【科技类】大作文教材

雅思大作文高级教材——科技类

一、话题简介

随着科技越来越发达，科技文在雅思作文考的频率也越来越频繁，话题涵盖科技产品的发明以及对人们生活、生产方式和生活习惯的影响，如二十一世纪最伟大的发明是什么，电脑是否能取代书籍成为传播和教育的工具，网络购物的利弊，机器人能否取代人及其利弊，科技发展是否拉大了贫富差距，科技对人与人之间的关系的影响是正面多于负面还是相反，试管婴儿、器官移植和用动物做实验是否人道，科技发展是否带来道德滑坡，远程办公的利弊，和私家车普及的优劣分析。科技发展的正负影响都有，考生倾向于哪方面不是问题的关键，而是论述的方式，辩证地看待分析问题才是考官看重的。

最常见的话题类型有两种：

1、科技产品评价及未来发展

即“科技产品怎么样，以后会怎么样”的问题；具体包括对现有科技产品的评价（优劣势分析、是否合乎道德标准和对个人、企业、国家以及整个社会的影响）和自己预想以后会出现什么样的产品或现有产品会出现什么样的功能以及未来的影响。

2、科技产品作为媒介

即“怎么用”的问题；具体包括现代通讯技术使人类足不出户便能操作网络购物、电视购物、网上银行、视频会议等，人类使用手机的利弊，互联网传播信息的好处与弊端，网上翻译软件盛行因此还没有学习外语的必要。

二、科技类话题分类及思路拓展方法

1）科技产品评价及未来发展

例题：Do you agree that modern technology has given us more leisure time than

before?

思路分析：主体分析法

1）立场是：现代科技是人更为忙碌、空闲时间更少。

●科技也加快了我们的生活和工作节奏，人们面临更大的压力，需要不断地接受教育和培

训。Accelerate，increasing

●现代科技创造了很多琳琅满目的新产品，人们需要更加努力才能买得起。

●科技缩短了全球时空距离，使得全球合作成为可能，人们需要加班才能弥补时差进行跨

国合作。Globe globalization；work overtime

2）立场是：科技使我们的生活更便捷，空闲时间增多

●现代通讯技术的发明使得我们的生活更为便捷、舒服，科技产品代替了人力，节省了我

们的时间。Supersede，economize。Less Time-consuming adj.

●飞机、汽车和铁路的普及大大减少了我们在路上的奔波时间。

●电脑等设备让人能够更高效地工作，效率加快，空闲时间增多。

练习：It is said that the fast pace of our everyday life, as a result of telecommunications technology and travel industry, has negative effects on individuals, nations and the globe. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 思路分析：主体分析法

移动电话、因特网和现代交通工具使人们的生活节奏加快，其主要原因是人们交流更加方便，而且旅行也变得更加便利、频繁。值得注意的是，很多考生可能会去考虑电讯科技和交通行业的发展对人类产生的影响，而事实上，本题考查的是生活节奏对人们产生的影响。负面影响：

●快节奏的生活使人与人之间的相互交流减少（personal interaction reduces),人们很

难保持和改善与朋友亲人的关系（hard to maintain and improve relations with friends and family members)，这对社会和家庭都是有害的（detrimental to family life or social relations within or outside ofwork)

●快节奏的生活易引起疾病（lifestyle diseases，such as obesity, stroke, diabetes,

heart diseases )

正面影响：

●提高了效率和生产力（boost efficiency and productivity）

●促进了信息交流和贸易往来(promote trade activity across the border)

●效率的提高使人们有更多的娱乐时间，生活更加丰富(leisure lives have been enriched)范文:

in telecommunications, people can make inquires by phone, instead of travelling long distances. Internet access makes it possible for one to perform various tasks without leaving their offices. Even though people have to travel every now and then for meeting business partners, visiting clients in other cities or other purposes, modem transport networks reduce the amount of time they spend on commutes.

In the past, social relationships were limited by physical factors such as geographical distance and low mobility, but nowadays，one can travel further and get acquainted with more people with those technological advances, such as the

railroad, the automobile and the telephone.

well-being，which is reflected in more quality family time, less travel-related stress and close contact with friends and family members. However, they might have to accept frequent intrusions as a by-product of convenient communication.

