习题

一、单项选择现在完成时

1．Over the past 12 months the company ______ a 10 percent improvement.

A．managed B．manages

C．had managed D．has managed

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态。句意：在过去的12个月里，该公司取得了10%的进步。表示“过去的动作或状态对现在造成的影响和结果”，用现在完成时，故选D。

2．By now 516 Confucius Institutes ______in 142 countries and regions, according to the Confucius Institute Headquarters.

A．founded B．would found

C．have been founded D．had been founded

【答案】C

【解析】

考查时态和语态。句意：根据孔子学院总部的统计，到现在为止，全世界142个国家和地区已经建立了516个孔子学院。主语516 Confucius Institutes和found之间是被动关系，该句应用被动语态。且by now做时间状语，谓语动词应用现在完成时态。综上，该空应填have been founded。C选项正确。

3．This is the first time the students ______ to Hyde Park.

A．have been visited B．have visited

C．have gone D．are being gone

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态。句意：这是学生们第一次去海德公园。在this/it is the first time +从句的结构中，从句用现在完成时，故C项正确。由于visit是及物动词，其后直接接宾语，故排除B。

【点睛】

在this/it is the first time +从句（第一次做某事）的结构中，从句用现在完成时，注意如果是was的话，从句需要用过去完成时。

4．I took notes during the meeting, but I a chance to write them into a report so far. A．didn’t hav e B．haven’t had

C．hadn’t had D．won’t have

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态。句意：会议期间我做了笔记，但到目前为止我还没有机会把它们写进报告里。根据句中时间状语so far可知，此处应使用现在完成时。故B选项正确。

【点睛】

现在完成时的部分常见标志词（组）in the past few days/weeks/months/years；(up to)these few days/weeks/months/years；up to present/now；so far；till now及句型：It is the 序数词+time that…谓语动词使用现在完成时。

5．In the last few years, China ________ great achievements in environmental protection. A．was making B．made

C．had made D．has made

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态。句意：在过去几年里，中国已经在环境保护方面取得了很大的成就。时间状语“In the last few years”表明应该使用现在完成时，故D项正确。

6．—What a stupid mistake!

—Yes. I ______ you doing it carefully, but without success.

A．was suggesting B．will suggest

C．have suggested D．had suggested

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态。句意：——这是一个多么愚蠢的错误啊！——是的，我建议过你要认真，但是你听不进去。根据“What a stupid mistake!”判断此处强调过去的事情对现在的影响，应该用现在完成时，故C项正确。

7．The Chinese women’s volleyball team won the gold medal at the Rio Olympics, which is the third time the team Olympic gold.

A．claimed B．has claimed

C．has been claiming D．had claimed

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态语态。句型：it is the+序数词+time that从句，从句谓语动词要使用现在完成时。claim有权利要求得到，与主语the team为主谓关系，应用主动语态。句意：中国女排在

里约奥运会上获得了金牌，这是第三次团队获得奥运金牌。故选B。

8．Throughout the history of movie-making, Shakespeare’s plays for films more than the works of any other writer.

A．were being adapted B．would be adapted

C．have been adapted D．are adapted

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意：纵观电影制作的历史，莎士比亚的戏剧被改编成电影的次数要比其他作家的作品被改编成电影的次数多。由“Throughout the history of movie-making,”可知，本句为现在完成时，主语Shakespeare’s plays，与谓语adapt为被动。所以用现在完成时的被动语态have been adapted。故C选项正确。

9．— Why do you look very upset?

— The electricity was cut off suddenly and my essay ________ unfinished since.

A．was left B．has left

C．had been left D．has been left

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态语态。句意：——你为什么看起来很沮丧？——突然停电了，那时我的文章就没写完。句中leave与主语essay 构成动宾关系，要用被动形式；句中时间状语since表示从那时起到现在文章一直没写完，是现在完成时态的时间状语。故选D。

10．The boy pretended ______ asleep when his father came back.

A．to fall B．to have fallen

C．to be falling D．have fallen

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查固定句型和时态。句意：他的父亲回来时，这个男孩假装睡着了。pretend to do sth.假装做某事，该句型是固定句型。表示动作开始于过去某一时刻，一直延续到现在，或可能还要继续下去，用现在完成时，故选B。

11．My dad still doesn’t have a driving license. He _____________ his driving test seven times! A．has failed B．failed C．had failed D．fails

【答案】A

【解析】

考查现在完成时时态。句意：我爸爸还没有驾照。他驾驶考试已经七次不及格了！根据次数seven times七次，可知要用现在完成时“has/have+ done”，主语是He，故用单数has，故选A。

