英语专八改错和翻译练习

人文知识

1. _____is the world?s largest exporter of lamb and mutton.

A. New Zealand

B. Australia

C. Canada

D. America

2. _____ is popularly known in the West as the Land Down Under.

A. Britain

B. Canada

C. Australia

D. New Zealand

3. Shakespeare wrote all the following works EXCEPT _____

A. Hamlet

B. King Lear

C. Othello

D. Wuthering Heights

4. Mark Twain is most famous for _____.

A. poems

B. Novels

C. Dramas

D. science fiction

5. ____ was NOT written by Charles Dickens.

A. David Copperfield

B. Oliver Twist

C. Sons and Lovers

D. A Tale of Two Cities

6. British prime minister normally serves a ____term.

A. two-year

B. five-year

C. four-year

D. six-year

7. _____ is sometimes called the birthplace of America.

A. New England

B. the South

C. the West

D. the Midwest

8. Semantics is the study of ____.

A. linguistic competence

B. language functions

C. meanings

D. social behavior

9. Which of the following is not generally believed to be area of linguistics?

A. syntax

B. semantics

C. phonology

D. etiology

10. TG grammar was advanced by_____

A. Searle

B. Whorf

C. Halliday

D. Noam Chomsk

参考答案：

1~5：A C D B C

6~10：B A C D D

1 _____ is the world's largest exporter of lamb and mutton.

A. New Zealand

B. Australia

C. Canada

D. America

2. _____ is popularly known in the West as the Land Down Under.

A. Britain

B. Canada

C. Australia

D. New Zealand

3. Shakespeare wrote all the following works EXCEPT _____

A. Hamlet

B. King Lear

C. Othello

D. Wuthering Heights

4. Mark Twain is most famous for _____.

A.poems

B. Novels

C. Dramas

D. science fiction

5. ____ was NOT written by Charles Dickens.

A. David Copperfield

B. Oliver Twist、

C. Sons and Lovers

D. A Tale of Two Cities

6. British prime minister normally serves a ____term.

A. two-year

B. five-year

C. four-year

D. six-year

7. _____ is sometimes called the birthplace of America.

A. New England

B. the South

C. the West

D. the Midwest

8. Semantics is the study of ____.

A. linguistic competence

B. language functions

C. meanings

D. social behavior

9. Which of the following is not generally believed to be area of linguistics?

A. syntax

B. semantics

C. phonology

D. etiology

10. TG grammar was advanced by_____

A. Searle

B. Whorf

C. Halliday

D. Noam Chomsk

参考答案:

1~5: A C D B C

6~10:B A C D D

改错

练习题

About half of the infant and maternal deaths in developing countries could be avoided if women had used family planning methods to prevent high risk____1 pregnancies, according to a report publishing recently by the Johns Hopking University. ____ 2

The report indicates that 5.6 million infant deaths and 2,000,000 maternal Deaths could be prevented this year if women chose to have theirs children ____ 3 within the safest years with adequate intervals among births and limited their ____ 4 families to moderate size.This amounts to about half of the 9.8 million infant and 370.000 maternal deaths in developing countries, excluded China, estimated for this year by ____5 the United

Nation?s Children?s Fund and the US Centers for Disease Control respectably. China was excluded because very few births occur in the high risk categories. ____6 The report says that evidences from around the world shows the risk of ____7maternal or infant ill and death is the highest in four specific types of ____8

pregnancy; pregnancies before the mother is 18 year old; those after the ____9mother is 35 years old; pregnancies after four births; and those lesser than two years

apart.____10

答案详解：

1. 将had used 改为used。

因为此句是虚拟语气,表示与现在事实相反,故条件从句中应使用一般过去时。例如:

Many would be wise if they did not think themselves wise. 许多人原本会成为聪明人-如果他们不自以为聪明的话。

2. 将publishing 改为published

report和publish时逻辑动宾关系,故应使用publish的过去分词短语来修饰report。例如: Any discovery that we may make, however small, will remain acquired knowledge. 任何可能的发现,不管多么微不足道,都将成为知识宝库中的一部分。

3. 将theirs 改为their

4. 将among 改为between

在两次怀孕期间留出足够的间隔时间,故用between。

5. 将过去分词excluded 改为介词excluding

excluding意为“不包括……”

6. 将respectably 改为respectively

respectively 意为“分别地”，符合句子的意思。而respectably意为“可敬的，值得尊敬地”。

7. 将evidences 改为evidence

evidence是不可数名词。

8. 将ill改为illness

9. 将year 改为years

10. 将lesser 改为less

It is difficult to think of a nation as an abstract collection of people

living on a patch of territory.

It is easier to think of as a person.

This is why we sometimes call Great

Britain __1__

"Britannia" and the United States "Columbia", and think of it as stately

women. We also use masculine symbols in

our __2__

personification of nations. In 1712 John Arbuthont, a Scot,wrote a political

satire in that the characters were

supposed __3__

to be typical members of different nationalities. The Englishman was John Bull.

This name, which was sufficient flattering to

be __4__

adopted generally, combined the most common English first name with a last name indicated strength. John Bull is usually __5__

pictured as a partly businessman with a Union Jack on his hatband.

After the American War of Independence began in 1783, the United __6__

States was knownfor "Brother Jonathan". Jonathan was a biblical __7__

name associated with simple people from rural areas, and it seemed fitting since

the United States is rural and unsophiscated, and

since __8__ American considered their type of simplicity a virtue compared

to __9__

the wickedness of European cities. It is possible, however, that the name was

originated with President George Washington, who

would __10__

often say, when faced with a hard problem, "Let us consult Brother Jonathan",

referring to his secrectary, Johnathan Trumbull.

答案详解：

1. of和as之间加上it.代替前文的a nation

2.it—both.指代上文的US和Great Britain

3.that—which

4.sufficient—sufficiently.修饰形容词用副词

5. indicated—indicating

6.began—ended.根据历史知识，美国独立战争开始于1776年7月4日(《独立宣言》发表)，直到1783年英国正式承认美国独立才结束。

7. for—as.be known for意为“因......而众所周知”

8. is—was.美国过去曾是一个rural and unsophisticated的国家

9.to—https://www.sodocs.net/doc/aa5356549.html,pare to 意为“把......比作.......”compare with意为“与......比较，与.......匹敌，与......竞争”

10. 删掉name和originated之间的was

Ancient man attempted to change the weather by using magic.

While experience taught him this was

impossible, __1__

he tried to forecast weather conditions. Even earlier

in __2__

1000 B.C.there were weather seers in Babylon----and priests

clever enough to denounce as frauds those

predicted __3__

the weather a year in the advance. Some forecasters

used __4__

methods that seemed to take no connection with the actual __5__

factors controlled the weather. Chickens and other animals __6__

were sacrificed and their intestines poked to find signs

indicating rain and drought. Somewhat more scientific were __7__

predictions based on vegetation:"Onion's skin very thin ,mild

weather coming in. Onion's skin thick and tough, coming

weather is cold and rough." Insects and animals were also __8__

favorite weather clues: "Before the glowworm lights his lamp, __9__

then the air is always damp ." "If spiders their cobwebs forsake ,

the weather will for certain break ." "If frogs remained in pools ,

the weather will be fine . If they were seen on

rocks, __10__

rain and cold were due." It's difficult to say whether this rhyme

should be taken seriously : " Hark , I hear the asses bray .

Me thinks we'll have some rain today ."