2）科技产品作为媒介

例题：It seems that with the increase in use of mobile phones and computers, fewer people prefer to write letters. Will the skill of writing disappear completely? (2015年3月28号写作真题Some people think that the increasing use of computers and mobile phones for communication has had a negative effect on young people's reading and writing skills.）

思路分析：主体分析法和分类法

1）写作技能不会消失的理由：

●在电脑上的收发电子邮件和使用手机收发短信都是信息交流的方式，和写信有异曲

同工之妙，都需要写信的技能

●都要注重写作的目的、用途、语气和场合

●都必须有逻辑地组织表达自己的想法

●都必须使用准确词汇，减少误会的可能性

2)写作技能会消失的理由：

●当今，人们不再注重写作的形式和技巧，只单纯地注重意思的表达，便捷迅速成为第一

位要求。

●手机、微信等现代通讯工具增加了人们口头交流，减少了写字的必要性。

练习：Many people think that public libraries should only provide books and should not waste their money on expensive hi-tech media, such as soft ware, DVDs or videos. Do you agree or disagree?

思路分析：主体分析法和分类法

电子书籍的好处：

●电子书籍占用空间小，更容易管理；

●电子书籍拷贝更容易，不会磨损；

●减少油墨、纸张和木材的消耗；

●电子书籍字体可以人为地调整；

●电子书籍不容易断货。

电子书籍的坏处：

●对眼睛的伤害大，眼睛容易疲劳；

●不方便携带，必须用U盘或其他电子设备携带，传统纸质书籍可以手提便于携带。

●需要借助于电源和辅助阅读工具

范文:

One of the main advantages of using computers or other hi-tech products is improving efficiency. By recording information of books such as titles, authors, dates of publishing, or even summaries in a computer system, e-library allows

readers to find books promptly. Likewise, librarians are more able to store, seek out and manage books. Moreover, with the central network connecting libraries throughout a country or worldwide, a library user can easily locate a book in a library wherever it is.

Meanwhile, one should note that e-books have become increasingly popular; increasing the likelihood that e-library will sooner or later take the place of a conventional library. Compared with paper books, e-books not only use much less space but also give readers more enjoyment in reading. For example, readers can customize their viewing experience easily by adjusting font, size and style of characters, accessing the books that have the same subject, and modifying screen contract, and so forth. E-books appeal to young users and children specifically because of its ability to demonstrate or explain a subject vividly via pictures, videos or even movies.

The importance of updating the facilities is therefore evident, but it should be stressed that the primary responsibility of libraries is to provide as many books as possible to the public. A good library is judged not by its extent to which its facilities are modernized, but by how much information it can supply. The more books the library can make available, the more visitors it can attract. At the international level, nearly every distinguished library gains its fame by providing a vast collection and a delicate selection of books.