【点睛】

现在完成时是由助动词“have（has）+过去分词”构成的，其规则动词的过去分词构成与过去式相同，不规则动词的过去分词则需要加强记忆。主要用法如下：

1、表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。

例如：I have just cleaned my clothes. 我刚洗过衣服。（“洗衣服”是发生在过去的动作，对现在造成的结果是“衣服干净了”）

2、表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态，也可以表示实质可能继续下去的动作或状态.这时往往与表示一段的时间状语连用。

例如：I have been here for just over two years. 我到这里才两年多。

He has worked here since 1989. 从1989年，他就在这里工作。

3、现在完成时属于现在时态范围，因此不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，如：yesterday，last night，two weeks ago等，但可以和never，ever，already，yet，just，for..，since等连用。

例如：Have you finished your work yet？你已经完成你的工作了吗？

I have never heard that before. 过去，我从未听说过那件事。

12．Never _____met such a person before.

A．did I B．I have

C．have I D．Am I

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查倒装句及时态。句意：我以前从未见过这样的人。根据句意可知，此处强调对现在的影响，应使用现在完成时。never位于句首时，句子要求使用部分倒装，助动词提前。故C 选项正确。

13．Ever since he left school, he ______ becoming a professor in that famous university. A．has never dreamed of B．had never dreamed of

C．didn’t dream of D．was not dreaming of

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态。句意：自从他离开学校以来，他从来没有梦想成为那所著名大学的教授。此处since“自从---以来”，引导时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时态，主句用现在完成时态，故选A。

1.Since自从---以来（可做介词和连词），和现在完成时态连用。

He has lived here since he came. 自从他来到这里，就一直在这里住着。

2.It is /has been+一段时间+since 主语+一般过去时态+其他。自从做某事有多长时间了。

在这个句型中如果从句的动作是终止性动词，则表示从动作开始到现在多长时间了；如果从句的动作是持续性动词，则表示从动作结束到现在多长时间了。It is three years since he joined (终止性动词)the army.他参军有三年了；It is five years since he lived（持续性动词）here.他离开这有五年了。

14．Over the last 3 decades, the number of people taking part in voluntary work ______ sharply. A．was increasing B．has increased

C．had increased D．will be increasing

【答案】B

【解析】

【分析】

考查动词时态

【详解】

句意：在过去三十年里，参加志愿者活动的人们的数量急剧增长。根据题干中Over the last 3 decades 得知是现在完成时，主语the number 是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数。故选B。

15．It is the first time that Chinese teachers ________ in schools across Britain to introduce Chinese-style maths lessons and teaching approaches.

A．taught B．teach

C．have taught D．had taught

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查现在完成时。句意：这是中国教师首次在英国各地的学校教中国式的数学课和教学方法。The first time that表示“第一次……”，引导表语从句时，如果主句的系动词是一般现在时，从句用现在完成时，故C项正确。

【点睛】

It is/was the first time that表示“是第一次……”，引导表语从句时，强调到说话时间为止某一情况或动作的次数，从句既可以使用现在完成时，也可以使用过去完成时，需要根据主句的系动词判断，如果主句的系动词是is，从句用现在完成时，如果主句的系动词是was，从句则用过去完成时。

16．Tom ____on the essay for two hours but he _____only a hundred words by now.

A．has been working;has written B．has been working;writes

C．worked ;written D．worded;writes

【答案】A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查时态。句意为：Tom一直忙着写论文两个小时了，但是到现在为止他只写了100多个词。由后半句可知Tom现在还在写文章，故第一个空用现在完成进行时，第二个空强调到现在为止已经写完100个词了，所以用现在完成时，故A正确。

【点睛】

此题的简体关键是根据时间状语判断句子的时态。第一空根据时间状语for two hours，可知应该用能延续的动词的现在完成时态，再根据后半句到目前已经写了100个词了，由此可知现在仍在写，因此第一空应该用现在完成进行时。而第二空的时间状语为by now，因此用现在完成时即可，所以用has written。

17．She _______Mr White for two years.

A．married B．has been married to

C．married with D．has bee marrying

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查谓语动词的时态和语态。句意：她已经嫁给怀特先生两年了。和某人结婚或嫁给了某人，用be married to sb。for+时间段，要用完成时。故此空填has been married to，综上所述，故选B。

18．The disease is a huge blow for the farmers. Hundreds of them ______ their animals, livelihood and hopes destroyed and many others fear they _____ the same fate.