答案详解:

1.While-When或After.本句的this指代的是to change the weather by using magic. when/after 引导时间状语

2.in-than.earlier是early的比较级,其后应有than

3.those之后加who.who引导定语从句

4. 删除advance前的the.in advance为习语

5. take-have.have connection with 为习语

6. controlled-controlling或在controlled前加that/which.controlling the weather 或

that/which controlled the weather做定语修饰the actual factors

7. and-or.rain和draught只能是二者之一

8. 删除is.与上文平衡,均为省略句

9. before-when/if.条件句

10. will-would.if引导的是条件句用的是remained一般过去时来源

改错指导：常见典型语法错误

语言是评判作文的一个极其重要的因素。在实际的阅卷过程中，语法错误，尤其是较为严重的错误，是阅卷人员的主要“照顾点”，有时甚至是惟一的点；当然那样处理是有道理的，大家可以设想一下，一篇语法上漏洞百出、严重影响表达的作文又会有什么样的好内容呢？如果因为语言上的错误而导致失分，那将得不偿失。因此，认清各种各样的语法错误，尽可能地避免少犯，对于提高作文分是有极大的帮助的。现将我们在阅卷过程中所发现的大量语言错误逐一归类，抽出其中的典型错误，以警示大家，供参考。

1．句子成分残缺不全

We always working till late at night before taking exams.（误）

We are always working /We always work till late at night before taking exams（正）

We should read books may be useful to us. （误）

We should read books which may be useful to us. （正）

2．句子成分多余

This test is end, but there is another test is waiting for you. （误）

One test ends, but another is waiting for you. （正）

The driver of the red car was died on the spot. （误）

The driver of the red car died on the spot. （正）

3．主谓不一致

Someone/Somebody think that reading should be selective. （误）

Some think that reading should be selective. （正）

My sister go to the cinema at least once a week. （误）

My sister goes to the cinema at least once a week. （正）

4．动词时态、语态的误用

I was walking along the road, and there are not so many cars on the street. （误）

I was walking along the road and there were not so many vehicles on the street. （正）We have little time to read some books which we interest. （误）

We have little time to read some books in which we are interested. （正）

I am a student who has studying in the college for two years. （误）

I have been studying in the college for two years（正）

5．词类混淆

It is my point that reading must be selectively. （误）

In my opinion, reading must be selective. （正）

Honest is so important for everyperson. （误）

Honesty is so important for everyone. （正）

The old man was hit by a car when he across the street. （误）

The old man was hit by a car when he was crossing the street. （正）

错误类型有以下几种：

1．主谓一致2．动词时态

3．动词语态：主动／被动语态

4．连接词／并列句／从句

5．比较级

6．虚拟语气

7．非谓语动词

8．代词与先行词的一致

9．倒装句语序

10．赘述

11．增添词

12．易混淆的词

翻译

原文：

Opera is expensive: that much is inevitable. But expensive things are not inevitably the province of the rich unless we abdicate society's power of choice. We can choose to make opera, and other expensive forms of culture, accessible to those who cannot individually pay for it. The question is: why should we? Nobody denies the imperatives of food, shelter, defense, health and education. But even in a prehistoric cave, mankind stretched out a hand not just to eat, drink or fight, but also to draw. The impulse towards culture, the desire to express and explore the world through imagination and representation is fundamental. In Europe, this desire has found fulfillment in the masterpieces of our music, art, literature and theatre. These masterpieces are the touchstones for all our efforts; they are the touchstones for the possibilities to which human thought and imagination may aspire; they carry the most profound messages that can be sent from one human to another.

参考译文

聆听歌剧，无疑昂贵至极。但是，昂贵的事物并非必定属于富人的范畴，除非我们放弃社会的选择权。我们可以选择去使歌剧以及其他某些昂贵的文化形式也能为那些不具备个人支付能力的人所享受。但问题是，我们有必要这么做吗？没人会否认食物、居所、防护、健康与教育的不可或缺性。但即便是在史前时代的洞穴中，人类伸出手来，早就不单纯是为了吃、喝或搏杀，而且亦进行绘画创作。人类对于文化的冲动，通过形象思维和再现手段来表现并探索世界的欲望，乃亘古有之。在欧洲，这一欲望在我们的音乐、艺术、文学和戏剧杰作中寻找到了其实现形式。这些杰作构成了我们全部努力的试金石。作为试金石，它们能衡量出人类的思想和想象力所可能企及的程度。它们携带着最寓意深刻的主题，可在人类彼此间相互传递。

原文：

It seems as if a great deal were attainable in a world where there are so many marriages

and decisive battles, and where we all, at certain hours of the day, and with great gusto and despatch, stow a portion of victuals finally and irretrievably into the bag which contains us. And it would seem also, on a hasty view, that the attainment of as much as possible was the one goal of man?s contentious life. And yet, as regards the spir it, this is but a semblance.

参考译文：

在这充满联姻婚嫁、决战厮杀的世界里，每天特定时刻，我们都欣然而又迅速地把一份食物一去不返地吞入包裹我们的皮囊。这个世界看上去似乎有很多东西都是可以得到的。猛然看来，尽可能地获取也成为纷繁人生的唯一目标。然而，对于精神世界来说，这只不过是表面现象。

原文:

只有在我过度劳累的时候,在我长时间不间断地工作的时侯，在我感到内心空虚、需要充实的时候，我才会感到寂寞。有时，外出演讲回来，见了许多人，讲了许多话，心中满是纷乱的体验需要整理，偶而也会觉得孤独。

于是有那么一会儿，我会感到整个房子非常大，空荡荡的。不知此时的自我又藏匿于何处。这时，我会给花草浇浇水，挨个瞅瞅，仿佛它们是活生生的人一样，或是喂喂两只小猫，亲手做顿饭菜，这样自我就慢慢地重新找回。

参考译文:

I am lonely only when I am overtired, when I have worked too long without a break, when for the time being I feel empty and need filling up. And I am lonely sometimes when I come back home after a lecture trip, when I have seen a lot of people and talked a lot, and am full to the brim with experience that needs to be sorted out.

Then for a little while the house feels huge and empty, and I wonder where my self is hiding. It has to be recaptured slowly by watering the plants, perhaps, and looking again at each one as though it were a person, by feeding the two cats, by cooking a meal.

写作

作文题目

It has recently been announced that a new restaurant may be built in your neighborhood. Do you support or oppose this plan? Why? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.

参考范文

I can see both advantages and disadvantages to having a new restaurant built in our neighborhood. I?m worried about traffic and how it will affect our neighborhood. However, I think that it will benefit local businesses and increase appreciation for our neighborhood. Overall, I think it is a good idea.

Traffic congestion is always a concern when you build something new. Our streets are narrow, with parking on both sides. More cars traveling through the neighborhood could cause a lot of congesting. Traffic means parking problems, too. Our neighborhood has very few garages attached to the houses. Most of us depend on finding a space to park on the street. If the new restaurant is built, we?ll be competing for those spaces with the restaurant?s patrons. Plus, if the restaurant offers wallet parking, it?ll be even wo rse. Valet parkers work in teams to grab every possible space available on the street.

I'm also concerned about the type of patrons this new restaurant will bring into our neighborhood. A family restaurant wouldn?t be a problem. However, if it?s going have a bar and dancing, then there could be problems. The restaurant would stay open later, and people leaving the restaurant might be drunk. Who wouldn?t worry about rowdy customers staggering around our neighborhood in the early morning hours, looking for th eir cars?

