09届高三英语总复习之句子系列复习(1)

09届高三英语总复习之句子系列复习（1）

一、句子成分

主语（subject）: 句子说明的人或事物。

The sun rises in the east. （名词）He likes dancing. （代词）

Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词) Seeing is believing. （动名词）

To see is to believe. （不定式）What he needs is a book. （主语从句）

It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. （It形式主语，主语从句是真正主语）谓语（predicate）: 说明主语的动作、状态和特征。

We study English. He is asleep.

宾语：1）动作的承受者-----动宾

I like China. （名词）He hates you. （代词）

How many do you need? We need two. （数词）

We should help the old and the poor. I enjoy working with you. （动名词）

I hope to see you again. （不定式）Did you write down what he said? （宾语从句）

2）介词后的名词、代词和动名词-----介宾

Are you afraid of the snake? Under the snow, there are many rocks.

3）双宾语-----间宾（指人）和直宾（指物）

He gave me a book yesterday. Give the poor man some money.

定语：修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或句子。

Miss Yang is a chemistry teacher.（名词）He is our friend. （代词）

We belong to the third world. （数词）He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.（形容词）The man over there is my old friend.(副词) The woman with a baby in her arms is my sister. (介词) The boys playing football are in Class 2. （现在分词）

The trees planted last year are growing well now. （过去分词）

I have an idea to do it well. （不定式）

You should do everything that I do. （定语从句）

状语：用来修饰v., adj., adv., or 句子。表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、条件、方式、让步和伴随。

（以下例句按上述顺序排列）

I will go there tomorrow. The meeting will be held in the meeting room.

The meat went bad because of the hot weather. He studies hard to learn English well.

He didn’t study hard so that he failed in the exam.I like some of you very much.

If you study hard, you will pass the exam. He goes to school by bike.

Though he is young, he can do it well. The teacher came in, with a book in his hand.

宾补：对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。

We elected him monitor. （名词）We all think it a pity that she didn’t come here. （名）We will make them happy. （形容词）We found nobody in. ( 副词)

Please make yourself at home. 介词短语）Don’t let him do that. （省to不定式）

His father advised him to teach the lazy boy a lesson. （带to不定式）

Don’t keep the lights burning. （现在分词）I’ll have my bike repaired. （过去分词）

主补：对主语的补充。

He was elected monitor. She was found singing in the next room.

He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.

表语（predicative）: 系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。

He is a teacher. （名词）Seventy-four! You don’t look it. （代词）

Five and five is ten. （数词）He is asleep. （形容词）

His father is in. （副词）The picture is on the wall. ( 介词短语)

My watch is gone / missing / lost. （形容词化的分词）

To wear a flower is to say I’m poor, I can’t buy a ring. （不定式）

The question is whether they will come. （表语从句）

（常见的连系动词有: be, sound（听起来）, look（看起来）, feel(摸起来，smell（闻起来）, taste（尝、吃起来）, remain（保持，仍是）, feel（感觉）...等等)

It sounds a good idea. The sound sounds strange.

Her voice sounds sweet. Tom looks thin.

The food smells delicious. The food tastes good.

The door remains open. Now I feel tired.

二、Exercises：

（一）分析下列句子成分：

1. Our school is not far from my home.

2. It is a great pleasure to talk with you

3. All of us considered him honest.

4. My grandfather bought me a pair of sports shoes.

5. He broke a piece of glass.

6. He made it clear that he would leave the city.

7. I love you more than her, child. 8. Trees turn green when spring comes.

9. They pushed the door open. 10. Grandma told me an interesting story last night.

11. He wrote carefully some letters to his friends. 12. All the students think highly of his teaching. 13. We need a place twice larger than this one. 14. He asked us to sing an English song.

