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Recycling of fibre-reinforced plastics - Berlin

Recycling of fibre-reinforced plastics
using the example of rotor blades!
? 2008 Holcim/Switzerland
Innovative Composite Materials Berlin, 15th – 17th December 2009
Dr. Erwin Schmidl

Holcim – Strenght.Performance.Passion
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? 2008 Holcim (Deutschland) AG
co-processing of rotor blades in the cement process
06.11.2009/SHi

Holcim Ltd – Globally active, locally based
The Holcim Ltd is a leading global supplier of cement, aggregates (crushed stone, sand and gravel) and ready-mix concrete and asphalt, including related services The original company was founded in Switzerland in 1912. Today, the Group operates in around 70 countries on all continents and employs a workforce of some 83,000 people Holcim is committed to the principles of sustainable development – economic, social and ecological. Holcim has been awarded three times to the “Leader of the Industry” in the Dow Jones Sustainability Index. In 2009/2010 Holcim is again one of the top companies.
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? 2008 Holcim (Deutschland) AG
co-processing of rotor blades in the cement process
06.11.2009/SHi

Holcim Ltd – Revenue per region
Revenue 2006 Umsatz 2008
Europe 38,3% North America 17,3% Asia / Oceania 23,3% Africa / Middle East 5,2%
Latin America 15,9%
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? 2008 Holcim (Deutschland) AG
co-processing of rotor blades in the cement process
06.11.2009/SHi

Plant Locations and Portraits
SchleswigHolstein
Bremerhaven Kie l
L?gerdorf Schwerin
MecklenburgVorpommern
Kiln 11 Laegerdorf (LD)
Bremen
Hamburg Brandenburg H?ver
Potsdam
Clinker Capacity Cement Capacity FTEs
4.500 t/d 5.500 t/d 203
Düsseld orf
Niedersachsen
Hannover
Berlin SachsenMagdeburg
Nordrhein-Westfalen
Hessen
ny ma er G
Freistaat Erfurt Thüringen
Anhalt
Freistaat Dresden Sachsen
Kiln Hoever (HV) Clinker Capacity Cement Capacity FTEs 2.800 t/d 3.500 t/d 133
Rheinland-Wiesbaden Pfalz Mainz Saarland
Saarbrücken
Freistaat BadenStuttgart
Bayern Württemberg
München
Dotternhausen
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? 2008 Holcim (Deutschland) AG
co-processing of rotor blades in the cement process
06.11.2009/SHi

Why we use AFR?
for financial reasons
we would like to generate an added value for our core business
for environmental reasons
we would like to reduce pollution (conservation of natural resources, CO2-Emmisions, landfill, etc…)
assume local responsibility we would like to act as a partner for the society and we would like to offer solution for the waste industry responsibility for our employees competitiveness is necessary for a security of employment.
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? 2008 Holcim (Deutschland) AG
co-processing of rotor blades in the cement process
06.11.2009/SHi

Co-processing vs. Incineration
CO2
CO2
Emissions
CO2 CO2
Waste Waste incinerator Rest Waste & Energy +
Fossil Fuels Cement plant Cement
Recources
Waste
Fossil Fuels
Cement plant Products Cement
Fossil characterize each evidence of yesteryear of the geological history.
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? 2008 Holcim (Deutschland) AG
co-processing of rotor blades in the cement process
06.11.2009/SHi

Recycling of fibre-reinforced plastics
Contents:
Existing disposal options History – the story so far Rotor blade composition Process flow Pre-preparation steps Field test results Quantity development Costs Conclusion
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? 2008 Holcim (Deutschland) AG
co-processing of rotor blades in the cement process
06.11.2009/SHi

disposal options for used rotor blades
Landfill in Germany a landfill disposal ban for glass fibre reinforced plastics (GRP) came into force in June 2005 (TASI) Incineration currently most widely used 50 % of the scrap remains as ash after incineration and has to be landfilled the small glass fibre spares cause problems in the flue gas cleaning Recycling a few established methods only 30 % of GRP waste can be re-used for new fibre reinforced plastics but only as a filler material. the filler market is flooded with similar materials such as chalk (cheaper than recycled material) the energy content is not recovered thermal and material recovery by pyrolysis and gasification is currently not economically
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? 2008 Holcim (Deutschland) AG
co-processing of rotor blades in the cement process
06.11.2009/SHi