I have to admit, though, there are advantages to a new restaurant. Our neighborhood could certainly use the jobs the restaurant would provide. Not only that, the money neighborhood residents would earn there would likely be spent at other neighbo rhood

businesses. This would give a boost to those businesses and make our neighborhood more prosperous.

A new restaurant would also attract a lot of people to our neighborhood. They could see what a nice area this is to live. That might attract new residents to the neighborhood. That would be a good thing, because we?ve been losing residents to the suburbs the last couple of years.

There are a lot of details to consider, but all in all, I support the idea of this new restaurant in our neighborhood.

写作练习题目

Some people think that they can learn better by themselves than with a teacher. Others think that it is always better to have a teacher. Which do you prefer? Use specific reasons to develop your essay.

参考范文：

Most of us can learn how to do something simple on our own with just a set of instructions. However, to learn about something more complex, it?s always best to have a teacher. Teachers bring with them varied and useful backgrounds. They?ve been trained to teach individuals in different ways depending on their style. For instance, omen students learn better by discussing a topic. Others learn more by writing about it. Teachers can help students learn in the way that?s best of each student. A textbook or a manual can only give you one way of learn ing something. Plus they?re only as helpful as your ability to understand them. A good teacher can adapt her teaching to your needs.

Teachers help you focus on what you?re learning. If you?re learning something by yourself, it?s easy to become distracted, and go on to other activities. Teachers keep your attention on the subject. They also approach a subject logically, taking it one step at a time. On your own, it?s tempting to skip parts of the learning process you think you don?t need. That can binder your ability to really understand the subject.

Learning a subject on your own is a very narrow way of learning. You can only use the information you get from the textbook. With a teacher, you get the information in the written materials as well as the teach er?s own knowledge of the topic. Teachers can also provide extra materials to broaden the scope of what you?re learning.

There?s nothing wrong with studying on your own, and a learner can always benefit from some quiet study. For the best possible learning, though, a good teacher is the biggest help you can have。

专八经典作文句型

一、~~~ the + ~ est +名词+ (that) +主词+ have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read, etc) ~~~ the most +形容词+名词+ (that) +主词+ have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read, etc) 例句：Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen.

海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩。

Mr. Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had.

张老师是我曾经遇到最仁慈的教师。

二、Nothing is + ~~~ er than to + V

Nothing is + more +形容词+ than to + V

例句：Nothing is more important than to receive education.

没有比接受教育更重要的事。

三、~~~ cannot emphasize the importance of ~~~ too much.

（再怎么强调...的重要性也不为过。）

例句：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.

我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。

四、There is no denying that + S + V ...（不可否认的...）

例句：There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.

不可否认的，我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。

五、It is universally acknowledged that +句子~~（全世界都知道...）

例句：It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us.

全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。

六、There is no doubt that +句子~~（毫无疑问的...）

例句：There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired.

毫无疑问的我们的教育制度令人不满意。

七、An advantage of ~~~ is that +句子（...的优点是...）

例句：An advantage of using the solar energy is that it won…t create (produce) any pollution.使用太阳能的优点是它不会制造任何污染。

八、The reason why +句子~~~ is that +句子（...的原因是...）

例句：The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air. The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us.

我们必须种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气。

九、So +形容词+ be +主词+ that +句子（如此...以致于...）

例句：So precious is time that we can…t afford to waste it.

时间是如此珍贵，我们经不起浪费它。

十、Adj + as + Subject（主词）+ be, S + V~~~（虽然...）

例句：Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory. {by no means = in no way = on no account一点也不}

虽然我们的国家富有，我们的生活品质绝对令人不满意。

以下为专八写作及阅读中常会用到或出现的短语及搭配，希望大家能在考前熟记：

1. abide by(=be faithful to ; obey)忠于；遵守。

2. be absent from…. 缺席，不在

3. absence or mind(=being absent-minded) 心不在焉

4. absorb(=take up the attention of)吸引…的注意力(被动语态):be absorbed in 全神贯注于…近:be engrossed in ; be lost in ; be rapt in ;be concentrated on ; be focused on ; be centered on

5. (be) abundant in(be rich in; be well supplied with) 富于,富有

6. access(to) (不可数名词) 能接近,进入,了解

7. by accident(=by chance, accidentally)偶然地,意外. Without accident(=safely) 安全地,

8. of one?s own accord(=without being asked; willingly; freely)自愿地,主动地

9. in accord with 与…一致/ out of one?s accord with 同….不一致

10. with one accord (=with everybody agreeing)一致地

11. in accordance with (=in agreement with) 依照,根据

12. on one?s own account

1) 为了某人的缘故, 为了某人自己的利益

2) (=at one?s own risk) 自行负责

3) (=by oneself)依靠自己

on account 赊账; on account of 因为; on no account不论什么原因也不;of …account

有…..重要性.

13. take…into account(=consider)把...考虑进去

14. give sb. an account of 说明, 解释(理由)

15. account for (=give an explanation or reason for) 解释, 说明.

16. on account of (=because of) 由于,因为.

17. on no account(=in no case, for no reason)绝不要,无论如何不要(放句首时句子要倒装)

18. accuse…of…(=charge…with; blame sb. for sth. ; blame sth. on sb. ; complain ab out) 指控,控告

19. be accustomed to (=be in the habit of, be used to)习惯于.

20. be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of) 了解; (=to have met socially) 熟悉

21. act on 奉行,按照…行动; act as 扮演; act for 代理

22. adapt oneself to(=adjust oneself to) 使自己适应于

23. ada pt…(for) (=make sth. Suitable for a new need) 改编, 改写(以适应新的需要)

24. in addition (=besides) 此外, 又, 加之

25. in addition to(=as well as, besides, other than)除…外

26. adhere to (=abide by, conform to, comply with, cling to, insist on, persist in, observe, opinion, belief ) 粘附; 坚持, 遵循

27. adjacent(=next to, close to) 毗邻的, 临近的

28. adjust..(to) (=change slightly)调节; 适应;

29. admit of (=be capable of, leave room for) …的可能，留有…的余地.

30. in advance (before in time) 预告, 事先.

31. to advantage 有利的,使优点更加突出地.

32. have an advantage over 胜过.

have the advantage of 由于…处于有利条件

have the advantage of sb.知道某人所不知道的事

33. take advantage of (=make the best of, utilize, make use of, profit from, harness)利用.

34. agree with 赞同(某人意见) agree to 同意

35. in agreement (with) 同意, 一致

36. ahead of 在…之前, 超过…;…………….ahead of time 提前.

37. in the air 1)不肯定, 不具体. 2)在谣传中.

38. above all (=especially, most important of all) 尤其是, 最重要的.

39. in all (=counting everyone or everything, altogether) 总共, 总计

40. after all 毕竟,到底; (not) at all 一点也不;

all at once(=suddenly)突然; once and for all 只此一次; above all 最重要的; first of all 首先; all in all 大体上说; be all in 累极了; all but 几乎.

41. allow for (=take into consideration, take into account) 考虑到, 估计到.

42. amount to (=to be equal to) 总计, 等于.

43. answer for (undertake responsibility for, be liable for, take charge for) 对…负责.

44. answer to (=conform to) 适合,符合.

45. be anxious about 为…焦急不安; 或anxious for

46. apologize to sb. for sth. 为…向…道歉

47. appeal to sb. for sth. 为某事向某人呼吁. appeal to sb. 对某人有吸引力

48. apply to sb. for sth. 为…向…申请; apply for申请; apply to 适用.