15. Don't get nervous; help yourself to what you like. 16. We will make our school more beautiful.

17. He didn't come. That is why he didn't know. 18. She showed us her many of her pictures.

19. The old man lives a lonely life. 20. I’ll get my hair cut tomorrow.

21. Luckily the 1989 earthquake did not happen in the center of town.

22. The cars made in Japan are better than those in Germany．

23. There are so many people in the hall that it's hard for me to find him.

24. No matter how difficult the task may be, we must fulfill it this month.

25. Go back where you came from. 26. We must do whatever the people want us to do.

27. At last he got home, tired and hungry. 28. Would you please pass me the cup?

29. Mary handed her homework to the teacher. 30. Do you know the latest news about him?

（二）请说出下列短文各句中的句子成分：

I hope you are very well. I'm fine, but tired. Right now it is the summer vacation and I'm helping my Dad on the farm. August is the hottest month here. It is the time of year for the rice harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark. Sometimes we go on working after dark by the lights of our tractors. We grow rice in the south of the States, but in the north where it is colder they grow wheat. We have a lot of machines on the farm. Although the farm is large, my Dad has only two men working for him. But he

employs more men for the harvest. My brother takes care of the vegetable garden. It doesn't often rain in the summer here. As a result, we have to water the vegetable garden. Every evening we pump water from a well. It then runs along channels to different parts of the garden.

（三）给下列短文加上标点符号：

During a bullfight a drunk suddenly wandered into the middle of the ring the crowd began to shout but the drunk didn't realized the danger the bull was busy with the matador (斗牛士) at the time but it suddenly caught sight of the drunk who was wearing a red cap the bull forgot all about the matador and rushed to the drunk the crowd suddenly grew quiet the drunk however seemed quite sure of himself when the bull got close him he stepped aside to let it pass the crowd burst into cheers and the drunk bowed by this time however three men had come into the ring and they quickly dragged the drunk outside even the bull seemed to fell sorry for him for it looked on sympathetically until the drunk was out of the way before once more drew its attention to the matador.

三、简单句的基本句型

1. 主语＋谓语

本结构是由“主语+不及物动词（词组）”构成, 常用来表示主语的动作。如，

She came. / My head aches. / The sun rises.

该句型的主语可有修饰语---定语，如，The red sun rises.

谓语可有修饰语---状语，如，The red sun rises in the east.

2. 主语＋谓语＋宾语

此结构是由“主语+及物动词（词组）+宾语”构成。宾语可以是名词、代词、数词，动名词、动词不定式或词组、the +形容词、分词以及从句等。如，

She likes English.

The young should take good care of the old.

3. 主语＋连系动词＋表语

本结构主要用以说明主语的特征，类属，状态，身份等。连系动词有：

（1）表示特征和存在状态的be, seem, feel, appear, look, smell, taste, sound等；

（2）表示状态延续的remain, stay, keep, continue, stand等；

（3）表示状态变化的become, get, turn, go, run, fall, come, grow等。

She is happy. / He fell off his bike and got hurt. / His advice proved (to be) right.

4. 主语＋谓语＋间接宾语＋直接宾语

常跟双宾语的及物动词有：

（需借助to的）bring, give, lend, hand, offer, pass, pay, promise, return, send, show, teach, tell, write, 等；（需借助for 的）buy, call, cook, choose, draw, find, get, make, order, sing, save, spare,等。

He sent me an English-Chinese Dictionary. = He sent an English-Chinese Dictionary to me.

She gave John a book．= She bought a book for me.

5. 主语＋谓语（及物动词）＋宾语＋宾语补足语

此结构中的宾语与宾语补足语之间存在有内在逻辑上的主谓关系，若无宾语补足语，则句意不完整。可以用做宾补的有名词，形容词，介词短语，动词不定式，分词等。

She makes her mother angry.

The teacher asked me to read the passage.

6. There be 句型

此句型是由there + be + 主语+ 状语构成，用以表达某地存在有，它其实是倒装的一种情况，主语位于谓语动词be 之后，there 仅为引导词，并无实际意义。Be 与其后的主语在人称和数上一致，有时态和情态变化。如，

现在有there is / are …

过去有there was / were…

将来有there will be…/ there is / are going to be...

现在已经有there has / have been…

可能有there might be...