Pyrolyse
Source: ReFiber Aps
on site cutting to container size pieces in a plant, the parts are shredded to hand sized chunks continuously feeding into an oxygen-free rotating oven the plastic is pyrolysed to a synthetic gas the gas is used for electricity production as well as for heating the rotating oven in a second rotating oven the glas fibre material is cleaned in the presence of atmospheric air Metals are removed by magnets The dust is removed from the clean glass material remaining The glass fibres are mixed with a small amount of polypropylene fibres and pass through an oven where the PP fibres melt and connect to the glass fibres creating stable isolation slab. Due to the fact that the process was noneconomic the project had to be stopped
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? 2008 Holcim (Deutschland) AG
co-processing of rotor blades in the cement process
06.11.2009/SHi

project history (1/2)
2005 While concrete work at a wind power plant a plant manufacturer pointed out that a disposal solution for end of life rotor blades does not exist. 2006 Cooperation with a company, which has gained first experience in the preparation/crushing of used rotor blades. 2008 The business partner was not able to obtain enough rotor blades for a trial operation therefore we terminated the contract. Holcim started there own project “Co-processing of rotor blades in the cement process”. First concept has been developed in a Diploma thesis Confidential agreement signed with two wind power plant manufacturer
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? 2008 Holcim (Deutschland) AG
co-processing of rotor blades in the cement process
06.11.2009/SHi

project history (2/2)
Cooperation with ?Zajons Logistik und Entsorgungsgesellschaft mbH“ who assumed the responsibility of the rotor blade preparation Contract with a wind power plant manufacturer for a field test with 68 rotor blades (~ 120 t) 2009 Permission for the rotor blade field test under the terms of the Federal Control of Pollution Act Successful preparation of all 68 rotor blades Successful input in L?gerdorf plant Patent application Exchange of experiences with the FK Wind (Forschungs- und Koordinierungsstelle für Windenergieanlagen) from the University Bremen/Bremerhaven
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? 2008 Holcim (Deutschland) AG
co-processing of rotor blades in the cement process
06.11.2009/SHi

rotor blade materials
fibers E-glass carbon resins polyester vinyl ester epoxy core PVC wood (balsa) PET acrylic PUR metals iron alumina copper finish
Blade hub connection
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? 2008 Holcim (Deutschland) AG
co-processing of rotor blades in the cement process
06.11.2009/SHi

Challenge and difficulty
A practicable disposal solution for used rotor blades has to overcome the challenges of the material properties (flexible and strenght), the high abrasive wear, the endangerment of the occupational health and safety by – – respirable dust and volatile organics.
Disposal is always a sensitive issue Dubious and unfair practices can produce negative banner headlines
A flawless disposal of rotor blades requires an upper Know How of waste management
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? 2008 Holcim (Deutschland) AG
co-processing of rotor blades in the cement process
06.11.2009/SHi

process flow
transport to the preparation plant without special permit intermediate storage
wastes of fibre reinforced plastics
pre-cut at the wind power plant
material cut to 500-1000 mm
blend with a sec. material for homogenization & dust reduction
separation of ferrous and non-ferrous metals
crushing to a average grit size < 50mm
transport to the cement plant by walking floor trucks
use as AFR in calziner of the cement plant
thermal & material recycling
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? 2008 Holcim (Deutschland) AG
co-processing of rotor blades in the cement process
06.11.2009/SHi

storage and shipment of used rotor blades
Typical storage of used blades or production waste
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? 2008 Holcim (Deutschland) AG
co-processing of rotor blades in the cement process
06.11.2009/SHi

pre-preparation (1/2)
All the tests were made in a temporary installation
Pre-preparation takes place in three steps: 1. First size reduction first step takes place at the wind power plant for this mobile saws are used minimal number of slices for a transport without special permit installed water nozzles for dust reduction collection of the saw dust by filter clothes transport to the pre-preparation platform
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? 2008 Holcim (Deutschland) AG
co-processing of rotor blades in the cement process
06.11.2009/SHi

sawed rotor blades
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? 2008 Holcim (Deutschland) AG
co-processing of rotor blades in the cement process
06.11.2009/SHi

pre-preparation (2/2)
2. Final size reduction pre-cut blades are sent to the encapsulated preparation plant automatically working saws and the cross-flow shredder crushing the blades to a max size of < 50 mm. separation of different components (metals, blade hubs etc.) separation of ferrous and non-ferrous metals 3. Homogenization with second material (humidity ~ 30 %) calorific value ~ 15 MJ/Kg
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? 2008 Holcim (Deutschland) AG
co-processing of rotor blades in the cement process
06.11.2009/SHi

diabolo (cross flow shredder)
rotating chain
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? 2008 Holcim (Deutschland) AG
co-processing of rotor blades in the cement process
06.11.2009/SHi

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九年级课文翻译 Document serial number【NL89WT-NY98YT-NC8CB-NNUUT-NUT108】