49. apply to 与…有关;适用

50. approve of (=consent to, be in favor of, favor, agree to, consider good, right) 赞成, approve vt. 批准

51. arise from(=be caused by) 由…引起.

52. arrange for sb./sth. to do sth. 安排…做…

53. arrive on 到达; arrive at 到达某地(小地方);得出,作出; arrive in 到达某地(大地方);

54. be ashamed of (=feel shame, guilt or sorrow because of sth. done) 以…为羞耻

55. assure sb. of sth. (=try to cause to believe or trust in sth.) 向…保证, 使…确信.

56. attach(to) (=to fix, fasten; join) 缚, 系,结

57. make an attempt at doing sth. (to do sth.) 试图做…

58. attend to (=give one?s attention, care and thought)注意,照顾;attend on(upon)(=wait upon, serve, look after) 侍候,照料

59. attitude to/ toward …对…的态度.看法

60. attribute…to…(=to believe sth. to be the result of…)把..归因于.., 认为..是..的结果

61. on the average (=on average, on an average) 平均

62. (be) aware of (=be conscious of , having knowledge or consciousness)意识到,知道.

63. at the back of (=behind) 在…后面

64. in the back of 在…后部(里面); on the back of 在…后部(外面); be on one?s back(=be ill in bed) 卧病不起.

65. at one?s back(=supporting or favoring sb.) 支持,维护; have sb. at one?s back 有…支持, 有…作后台

66. turn one?s back on sb. (=turn away from sb. in an impolite way) 不理睬(某人),背弃,抛弃

67. behind one?s back 背着某人(说坏话)

68. be based on / upon 基于

69. on the basis of 根据…, 在…基础上

70. beat…at在…运动项目上打赢

71. begin with 以…开始. to begin with (=first of all) 首先, 第一(经常用于开始语)

72. on behalf of (=as the representative of) 以…名义

73. believe in(=have faith or trust in; consider sth./sb. to be true) 相信,依赖,信仰.

74. benefit (from) 受益,得到好处.

75. for the benefit of 为了…的利益(好处)

76. for the better 好转

77. get the better of (=defeat sb.) 打败, 胜过.

78. by birth 在出生上,论出身,按血统at birth 在出生时; give birth to 出生

79. blame sb. for sth. 因…责备某人 . blame sth. on sb. 把…推在某人身上

80. in blossom开花(指树木) be in blossom开花(强调状态) come into blossom开花(强调动作)

81. on board 到船上, 在船上, 上火车或飞机

82. boast of (or about) 吹嘘

83. out of breath 喘不过气来

84. in brief(=in as few words as possible)简言之

85. in bulk 成批地,不散装的

86. take the floor 起立发言

87. on business 出差办事.

88. be busy with sth.于某事。be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事

89. last but one 倒数第二.

90. but for (=without) 要不是. 表示假设

91. buy sth. for…money用多少钱买

92. be capable of 能够, 有能力

be capable of being +过去分词:是能够被…的

93. in any case(=for love or money, at any rate, at any price, at any cost, whatever happens; anyhow)无论如何

94. in case (=for fear that) 万一;

95. in case of (=in the event of)如果发生…万一

in the case of 至于…, 就…而言

96. in no case在任何情况下都不(放句首倒装句)

97. be cautious of 谨防

98. center o ne?s attention on(=focus one?s attention on) 把某人的注意力集中在…上

99. be certain of (=be sure of) 有把握, 一定.

100. for certain of (=for sure )肯定地,有把握地

2010专八阅读小练习

He was an old man with a white beard and huge nose and hands. Long before the time during which we will know him, he was a doctor and drove a jaded white horse from house to house through the streets of Winesburg. Later he married a girl who had money. She had been left a large fertile farm when her father died. The girl was quiet, tall, and dark, and to many people she seemed very beautiful. Everyone in Winesburg wondered why she married the doctor. Within a year after the marriage she died.

The knuckles of the doctor's hands were extraordinarily large. When the hands were closed they looked like clusters of unpainted wooden balls as large as walnuts fastened together by steel rods. He smoked a cob pipe and after his wife's death sat all day in his empty office close by a window that was covered with cobwebs. He never opened the window. Once on a hot day in August he tried but found it stuck fast and after that he forgot all about it.

Winesburg had forgotten the old man, but in Doctor Reefy there were the seeds of something very fine. Alone in his musty office in the Heffner Block above the Paris Dry Goods Company's store, he worked ceaselessly, building up something that he himself destroyed. Little pyramids of truth he erected and after erecting knocked them down again that he might have the truths to erect other pyramids.

Doctor Reefy was a tall man who had worn one suit of clothes for ten years. It was frayed at the sleeves and little holes had appeared at the knees and elbows. In the office he wore also a linen duster with huge pockets into which he continually stuffed scraps of paper. After some weeks the scraps of paper became little hard round balls, and when the pockets were filled he dumped them out upon the floor. For ten years he had but one friend, another old man named John Spaniard who owned a tree nursery. Sometimes, in a playful mood, old Doctor Reefy took from his pockets a handful of the paper balls and threw them at the nursery man. "'That is to confound you, you blithering old sentimentalist," he cried, shaking with laughter.

The story of Doctor Reefy and his courtship of the tall dark girl who became his wife and left her money to him is a very curious story. It is delicious, like the twisted little apples that grow in the orchards of Winesburg. In the fall one walks in the orchards and the ground is hard with frost underfoot. The apples have been taken from the trees by the pickers. They have been put in barrels and shipped to the cities where they will be eaten in apartments that are filled with books, magazines, furniture, and people. On the trees are only a few gnarled apples that the pickers have rejected. They look like the knuckles of Doctor Reefy' s hands. One nibbles at them and they are delicious. Into a little round place at the side of the apple has been gathered all of its sweetness. One runs from tree to tree over the frosted ground picking the gnarled, twisted apples and filling his pockets with them. Only the few know the sweetness of the twisted apples.

The girl and Doctor Reefy began their courtship on a summer afternoon. He was forty-five then and already he had begun the practice of filling his pockets with the scraps of paper that became hard balls and were thrown away. The habit had been formed as he sat in his buggy behind the jaded grey horse and went slowly along country roads. On the papers were written thoughts, ends of thoughts, beginnings of thoughts.

One by one the mind of Doctor Reefy had made the thoughts. Out of many of them he formed a truth that arose gigantic in his mind. The truth clouded the world. It became terrible and then faded away and the little thoughts began again.

The tall dark girl came to see Doctor Reefy because she was in the family way and had become frightened. She was in that condition because of a series of circumstances also curious.

The death of her father and mother and the rich acres of land that had come down to her had set a train of suitors on her heels. For two years she saw suitors almost every evening. Except two they were all alike. They talked to her of passion and there was a strained eager quality in their voices and in their eyes when they looked at her. The two who were different were much unlike each other. One of them, a slender young man with white hands, the son of a jeweler in Winesburg, talked continually of virginity. When he was with her he was never off the subject. The other, a black-haired boy with large ears, said nothing at all but always managed to get her into the darkness, where he began to kiss her. For a time the tall dark girl thought she would marry the jeweler's son. For hours she sat in silence listening as he talked to her and then she began to be afraid of something. Beneath his talk of virginity she began to think there was a lust greater than in all the others. At times it seemed to her that as he talked he was holding her body in his hands. She imagined him turning it slowly about in the white hands and staring at it. At night she dreamed that he had bitten into her body and that his jaws were dripping. She had the dream three times, then she became in the family way to the one who said nothing at a ll but who in the moment of his passion actually did bite her shoulder so that for days the marks of his teeth showed.

