b6u1_语法：虚拟语气导学案

高三语法专题：虚拟语气复习

一. 语气的分类

1.I went to the theatre yesterday.

2.Don’t touch anything on the table until the bell rings.

3.

If I were you,I would not leave her alone.

Our teacher suggested that we go to the library this afternoon

二．虚拟语气表示说话者的愿望、假设、怀疑或推测，所说的话或与现在事实，或与，或与事实相反，它通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。我们现在就以下面这两个句子为例来迈入虚拟语气的大门。

1. He is busy now. If he were free, he would go with you.

2. I wish I could go to the movie with you tonight, but I have to finish my homework then. [寻规找矩] 请观察下列几组句子，特别要注意其中谓语动词的不同形式。

a. If I were you, I would accept the invitation and attend the meeting.

b. If he studied harder, he would pass all the examinations.

c. If he had caught the plane, he would have died in the crash.

d. If you were to /should come/came tomorrow, you could see him.

Summary

If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now.

If Lily _________ (lose) her necklace last night, she _________(not be) so upset now.

2 含蓄虚拟条件句（Without , but for , otherwise, or, but ）

要是没有你的帮助，我们就不会取得这么大的进步。

_____________________________________________________

We didn’t know you were in trouble at that time，otherwise we__________ you a hand. （give）

我们当时不知道你遇到了困难，要不然我们会帮助你的。

3 在书面语中，如果虚拟条件句中有were，had或should，可以把if省略，把这几个词置于主语前，构成倒装。注意were it not for , had it not been for否定倒装形式。

If you had come earlier, you would have met her.(改为倒装句)____________________________________________________

If it should/ were to rain tomorrow，the sports meeting would be put off. (改为倒装句)

If it had not been for your help, we wouldn’t live happily now.

__________________________________________________________

●比较if only与only if

__________________________________________________________

I wake up _______ the alarm clock rings.

_______the alarm clock had rung.

合时，要用虚拟语气。

He behaves as if he owned the house.

She talks about Rome as though she had been there himself.

He treats me as if I were a stranger.

He is talking all the time as if he would never stop

S+v. as if /as though S +

注意：( )

Look! The clouds are gathering . It seems as if it (rain).

4.would rather + clause 意思：

I would rather you (stay) home now.

I would rather you (come) tomorrow.

I would rather you (tell) me about the sad news.

Who would you rather_____(go) with you?

Who would you rather have____(go) with you?

5.”should” + V.原形的虚拟结构。

（1）下列动词的宾语从句用”should” + V.原形的虚拟结构

注意：suggest His accent suggests that he (be)from the south.

insist He sisisted that he (steal ) the wallet.

●判断改错：

（）Your pale face suggests that you（should）be ill.

（）Your pale face suggests that you are ill.

（）I insisted that you（should）be wrong.

（）I insisted that you were wrong.

（2）It is +necessary\important\strange\natural\desired...that+clause It’s desired that he (should) get everything ready by tonight.

6.It’s (high) time (that)+clause 意思：

It’s (high) time (that) we should end\ ended the debate.

[即学即练]

I. 用括号内所给动词的适当形式完成下列句子。

1. I failed the exam. How I wish I ______ (remember) all those English words before the test!

2. If I ______ (be) ten years younger, I would accept the offer and do the job.

3. We wish we ______ (live) on the moon in the future.

4. I don’t know the word. If I ______ (know) the meaning of it, I wouldn’t have to look it up.

5.If he (come), what we (say )to him？

6.If you (ask ) him yesterday, you (know)what to do now.

7.I wish/wished I (eat)so much watermelon.

8.I’d rather you (go) tomorrow.

9. It was the first time that they had met, but to everyone’s surprise , they talked as if they (be)friends for many years.

10.Without electricity，human life (be) quite different today.

