人教版新目标八年级下册全册知识要点

[人教版]新目标英语八年级上册知识要点

Unit 1 How often do you exercise?

重点语法：频率副词

询问别人做某事的频繁程度

提问用How often 引导特殊疑问句

回答用always, sometimes, twice a day 等频率副词。

例句：A: How often do you watch TV?(你多长时间看一次电视？)

B: I watch TV every day.(我每天都看电视。)

A: What's your favorite program?(你最喜欢的节目是什么？)

B: It's Animal World.(是《动物世界》。)

A: How often do you watch it?(你多长时间看一次这个节目？)

主要频率副词的等级排序：

always(总是) > usually (通常) > often(经常) > sometimes(有时) > hardly ever(很少) > never(从不) 隔一段时间做某事数次用数词+ 时间间隔的结构构成。如：

once a week 一周一次(“一次”用特殊词once)

twice a day 一天两次(“两次”用特殊词twice)

three times a month 一个月三次(三次或三次以上用基数词+ times 的结构构成)

four times a year 一年四次

重点短语：how often 多久一次

as for 至于；关于

how many 多少（针对可数名词）

how much 多少（针对不可数名词）

of course = sure 当然；确信

look after = take care of = care for 照顾；照看

a lot of = lots of = plenty of 许多；大量

every day 每一天

every night 每晚

hardly ever 几乎不

be good for 对……有益

be good for one's health 有益健康

try to do sth. 尝试做某事

get good grades 取得好成绩

help sb. [to] do sth. 帮助某人做某事

kind of 有点

want [sb.] to do sth. 想要（某人）做某事

keep in good health 保持健康

No two men think alike. 人心各异。

Unit 2 What's the matter?

重点语法：询问别人如何感觉

了解人体器官和部位的英文名称

了解一些常见病的英文名称

告诉别人应该怎样做和不应该怎样做

例句：A: What's the matter?(怎么了？)

B: I'm not feeling well.(我感觉不舒服。)I have a cold.(我感冒了。)

A: When did it start?(什么时候开始的？)

B: About two days ago.(大约两天前开始的。)

A: Oh, that's too bad.(哦，这很糟糕。)You should lie down and rest.(你应该躺下休息。)

B: Yes, I think so.(是的，我是这么认为的。)

A: I hope you feel better soon.(祝你早日康复。)

重点短语：have a cold 患感冒

shouldn't = should not

be stressed out 紧张的；有压力的

a few 有些；几个（针对可数名词）

a little [bit] 有些；几个（针对不可数名词）

at the moment 此刻；现在

What's the matter? = What's wrong? = What's the problem? 怎么了？

lie down and rest 躺下休息

see a doctor 看病

hope to do sth. 希望做某事

listen to 听

for example 举个例子

be good for 对……有益

it's + adj. + [for sb.] + to do sth. 做某事（对某人来说）……（加形容词）

get tired 感到疲倦

stay healthy 保持健康

give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. 把某物给某人

need to do sth. 需要做某事

Unit 3 What are you doing for vacation?

重点语法：用现在进行时态表示一般将来时态

强调某个动作已经计划好即将按照计划去执行

例句：A: What are you doing for vacation, Lin Hui?(林辉，放假准备干什么呢？)

B: I'm going to Tibet for a week.(我要去西藏旅游一周。)

A: That sounds interesting!(这听起来很有趣。)What are you doing there?(你去那里准备干些什么事？) B: I'm going hiking in the mountains.(我准备上山徒步旅行。)How about you, Tony?(你呢，托尼？)What are you doing for vacation?(你放假准备干些什么呢？)

A: I'm visiting my friend in Hong Kong.(我要去拜访我在香港的朋友。)

B: Oh yeah?(是吗？)How long are you staying?(你要去多久啊？)

A: Just for four days.(只去四天。)I don't like going away for too long.(我不想远走太长时间。)

B: Well, have a good time!(祝你旅途愉快！)Send me a postcard from Hong Kong!(记得从香港寄一张明信片回来！)

A: Sure. Show me your photos when we get back to school.(当然。当我们再回学校的时候，再看看你的照片。)

重点短语：how long 多久

get back = come back 回来

take a vacation = have a vacation 去度假

a lot = very much 很；非常

be going to do sth. 将要去做某事

sound + adj. 听起来……（加形容词）

sound like + n. 听起来像……（加名词）

have a good time = have fun = enjoy oneself 玩得愉快

show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. 把某物给某人看

want to do sth. = would like to do sth. 想要做某事

plan to do sth. 计划做某事

spend sometime [in] doing sth. 花时间做某事

need to do sth. 需要做某事

ask sb. about sth. 询问某人某方面的事情

go shopping 去购物

leave for 离开去某地

Unit 4 How do you get to school?