After the tall dark girl came to know Doctor Reefy it seemed to her that she never wanted to leave him again. She went into his office one morning and without her saying anything he seemed to know what had happened to her.

In the office of the doctor there was a woman, the wife of the man who kept the bookstore in Winesburg. Like all old-fashioned country practitioners, Doctor Reefy pulled teeth, and the woman who waited held a handkerchief to her teeth and groaned. Her husband was with her and when the tooth was taken out they both screamed and blood ran down on the woman's white dress. The tall dark girl did not pay any attention. When the woman and the man had gone the doctor smiled. "I will take you driving into the country with me," he said.

For several weeks the tall dark girl and the doctor were together almost every day. The condition that had brought her to him passed in an illness, but she was like one who has discovered the sweetness of the twisted apples, she could not get her mind fixed again upon the round perfect fruit that is eaten in the city apartments. In the fall after the beginning of her acquaintanceship with him she married Doctor Reefy and in the following spring she died. During the winter he read to her all of the odds and ends of thoughts he had scribbled on the bits of paper. After he had read them he laughed and stuffed them away in his pockets to become round hard balls.

1.According to the story Doctor Reefy's life seems very __________.

A. eccentric

B. normal

C. enjoyable

D. optimistic

2.The story tells us that the tall dark girl was in the family way. The phrase "in the family way" means____________.

A. troubled

B. Pregnant

C. twisted

D. cheated

3.Doctor Reef lives a ___________ life.

A. happy

B. miserable

C. easy-going

D. reckless

4. The tall dark girl's marriage to Doctor Reef proves to be a _____ one.

A. transient

B. understandable

C. perfect

D. funny

5. Doctor Reef's paper balls probably symbolize his ______.

A eagerness to shut himself away from society

B suppressed desire to communicate with people

C optimism about life

D cynical attitude towards life

参考答案:

A B B A B

2017河南专升本英语翻译专项试题及答案

2017 河南专升本英语翻译专项试题及答案河南专升本英语的翻译是在平时的复习备考中，仅次于阅读理解的 难题，yjbys 小编建议大家在复习备考的过程中要多做题，练习自己的 语感，培养阅读技巧。以下是yjbys 小编为大家整理的专升本英语翻译 模拟题，希望同学们可以好好练习一下。 1.如果不是因为他的帮助，我们不可能克服重重困难 2.是我们完成工作的时候了。 3.不幸的是他们没能考虑到交通拥挤，到机场时太晚了，没能赶 上那次航班。 4.你一旦定出了一个学习计划，就应该把它付诸实践。 5.他希望在周末能赶上他落掉的课程。 6.You can make your dictionary use much more efficient if you only look up the words which are necessary to understand the text 7.Even if you can't work out the meaning exactly, you may be able to get a vague idea, enough to enable you to continue reading. 8.He said that setting aside time for improving his physical fitness would be a total misuse of his working hours. 9.By watching and learning from a model, you will probably begin to identify and adopt good working habits. 10.He collected much money from his friends and posted it to the people in the earthquake area. 参考答案： 1.Had it not been for his help, we couldn't have overcome all the difficulties. 2.It is time that we finished our work.

历年专业八级考试真题：翻译

历年专业八级考试真题：翻译 历年专业八级考试真题：翻译 Opera is expensive: that much is inevitable. But expensive things are inevitably the province（范围）of the rich unless we abdicate（退位、放弃）society’s power of choice. We can choose to make opera and other expensive forms of culture, accessible（易接近的，可达到的）to those who cannot individually pay for it. The question is: why should we? No body denies the imperatives（必要的）of food, shelter, defence, health and education. But even in a prehistoric cave, man-kind stretched out a hand of not just to eat, drink or fight, but also to draw. The impulse（冲动）towards culture, the desire to express and explore the world through imagination and representation（表述、陈述）is fundamental. In Europe, this desire has found fulfillment（完成、成就）in the masterpieces of our music, art, literature and theatre. These masterpieces are the touchstones （标准、试金石）for all our efforts; they are the touchstones for the possibilities to which human thought and imagination may aspire（立志、追求目标、渴望）; they carry the most profound （深厚的、深刻的）messages that can be sent from one human to another. 参考译文： 欣赏歌剧是一种奢侈：你必须为此支付昂贵的票价。然而，享用昂贵的东西并不完全是富人的特权，除非我们放弃社会选择的权利。我们有权利使歌剧和其他昂贵的文化形式面向大众，面向那些个人没有支

英语专业八级改错练习题及答案解析

英语专业八级改错练习题及答案解析 About half of the infant and maternal deaths in developing countries could be avoided if women had used family planning methods to prevent high risk ____1____ pregnancies, according to a report publishing recently by the Johns Hopking ____2____ University. The report indicates that 5.6 million infant deaths and 2,000,000 maternal Deaths could be prevented this year if women chose to have theirs children ____3____ within the safest years with adequate intervals among births and limited their ____4____ families to moderate size. This amounts to about half of the 9.8 million infant and 370.000 maternal deaths in developing countries, excluded China, estimated for this year by ____5____ the United Nation’s Children’s Fund and the US Centers for Disease Control respectably. China was excluded because very few births occur in the high ____6____

英语专八翻译

一、The old gentleman, however, seemed cheerful enough; and it was plain that he took an interest in the strangers, and wished to make their acquaintance. This was soon effected by the friendly waiter; and after a little talk the old man invited them to visit his villa and garden which were just outside the walls of the town. So the next afternoon, when the sun began to descend, and they saw in glimpses through door-ways and windows, blue shadows beginning to spread over the brown mountains, they went to pay their visit. It was not much of a place, a small, modernized, stucco villa, with a hot pebbly garden, and in it a stone basin with torpid gold-fish, and a statue of Diana and her hounds against the wall. But what gave a glory to it was a gigantic rose-tree which clambered over the house, almost smothering the windows, and filling the air with the perfume of its sweetness. Yes, it was a fine rose, the Conte said proudly when they praised it, and he would tell the Signora about it. And as they sat there, drinking the wine he offered them, he alluded with the cheerful indifference of old age to his love-affair, as though he took for granted that they had heard of it already. 译文： 然而,这位老先生看起来心情非常愉快;显然他对这两位陌生人很感兴趣，并愿意与他们结交.在热心的服务生的帮助下,他们很快相识了;短暂的交谈之后，老人便邀请他们去他城墙外不远的别墅与花园做客. 于是次日下午，夕阳西落,从开启的门窗轻轻瞥去,他们看到,兰色暗影已渐渐笼罩棕褐的山峦，他们便欣然动身。那里很平常,矗立着一座现代化小型别墅座，表面粉刷了一层灰泥。还有一座铺满鹅卵石的花园，园里石砌水池中有几尾金鱼慵懒地游动。靠墙的地方有一尊守猎女神及其猎犬的雕像。但是使这小园生辉的是一颗巨大的玫瑰树。树已长过屋顶，几乎完全遮住了窗户。空气中满是玫瑰的芳香。这株玫瑰的确不错，听了客人夸奖，伯爵得意地说。他还表示非常乐意把树的来历讲给夫人听。于是他们坐在那里，一边饮酒，一边听他以老年人满不在乎神情，愉快地提及他的那一段往日爱情，仿佛他相信他们对此一定早有耳闻 二、We live in an ascending scale when we live happily, one thing leading to another in an endless series. There is always a new horizon for onward-looking men, and although we dwell on a small planet, immersed in petty business and not enduring beyond a brief period of years, we are so constituted that our hopes are inaccessible, like stars, and the term of hoping is prolonged until the term of life. To be truly happy is a question of how we begin and not of how we end, of what we want and not of what we have. 参考译文：