肯定有there mu st be …/ there must have been...

过去一直有there used to be …

似乎有there seems / seem / seemed to be …

碰巧有there happen / happens / happened to be …

此句型有时可用live, stand, come, go, lie, remain, exist, arrive,等词代替be动词。Eg. There is going to be a meeting tomorrow.

There lived an old man at the foot of the mountain.

There came a shout for "help".

There must have been a village here.

There lies a book on the desk.

四、翻译练习：

（一）主谓结构（主语＋不及物动词）

1. 你应当努力学习。

2. 她昨天回家很晚。

3. 那天早上我们谈了很多。

4. 会议将持续两个小时。

5. 在过去的十年里，我的家乡已经发生了巨大的变化。

6. 这种事情全世界各地每天都在发生。

7. 1919年，在北京爆发了“五.四”运动。

8. 每天八时开始上课。9. 这个盒子重五公斤。10. 五年前我住在北京。11. 让我们立即行动起来。

12. 乌云低沉沉的，天下着大雪。

13. 恰好他身边有钱。

14. 慢慢地她脸上露出了一丝笑容。

15. 背起书包我急忙赶到学校。

16. 他满面笑容。17. 我英文学得不错。

（二）主谓宾结构（主语＋及物动词＋宾语）

1. 昨晚我写了一封信。

2. 今天下午我想同你谈谈。

3. 这本书他读过多次了。

4. 他们成功地完成了计划。

5. 你们必须在两周内看完这些书。

6. 那位先生能流利地说三种语言。

7. 我收到了笔友从澳大利亚寄来的信。

8. Jim 还不会自己穿衣服。

9. 我们大家都相信Jack 是一个诚实男孩。10. 他不知道说什麽好。

（三）主系表结构（主语＋系动词＋表语）

1. 我的兄弟都是大学生。

2. 冬季白天短，夜晚长。

3. 布朗夫人看起来很健康。

4. 十五岁他就成为有名的钢琴家了。

5. 孩子们，请保持安静。

6. 这本书是有关美国历史的书。

7. 她的工作是在幼儿园里照看儿童。

8. 他失业了。9. 树叶已经变黄了。

10. 这个报告听起来很有意思。11. 商店开到八点。

12．机器出了毛病。13．这些努力似乎全都白费了。14．这话听起来有道理。15．房里一会儿就挤满了人。

（四）双宾语结构（主语＋及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语）

1．Johnson 先生去年教我们德语。

2. 奶奶昨晚给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。

3. Mary把钱包交给校长了。

4. 请把那本字典递给我好吗？

5. 他把车票给列车员看。

6. 这个学期我已经给父母写过三封信了。

7. 我父亲已经给我买了一辆新自行车。

8. Robinson Crusoe 给自己做了一只小船。

9. 请你给我弄一本新的，好吗？10. 我替你叫辆出租汽车好吗？

（五）复合宾语结构（主语＋及物动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语）

1．我们叫她Alice. 2. 他的父母给他取名为John. 3. 我们大家都认为他是诚实的。 4. 他们把门推开了。

5. 他们把小偷释放了。

6. 我们要使学校变得更美丽。

7. 他请我们参加做游戏。

8. 我要你把真相告诉我。

9. 卫兵命令我们立即离开。10. 明天我要找人来修理机器。

11. 每天早晨我们都听到他大声朗读英语。12. 痛苦使得他叫喊起来。

13. 我们不会让她在晚上外出的。14. 他每个月理一次发。

15. 我要请人把我的录音机修理一下。

16. 那可怕的声音把孩子们吓坏了

17. 她正在听人家讲故事。18. 男孩子们都在看士兵们操练。

19. 我从来没看见这个字这样用过。

20. 他感到很难跟你交谈。

21. 我想乘船去那里更舒服些。

22. 我认为有可能用另一种方法解题。

23. 学校定了一条规则，开始上课时学生要起立。

24. 我认为与那个人谈话是无益的。25. 祝一路平安。

26. 你让我等了三个钟头。

27. 他捡起了香蕉皮扔到了垃圾箱里。28. 给我几分钟考虑一下。

（六）There be 句型

1. 今晚没有会。

2. 这个村子过去只有一口井。

3. 这个学校有一名音乐老师和一名美术老师。

4. 客人当中有两名美国人和两名法国人。