重点语法：询问别人做某事的方式

用How 引导特殊疑问句

其回答有多种方式，其中一种结构是by doing sth. 或by sth. 的结构。

询问两地的距离用how far 引导特殊疑问句

回答用be + (distance) + [away] + from 的结构。

例句：A: How do you get to school?(你如何去上学？)

B: I take the subway.(我乘地铁去上学。)

A: How far is it from your home to school?(从家到学校多远？)

B: It's three miles.(有三英里远。)

A: How long does it take you to get from home to school?(从家到学校需要花多长时间？) B: It takes 25 minutes.(要花25 分钟。)

重点短语：by bus = take the bus 乘公共汽车

how far 多远

depend on 依赖于

by boat = take the boat 乘船

look at 看

by train = take the train 乘火车

by bike = ride one's bike 骑车

by subway =take the subway 乘地铁

by plane = take the plane 乘飞机

on foot 走路

get up 起床

have breakfast 吃早饭

leave for somewhere 离开去某地

take sb. to somewhere 带某人去某地

half an hour = thirty minutes 半小时（三十分钟）

around the world = all over the world 全世界

get to school 到学校

think of 认为

on weekend 在周末

Unit 5 Can you come to my party?

重点语法：询问并请求某人做某事

例句：A: Hey, Dave.(你好，戴夫。)Can you go to the movies on Saturday?(周六你能去看电影吗？) B: I'm sorry, I can't.(对不起，我不能去。)I have too much homework this weekend.(这个周末我有太多作业要做。)

A: That's too bad.(这太糟了。)Maybe another time.(只好等下一次了。)

B: Sure, Joe.(当然，乔。)Thanks for asking.(谢谢你的邀请。)

重点短语：the day after tomorrow 后天

the day before yesterday 前天

come over 来访

study for a test 复习迎考

go to the doctor = see the doctor 看病

have to 不得不；必须（强调客观上）

must 不得不；必须（强调主观上）

help sb. with sth. = help sb. [to] do sth. 帮助某人做某事

too much + n. 太多（针对不可数名词）

too many + n. 太多（针对可数名词）

much too + adj. 太……（加形容词）

go to the movies 看电影

practice doing sth. 练习做某事

thanks for [doing] sth. 为（做）某事而感谢

go to the dentist 看牙医

be going to do sth. 将要做某事（该事已计划好）

will do sth. 将要做某事（该事尚未计划）

keep quiet 保持安静

Unit 6 I'm more outgoing than my sister.

重点语法：在两件或多件事物中进行比较

使用形容词的比较级和最高级

通常形容词的比较级是在形容词后加-er(以e结尾的单词直接加r，闭音节辅音字母结尾双写辅音字母加-er)的结构构成，最高级是在形容词前加the ，形容词后加-est(以e结尾的单词直接加st，闭音节辅音字母结尾双写辅音字母加-est)的结构构成。(eg/ big → bigger → the biggest 形容词big 的原级、比较级和最高级；small → smaller → the smallest 形容词small 的原级、比较级和最高级)

当一个单词有3个或以上音节时，其比较级是在形容词前加more 的结构，其最高级是在形容词前加the most 的结构构成。(eg/ expensive → more expensive → the most expensive 形容词expensive 的原级、比较级和最高级；outgoing → more outgoing → the most outgoing 形容词outgoing 的原级、比较级和最高级)

例句：A: Lin Ping is my friend. (Lin Ping 是我的朋友。)She's a little more outgoing than me.(她比我性格要活泼开朗一些。)

B: My friend is the same as me.(我的朋友跟我一样。)We are both quiet.(我们都很静。)

A: Do you look the same?(你们长相相像吗？)

B: No, I'm a little taller than her.(不，我比她高一点。)

重点短语：more than 超出……

in common 共同的

be good at = do well in 在某方面做得好

most of 大多数

in some ways 在某些方面

the same as 与……一样

make sb. + adj. 让某人（感觉）……（加形容词）

stop doing sth. 停止做某事

stop to do sth. 停止当前做的事去做另一件事

begin with 以……开始

each other 互相

enjoy oneself = have fun = have a good time 玩得高兴

spend sometime [in] doing sth. = spend sometime on sth. 花时间做某事

plan to do sth. 计划做某事

on a farm 在农场

Unit 7 How do you make a banana milk shake?