专升本英语考试翻译总结

翻译总结汉译英 1 找动词找主语 确定主被动 2 动词---非谓语 从句主谓结构 确定时态时间标志 3 检查谓语非谓语 一个句子 找动词 be 实义动词 例如 1.解决这个问题凭借经验 Solving the problem depend s on experience. 三单

2.这个倔强的男孩子不愿意听父母的建议。宾语，否定 否定谓语动词be\情\实义\助 非谓语 祈使句 The stubborn boy would not like to follow parents’ advice. Be Willing to do The stubborn boy is not willing to follow parents’ advice. The stubborn boy does not want to follow parents’ advice. I have not been to Beijing once. 高昂的学费使一些大学生无法上大学。 The high fees make some college students not go to college

Be\ 实义动词 Don’t be late 注意： 简单句（一个句子） 1 被动----主动people The equipment can be installed . 2 否定 3 时态 一般现在s\es 一般过去 现在完成时简单句（一个句子）不可能考过去完成时 已经，持续，到。。。末为止 1.这个实验已经进入到最重要的一个阶段。 Our experiment has come into the most important stage.

1996年高等院校英语专业八级考试翻译试题

1996年高等院校英语专业八级考试 https://www.sodocs.net/doc/aa5356549.html,/tem8/tem-8-96translation.htm C-E原文： 近读报纸，对国内名片和请柬的议论颇多，于是想起客居巴黎时经常见到的法国人手中的名片和请柬，随笔记下来，似乎不无借鉴之处。 在巴黎，名目繁多的酒会，冷餐会是广交朋友的好机会。在这种场合陌生人相识，如果是亚洲人，他们往往开口之前先毕恭毕敬地用双手把自己的名片呈递给对方，这好像是不可缺少的礼节。然而，法国人一般却都不大主动递送名片，双方见面寒暄几句，甚至海阔天空地聊一番也就各自走开，只有当双方谈话投机，希望继续交往时，才会主动掏出名片。二话不说先递名片反倒显得有些勉强。 法国人的名片讲究朴素大方，印制精美，但很少有镶金边儿的，闪光多彩的或带香味的，名片上的字体纤细秀丽，本人的名字也不过分突出，整张纸片上空白很大，毫无拥挤不堪的感觉。 参考译文： Version 1: In reading recent newspapers, I have come to find that people in China have become more and more interested in discussing name cards and invitation letters. This reminds me of the name cards and invitation

letters of the French people that I saw when I was sojourning in Paris. In writing down those random reminiscences, I believe that they might provide some useful information for us to learn. In Paris, cocktail parties and buffet receptions of different kinds offer great opportunities for making friends. On such occasions, strangers may get to know each other. If they are Asians, they will, very respectfully and with both hands, present their calling cards to their interlocutors before any conversation starts. This seems to be the required courtesy on their part. The French, however, usually are not so ready with such a formality. Both sides will greet each other, and even chat casually about any topic and then excuse themselves. Only when they find they like each other and hope to further the relationship will they exchange cards. It will seem very unnatural to do so before any real conversation gets under way. The French tend to take extraordinary precaution in making their name cards, simple yet elegant. Exquisitely designed and printed, their name cards are seldom golden-framed, or colorfully shiny, or tinted with fragrant smells. The letters which appearing on their name cards tend to be diminutive but beautiful, not allowing the name of the card-bearer t be overly prominent / salient. The entire card leaves much empty space, imparting no sense of over-crowdedness.

专升本英语翻译方法

常用翻译技巧总结 w个人认为，翻译题很重要！考研是个充实自己的过程，只要你还需要英语，就离不开翻译，所以大家应该引起足够重视。 首先个人推荐一本书，XDF唐静老师的《拆分与组合翻译法》，我听过他的课，他的方法很实用，感觉很象下面介绍的第四种方法。 翻译题里考察三方面内容： 1、专有名词(如operational research expert)、习惯用法(如depend on)及多义词 的翻译(如school、set的多义) 2、一般性翻译技巧:包括词义选择，词序调整，词性转换和增词法等等 3、具体句型(定从、状从、主从、宾从、表从、同位从、强调结构、并列、 比较、倒装、插入、被动、否定等) 其中2、3是大考点，具体内容可在论坛下XDF的翻译笔记来看，在此不赘述。 可看出，应对翻译题的主要武器是翻译技巧，下面正式进入正题(常用方法、被动语态译法、形容词译法、举例详解) 一、常用方法 英汉两种语言在句法、词汇、修辞等方面均存在着很大的差异，因此在进行英汉互译时必然会遇到很多困难，需要有一定的翻译技巧作指导。常用的翻译技巧有增译法、省译法、转换法、拆句法、合并法、正译法、反译法、倒置法、包孕法、插入法、重组法和综合法等。这些技巧不但可以运用于笔译之中，也可以运用于口译过程中，而且应该用得更加熟练。 1增译法：指根据英汉两种语言不同的思维方式、语言习惯和表达方式，在翻译时增添一些词、短句或句子，以便更准确地表达出原文所包含的意义。这种方式多半用在汉译英里。汉语无主句较多，而英语句子一般都要有主语，所以在翻译汉语无主句的时候，除了少数可用英语无主句、被动语态或“There be…”结构来翻译以外，一般都要根据语境补出主语，使句子完整。英汉两种语言在名词、代词、连词、介词和冠词的使用方法上也存在很大差别。英语中代词使用频率较高，凡说到人的器官和归某人所有的或与某人有关的事物时，必须在前面加上物主代词。因此，在汉译英时需要增补物主代词，而在英译汉时又需要根据情况适当地删减。英语词与词、词组与词组以及句子与句子的逻辑关系一般用连词来表示，而汉语则往往通过上下文和语序来表示这种关系。因此，在汉译英时常常需要增补连词。英语句子离不开介词和冠词。另外，在翻译时还要注意增补一些原文中暗含而没有明言的词语和一些概括性、注释性的词语，以确保译文意思的完整。总之，通过增译，一是保证译文语法结构的完整，二是保证译文意思的明确。如： (1) What about calling him right away? 马上给他打个电话，你觉得如何？(增译主语和谓语) (2) If only I could see the realization of the four modernizations. 要是我能看到四个现代化实现该有多好啊！(增译主句) (3) Indeed, the reverse is true 实际情况恰好相反。(增译名词) (4)就是法西斯国家本国的人民也被剥夺了人权。 Even the people in the fascist countries were stripped of their human rights.(增译物主代词)

2016专八真题翻译题及答案详解

2016年专八翻译题及答案详解 “流逝”表现了南国人对时间最早的感觉。子在川上曰：“逝者如斯夫。”他们发现无论是潺潺小溪，还是浩荡大河，都一去不复返，流逝之际青年变成了老翁而绿草转眼就枯黄，很自然有错阴的紧迫感。流逝也许是缓慢的，但无论如何缓慢，对流逝的恐惧使人们必须用“流逝”这个词来时时警戒后人，必须急匆匆地行动，给这个词灌注一种紧张感。 【参考译文1】 They have found that the flowing water,either a murmuring stream or a mighty river, passes quickly and never returns. With the passage of time, the young become the old and the green grass turns yellow. People naturallyhave a sense of urgency to value every bit of time. As time goes by,no matter how slowly it elapses, people always use the word “liushi” to warn thelater generations for fear of time’s flowing away. They tell their descendants to treasure every single minute and make a hurried action, which adds a sense of tension to the word. 【参考译文2】 They find that either a murmuring stream or a mighty river has gone forever and that the passage of time turns a young man into an old one, and yellows of the grass, which sends a massage of how time flies. Maybe the passing of time is slow. But no matter how slow it is, it makes people so fearful that they use “passage” to warn the later generations to rush. And the use of “passage” also infuses a sense of tension into the word. 【参考译文3】