7. 比较：真实条件句 : 真实条件句用于陈述语气, 假设的情况可能发生, 其中if 是如果的意思。时态关系: 句型: 条件从句主句

一般现在时shall/will + 动词原形

1. If he (come), he (bring) his violin.

2. The volleyball match will be put off if it ___.

A. will rain

B. rains

C. rained

D. is rained

完成句子专练

1.Luckily a large company agreed to sponsor us, without which our work

(stop)幸亏—家大公司同意赞助我们，否则我们的工作就会停止了。

2. If the amount of vitamin D in the milk the demand of the babies, they

would have fallen ill then. (adequate)

如果牛奶中维生素D的含量不能满足婴儿的需要，婴儿那时早生病了。

3. I would meet such a big trouble, I might not live here now. （know）

如果我早知道我会遇到这么大的麻烦，我可能现在就不会住在这里了。

4. Had local leaders had enough vision and showed respect for cultural heritage, many more

sites o f historical interest now. (stand)

如果当地的领导有足够的远见并且尊重文化遗产，更多的历史古迹至今仍会存在。

5. But for you timely encouragement, I after going through so much difficulty. (lose)要不是你及时鼓励，经历这么多的困难之后我早就灰心了。

6. Tom came late again. Otherwise, we earlier and left earlier. (finish)

汤姆又来晚了，否则我们就能早些完成工作早些离开了。

7. Though the couple quarrel a lot, I’d rathe r their marriage _. (break)

虽然他们两口子经常吵架，我但愿他们的婚姻不会破裂。

8. He is already over thirty. It’s about time that a wife and settled down. (find)

他已经过了三十岁了。是时候该他给自己找个老婆安定下来了。

9. Our city government has approved the proposal that the new traffic regulations

from January 1,2015．（carry）

市政府已经批准了从2015年元月1日实施新的交通法规的提议。

10. Without the flood in the village ten years ago, the group of youth s a

happy life with their parents during their childhood. (lead)

如果不是因为十年前村子里的那场洪水，这群青年人本来能够与父母一起过着幸福的童年生活。

11. They set off for the destination too late; otherwise they in the storm.（stuck）

他们出发去那个目的地太晚了，不然的话，就不会困在暴风雨中了。

12. I failed my driving test. If only I the chance. (seize)

我考驾照失败了，要是我抓住了这次机会多好啊！

13. Owing to the guard's carelessness, the thief was lucky to escape, -otherwise

he stealing so many valuable things. (get)

由于保安的疏忽大意小偷侥幸逃脱，否则的话他不可能偷走那么多贵重物品。

高中英语语法虚拟语气教学设计

高中英语语法虚拟语气 教学设计 集团档案编码：[YTTR-YTPT28-YTNTL98-UYTYNN08]

高中英语语法虚拟语气教学：The subjunctive mood 厦门第十中学吕瑞珠 一、概述 本节课是高中英语语法教学课，授课内容为虚拟语气，授课对象是高三年学生。从呈现、加深记忆、巩固到实践并将语言项目运用于写作中并做适当的点评，大概需要两课时。但我这里着重阐述的是第一课时的教学内容、教学策略等。 通过本节语法教学课的学习，学生重新整合自己的有关虚拟语气的知识，复习已知的虚拟语气的表达形式如：I wish I could fly freely in the sky like a bird; It is high that you got up.等等，并学习新的表达形式如：The English teacher suggested that we should read the English newspaper every day; I would have passed the English exam if I had worker harder in the past 20 days.最为重要的是，学生在学习完虚拟语气的表达形式后，要在写作中运用。 虚拟语气在高中英语语法的难点之一，多数学生感到费解，因此也更需要老师的指导与相应的实践与运用，并且较好地掌握虚拟语气的表达形式，有助于扫除学生阅读过程中对个别句子的理解。 二、教学目标分析 1．知识与技能 1）复习学生已掌握的虚拟语气表达的句型： I wish I were… / I could … It is high time that you did your homework.. If I were you, I would… 2) 学习虚拟语气新的表达方式，尤其是if引导的虚拟条件状语从句，掌握与现在事实、与过去事实、与将来事实相反的三种虚拟语气的表达，特别是主句与从句时态的呈现；还有引导出的宾语从句需要运用虚拟语气的动词，如suggest, insist, propose, demand and so on. 3）培养学生运用所学知识表达自己的思想的能力。 2．过程与方法 1）引导学生在欣赏英文歌曲An Angel的情景教学过程中，开启对虚拟语气表达已有的知识记忆。