重点语法：描述一个过程

服从别人的指令

询问做某事的过程用how 引导特殊疑问句

分步回答用first(首先), next(接着), then(然后), finally(最后) 等时间副词引导从句。

例句：A: How do you make fruit salad?(如何做水果沙拉？)

B: First cut up three bananas, three apples and a watermelon.(首先切三个香蕉、三个苹果和一个西瓜。)Next put the fruit in a bowl.(接下来把水果放到一个碗里。)Then put in two teaspoons of honey and a cup of yogurt.(然后放入两勺蜂蜜和一杯酸奶。) Finally mix it all up.(最后将它们放在一起搅拌。)

重点短语：turn on 打开（电器）[闭合开关]

turn off 关闭（电器）[断开开关]

cut up 切碎

mix up 混合

add ... to ... 把……加到……上

pour ... into ... 把……浇到……里面

put ... in ... 把……放到……里面

put ... on ... 把……放到……上面

a cup of 一杯

a teaspoon of 一勺

Unit 8 How was your school trip?

重点语法：一般过去时态

结构：主语+ 谓语动词的过去式+ 宾语

谈论过去发生的事情用一般过去时态

do/does 的一般过去时态形式：did

例句：Last week I visited my aunt's house.(上个星期我去我姑姑家玩了。)She lives in California.(她住在加利福尼亚州。)The weather was beautiful.(那儿的天气很好。)I went swimming.(我去游泳了。)

重点短语：hang out 闲逛

sleep late 睡过头

take photos = take pictures 照相

have a great time = have fun = enjoy oneself 玩得高兴

at the end of 在……的尽头

the class monitor 班长

a day off 一整天

go for a drive 开车兜风

have fun doing sth. 做某事很愉快

a bowl of 一碗

help sb. [to] do sth. 帮助某人做某事

一些不规则动词的原形和过去式：hang → hung

buy → bought

sleep → slept

read/ri:d/ → read/red/

Unit 9 When was he born?

重点语法：一般过去时态

谈论著名人物

例句：A: How long did Charles Smith hiccup?(查理斯·史密斯打嗝了多长时间？)

B: He hiccupped for 69 years and 5 months.(他打嗝了69 年零5 个月。)

A: When did he start hiccupping?(他什么时候开始打嗝的？)

B: He started in 1922.(他从1922 年就开始打嗝了。)

A: When did he stop hiccupping?(他什么时候停止打嗝的？)

B: He stopped in 1990.(他到1990 年才停止打嗝。)

重点短语：too ... to ... 太……以致不能……

take part in = join 参加

because of 因为……

major in 主修；专研

start doing sth. 开始做某事（该事已计划好）

start to do sth. 开始做某事（该事尚未计划）

spend sometime with sb. 花时间和某人在一起

spend sometime [in] doing sth. = spend sometime on sth. 花时间做某事

see sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事（强调全局）

see sb. doing sth. 看见某人做某事（强调偶然性）

Unit 10 I'm going to be a basketball player.

重点语法：一般将来时态

do/does 的两种一般将来时态形式：will do；be going to do

两种形式的区别：will do 强调事情尚未计划好而即将做

be going to do 强调事情已计划好并将按照计划来做

本单元重点强调be going to do 的形式。

例句：A: What are you going to do next year?(明年你准备干些什么？)

B: Well, I'm going to take guitar lessons.(我明年要上吉他音乐课。)I really love music.(我很喜欢音乐。) A: Sounds interesting.(听起来很有趣。)I'm going to learn a foreign language.(我明年要学一门外语。) 重点短语：grow up 成长；长大

at the same time 同时

all over 遍及

all over the world = around the world 全世界

be going to do sth. 将要做某事

practice doing sth. 练习做某事

study hard 努力学习

take lessons 上课

sound + adj. 听起来……（加形容词）

sound like + n. 听起来像……（加名词）

save money 存钱

buy sb. sth. = by sth. for sb. 给某人买某物

buy sth. with the money 用钱买某物

write articles 写文章

learn to do sth. 学习做某事

get good grades 取得好成绩

play sports 运动

keep fit 保持健康

write to sb. 给某人写信

enjoy doing sth. 享受做某事

Unit 11 Could you please clean your room?