5. 天气预报说下午有大风。

6. 灯亮着，办公室里肯定有人。

7. 战前这儿一直有家电影院的。

8. 恰好那时房里没人。

9. 从前，在海边的一个村子里住着一位老渔夫。

10. 公共汽车来了。11. 就只剩下二十八美元了。

12. 在这个山洞前面长着一棵高大的松树。13. 铃响了。

14. 二月份有二十八天。

15. 最近几年,这个村庄发生了巨大的变化。

16. 恰好河上有座桥。17. 过去这条河上有座桥。

18. 他的回答应该没有什么可怀疑的。

19. 山顶上有一个塔。20. 十字路口处站着一个警察。

阳西一中2009届高三英语总复习之句子系列复习（1）

参考答案

二、Exercises：

（一）分析下列句子成分：

1. 主语＋系动词＋表语

2. 主语＋系动词＋表语

3. 主语＋动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语

4. 主语＋双宾动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语

5. 主语＋及物动词＋宾语

6. 主语＋动词＋形式宾语it＋宾语补足语+宾语

7. 主语＋及物动词＋宾语

8. 主语＋系动词＋表语

9. 主语＋动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语

10. 主语＋双宾动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语

11. 主语＋双宾动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语

12 主语＋及物动词＋宾语

13. 主语＋及物动词＋宾语

14. 主语＋动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语

15. 主语＋系动词＋表语

16. 主语＋动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语

17. 主语＋系动词＋表语

18. 主语＋双宾动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语

19. 主语＋不及物动词

20. 主语＋不及物动词

21. 主语＋系动词＋表语

22. 主语＋系动词＋表语

23. 主语＋及物动词＋宾语

24. 主语＋不及物动词

25. 主语＋及物动词＋宾语

26. 主语＋不及物动词

27. 主语＋双宾动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语

28. 主语＋双宾动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语

29. 主语＋及物动词＋宾语

30. 主语＋动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语

（三）给下列短文加上标点符号：

During a bullfight, a drunk suddenly wandered into the middle of the ring. The crowd began to shout, but the drunk didn't realize the danger. The bull was busy with the matador (斗牛士) at the time, but it suddenly caught sight of the drunk who was wearing a red cap. The bull forgot all about the matador and rushed to the drunk. The crowd suddenly grew quiet. The drunk, however, seemed quite sure of himself. When the bull got close him he stepped aside to let it pass. The crowd burst into cheers and the drunk bowed. By this time, however, three men had come into the ring and they quickly dragged the drunk outside. even the bull seemed to fell sorry for him, for it looked on sympathetically until the drunk was out of the way before once more drew its attention to the matador.