虚拟语气导学案及答案

M6 U3 Grammar Unreal conditionals 虚拟语气 【知识准备】英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气三类。虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，而不表示客观存在的事实，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。 条件状语从句分类 条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。 eg： 1. If he doesn't hurry up,he will miss the bus. 2.If he is free,he will ask me to tell stories. 3.If I were you,I would go at once. 4.If there were no air,people would die. 以上四句中和是真实语气；和是虚拟语气 【自主探究】一、状语从句中的虚拟语气 (一) if 引导的条件状语从句 1 If I had time, I would attend the meeting. 2. If I were you, I should seize the opportunity to go abroad. 3. If you had taken my advice, you would not have failed in the exams. 4. If he had come earlier, he wouldn’t have missed the first bus. 5 If the headmaster came tomorrow, we would have the meeting. 6 If it were to rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put off. 7 If he should make a mistake, you should not blame him. 与现在事实相反与过去事实相反 与将来事实相反 感悟：与现在事实相反 1. If I were a doctor, I might save her life without hesitation. 2. If I stayed at home now, I could play computer games. 总结形式： 时态if条件从句主句 与现在事实相反 练一练：If I were …____________________________________ If I had time …, _____________________________________ 译一译: 1.要是他现在在这儿，我们就会问他关于这件事。 _______________________________________________ 2.即使她现在在这儿，她也不能解决这个问题。 _______________________________________________ 感悟：与过去事实相反 1. If I had earned a lot of money last year, I would have bought a car. 2. If the earthquake hadn’t happened in Wen chuan in 2008, many people wouldn’t have lost

(完整版)虚拟语气的用法及专项练习题[1]

虚拟语气的用法及专项练习题 虚拟语气表示一种假设的情况，或一种主观的愿望，即动词所表示的动 作或状态并非事实，或不可能实现。英语虚拟语气的形式有下列几种： 一.虚拟语气用于条件状语从句 注意:主句中的should 通常用于第一人称,would 可用于任何人称,同时 也可根据意思用情态动词could,might 等代替should,would 。 If I were you, I would give up drinking immediately. country. 3.与将来事实相反 If it were to/should rain tomorrow,the meeting would be put off. If you went there next time, you would see what I mean. 4.错综时间虚拟语气 当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,动 词的形式要根据它所表示的时间来调整。例如: If I were you, I would have gone home.

If you had followed the doctor's advice,you would be quite all right now.(从句说的是过去,主句指的是现在。) If the weather had been more favorable ,the crops would be growing still better. 状语从句 1. 方式状语as if(as though) 如果从句表示与现在事实相反,谓语动词用一般过去时;表示与过去事实相反,谓语动词用"had+过去分词";表示与将来事实相反,谓语动词用"would(might,could)+动词原形"。例如: He looks at me as if I were mad. He spoke English so fluently as if he had studied English in England. 但as if(as though)后的从句也常用陈述语气,这是因为从句中的情况往往是可能发生的或可能被设想为真实的。例如: It looks as if our side is going to win. 2.目的状语in order that,so that 从句谓语动词用" may/might,can/could)+动词原形"。例如: She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wanted. 3. 连词引导的条件状语从句: in case , unless ,supposing ,providing,on condition that从句谓语动词用(should)或" might, could)+动词原形"。 4. 连词引导的步状语从句: lest ,for fear that等 We hid behind some bushes for fear that passer-by should see us. 二.虚拟语气用于宾语从句 注意：在此结构中that不可省略；should省不省均可。 He suggested that they (should ) stop smoking. They demanded that the black people should be treated as well as white people. 如果that 引导的从句所表达的内容是事实，也可用陈述语气。 He insists that he is right.