重点语法：委婉请求别人做某事

引导词用can, shall, will 等情态动词的过去时态

例句：A: Could I please use your computer?(我能用一下你的电脑吗？)

B: Sorry. I'm going to work on it now.(对不起，我正在忙着用电脑。)

A: Well, could I watch TV?(那么，我能看电视吗？)

B: Yes, you can.(是，你可以看电视。)But you have to clean your room.(但是是在你打扫完房间之后。) 重点短语：do the dishes = wash the dishes 洗碗

take out 取出

make one's bed 整理床铺

work on 从事；忙于

do chores = do housework 干家务

do the laundry = wash the clothes 洗衣服

take care of = care for = look after 照看；照顾

sweep the floor 扫地

fold one's clothes 叠衣服

go to the movies 看电影

get a ride 骑车

go to a meeting 开会

hate (to do/doing) sth. 讨厌做某事

like (to do/doing) sth. 喜欢做某事

invite sb. to somewhere 邀请某人去某地

go to the store = go shopping 购物

forget to do sth. 忘记做某事（该事尚未做）

forget doing sth. 忘记做某事（该事已做过）

give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. 把某物给某人

buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb. 买某物给某人

on vacation 度假

Unit 12 What's the best radio station?

重点语法：在各事物间进行比较

用形容词的原形、比较级和最高级

例句：A: Hello! I'm a reporter.(你好，我是记者。)Can I ask you some questions?(我能问你一些问题吗？) B: Sure.(当然可以。)

A: What's the best clothing store in town?(城里最好的服装店是哪一家？)

B: I think Jason's is the best.(我认为杰森服装店是最好的。)

A: Why do you think so?(为什么这样认为呢？)

B: Jason's has the best quality clothes.(杰森服装店有质量最好的服装。)

重点短语：close to = near 靠近；接近

inexpensive = cheap 便宜的

clothing store 服装店

radio station 广播站

talent show 业余歌手演唱会

it is adj. [for sb.] to do sth. 做某事（对某人来说）感觉……（加形容词）

cut the price 打折

not ... at all = not ... in the slightest 一点也不

in fact 实际上

pay for 为……而付款

sth. cost sb. (money) 某人花钱买了某物

good/well → better → the best 形容词good /副词well 的原级、比较级和最高级

bad/badly → worse → the worst 形容词bad /副词badly 的原级、比较级和最高级

八年级下册重点语法和短语

Unit 1 Will people have robots?

重点语法：一般将来时态的应用

do/does 的一般将来时态形式：(shall/will) do

do/does 的一般将来时态的被动语态：(shall/will) be done

一般将来时态的肯定句、否定句、疑问句形式：

肯定句例句：People will have robots in a few years.

否定句例句：People (will not/won't) have robots in a few years.

一般疑问句例句：Will people have robots in a few years?

特殊疑问句例句：What will people have in a few years?

重点短语：won't = will not

they'll = they will

she'll = she will

he'll = he will

I'll = I will

fall in love with(sb./sth.) 爱上（某人/某物）

be able to do sth. 能够做某事

come true 实现

in the future 未来

hundreds of 数以百计的

thousands of 数以千计的

look for(sb./sth.) 寻找（某人/某物）

will → would 情态动词will 的原形和过去式

may → might 情态动词may 的原形和过去式

Reading Strategy(阅读方法)

Look at the title and picture, and predict what you will read about. (看着标题和图片，预知你要阅读那些方面的内容。)This helps you get ready to acquire new information. (这样可以帮助你获得一些新的信息。)

Unit 2 What should I do?

重点语法：过去将来时态（将来时态的委婉说法）

do/does 的过去将来时态形式：(should/would) do

do/does 的过去将来时态的被动语态：(should/would) be done

过去将来时态的肯定句、否定句、疑问句形式：

肯定句例句：You should write a letter to him.

否定句例句：You shouldn't write a letter to him.

一般疑问句例句：Should I write a letter to him?

特殊疑问句例句：What should I do?