四、翻译练习：

（一）主谓结构（主语＋不及物动词）

1. You should study hard.

2. She went home very late yesterday evening.

3. That morning we talked a great deal.

4. The meeting will last two hours.

5. Great changes have taken place in my home town in the past ten years.

6. Things of that sort are happening all over the world every day.

7. The May Fourth Movement broke out in Beijing in 1919.

8. Classes begin at eight every day.

9. This box weighs five kilos.

10. I lived in Beijing five years ago.

11. Let’s act at once/ immediately

12. Dark clouds hung overhead, and a heavy snow fell/ it snows heavily.

13. He happened to have some money with him.

14. Gradually a smile appeared on her face.

15. I hurried to the school with my schoolbag.

16. He is smiling all over his face. OR: He wears a smile on his face.

17. I did well in English.

（二）主谓宾结构（主语＋及物动词＋宾语）

1. I wrote a letter last night.

2. I want to talk with you this afternoon.

3. He has read this book many times.

4. They have carried out the plan successfully.

5. You must finish reading these books in two weeks.

6. That gentlemen can speak three languages fluently.

7. I received a letter from my pen friend in Australia.

8. Jim cannot dress himself.

9. All of us believe that Jack is an honest boy.

10. He did not know what to say.

（三）主系表结构（主语＋系动词＋主语补语）

1. My brothers are all college students.

2. In winter, the days are short and the nights are long.

3. Mrs. Brown looks very healthy.

4. At the age of fifteen he became a famous pianist.

5. Children, keep quiet please.

6. This book is about the history of the United States.

7. Her job is to look after the children in the nursery.

8. He is out of work.

9. The leaves have turned yellow.

10. The report sounds interesting.

11. The shop stays op en till 8 o’clock.

12. The machine went wrong.

13. All these efforts seem in vain

14. These words sound reasonable.

15. The room soon became crowded.

（四）双宾语结构（主语＋及物动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语）

1. Mr. Johnson taught us German last year.

2. Grandma told me an interesting story last night.

3. Mary handed the wallet to the schoolmaster.

4. Would you please pass me the dictionary?

5. He showed the ticket to the conductor.

6. This term I have written three letters to my parents.

7. My father has bought me a new bike.

8. Robinson Crusoe made himself a boat.

9. Will you please get me a new copy?

10. Shall I call you a taxi?

（五）复合宾语结构（主语＋及物动词＋宾语＋宾语补语）

1. We call her Alice.

2. His parents named him John.

3. All of us considered him honest.

4. They pushed the door open.

5. They have set the thief free.

6. We will make our school more beautiful.

7. He asked us to join in the game.

8. I want you to tell me the truth.

9. The guards ordered us to leave at once.

10. Tomorrow I’ll have someone repair t he machine.

11. Every morning we hear him read English aloud.

12. The pain made him cry out.

13. We won’t let her go out at night.

14. He has his hair cut once a month.

15. I’ll get my recorder mended.

16. The terrible sound made the children frightened.

17. She is listening to someone telling stories.

18. he boys were watching the soldiers drilling.

19. I have never seen the word used that way before.

20. He felt it very difficult to talk with you.

21. I think it more comfortable to go there by ship.

22. I consider it possible to work out the problem in another way.

23. The school made it a rule that the students should stand up when class begins.

24. I thought it no use talking with that man

25. Wish you a pleasant journey.

26. You keep me waiting for three hours.

27. He picked up the banana peel and threw it in the dustbin.

28. Give me a few minutes to think.

（六）There be 句型

1. There isn’t going to be a meeting tonight.

2. There was only a well in the village.

3. There is (are) a teacher of music and a teacher of art in the school.

4. Among the guests there were two Americans and two Frenchmen.

5. The weatherman says there’ll be a strong wind in the afternoon. 6

6. The light is on. There must be someone ion the office.

7. There used to be a cinema here before the war.

8. There happened to be nobody in the room.

9. Once, there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea.

10. There comes the bus.

11. There remained just twenty-eight dollars.

12. In front of the cave, there stands(grows) a tall pine tree.

13. There goes the bell.

14. There are twenty-eight days in February

15. Recently there have been great changes in this village.

16. There happens to be a bridge over the river.

17. There used to be a river over the river.

18. There should be nothing doubtful.

19. There stands a tower on top of the hill.

20. There stands a policeman at the crossing.

高考英语句子成分分析报告

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5.We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 以上是主要时态。 1.I smiled. 2.I fell happy. 3.I clean the blackboard. 4.I paid him 20 yuan. 5.I made hem repeat the story. 6.I found the homework difficult. 7.He can speak French. 8.He didn’t go to school yesterday. 以上是常见不及物和及物动词。 1.名词We planted the trees last week. 2.形容词In short, we should help the old. 3.副词Nothing has happened since then. 4.不定式He wants to join the army. 5.动名词I enjoyed watching TV. 6.分词He never did the unexpected. 7.代词I love you. 8.数词One and one is equal to four. 9.从句I wonder why our teacher hasn’t arrived.