高三年级英语语法-虚拟语气全总结

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同等学力英语语法专项复习虚拟语气

2013年同等学力英语语法专项复习：虚拟语气 一、总述 虚拟语气（subjunctive mood ）用来表示说话人的愿望、请求、意图、建议、怀疑、设想等未能或不可能成为事实的情况，以及在说话人看来实现可能性很小的情况。由于虚拟语气是动词的一种特殊表现形式，因而动词的变化形式体现出虚拟语气所包含的不同含义。虚拟语气用于非真实条件句时的构成如下表所述： 二、重要考点 1. 在非真实条件句中，有时从句的动词所表示的动作和主句的动词所表示的动作并不同时发生，这样的条件句中使用的虚拟式称为混合虚拟式。其构成视具体情况而定。例如： If I had taken my raincoat when I came out this morning, I would not be wet now. If I were you, I wouldn’t have missed the film last night. 2. 引导非真实条件从句的连词if 在正式文体中有时可以省去, were、had、should 等非行为动词这时应提到从句句首。 例如： If I were you, I wouldn’t feel sorry. →Were I you, I wouldn’t feel sorry. 3. 有些句子从表层结构上看是无if 引导的非真实条件句，但从深层意思上看if 是存在的。这种情况下主句动词仍需用虚拟式。这类句子中常出现without （如果没有），but for （要不是），otherwise （否则），but that （若不，后接一从句）等词或词组。例如： But for your help, they couldn’t have succeeded. She wasn’t feeling well. Otherwise，she wouldn’t have left the meeting so early. 4. 在It is + 形容词 + that 从句的句型中，that 引导的主语从句中的谓语动词采用should + 动词原形形式，其中should 常省略。可用于此句型的形容词还有：absurd, advisable, better, best, desirable, (un)fair, fortunate, good, imperative, important, incredible, just, natural, (un) necessary, odd, pleasant, possible, preferable, right, ridiculous, sad, silly, unusual, urgent, vital, wrong 等，表示必要、应该、建议、要求、惊讶、不相信等含义。例如： It’s necessary that we (should) set out at once. It’s proposed that a committee (should) be set up to look into the matter. 5. 具有“提议、建议、请求、命令”等含义的动词所带的从句（包括宾语从句和主语从句）中，谓语动词用should + 动 词原形形式。美国英语多用动词原形，英国英语多用should + 动词原形。有相同用法的动词还有：ask, advise, agree, arrange, beg, command, decide, demand, desire, determine, direct, instruct, insist, intend, maintain, move, order, persuade, pray, propose, recommend, request, require, stipulate, suggest, tell, urge。如： I suggest that we (should) go camping tomorrow. He insisted that our laboratory reports (should) be handed in

高中英语优质课课件-虚拟语气 学案

Unit 2 Poems Grammar Subjunctive MoodⅡ 【学习目标】 1.理解和掌握if条件状语句中表示与过去客观事实相反的假设的虚拟语气； 2.掌握虚拟语气在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中的运用。 【重点与难点】 虚拟语气在不同从句中的谓语动词形式和意义。 【学法指导】 通过不同类型从句中的谓语动词形式，掌握虚拟语气的形式和意义。 预习案Previewing Case 【巩固复习】虚拟语气在if引导的条件状语从句中的运用。 [观察]阅读下面4个句子，注意观察每句的if从句和主句的谓语动词形式，指出其表达什么语气和意思。 ① If it_____ ( be )fine now, I ________ (go) shopping. ② If everyone _______(live) a low-carbon life now, the earth ___________(be) saved. ③ If it ______________________(be) Christmas Day tomorrow, I _____________(get) some gifts. ④If you _______________________(get) a full mark next time, I _____________ (treat) you to candies. [发现] 1. 上述①②句中的if条件状语从句表示与_________客观事实相反的假设； 2. 上述③④⑤句中的if条件状语从句表示与_________客观事实相反的假设。 [总结] 1.如果if条件状语从句表示与现在客观事实相反的假设，从句的谓语动词形式用_________或_________,主句的谓语动词形式用情态动词_______/_______/_______/________+动词原形； 2. 如果if条件状语从句表示与将来客观事实相反的假设，从句的谓语动词形式用_________或_________或_________,主句的谓语动词形式用情态动词_____/_____/_____/________+动词原形。 探究案Exploring Case 【探究一】虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中还可表示与过去客观事实相反的假设。 [填空] 听录音给诗歌填空。 We w ould have won… if Jack had scored that goal, if we’d had just a few more minutes, if we _____________________