重点短语：keep sb. out 不让某人进入

What's wrong? = What's the matter? = What's the problem? 怎么了？

out of style 不时髦的；过时的

call sb. up 给某人打电话

pay for sth. 为某事付款

part-time job 兼职工作

the same as = be same (to/with) 与……同样

in style 时髦的；流行的

get on [well] with sb. = get along [well] with sb. 与某人相处（好）

didn't = did not

couldn't = could not

as ... as possible 尽可能……(eg/ as soon as possi ble 尽快)

all kinds of 各种；许多

on the one hand 一方面

on the other hand 另一方面

ask sb. for sth. = ask sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事

ask sb. not to do sth. 请求某人不要做某事

spend (money) on sth. = spend (money) [in] doing sth. 花钱做某事

sth. cost sb. (money) 某人花钱为了某事

take sb. sometime to do sth. 花某人时间做某事

find out 查明

find sb. doing sth. 发现某人做某事

be angry with sb. 生某人的气

be angry at sth. 生某事的气

the same age as = as old as 与某人年龄一样

have fight with sb. 与某人打架

learn to do sth. 学会做某事

not ... until ... 直到……才……

compare sth.(A) with sth.(B) 把某事(A)与某事(B)作比较

it's time for sth. = it's time to do sth. 到该做某事的时间了

maybe adv. 或许

may be （情态动词+ 动词原形）可能是

shall → should 情态动词shall 的原形和过去式

pay → paid → paid 动词pay 的原形、过去式和过去分词

Reading Strategy(阅读方法)

You will learn to use new words better if you use a learner's dictionary. (时刻学着应用新单词来学习比时刻使用字典这种途径方法更好。)A bilingual dictionary sometimes gives the wrong meaning for the situation you want. (在某些你需要的场合下，一本双语字典有时会给你错误的解释。)

Unit 3 What were you doing when the UFO arrived?

重点语法：过去进行时态

do/does 的过去进行时态形式：(was/were) doing

do/does 的过去进行时态的被动语态：(was/were) being done

过去将来时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式：

肯定句例句：I was walking down the street when a UFO landed.

否定句例句：I wasn't walking down the street when a UFO landed.

一般疑问句例句：Were you walking down the street when a UFO landed?

特殊疑问句例句：What were you doing when a UFO landed?

动词when 和while 的选择：when 后加瞬间动词，while 后加延续性动词。

例句：The boy was walking down the street when the UFO landed.

=While the boy was walking down the street, the UFO landed.

感叹句

结构：(1) How + adj. + the + 主语+ 谓语动词

=(2) What + (a/an) + [adj.] + n. + 主语+ 谓语动词

例句：What a beautiful flower [it is]!

=How beautiful the flower is!

What beautiful flowers [they are]!

=How beautiful the flowers are!

重点短语：get out 出去；离开

take off 起飞

run away 逃跑；跑掉

come in 进来

hear about = hear of 听说

take place 发生

as ... as 像……一样(eg/ as old as him 像他一样老)

anywhere = everywhere = here and there 任何地方

think about 考虑

think of 认为

get up = get out of the bed 起床

at the doctor's 在诊所

every day 每一天

everyday adj. 日常的

most adj. 大部分

the most 最多的

in space 在太空中

national hero 民族英雄

all over the world = in the world 全世界

Reading Strategy(阅读方法)

The title can be helpful for you to understand a text. (一篇文章的标题可以帮助你理解整篇文章。)It's also a good idea to read the first sentence of each paragraph before you read. (在阅读整篇文章之前，阅读每段的第一句话也是一个很有效的方法。)

Unit 4 He said I was hard-working.

重点语法：宾语从句

结构：主语+ 谓语动词+ 宾语从句(主语+ 谓语动词+ 宾语/表语)

例句：----I'm good at English. He says. (改为加宾语从句的复合句)

----He says I'm good at English.

注意：①主句是一般现在时态，宾语从句的时态不受其影响。

例句：He says I'm good at English now.

He says I was good at mathematics when I was young.

②主句是过去时态，宾语从句也要用过去时态。

例句：He said I was good at mathematics when I was young yesterday.

He said I was good at English now yesterday.

③宾语从句是客观真理时永远用一般现在时态。

例句：Our teacher says 24 hours make a day.

Our teacher said the sun gives us so many energy yesterday.

④动词原形不能作主语，必须用其-ing 形式。

例句：She said helping others changed her life.