2019届高三英语最后一个月复习迎考方案.docx

2019 届高三英语最后一个月复习迎考方案 高三英语组 一．现状分析 随着选考科目考试的结束，语数英三门学科进入考前一个多月的紧张备考阶段。说实话，选考结束的第一周，学生正如预先想象的那样思想上有所松懈，上课无精打采，没有状态， 特别是刚到校的一两天表现尤其明显。经过一周的调适之后，学生状态已经慢慢恢复过来。 大部分学生开始自觉地复习迎考，极少数学生对高考复习不是很上心，似乎无所谓的样子， 让人很担忧。 高三英语备课组在前期做了一些准备工作。一是布置组内教师在选考科目复习迎考期间 做英语高考模拟卷。因为选考科目考试结束以后，英语教师会很忙，没有足够的时间认真做题。提前做好一部分试题可以减少后期备课的时间；同时，可以有效掌握各种复习资料的难 易程度和资料的实用性，可以对资料进行筛选，在有限的复习时间里进行更有针对性的训练， 提高课堂效率。另外，可以让英语教师始终保持一定的工作状态和精神面貌。二是准备了一部分的早读早训资料。三是准备了一些晚练周测试题。四是组长自行购置了备用资料，如： 名卷精编 B 版 15 套，维克多英语听力（教师用），金考卷（押题卷15 套），黑白卷（考前押题 2 套）等。 目前，组内的全体英语教师精神饱满，斗志昂扬，已经准备好迎接最后的挑战。最后一 个多月，我们将本着“ 以知识为载体，以真实情景为背景，以培养学生核心素养为目标”的思路做好英语的复习迎考工作。我们的目标是：第二次高考全年级整体提高至少10 分以上，平均分超过紫港中学； 120 分 10 人以上， 105 分以上53 人， 90 分以上 166人， 55 分以上502 人。我们的口号是：勇于拼搏，永不言弃。 二．夯实语言基础知识 英语的语言基础知识是提高学生语言运用能力的前提条件。没有语言基础知识作为支 撑，要想提高学生的语言运用能力只能纸上谈兵。英语的语言基础知识主要是两块：一是单词、短语和句型；二是语法知识。 单词、短语的复习主要是通过早读早训进行落实。我们2019 届从高二第一学期开始就一直非常重视单词短语的复习巩固。每次放假，我们一般都会布置学生回家背诵单词短语或 者抄写，周日回校时进行检测。必修一到必修五的单词我们进行了若干轮复习。选考科目结束前我们还让学生背诵了选修七和选修八的单词短语，虽然学生未必能全部掌握，但背总比不背要好。选考科目考试结束之后，我们又从必修一开始进行最后一轮单词短语复习，争取高考前完成必修五的单词短语复习，至少完成必修四的单词短语复习。这样的安排，对于美术生和一些英语基础薄弱的学生来说是一个很好的机会，有利于拉升后进生的英语成绩。目前，必修一至必修三的早训资料已经准备就绪，必修四的资料已经开始准备。 应用文常用句型以及高考写作中的其它重点句型，如：定语从句、非谓语动词作状语 或定语的句型等，我们在作文讲评中进行复习巩固。我的基本做法是：每写一类应用文时， 要求学生写前先复习一下之前抄过的范文或常用句型并在本次作文中运用进去；讲评时，对学生作文中出现的好句子进行展示，并在所教的两个班级中进行分享。我们的目标是：在第二次高考前对全部应用文进行一轮复习（结合手头上的试卷进行整合），让学生熟悉每一类型的应用文写作。要求学生在写作中能根据自己的英语基础适当运用一些高级词汇和句型。 在淡化语法的大背景下，虽然我们没有时间进行系统的语法复习，但是在阅读理解的 讲评中、在语法填空题的讲评中，尤其是作文的讲评中，我们对语法和句型都有涉及。要求学生要熟悉基本的语法考查套路，并熟悉和运用各种重点句型。后期我们还会结合周测进行语法单句填空训练以及语法填空专题训练。

江苏省启东中学2020届高考英语考前最后一讲 任务型阅读

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