虚拟语气的用法及经典练习题(附答案)

虚拟语气
概念
虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，而不表示客观存在的事实，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。虚拟语气通 过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气三类。
应用条件 在表示虚假的、与事实相反的或难以实现的情况时用虚拟语气，表示主观愿望或某种强 烈情感时，也用虚拟语气。即当一个人 说话时欲强调其所说的话是基于自己的主观想法，而不是根据客观实际，就用虚拟语气。 在非真实条件状语从句中的用法 真实条件状语从句与非真实条件状语从句 条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设或实际可能性不大的情况，故 采用虚拟语气。 例： If he doesn’t hurry up, he will miss the bus. 如果他不快点，他将错过巴士。 ( 真实 ) If he is free, he will ask me to tell stories. 如果他是空闲的，他会要求我讲故事。 （真实） If I were you, I would go at once. 如果我是你，我马上就会去。 （非真实，虚拟语气） If there were no air, people would die. 如果没有空气，人就会死亡。 （非真实，虚拟语气） 用法及动词形式
从句
主句
If+ 主语 +did 与现在事实相反 （ be 动 词 were ）
主语 +should/would/ could/might+do
主语 +should/would/ 与过去事实相反 If+ 主语 +had done could/might+have done
1.If+ 主语 +did 主语 +should/would/ 与将来事实相反 2.If+ 主语 +were to could/might+do 3.If+ 主语 +should 例句： 1 、表示与现在事实相反的情况： 例： 1. If I were you, I would take an umbrella. 如果我是你，我会带把伞。 （事实：我不可能是你） 如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。 （事实：不知道） 1 2.If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you.

高中英语语法(虚拟语气)

Unit13虚拟语气专题讲解 【知识要点】 语气（mood）是一种动词形式，用以表示说话者的意图或态度。 英语有三种语气： ＊直陈语气（indicative mood）---- 事实 France lies to the east of England. ＊祈使语气（imperative mood）---- 请求、命令 Make yourself at home. ＊虚拟语气（subjunctive mood） If there were no air and water , we should not be able to live on the earth. 虚拟语气表示说话人的一种主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件而不一定是事实，或与事实相反。 一. 虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的用法 假设类型条件从句谓语 动词形式 主语谓语 动词形式 与现在事实相反动词的过去式(be用were而不用was) should/ would /could/ might+动词原形 与过去事实相反had + 过去分词 should/ would/could /might + have+过去分词 与将来事实相反1.should+动词原形 2.动词过去式 3.were to+动词原形 should/ would/ could/ might +动词原形 1. 在错综条件句子中，虚拟条件从句和主句动作发生的时间不一致，因此，主句和从句的谓语动词应根据所指的时间选用适当的虚拟语气形式。 1）If I were you，I wouldn't have missed the film last night． 2）If he had followed the doctor's advice，he would recover already．（从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。） 2、在if虚拟条件句中，有时可把连词省去，采用倒装语序把谓语动词were或助动词did，had，should 移到句 首构成非真实条件从句的另一种句型，其意思不变。 1）Had we time to spare，we would be glad to go to the park． 2）Were it not for the discovery of electricity，the modern world would experience great inconvenience． 3、有时假设的情况不用if引导虚拟条件从句来表述，而用介词（如without， but for等）引出的短语、分词 （如supposing等）引出的短语、并列连词（如or，otherwise，but，though等）、由动词suppose引出的祈使句或通过上下文的意思来表达。此时句中谓语动词仍采用虚拟语气的相应形式。 1）But for your advice，I would not be able to do this work． 2）Victor obviously doesn't know what's happened，otherwise he wouldn't have made such a stupid remark．。