重点短语：direct speech 直接引语

reported speech = indirect speech 间接引语

first of all = at first 首先

pass on 传递

be supposed to do sth. 应该做某事

be good at = do well in 在某方面做得好

in good health 身体健康

get over 克服

open up 打开

care for = take care of = look after 照料；照顾

not any more = not any longer = no longer 不再

have a cold 感冒

end-of-year exam 年终考试

get nervous 变得紧张

forget to do sth. 忘记做某事（该事未做）

forget doing sth. 忘记做某事（该事已做）

it's + adj. + [for sb.] + to do sth. 做某事[对某人来说]……（加形容词）

context 上下文

Reading Strategy(阅读方法)

First read for meaning, not for detail. (首先理解文段的大致意思，不在于文段的细节部分。)You can understand the meaning of a word you don't know from the context. (至于不懂的单词，你可以通过上下文来寻找它的正确释义。)

Unit 5 If you go to the party, you'll have a great time!

重点语法：if 引导的条件状语从句

结构：主句+ if + 条件状语从句

if + 条件状语从句+ [(comma)] + 主句

注意：在if 引导的条件状语从句中，主句应用将来时态，状语从句用一般现在时态。

例句：You'll have a great time if you go to the party.

=If you go to the party, you'll have a great time.

重点短语：take away 拿走

around the world = all over the world 在世界各地

make a living 谋生

all the time = always 一直

What's the problem? = What's the matter? = What's wrong? 怎么了？

in order to do sth. 为了做某事

make sb. do sth. 使得某人做某事（to 省略，该结构是一个不带to 的不定式。）

make sb. adj. 使得某人……（加形容词）

make sb. done 使得某人被做

be famous for 为……而出名

be famous as 作为……而出名

in class 在课堂上

spend ...(time/money) on sth. = spend ...(time/money) in doing sth. 花……（时间/钱）用于做某事

see sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事（强调整个过程）

see sb. doing sth. 看见某人做某事（强调偶然性）

say → said → said 动词say 的原形、过去式和过去分词

tell → told → told 动词tell 的原形、过去式和过去分词

eat → ate → eaten 动词eat 的原形、过去式和过去分词

speak → spoke→ spoken 动词speak 的原形、过去式和过去分词

Unit 6 How long have you been collecting shells?

重点语法：现在完成进行时态

do/does 的现在完成进行时态形式：have/has been doing

do/does 的现在完成进行时态的被动语态：have/has been being done

现在完成进行时态所应用的场合：

①某事从过去发生一直持续到现在都在做

②过去发生的动作对现在造成影响

例：我已上了三年初中。

I have been in Junior School for 3 years.

自从那次他与我谈过心后，我天天都在进步。

I have been making progress since he talked with me that time.

现在完成进行时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式：

肯定句例句：I have been skating for five hours.

否定句例句：I haven't been skating for five hours.

一般疑问句例句：Have you been skating for five hours?

特殊疑问句例句：How long have you been skating?

注意：瞬间动词不能和一段时间连用。

例句：你借这本书已经多长时间了？

How long have you been keeping this book?

重点短语：run out of 用完；用尽

by the way 顺便说说

be interested in doing sth. 对某事感兴趣

more than 比……多

far away 在远处

would like to do sth. = want to do sth. = feel like doing sth. 想要做某事

send sb. sth. = send sth. to sb. 把某物赠送给某人

in fact 实际上

room 房间（用于可数名词）；空间（用于不可数名词）

common → more common → the most common 形容词common 的原级、比较级和最高级

Reading Strategy(阅读方法)

Let your eyes "scan" the text quickly to find details that you're looking for. (在阅读文章之前，用眼睛“横扫”整篇文章，快速寻找你需要的文章要点。)You can find information quickly without reading the whole text. (这样你就不用细读整篇文章，就能寻找到你需要的一些信息。)

Unit 7 Would you mind turning down the music?

重点语法：mind [one's] doing sth. 介意（某人）做某事

重点短语：not at all 一点也不

turn down 调节使音量变小

right away = in a minute = at once 立刻；马上

wait in line 排队等候

cut in line 插队等候

hasn't = has not

keep ... down 压低声音；使缓和

at first = first of all 首先

take care 当心；小心

take care of = care about = look after 关心；照顾

break the rule 违规

obey the rule 遵守规定

put out 熄灭

pick sth. up 捡起某物

wait for sb. 等候某人

depend on 依赖；依靠

get back = return 要回

mean → meant → meant 动词mean 的原形、过去式和过去分词

Reading Strategy(阅读方法)

As we read, we need to find "topic sentences".(在我们阅读的时候，我们需要寻找“主题语句”，也就是和文章中心最相关的语句。) These sentences usually gives us a "summary", or overall meaning of each paragraph and help us understand what the paragraph is about.(这些语句通常会给我们一些文章的“概要”，或者每个文段的全部意思，来帮助我们理解段落大意。) After the topic sentence comes more detail and explanation.(当“主题语句”出现后，该段的一些解释和细节也就会随之出现。)

Unit 8 Why don't you get her a scarf?