三、常用词汇

1.Nuclear energy核能

2.Nuclear power核威力

3.Nuclear technology核技术

4.nuclear weapons 核武器

5.nuclear power stations / nuclear

plants核电站

6.pose a threat/ threats to sb/sth

给…带来威胁

7.pose risks to sb/sth 给…带来风险/

危险

8.industrialized country 工业化国家

9.developing country 发展中国家

10.radiation 辐射

11.leak v/n 泄露

12.explosion 爆炸

13.explode 爆炸

14.take safety precautions 采取安全预

防措施

15.cure diseases 治疗疾病

16.cancer 癌症17.apply A to B 把A应用于B上

18.cancerous cells 癌细胞

19.atomic power/energy 原子能

20.intelligent 智能的

21.free…from sth 把…从…中解放出来

22.free people from heavy workload

把人从繁忙的工作中解放出来

23.enhance working efficiency 增加工

作效率：

24.replace human beings to deal with

overload information 代替人类处理

过量的信息

25.create a sense of alienation among

individuals 造成人们之间的疏离

26.save a lot of human labor 节省人力

27.lead to a dramatic increase in

unemployment rate导致失业率剧升28.serve an increasingly vital part in

sth 在…中扮演越来越重要的作用29.robot 机器人

30.put sth into use 将…投入使用

31.via the internet 通过网络

32.face-to-face contact 面对面交流

33.click the buttons 点击键盘

34.surf the internet 上网

35.space travel 太空旅行

36.Boost/ promote economic

development 促进经济发展

37.Broaden one’s horizon 开阔眼界

38.Be beneficial to sth 对…有利

39.Make a big difference 有重大影响

40.Make progress 取得进步

41.Have great impacts/effects on 剧

烈地影响…

42.Do great harm to sth 对…造成损害

43.Natural disasters 自然灾害

44.Incurable diseases 绝症

45.Traffic congestion 交通拥堵

46.Have negative effects on sth 对…有

负面影响

47.Machinery 机器设备

48.Owe… to …把。。。归功于。。。49.Mechanization机械化

50.Pesticide residue 农药残留

51.Arable soil 耕地

52.Agricultural acreage 农田面积

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/ad9819726.html,nd degradation 土地退化

54.Soil erosion 土壤侵蚀

55.Post information on the internet 把

信息传到网上

56.Sb Benefit from….得益于

57.Benefit sb 使某人收益

58.Mobile phones 手机

59.Widen/ enlarge the gap between

rich and poor 扩大贫富差距

60.Sth be useful to sb 某物对某人很有

用

61.Cloning克隆

62.Mobile phones 手机

63.Automobiles 汽车

64.Telecommunications远程通信

65.Proliferation 增殖，扩散；分芽繁殖

66.Go extinct 灭绝

67.The widespread use of ….的广泛使

用

68.Biodiversity 生物多样性

69.Cutting-edge technology尖端的技

术

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/ad9819726.html,rmation explosion/ overload

信息爆炸

71.The information age/ era 信息时代

72.Technological innovations and

advance 科技创新及发展

73.Enhance/ boost/ augment

productivity 提高生产率

74.Automation/ automated自动化75.Biotechnology 生物技术

76.Space exploration/probe 太空探索

77.Ozone layer 臭氧层

78.Be less time-consuming and more

economical省钱又省时间的

79.Be more efficient and

cost-effective 省钱又省时间的

80.Foster/Stifle creativity/ imagination

培养/扼杀创造力、想象力

四、高分句型

1.The progression of the computer is inevitable and undeniable, but the danger

is that people are getting isolated and losing some social skills.

计算机的发展进步是不可避免和毋庸置疑的，但是人们正在面临互相隔绝和丧失社交技能的危险。

2.Modern architectural styles are, in many cases, indeed superior to their

traditional counterparts in terms of structures, materials and functionality.

很多情况下，现代建筑风格的确在结构、材料和功能上优于传统建筑风格。

3.Further, the benefit of basic scientific research extends far beyond laymen’s

perception.

另外，基础科学研究的好处远非外行人能够理解的。

4.Individual efficiency in business transactions and banking will be greatly

enhanced and those who dread shopping will be spared the chore of browsing around in shops.

商务交易和银行业务的效率将会得到大大提升，那些恐惧购物的人将会避免了在商店四处浏览找寻的繁琐事项。

https://www.sodocs.net/doc/ad9819726.html,puterization and digitalization enable factories to cut their production

costs substantially. Be capable of doing sth

计算机化和数字化使得工厂能够大幅度地降低生产成本。

6.At present, the technology available to individuals is actually widening/

aggravating the gap between the wealthy and the needy rather than narrowing/ bridging it.

当今，个人能够获得的技术事实上正在扩大贫富差距，而非缩小贫富差距。

7.Technology has made individuals overly dependent on it, which has led to

sedentary lifestyle and less face-to-face communication.

科技让人们过度依赖，导致很多人养成了不运动的生活方式，和越来越少的面对面的交流。

8.Apparently, long-distance flights have a detrimental influence on the

environment, even though they are by far the most efficient way of traveling.

显而易见，长途飞行对环境有坏的影响，尽管它是迄今最有效的旅行方式。

9.Instead of strengthening family ties, modern technology seems to have

prevented people from keeping in touch with their family far away from them by keeping them constantly busy.

现代科技非但没有加深家庭关系，反而好像一直让人们忙碌，在阻止人们和他们的家人接触联系。

10.The staggering advancement of technology is accompanied by severe

pollution of ecosystem.

伴随着科技的飞速发展，出现了生态系统的严重污染。

五、课堂实战演练

题目：Using a computer every day can have more negative than positive effects on young children. Do you agree or disagree?