高三英语语法复习---虚拟语气导学案(无答案)

虚拟语气 虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。 Ⅰ.虚拟语气在条件句中的用法 if从句主句 与现在事实相反if＋主语＋动词过去式主语＋should/would/could/might＋动词原形 与过去事实相反If ＋主语＋had＋过去分词主语＋should/would/could/might＋have＋过去分词 与将来事实相反(1) if＋主语＋动词过去式主语＋should/would/could/ might＋动词原形 (2)if＋主语＋were to＋动词原形 (3) if＋主语＋should＋动词原形 如果明天下雨的话，我就不开车了。(明天的情况还不知道) _________________________________________ 如果我及时做的话，日子就好过多了。(可惜当时没能及时做) _________________________________________ 注意： 当条件从句的行为与主句所表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，主从句中动词的形式要根据它所标示的时间作出相应的调整，这就是所谓的“错综条件虚拟语气”。如： If they had studied hard, _________________ now. 如果他们以前努力学习的话，现在干得就会容易些了。 If ____________________ then , he wouldn't do it much better like this. 如果他当时不听我的建议，他就不会干得这么好了。 (4) 在条件句中，如果有were, had, should等，则可省略if，但应注意把were, had, should等提到从句主语之前。 如：如果他来，我将和他一道参加讨论。 __________________________________________________________________(5) 有些虚拟条件句没有从句，虚拟条件句是通过上下文或介词短语表示出来的，如：but for, without otherwise。 But for air and water, there would be no life on the earth. 要是没有空气和水，地球上就没有生命。(介词短语but for提供了虚拟条件) 要是没有你的帮助，我不能有这样的成绩。 Without your help, ____________________. 2．虚拟语气在wish从句中的用法 宾语从句愿望 I wish 主语＋动词过去式现在不能实现的愿望 主语＋had＋过去分词过去不能实现的愿望 主语＋would/might＋动词原形将来不能实现的愿望 I wish _______________. 我希望我是个医生就好了。(现在) I wish t_____________________. 我希望我能帮助你。(将来) I wish _______________________.我希望我没有伤害过他。 3．虚拟语气在名词性从句中的使用 (1) 在insist；command，order；demand，request，require，desire；advise, propose, suggest，recommend等表示“命令、要求、建议”的动词后接的宾语从句中要使用虚拟语气。如：He suggests that she _________________ at once. 他要她立刻离开这所房子。 He proposed that _________________________ by the view of development. 他建议我们应该用发展的眼光处理这个问题。 (2) 与上述动词相对应的名词suggestion, order, demand , proposal 等后的表语从句、同位语从句中也要使用虚拟语气(should可省略)。如： My proposal is that we (should) set a deadline for handing in the plan. 我的建议是为这个计划设定一个上交的期限。

虚拟语气的用法及经典练习题(附答案)

虚拟语气 概念 虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，而不表示客观存在的事实，所说的是一个条件, 不一定是事实，或与事实相反。虚拟i吾气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气三类。 应用条件 在表示虚假的、与事实相反的或难以实现的情况时用虚拟语气，表示主观愿望或某种强烈情感时，也用虚拟语气。即当一个人说话时欲强调其所说的话是基于自己的主观想法，而不是根据客观实际，就用虚拟语气。 在非真实条件状语从句中的用法 真实条件状语从句与非真实条件状语从句 条件句可分为两类，一类为.真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。 例：If he doesn' t hurry up, he will miss the bus.如果他不快点，他将错过巴士。（真实）If he is free, he v/ill ask me to tell stories.如果他是空闲的，他会要求我讲故事。（真实）If I v/ere you, I would go at once.如果我是你，我马上就会去。（非真实，虚拟语气）If there were no air, people v/ould die.如果没有空气，人就会死亡。（非真实，虚拟语气）