A．have seen; will suffer B．saw; suffered

C．had seen; was to suffer D．see; suffer

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态。句意：这种疾病对农民来说是一个巨大的打击。数以百计的人目睹了他们的动物、生计和希望被摧毁，还有许多人担心他们会遭受同样的命运。结合句意可知第一空用现在完成时态；第二空用一般将来时态。故选A。

19．--- Each of the students, working hard at their lessons, ______ the book.

--- So have I.

A．is reading B．has read

C．reading D．reads

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查主谓一致和时态。句意：—努力学习的每个学生都阅读了这本书。—我也读了！根据第二句中的助动词have可知前句中也应该使用助动词have/has，主语each of the students 做主语，谓语动词使用单数形式，故B项正确。

【点睛】

主谓一致主要指“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系。对大多数人来说，往往会在掌握主语和随后的谓语动词之间的一致问题上遇到困难。一般情况下，主谓之间的一致关系由以下三个原则的支配：语法一致原则 (grammatical concord) 意义一致原则 (notional concord) 就近原则(principle of proximity)。“主谓一致”考查内容涉及名词单数或复数做主语、不可数名词做主语、不定代词做主语、并列结构做主语、特殊名词做主语时与谓语动词数的一致等。

列举如下用法：

1. 单数名词(代词)，不可数名词做主语时，谓语用单数形式，复数名词(代词)做主语，谓语用复数形式。

T he desk is Tom’s. 这张桌子是汤姆的。

Some water is in the bottle. 一些水在瓶子里。

The students are playing football on the playground. 这些学生正在操场上踢足球。

2. many a+单数名词做主语，意义虽为“许多”，但谓语要用单数形式。

Many a student has been to Shanghai. 许多学生到过上海。

3. more than one+单数名词做主语，谓语用单数。

More than one student has ever been to Beijing. 不止一个学生曾经去过北京。

4. 表示时间，价格，重量，数目，长度，数学运算等的词或短语做主语时，这些通常做一个整体概念，谓语用单数形式。例如：

Two months is a long holiday. 两个月是一个长假。

Twenty pounds isn’t so heavy. 2 0英镑并不太重。

Ten miles isn’t a long distance. 1 0英里并不是一段很长的距离。

Five minus four is one. 5减4等于1。

5. 主语是each/every+单数名词+and(each/every)+单数名词时，谓语动词用单数。

Each boy and each girl has got a seat. 每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。

Every man and every woman is at work. 每个男人和女人都在工做。

6. one and a half+复数名词做主语，谓语动词用单数形式。

One and a half hours is enough. 一个半小时足够了。

7. 动词不定式，动名词做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。

To see is to believe 眼见为实。

Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes.

做眼睛保健操对你的眼睛十分有益。因此在实际操练中要指导学法，掌握基本用法，注意变化就能突破

20．More and more cancer patients _________ in hospital owing to polluted environment and people’s bad lifestyles.

A．treated B．have treated

C．have been treated D．had been treated

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态语态。句意：由于被污染了的环境和人们糟糕的生活方式，越来越多的癌症病人正在医院里接受治疗。本句主语more and more cancer patients与动词treat构成被动关系，要使用被动语态；而且很多病人接受治疗是已经发生的事情，要用完成时表示，所以本句使用现在完成时的被动语态，故选择C项。

21．With Chang'e-3 successfully landing, China becomes the third country in the world that

_______ on the moon.

A．lands B．has landed C．landed D．was landing

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词时态。句意：随着嫦娥3号的成功着陆，中国成为了世界上第三个登上月球的国家。根据固定句型：it is the first that +现在完成时，可知用现在完成时，故选B。

22．The Mp3 ________ young people ________ a bit of decline recently with the appearance of the Mp4.

A．intending to; has entered into B．intended for; has gone into

C．meant to; takes on D．meant for; opens up

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词短语辨析和时态。句意：随着MP4的出现，为年轻人设计的这款MP3的销量已经下滑了。短语be intended for为…设计，be meant for本应为，be meant to do sth.打算做某事，enter into参与，go into进入（某种状态），take on呈现，open up开发，本句最后使用短语intended for…做定语修饰the MP3；副词recently意为“近来”，通常和现在完成时连用。结合句意，故B项正确。

23．—Is this the first time you ________ Chonqing?

—No. The first time I ________ here, the city wasn’t so fascinating.

A．visited; came B．visited; have come

C．have visited; have come D．have visited; came

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态。句意：——这是你第一次来重庆吗? ——不。我第一次来的时候，这个城市并没有那么迷人。句型It/This is first/second/third…+从句，从句用现在完成时，表示“某人第几次做某事”；The first time“首次；第一次”，常引导时间状语从句，根据主句“the city wasn’t so fascinating.”时态可知，用一般过去时。故选D。

24．Not until______ a chance to discuss it thoroughly, ______set out to handle the problem we came across last week.