2018英语专八翻译技巧

2018 英语专八翻译技巧 由于表达习惯不同，英文中常有省略主语的现象，在翻译成汉语时要把它们译出来。情况一般有以下几种： 以抽象名词作主语，而中文的表达习惯则需要把抽象变为具体; 英文中常常会为了避免重复而多用介词，中文则不怕重复，一个词会用上好几遍;英语中的复数名词译为汉语时，常常加入这些、各种、种种等，要视具体语境情况而定。 He did not give us satisfied answer; this made us angry. 他并没有给出我们满意的答复，这种态度使得我们非常生气。 There are solutions proposed to solve the public problem. 针对这一公共问题，大家提出了种种解决方案。 同理，需要增译谓语的情况也时有出现。英语中出现两个或多个相同谓语时，常常会省略，以使句子不那么赘余，而中文中则要译出来，使其表达更加地道。英文中的介词短语译为中文时往往要增译动词，而有些英语中的名词在译为中文时也要加入相应的动词，使其意义更加完整，表达更加明确。 We went to Xiamen this week, Shenzhen next week. 我们这周去厦门，下周去深圳。 After the party, he has got a very important speech. 参加完聚会后，他还要发表一个重要讲话。 2017 英语专八翻译技巧▶时间状语的翻译 1、时间状语常常可以直接翻译，一般译到主句前。 He came in while I was watching TV. 我在吃饭的时候他进来了。 They burst into tears suddenly when they heard the sad news.

知乎教育---2017浙江专升本英语翻译专题(优选.)

最新文件---------------- 仅供参考--------------------已改成-----------word文本 --------------------- 方便更改 赠人玫瑰，手留余香。 英译汉 词汇的翻译 Experts have long thought that depression could be bad for your heart. A new research demonstrates just how dangerous it can be. 专家们长期以来就认为抑郁症会对心脏有害，最近的一项研究证明了这种危害有多大。 In the end, they found that people with major depression were at least three times as likely to die of heart disease as were patients who weren’t depressed. 最终，他们发现患有严重抑郁症的人死于心脏病的可能性至少是正常人的三倍。 His ignorance of the company’s financial situation resulted in his failure to take effective measures. 他对公司财务状况一无所知，结果未能采取有效措施。 Although some areas suffered from serious natural disasters, the total grain output was higher than that of last year. 虽然有些地区遭受了严重的自然灾害，但是粮食总产量还是比去年高。 For one reason or another, all countries impose trade barriers on certain goods crossing their border. 由于种种原因，所有国家对通过他们边境的某种商品都强行设置贸易壁垒。 Every employer wants and needs employees who can suggest improvements in an honest and constructive manner. 每位雇主都希望有以诚实积极态度提出改进意见的雇员。

最新英语专业历年专八翻译真题及答案

1997年:English to Chinese Opera is expensive: that much is inevitable. But expensive things are inevitably the province（范围）of the rich unless we abdicate（退位、放弃）society’s power of choice. We can choose to make opera and other expensive forms of culture, accessible（易接近的，可达 到的）to those who cannot individually pay for it. The question is: why should we? No body denies the imperatives（必要的）of food, shelter, defence, health and education. But even in a prehistoric cave, man-kind stretched out a hand of not just to eat, drink or fight, but also to draw. The impulse（冲动）towards culture, the desire to express and explore the world through imagination and representation（表述、陈述）is fundamental. In Europe, this desire has found fulfillment （完成、成就）in the masterpieces of our music, art, literature and theatre. These masterpieces are the touchstones（标准、试金石）for all our efforts; they are the touchstones for the possibilities to which human thought and imagination may aspire（立志、追求目标、 渴望）; they carry the most profound （深厚的、深刻 的）messages that can be sent from one human to another.

专八改错技巧总结

专八改错技巧总结

英语专八改错解题思路 1. 宏观层面分析（1）句子结构（理顺整个句子的结构，必要时检索上下文） （2）逻辑关系（关联词选择：并列、递进、因果、转折、假设、让步等） （3）时态和语态（完成时和虚拟语气是考查重点） 2. 微观层面分析 （1）缺漏（介词、代词、引导词）（2）冗余（两个主语、同义重复） （3）误用（词性、分词、正反义、主被动、形容词和副词级别） （4）一致性（名词单复数、主谓一致、先行词）（5）词义与固定搭配 3. 注意事项 （1）即使按照语感很快找到了疑似错误，也要坚持读完全句再做判断，可能会有新的发现。过于相信第一感觉而带来的失分是划不来的。（2）分两次改比较合理，因为毕竟只有少数人能够在第一遍看材料的时候就找出所有的错误，尽管这些错误不见得隐藏得多深。 （3）常考题型，高度警惕。冠词：the变a, a变the，补the补a，删a删the，每年都玩的把戏。

单复数：无非是his变their之类的，关键是细心。近义词：例如distinct和distinctive，move和movement，interest和interests… 反义词：尤其看到dis, un, im，in，non之类的，更要琢磨一下。 关联词：几乎是保留节目，and, but, however, though, moreover, therefore… 非谓语动词：见了ing想ed，见了ed想ing, 就是这么贱。 形容词比较级：多半是把原形改为比较级。考的频率也蛮高的。虚拟语气：注意一下还是比较容易看出来的，多长个心眼儿吧。 It：有时要加，有时要删，有时要变itself，总之多盯“它”几眼。动词词组：其实主要是介词的问题，这个没办法临时抱佛脚，要靠积累. 改错： 1、改错虽然为主观题，但错误类型相对集中，可分为以下几种情况： 定冠词：a, an, the误用，甚至多出来；解决

英语专八翻译及答案

1999年：In some societies people want children for what might be called familial reasons: to extend the family line or the family name, to propitiate the ancestors; to enable the proper functioning of religious rituals involving the family. Such reasons may seem thin in the modern, secularized society but they have been and are powerful indeed in other places. In addition, one class(一类) of family reasons shares a border（接壤、相近）with the following category, namely, having children in order to maintain or improve a marriage: to hold the husband or occupy（使…忙（有事干）the wife; to repair or rejuvenate the marriage; to increase the number of children on the assumption（设想、假设consumption 消费）that family happiness lies that way. The point is underlined（突出、显现）by its converse（反面、相反）: in some societies the failure to bear children（养孩子）(or males) is a threat to the marriage and a ready cause for divorce. Beyond all that（除了这些）is the profound（深刻的、深远的）significance of children to the very institution（结构）of the family itself. To many people, husband and wife alone do not seem a proper family（完整的）—they need children to enrich the circle（丰富家庭生活、拓宽生活圈子）, to validate（使…有效）its family character（家族的特征、风格）, to gather（增加、集合）the redemptive（赎回的, 用于补偿的）influence of offspring. Children need the family, but the family seems also to need children, as the social institution（社会结构）uniquely（唯一）available, at least in principle, for （获得）security, comfort, assurance, and direction in a changing, often hostile world. To most people, such a home base, in the literal sense, needs more than one person for sustenance（生计）and in generational extension（家族的繁衍）. 【参考答案】另外，有一类家庭原因与下列类别不无共同之处，那就是：生儿育女要么是为了维系现有婚姻，提高婚姻质量，要么是为了拴住丈夫，使妻子有所事事，要么是为了修复婚姻，给婚姻注入新的活力，亦或是出于多子多福的观念而多生儿女。当然，我们也可以从问题的反面得到昭示：在某些社会，无法生育子嗣（或不能生育男孩）对婚姻而言是最大的威胁，也可作为夫妻分手的现成理由。 后代对家庭这一体制本身所具有的深远意义远非如此。在许多人看来，丁克家庭算不上真正的家庭。夫妻需要孩子来拓宽自己的生活圈子，实现家庭在传宗接代中的作用，并从子孙后代身上获取某种回报。在这个变幻莫测，常常不尽友善的世界上，家庭作为社会的基本单位，至少可在原则上，以其独特方式为家人提供安全保障，抚慰家人受伤的心灵，为家人指出生活方向，因此，孩子需要家庭，但与此同时，家庭也需要孩子。