例句： 1、表示与现在事实相反的情况：例：1. If I were you, I would take an umbrella. 如果我是你，我会带把伞。（事实：我不可能是你）2.If I knew his telephone number, I v/ould tell you, 如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。 （事实：不知道） 3.If there were no air or v/ater, there v/ould be no living things on the earth. 如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。（事实：地球上既有空 气也有水）4.If I had any money with me, I could lend you some. 如果我带钱了，我就会借给你些。（事实：没带钱） 5.If he studied harder, he might pass the exam. 如果他再努力些，就能通过考试了。（事实：没有努力）2、表示与过去事实相反的情况例：1. If I had gotten there earlier, I should/could have met her.如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。（事实：去晚了） 2.If he had taken my advice, he v/ould not have made such a mistake,如果他听我的劝告的话，就不会犯这样的错误了。（事实：没有听我的话） 3、表示对将来情况的主观推测，与将来事实相反例：1.lf he should come here tomorrow, I should/v/ould talk to him. 如果他哪天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。（事实：来的可能性很小） 2.If there v/ere a heavy snow next Sunday, we would not go skating. 如果下周日下大雪，我们就不能去滑冰了。（事实：不知能 否下雪） 3.If she v/ere to be there next Monday, I would tell her about the matter. 如果她下周一来这儿的话，我就会告诉她这件事的始末。 4、有时，虚拟条件句中，结果主句和条件从句的谓语动作若不是同时发生时，虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整， ①从句的动作与过去事实相反，而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。 如：If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too. 如果我在学校学习刻苦的话，我现在也会成为一个工程师了If they had informed us, v/e would not come here now. 如果他们通知过我们的话，我们现在就不会来这里了。 ②从句的动作与现在事实相反，而主句的动作与过去事实不符。如：If he

(完整)高中英语语法虚拟语气讲解

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英语语法专项：虚拟语气用法详解及练习(附答案)

虚拟语气用法详解 一、条件句中的虚拟语气 1. 条件句中虚拟语气的形式 从句中提出一种与客观现实不相符或根本不可能存在的条件，主句会产生的一种不可能获得的结果。条件句中 的虚拟语气根据不同的时间有三种不同的形式。 2. 条件句中的虚拟语气的举例 (1) 将来时的条件句中的虚拟语气。如： If he should go to Qing Hua University, he would make full use of his time. 如果他要上清华大学的话，他就会充分 利用他的时间了。 If he were to come here, he would tell us about it. 如果他要来的话，他会通知我们一声。 (2) 现在时的条件句中的虚拟语气。如： If he were free, he would help us. 要是他有空的话，它会帮助我们的。 If he studied at this school, he would know you well. 如果他在这所学校学习的话，它会对你很熟悉。 (3) 过去时的条件句中的虚拟语气。如： If I had seen the film, I would have told you about it. 我如果看过这场电影，我会把电影内容告诉你了。 If I had got there earlier, I would have met Mr. Li. 如果我早点到那儿，我就会会到了李先生。 3. 运用条件句中的虚拟语气时，须注意的几个问题 (1) 当从句的主语为第三人称单数时，谓语动词若是系动词be 时，可用was 代替were。但在倒装虚拟结构及if I were you, as it were 中，只能用were。如： Were I ten years younger, I would study abroad. 要是我还年轻十岁的话，我会去国外学习。 If I were you, I would try my best to grasp the chance. 要是我是你的话，我要尽力抓住这次机会。 (2) 有时，虚拟条件句中，主、从句的动作若不是同时发生时，须区别对待。①从句的动作与过去事实相反，而主句的动 作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。如： If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too. 如果我在学校学习刻苦的话，我现在也会使工程师了 If they had informed us, we would not come here now. 如果他们通知过我们的话，我们现在就不会来这里了。