A．we have had, shall we B．have we had,we shall

C．do we have, we D．we shall have had, shall we

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查倒装。句意：直到我们有机会彻底讨论这件事，我们才着手处理上周遇到的问题。Not until位于句首，主句用部分倒装，从句不倒装，本句中从句强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时，故A项正确。

25．—The room is dirty.

—Sorry, It ______ for weeks and I will do it now.

A．hasn’t cleaned B．hasn’t been cleaned

C．wasn’t cleaned D．didn’t clean

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查被动语态和主谓一致。句意：——房间很脏。——对不起，已经几个星期没打扫了，我现在就打扫。此处It是句子主语，指的是the room，和clean之间是被动关系，再根据for weeks和now可知句子用现在完成时态的被动语态结合句意，因此用hasn't been done。故选B。

26．My daughter _________ as a teacher for 5 years in 2008, and she _______a doctor since then.

A．had worked…has been B．worked…has been

C．has worked…is D．worked…is

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态。句意：我的女儿在2008年已经当了5年的老师，从那以后她一直是一名医生。根据in 2008可知，当老师是过去的事情，用一般过去式，根据时间状语since then可知，

此句用现在完成时。故选B。

【点睛】

时态是常考考点，除了要求考生掌握各个时态的基本用法之外，考生需具有在具体语境中辨别能力。时态的判定往往根据句中所给的直接或间接的时间状语来判定，但要注意的是不能完全依赖于所给出的时间状语，还要看语境。本小题第一空所在句子有个很明显的时间状语for 5 years，如果以此来判断，应使用现在完成时，但根据下文语境可知，此处叙述的是过去的事情，用一般过去式。而第二空则可以根据时间状语since then判定使用现在完成时。

27．- -Did you watch the news about the success story of a farmer in Longhu last night?

Yes. By using an e-commerce platform, his fruit business ____ nationwide.

A．is expanding B．has expanded C．would expand D．was expanding

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态。句意：——你看了昨晚龙湖农民的成功事迹的新闻了吗？——看了。通过使用网络商业平台，他的水果生意已经做到全国了。分析句子可知，生意已经做到了全国范围，对现在造成了影响，且现在这个生意依旧在进行，故应用现在完成时。故选B

28．My mother ______ the window already, so the room looks much brighter.

A．had cleaned B．has cleaned

C．is cleaning D．will clean

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态。句意：我妈妈已经把窗户擦好了，所以房间看起来明亮多了。根据“so the room looks much brighter”可知此处强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响，应该用现在完成时，故B 项正确。

29．Linda ________ to her mother for so long that she figures out almost every gesture of her mother’s.

A．attended B．had attended C．would attend D．has attended

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查现在完成时。句意：琳达照顾她母亲太久了，她几乎能领会母亲的每一个动作。分析句意可知，本句为现在完成时，表示过去所发生的动作或事情对现在的影响或产生的结果，着眼点在现在。由“she figures out almost every gesture of her mother’s ”可知，琳达照顾她母亲太久了。对现在的影响是，她几乎能领会母亲的每一个动作。故D选项正确。

30．LED lighting, even in most developed countries, ________ long enough to know its effects across the human lifespan.

A．has not been used B．was not used

C．had not been used D．is not being used

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态。句意：即使在大多数发达国家，LED照明的使用时间也不够长，不足以了解其在人类寿命中的影响。分析句子可知，LED照明到现在一直还在使用，所以用现在完成时，故选A。

31．Such a craze _____ the pursuit of fashion become that some schools have to ban it for being too distracting and for fueling envy-rooted bullying.

A．does B．did C．had D．has

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查部分倒装和现在完成时态。句意：追求时尚已经变得如此的疯狂以至于一些学校不得不禁止它,因为太多的分心和燃起了嫉妒的欺凌。 such...that和so…that表示“如此……以至于……”，当such和so位于句首时，主句使用部分倒装，that后的语序不变。由于句中have to使用的是一般现在时，根据句意（追求时尚已经变得如此的疯狂），可知前半句应用现在完成时。故选D。

32．It____ ten years ______ I graduated from university.

A．has been; since B．is; before

C．was; since D．will be; before

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查固定句型。句意：我已经大学毕业十年了。It is/has been+一段时间+since+过去时的句子，意为“自从......已经多久了”，是固定句型，故选A。

33．Experiments _______ that children can be instructed in swimming at a very early age, as early as about two months.