重点语法：询问别人为什么要做或者不做某事

why don't you do sth. = why not do sth.

例句：Why don't you get her a camera? = Why not get her a camera?

what about = how about

例句：How about some tennis balls? = What about some tennis balls?

重点短语：fall asleep 入睡

give away 赠送；分发

hear of = hear about 听说

take an interest in = be interested in 对……感兴趣

make friends with 与……交友

make progress 取得进步

keep → kept → kept 动词keep 的原形、过去式和过去分词

feed → fed → fed 动词feed 的原形、过去式和过去分词

fall → fell → fallen 动词fall 的原形、过去式和过去分词

hear → heard → heard 动词hear 的原形、过去式和过去分词

Reading Strategy(阅读方法)

To understand the important ideas from the text, we must "summarize".(为了了解文段最主要的意图，我们必须要进行总结。) Do this by answering "who, what, where, why" questions as you read.(在阅读时，常注意回答时间、地点、人物这些基本要素问题，达到总结的目的。)

Unit 9 Have you ever been to an amusement?

重点语法：现在完成时态

do/does 的现在完成时态形式：(have/has) done

do/does 的现在完成时态的被动语态：(have/has) been done

现在完成时态主要强调过去发生的事情对现在的影响。

例句：我去年去过美国，那是我第一次出国。

I have ever been to America. It's the first time for me to go abroad.

重点短语：have a great time = have a good time = have fun = enjoy oneself 玩得高兴

on board 在船上

end up doing sth. 结束做某事

all year round = all over the year 终年

understand → understood → understood 动词understand 的原形、过去式和过去分词

Reading Strategy(阅读方法)

After reading, write down three or more things you have learned. (在阅读整篇文章之后，把你学到的三样或更多事物写下来。)We always remember things better if we take time to reflect. (如果我们花时间去思考一些问题的话，那么我们就能更容易地记住一些事情。)

Unit 10 It's a nice day, isn't it?

重点语法：反意疑问句

反意疑问句由肯定陈述句加否定问句构成，或者由否定陈述句加肯定问句构成。

例句：He's a student, isn't he?

She's not his mother, is she?

回答反意疑问句时，要根据事实来回答。若事实是肯定的，则必须用yes 回答。若事实是否定的，则必须用no 回答。

例句：你还没有准备好，对吧？

You're not ready, are you?

是的，我没有准备好。

No, I'm not.

不，我准备好了。

Yes, I am.

重点短语：look through 浏览

come along 出现；发生

get along 相处

at least 至少

at most 至多

a thank-you note 感谢信

forget → forgot → forgotten 动词forget 的原形、过去式和过去分词

little → less → least 形容词little 的原级、比较级和最高级

many/much → more → most 形容词many/much 的原级、比较级和最高级

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八年级下册英语教案 Unit 1 What’s the matter? Teaching goals: 1.词汇.让学生熟记这些单词，能够很熟练地指出表示身体部位的某些 单词. 2.能够用所学的单词谈论身体并且能给出中肯的建议. 3.通过听力练习，争取能够提高学生的听力能力. Important points: 1.words . 2.Sentences: I have a headache. You should go to bed. He has a stomachache. He shouldn’t go to bed. She has a toothache. She should see a dentist. Difficulty points: How to talk about the health and give the advice . Period 1 Teaching procedures: Step 1 Leading in 1.sing a song and do some actions 2.Play a game and revise some words we have learned. 3.(Today we’ll learn some parts of the body .) Look at the picture and teach new words. Step 2 Pre-task 1.Read the new words by the Ss first . 2.Then check the Ss if they can read the new words by themselves correctly .if there is a mistakes ,correct . 3.Practice reading the new words .Give them 6 minutes . 4.Have a competition between boys and girls .Write the words you remembered just now on the blackboard . Page7, 1a.Do this part by the Ss first. Write the correct letter after the name of each body part on the list Play a game .All the Ss close your books ,we’ll have a instructor to say :Touch your nose /head /right ear … .Let’s see which student do it correctly and quickly .First all the Ss do this game .Then have competitions between boys and girls .5 boys and 5girls to the front to do