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英语演讲稿:未来的工作 这篇《英语演讲稿范文:未来的工作》,是特地,希望对大家有所帮助! 热门演讲推荐:竞聘演讲稿 | 国旗下演讲稿 | 英语演讲稿 | 师德师风演讲稿 | 年会主持词 | 领导致辞 everybody good afternoon:. first of all thank the teacher gave me a story in my own future ideal job. everyone has a dream job. my dream is to bee a boss, own a pany. in order to achieve my dreams, i need to find a good job, to accumulate some experience and wealth, it is the necessary things of course, in the school good achievement and rich knowledge is also very important. good achievement and rich experience can let me work to make the right choice, have more opportunities and achievements. at the same time, munication is very important, because it determines whether my pany has a good future development. so i need to exercise their municative ability. i need to use all of the free time to learn

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九年级英语u n i t课文 翻译 Document serial number【KK89K-LLS98YT-SS8CB-SSUT-SST108】

unit3 Could you please tell me where the restroom are ? sectionA 2d 何伟:这就是欢乐时代公园——我们这座城市最大的游乐园。 爱丽丝:就要玩各种游乐项目了,我好兴奋呀! 何伟:我们先玩那样呢?有太空世界、水世界、动物世界…. 爱丽丝:在我们决定前,麻烦你先告诉我哪儿有洗手间吗? 何伟:什么?休息室?你想要休息了?我们可还没有开始玩呢! 爱丽丝:不是的,我不是指休息的地方。我是说…..你知 道,一间洗手间或卫生间。 何伟:嗯….那么你是指….卫生间吗? 爱丽丝:对啦!不好意思,也许中国人说英语不常用 restroom这个词。 何伟:就是的,我们常说toilets 或washroom 。不过,厕所在哪里。 爱丽丝:知道了,我一会儿就好! 何伟:没问题,你不必赶的。 Section A 3a 欢乐时代公园————总是欢乐时光 [ 爱丽丝和何伟在太空世界] 爱丽丝:我不知道我们接下来该去哪里。

何伟:去玩玩那边那个新项目怎样? 爱丽丝:啊…..看上去挺吓人的。 何伟:勇敢些!我保证会很好玩!如果害怕就喊出来或抓住我的手。 【乘坐后…..】 爱丽丝:你是对的,这真好玩!我起先有些害怕,但喊叫真管用。何伟:瞧:这并不糟糕,对吧?你需要去尝试,否则永远不会知道你能行。 爱丽丝:是这样的,我真高兴自己尝试了这个项目。 何伟:现在你想去水世界吗? 爱丽丝:当然,但我饿了。你知道哪里有又好吃又快的地方? 何伟:当然知道!我建议去水世界的水城餐馆他们做得很好吃。爱丽丝:太好了,我们去吧! 何伟:[在去水城餐馆的路上,爱丽丝与何伟路过鲍勃叔叔的餐厅]爱丽丝:你瞧!这间餐厅看上去很有意思。牌子上写着有个摇滚乐队每晚在演奏。 何伟:我们为何不回头过来在这吃晚饭?咱们去问一下乐队演出几点开始。 【爱丽丝和何伟向门口的员工走去】 爱丽丝:劳驾,请问你们乐队今天晚上何时开始演奏? 何伟:八点。那时人总是很多,所以得来早一点才有桌子。 爱丽丝:好的,谢谢!

关于坚持的英语演讲稿

关于坚持的英语演讲稿 Results are not important, but they can persist for many years as a commemoration of. Many years ago, as a result of habits and overeating formed one of obesity, as well as indicators of overall physical disorders, so that affects my work and life. In friends to encourage and supervise, the participated in the team Now considered to have been more than three years, neither the fine rain, regardless of winter heat, a day out with 5:00 time. The beginning, have been discouraged, suffering, and disappointment, but in the end of the urging of friends, to re-get up, stand on the playground. 成绩并不重要,但可以作为坚持多年晨跑的一个纪念。多年前,由于庸懒习惯和暴饮暴食,形成了一身的肥胖,以及体检指标的全盘失常,以致于影响到了我的工作和生活。在好友的鼓励和督促下,参加了晨跑队伍。现在算来,已经三年多了,无论天晴下雨,不管寒冬酷暑,每天五点准时起来出门晨跑。开始时,也曾气馁过、痛苦过、失望过,但最后都在好友们的催促下,重新爬起来,站到了操场上。 In fact, I did not build big, nor strong muscles, not a sport-born people. Over the past few years to adhere to it, because I have a team behind, the strength of a strongteam here, very grateful to our team, for a long time, we encourage each other, and with sweat, enjoying common health happy. For example, Friends of the several run in order to maintain order and unable to attend the 10,000 meters race, and they are always concerned about the brothers and promptly inform the place and time, gives us confidence and courage. At the same time, also came on their own inner desire and pursuit for a good health, who wrote many of their own log in order to refuel for their own, and inspiring. 其实我没有高大身材,也没健壮肌肉,天生不属于运动型的人。几年来能够坚持下来,因为我的背后有一个团队,有着强大团队的力量,在这里,非常感谢我们的晨跑队,长期以来,我们相互鼓励着,一起流汗,共同享受着健康带来的快

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