A．are proving B．will be proved C．are proved D．have proved

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查现在完成时态。句意：实验证明，儿童在很小的时候就可以学会游泳，最早两个月就可以了。此处表示“到现在为止已经得到的证明”，所以句子用现在完成时态，且主语是Experiments，名词复数，故选D。

34．The windows __________ up to now, and you need not wash again.

A．is washed B．were washed C．have been washed D．will be washed

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查动词时态语态。句意：窗户已经洗过了，你不必再洗了。根据下文up to now和“ you need not wash again”可知，现在不必洗了，说明已经清洗过了，应用现在完成时，表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的结果，且主语windows与谓语动词构成被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态。故选C。

35．-Late again！Where_____________？

-Sorry，I________________ in the heavy traffic，or I would have been here earlier.

A．were you；have got stuck B．have you been；have got stuck

C．were you；got stuck D．have you been；got stuck

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态。句意：——又迟到了？你去哪了？——对不起，我遇上交通拥挤了，否则我就会早点到。第一空根据语境“又迟到了”可知，已经回来了，所以用现在完成时态，第二空：短语be/get stuck in 被困住，动作发生在过去所以用一般过去式，故选D。

36．It is the first time that I ______ to Beijing.

A．came B．come

C．have come D．had come

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查固定句型。句意：这是我第一次来北京。 It is／was the first／second／third．．．time that．．．该句型意为“这是某人第几次干某事了”。当主句的谓语动词用is时，从句谓语动词用现在完成时；当主句的谓语动词用was时，从句的谓语动词用过去完成时，故选C。

37．—Is this the first time that you ______ Nanchang?

—No. But it has been 3 years since I last ____ here.

A．visit; come B．have visited; came C．visited; came D．have visited; come

【答案】B

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查时态。句意：—这是你第一次来南昌吗？—-不。但是自从我上次来这里已经三年了。这里考查句式This is the first time that…“这是第一次……”，that从句中谓语动词用现在完成时；since“自从”，从句的时态用一般过去时。故选B。

【点睛】

It/This is the first time+ that-结构中，that-从句通常用现在完成时：

It’s the first time（that）the boy has spoken to a foreigner.这个男孩还是第一次同外国人说话. It’s the first time that she’s seen an elephant.这是她第一次见到大象。

有时以上结构中的first 也可换成second，third，fourth等；其中的time也可换成其他名词：

It's the first month that he has lived here. 这是他第一个月住在这里。

This is the second cigarette that he has smoked today. 这是他今天抽的第二支烟。

若It was the first time that-结构中，that-从句通常用过去完成时，有时也用一般过去时，有时若有包括现在在内的时间状语，偶尔还可用现在完成时：

She was lucky because that was the second time she（had）visited Japan that year.

她很幸运，那是她那年第二次参观日本。

38．It's the third time that I _________ you _________ your promise.

A．reminded; about B．have reminded; of

C．reminded; of D．have reminded; about

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态和固定搭配。句意：这是我第三次提醒你信守你的承诺。It is the

first/second/third….time that sb has/have done是个固定句型，意为“这是某人第一次/第二次/第三次……做某事”，所以第一空要用现在完成时。remind sb of sth为固定搭配，意为“提醒某人某事”，所以第二空要用介词of。故选B项。

【点睛】

It/This is the first time＋that-结构中,that-从句通常用现在完成时：

It/This was the first time that-结构中,that-从句通常用过去完成时

(以上结构中的 first 也可换成 second, third, fourth 等) 在以上两个特殊句式中，that从句的时态是考查重点，考生要牢牢记住规则。

本题中，第一空用的是It/This is the first time＋that-结构， that 从句中要用现在完成时，所以第一空要填have reminded。

39．--I'm sorry, but I don't quite follow you. Did you say you wanted to return on September 20?

--Sorry, I__________myself clear. We want to return on October 20.

A．hadn't made B．wouldn't make C．don't make D．haven't made

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查时态。句意：——抱歉，我没有听清楚。你是说你们想九月二十号回来吗？——抱歉，我没有表达清楚。我们想10月20号回来。根据句意，对方已经说过了，结果是让人没听清楚。故可用一般过去时或现在完成时态表达。结合选项中没有一般过去时，只有D 是现在完成时。故选D。

40．The person who is of the factory ill since last week.

A．in charge; has been B．in charge; has fallen

C．taking charge; was D．in charge; fell

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查短语辨析和动词时态。句意：负责这家工厂的那个人自上周以来一直在生病。in charge of 与 take charge of 同义，均表示“负责，掌管”之意;而in the charge of则意为“在……的掌管下”；第二空考查动词时态。由时间状语 since last week可知此处应用现在完成时，而fall ill表示动作，不能延续，故应用be ill。且主语为person，助动词应用has，故A 项正确。

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