虚拟语气的特殊用法学案

虚拟语气的特殊用法 一、混合式虚拟语气 条件从句中的动词所表示的动作和主句动词所表示的动作发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式决定于要表示的具体时间。 使用混合式虚拟语气时,注意要抓住主从句中时间的象征性词汇（如now, yesterday 等）来确定是与哪种事实相反，然后再根据主从句中谓语动词的构成来确定。 If you had spoken to him yesterday, you would know what to do now. 如果你昨天对他讲的话，你现在就知道怎么做了。 If the boy hadn't been saved this afternoon, his family would not be in peace now. 如果那个男孩今天下午没有被救，他的家现在就不会如此安宁。 You would be much better now if you had taken my advice. 假如你接受了我的意见，你现在就会好得多。 二、含蓄条件句 含蓄虚拟条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。常用来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有： 1.介词或介词短语，如but for(要不是……), without, in case of, under more favourable conditions（在更有利的条件下）等取代了if引导的条件状语从句。 Without air, there would be no life on the earth. 要是没有空气，地球上就不会有生命了。 He would have failed but for.his teacher's timely advice =if it had not been for his teacher's timely advice 如果没有老师及时的建议的话，他可能失败了。 We could have done the work better in that case. 要是那样的话，我们本可以把工作干得更好一些的。 We could have done better under more favourable conditions. 在更有利的条件下，我们还可以做得更好些。 2. 用but that+从句（要不是，若非），otherwise, or, but 等分句来代替if引导的条件状语从句。 But that he saw i t with his own eyes, he couldn’t have believed it. 要不是亲眼所见，她不可能相信这事的。（从句用陈述语气，主句用虚拟语气） He would have come to see you yesterday morning but he had an important meeting to attend.他昨天上午就会来看你了，可他有个重要的会议要参加。（主句用虚拟语气，分句用陈述语气） I was ill that day. Otherwise/ or I would have taken part in your birthday party. （本句省略的条件句为If I hadn’t been ill that day.）（如果那天我没生病的话）我那天生病了，否则我就参加你的生日聚会了。 1. If you _____________(follow) my advice yesterday, you _____________(be) better now.

高考英语语法难点：虚拟语气

虚拟语气(the subjunctive mood,又称假设语气,是谓语动词的一种形式,表示说话人叙述的内容与事实相反,在现实中并不存在,或实现的可能性很小。 一、动词的语气 语气用来区别讲话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。英语中的语气(mood有三种,分别是陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。 1.陈述语气 陈述语气一般用来叙述事实或就事实提出询问,主要用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。 Where there is a will, there's a way. 有志者事竟成。 Can you help me carry the box upstairs 你能帮我把箱子搬到楼上吗? How I missed the life in the countryside! 我多么想念乡村的生活啊! 2.祈使语气 祈使语气表示说话人向对方提出请求或下达命令。 Come this way,please! 请这边走。 Don't make any noise, will you 别吵,行吗? Do be careful when crossing the street. 过马路时一定要小心。 3.虚拟语气 虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实,而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。 If I were a bird, I could fly in the air. 如果我是一只小鸟,我就能在空中飞行。 I wish it were spring all the year round. 但愿四季如春。 May good luck be yours! 祝你好运! 二、条件句中的虚拟语气 英语中条件从句有两类,一类是真实条件句,另一类是非真实条件句。如果假设的情况可能发生,是真实条件句;如果假设的情况是不存在的或不大可能发生的,则是虚拟条件句。 A.真实条件句 真实条件句表示的假设是可能发生或实现的,主句和从句的谓语动词都要用陈述语气。 If he doesn't come at 8, we won't wait for him. 如果他八点不来,我们就不等他了。 If a flood happened in the past, there was usually a great loss of life and property.过去发生洪水的话,常有很大的生命和财产损失。 We shall go there unless it rains tomorrow. 如果明天不下雨,我们将去那里。 I'll let you use my bike on condition that you keep it clean. 如果你能保持车子干净,我就让你用我的自行车。 B.非真实条件句 在含有非真实条件句的复合句中,主句和从句的谓语动词都要用虚拟语气,其构成有三种形式: 与现在事实相反if条件句的谓语:were did