专升本英语翻译汇总

专升本翻译 1、基本及特殊句型 2、各种从句（引导词的特殊用法） 3、重要单词及词组 4、主动句与被动句的互译 一、专升本翻译常考句型总结及练习 1、in order to \ so as to 他努力学习以实现他的梦想。 他拼命干活以便到六点时把一切都准备就绪。 3、so…that\Such….that 他太自私了，一直都没有人愿意与他共事。 这本书很有趣，我一口气就把它读完了。 4、would rather do…than do 他宁愿听别人讲也不愿自己说。 5、prefer doing to doing 他在办公室的时候，他总是愿找些事做而不愿意闲着。 6、prefer to do…rather than do 比起女人，男人总是宁愿在家睡觉也不愿花那么多时间来购物。 7、not only…but also 在短短的三年的时间里他不但完成了所有课程，而且还获得了博士学位。他不仅乐于接受别人的观点，而且也很耐心。（08）

Not only did Mike learn the Chinese language, but also bridge the gap between his culture and ours. (08) 成功不仅取决于个人能力，而且取决于合作的意愿。（04） Great writers are those who not only have great thoughts but also express these thoughts in words which appeal powerfully to our minds and emotions. (04 英) 8、either…or 如果考试过关，你可以买一个MP3或去云南玩一趟。 9、neither…nor 他是一个无聊的人，既不爱娱乐，也不爱读书。 10. as well as 足球和电脑都一样深受青年喜欢。 11.倍数的翻译 （1）as…as 这口钟大约有三个人那么高。（2003） （2）数字+times as +形原型+as +比较对象。 太阳的大小是地球的33万倍。 This year the factory spends five times as much money in developing new products as it did five years ago. (08) （3）数字+times + 形比较级+than X是Y的15倍。 游泳池里的水是以前的两倍。（07 英） （4）increase to\ by

十年专八翻译真题附答案

2013汉译英 生活像一杯红酒，热爱生活的人会从中品出无穷的美妙。Life is like a cup of wine；people who love it discover inexhaustible wonders from it. 将它握在手中观察，它的暗红有血的感觉，那正是生命的痕迹。Hold in the hand and gaze at it，the dark red color is reminiscent of the blood，which is the impress of life.抿一口留在口中回味，它的甘甜有一丝苦涩，如人生一般复杂迷离。Take a sip of it and appreciate the taste，the bittersweet flavor is exactly the same with life，which is complicated and blurred. 喝一口下肚，余香润人心肺，让人终受益。Once the sip is swallowed，the lingering fragrance pleases the heart and refreshes the mind，leaving a person lifelong benefit. 红酒越陈越美味，生活越丰富越美好。There was a remarkable resemblance between life and wine：the taste becomes more delicious as the wine mellows，just as life gets better as it becomes more abundant. 当人生走向晚年，就如一瓶待开封的好酒，其色彩是沉静的，味道中充满慷慨于智慧。 When life comes to twilight years，it looks calm and tastes full of wisdom and generosity，just like a bottle of wine to be savored. 英译汉 联合国代表大会，中心政治论坛，由193个成员国组成，几乎包括世界上所有国家，其中三分之二的国家为发展中国家，占世界总人口的四分之三。通过决议非常困难，尤其是所有惯例决出的协议必须达成一致才能通过。结果就是，重要的协议总是被狭隘的特殊利益所挟持，并且大部分协议都只是用来使自己的利益最大化。但真正的问题是世界上主要国.是否愿意看到民主最大限度地开展。联合国安理会，负责和平和安全，处理最重要的政治问题。安理会只有15个成员国，所以能经常性地应付危机。它曾一度由于冷战对立而停摆，但已经重新获得了联合国宪章给予的权利。 2012汉译英 痛苦纠聚心中，眉心发烫发热，胸口郁闷难展，胃里一股气冲喉而上。院长说这孩子发育迟缓时，她更是心头无绪。她在孩子所待的房里来回踱步，这房里还有其他小孩。整个房间只有一扇窗，窗外树影婆娑。就让孩子留下来吧，这里有善心的神父和修女，这里将来会扩充为有医疗作用的看护中心，这是留住孩子最好的地方。这孩子是她的秘密，她将秘密留在这树林掩映的建筑里。 Tortured by the pains gathering in her heart, she felt something was burning between her eyebrows. Her chest was brimmed with depression which was likely to run out of her throat at any moment. She could not think clearly any longer when the headmaster told her that the child suffered from developmental retardation. She strode up and down in the room where her child stayed with other pals. There was only one window in the room, out of which some shady trees were whispering. ―Just leave it here‖, she told herself, ―This is the best choice by far, for there are kind priests and nuns in this place which may also be renovated into a Medicare center‖. The chi ld was her secret which would be kept in the buildings behind the woods. 英译汉But such policies seem instead to have created the conditions for even more campus violence. Some college students who previously drank in bars and lounges under the watchful supervision of bouncers(夜总会，就把等保安人员)（not to mention owners eager to keep their liquor licenses）now retreat to the sanctuary of their fraternity houses and apartments, where they no longer control their behavior their drinking. The boomerang effect has also played a role in attempts to reduce the availability of illicit drugs. During recent years, the federal government has been quite successful in reducing the supply of street drugs. As fields are burned and contraband(违禁品) confiscated, the price of street drugs has skyrocketed to a point where cheap alternatives have begun to compete in the marketplace. Unfortunately, the cheap alternatives are even more harmful than the illicit drugs they replace. 然而上述政策反而引发了更多的校园暴力。一些大学生先前在夜总会的酒吧买醉，处于保安人员严密的监控之下(酒吧老板们为了保住自己卖酒的牌照也不会允许过激的事情发生)。现在，大学生们躲到他们互助会会所和公寓中酗酒,对自己饮酒的 数量或行为都不再控制。政府在打击非法毒品方面采取的措施同样适得其反。近年来,联邦政府已经有效地抑制了街头毒品买卖。警方捣毁了很多毒品种植地，没收了违禁品，导致毒品的价格暴涨，那些便宜的替代品因此也有了竞争力。糟糕的是，那些便宜的替换品带来的危害甚至比他们所替代的毒品更大。 2011：汉译英原文现代社会无论价值观的持有还是生活方式的选择都充满了矛盾。而最让现代人感到尴尬的是，面对重重矛