(每天使用电脑对孩子的负面影响多于正面影响。你同意吗？)

1-开头、结尾和主体部分中文思路

开头段：随着科技的日益发展，很多孩子目前每天都可以接触到电脑。在这种情况下，电脑对孩子的影响是正面多还是负面多呢？我认为负面影响多于正面影响。

主体段1：不论孩子用电脑做什么，在电脑屏幕前坐的太久，会伤害他们的眼睛和影响他们的体型。

主体段2：他们用电脑来打游戏，那些游戏通常是暴力的，影响孩子的身心健康。让他们内心残忍、自私自利，易导致他们模仿暴力甚至犯罪。

主体段3：即便孩子用电脑收取电子邮件，网上的交流也不如面对面的交流，网上交流多了，

他们就不愿意在现实生活中沟通了。

主体段4：但是我们也不能否认电脑对孩子的重要性，他们可以在网上学习和获取知识，而且随着科技的发展，等到他们长大后，他们必须用电脑工作。

结尾段：电脑对孩子的影响既有正面的，也有负面的，关键是他们是否适度的使用，不要沉迷于网络，电脑只是个工具，我们必须活在现实生活中，不能活在虚幻里。

2-范文

六、课后作业

1. Intelligent machines such as robots are widely applied to take the place of human beings. Please discuss the advantages and disadvantages.

思路分析：

随着科技的发展，以机器人为代表的智能机器广泛应用于各行各业，这存在积极正面的影响，也有消极负面的影响。

1）积极正面影响：

●节省人力物力

●提高了工作效率

●减少了员工的参与，少雇佣人，节省了开支

●易于管理，有时候只是一键操作

●流程是计算机操作，更加科学

●智能机器，尤其是机器人可以把人类的视线扩展到人类本身很难到达的地方，比如外太

空或深海

●可以在任何恶劣环境下工作

●可以昼夜不息地工作

2）消极负面影响：

●导致了大规模劳动力失业，造成社会问题

●智能机器只是被动的操作

●智能机器只是服从人类设定的程序指令，如果紧急事故发生，本身没有解决的能力和主

动性

雅思大作文的题目类型以及写作策应的不同

大作文的题目类型以及写作策应的不同 总体分为两种：说明文和议论文 说明文： it is / there is/ there are (it is true that many people eat junk food everyday.) 议论文：I think that there are too many junk foods in our society. I think = I believe = I hold the opinion that = my view is 说明文一般描述的是关于社会现象或者问题，包括了或者是一个趋势的优点或者是缺点，这类文章通常都是以描述为主，基于事实描述，比较客观，不代有任何的特殊性。就是一般我们这个社会都能够接受的论点。 议论文一般针对的是题目中的一个话题 (some people think)，以及部分人对这个话题的想法(some people think, while others believe, 有些人认为。。。当另外一些人认为)，然后要求你是不是同意或者是发表你自己的看法（I think this is correct/true; I disagree with this）。这类题目通常会在题目中引述一个观点，然后要求你针对那个观点，进行写作。议论文比较基于主观事实描述，一般来说，文章的主体是以为什么而展开，，作者需要通过解释，论证从而达到一个比较合理的能够具有说服力的一个层次。作者要展开自己的想法，并要通过论证，让读者认为你所写的是正确的，合理的。 议论文通常只有两种问法： To what extent do you agree or disagree?? (你从多大程度上同意这个观点) 》》》题目中一部分人只会提出对于某个问题所产生的一个看法。作者所要进行论证就是你是否同意这么一个看法 无论是采取同意的，还是不同意的写作手法，再论述的过程中必须从不同角度去验证你为什么同意或者不同意的理由。（正面论证，反面论证，假设论证，比较论证，例子论证，数据论证） 正面论证： computers are good for children. 比较论证：Dragon Palace has only one prawn for their prawn dumpling; while LIUFU has two prawns. 假设论证：Without computers, it is very hard for people to find information quickly.(如果没有电脑，人们找需要的信息将会是十分困难的) 例子论证： Bill Gates is a classic example about this. 数据论证： Around 55% people like the Yum Cha from LIUFU restaurant in Perth.

雅思大作文范文三十篇

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