CET-6

2012.12

A key process in interpersonal interaction is that of social comparison, in that we evaluate ourselves in terms of how we compare to others. In particular, we engage in two types of comparison. First, we decide whether we are superior or inferior to others on certain dimensions,such as attractiveness, intelligence, popularity, etc. Here, the important aspect is tocompare with an appropriate reference group. For example, modest joggers should not compare their performance with Olympic standard marathon (马拉松) runners. Second, we judge the extentto which we are the same as or different from others. At certain stages of life, especially adolescence, the pressure to be seen as similar to peers is immense. Thus, wearing theright brand of clothes or shoes may be of the utmost importance. We also need to know whether our thoughts, beliefs and ideas are in line with those of other people. This is part of the process of self-validation whereby we employ self-disclosures to seek support for our self-concept.

People who do not have access to a good listener may not only be denied the opportunity to heighten their self-awareness, but they are also denied valuable feedback as to the validity and acceptability of their inner thoughts and feelings. By discussing these with others, we receive feedback as to whether these are experiences which others have as well, or whether they are less common. Furthermore, by gauging the reactions to our self-disclosures we learn what types are acceptable or unacceptable with particular people and in specific situations. On occasions it is the fear that certain disclosures may be unacceptable to family or friends that motivates an individual to seek professional help. Counsellors will be familiar with client statements such as: “I just couldn’t talk about this to my husband.”, “I really can’t let my mother know my true feelings.” Another aspect of social comparison in the counselling context relates to a technique known as normalising. This is the process whereby helpers provide reassurance to clients that what they are experiencing is not abnormalor atypical (非典型的), but is a normal reaction shared by others when facing such circumstances. Patient disclosure, facilitated by the therapist, seems also to facilitate the process of normalising.

47. To evaluate ourselves, the author thinks it important for us to compare ourselves with

_______.

48. During adolescence, people generally feel an immense pressure to appear _______.

49. It is often difficult for people to heighten their self-awareness without _______.

50. What can people do if they find what they think or say unacceptable to family or friends?

51. Counsellors often assure their clients that what they experience themselves is only _______.

82.______________（不管中国变得多么强大）, it will constitute no threat to any other country.

83.Success in life does not depend so much on one's school records______________（而是靠其勤奋和坚持）

84. _______________（他们要是此刻在这儿就好了），we would be able to celebrate their wedding anniversary.

85. In recent years, with his business booming, he _______________ （给慈善事业捐了大笔的钱）

86. Without the atmosphere, we_______________ （将被迫寻找躲避太阳的藏身处）, as there would be nothing to protect us from its deadly rays.

47. others

解析：关键词evaluate ourselves 迅速定位到第一段第一句话所以答案是others 48. similar to peers 解析：关键词adolescence 迅速定位到第一段中间所以答案是similar to peers.

49. a good listener 解析：关键词self- awareness 迅速定位到第二段第一句,所以答案是

a good listener

50. They seek professional help 解析：关键词unacceptable to family or friends迅速定位到

第二段第七行所以答案是They can seek professional help.

51. a normal reaction 解析：关键词Counselors 和assure 迅速定位到第二段倒数第三行所以答案是a normal reaction

82.No matter how strong China becomes

83.but on diligence and persistence

84.If they were here at the moment

85.has donated a large sum of money to charity

86. would be forced to look for avoiding the sun’s burrow

2012.6

In face of global warming, much effort has been focused on reducing greenhouse gas emissions through a variety of strategies. But while much of the research and innovation has concentrated on finding less-polluting energy alternatives, it may be decades before clean technologies like wind and solar meet a significant portion of our energy needs.

In the meantime, the amount of CO2 in the air is rapidly approaching the limits proposed by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). “As long as we’re consuming fossil fuels, we’re putting out CO2,”says Klaus Lackner, a geophysicist at Colum bia, University” We cannot let the CO2 in the atmosphere rise indefinitely.”

That sense of urgency has increased interest in capturing and storing CO2, which the IPCC says could provide the more than 50% reduction in emissions thought needed to reduce gl obal warming.“We see the potential for capture and storage to play an integral role in reducing emissions,” says Kim Corley, Shell’s senior advisor of CO2 and environmental affairs. That forward thinking strategy is gaining support. The U.S. Department of Energy recently proposed putting $1 billion into a new $2.4 billion coal-burning energy plant. The plant’s carbon-capture technologies would serve as a pilot project for other new coal-burning plants.

But what do you do with the gas once you’ve captured it? One option is to put it to new uses. Dakota Gasification of North Dakota captures CO2 at a plant that converts coal into synthetic natural gas. It then ships the gas 200 miles by pipeline to Canada, where it is pumped underground in oil recovery operations. In the Netherlands, Shell delivers CO2 to farmers who pipe it into their greenhouses, increasing their yield of fruits and vegetables.

However, scientists say that the scale of CO2 emissions will require vast amounts of long-term storage. Some propose storing the CO2 in coal mines or liquid storage in the ocean, Shell favors storing CO2 in deep geological structures such as saline(盐的) formations and exhausted oil and gas fields that exist throughout the world.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

47. What are suggested as renewable and less-polluting energy alternatives?

48. What does the author say is a forward thinking strategy concerning the reduction of CO2 emissions?

49. One way of handing the captured CO2 as suggested by the author is to store it and-------- .

50. Through using CO2, Dutch farmers have been able to---------- .

51. Long-term storage of CO2 is no easy job because of --------.

82. I think that the meal is well ______________________(没有折扣的情况下值80美元).

83. ______________________ (面对来自其他公司的激烈竞争), the automobile manufacturer is considering launching a promotion campaign.

84. As far as hobbies are concerned, Jane and her sister ______________________ (几乎没有什么共同之处).

85. Only after many failures______________________ (我才认识到仅凭运气是不能成功的).

86. But for the survival instinct which nearly all creatures have, ______________________ (更多的物种就可能已经在地球上灭绝了).

47.capturing and storing CO2或者capture and storage of CO2

48. capture and storage

49. put it to new use

50. increase their yield of fruits and vegetables

51. the scale of CO2 emissions

82. I think that the meal is well worth 80 dollars with no discount(没有折扣的情况下值80美元).

【点评】worth:“值”，;discount 折扣。

83. Confronted with the fierce competition from other corporations(面对来自其他公司的激烈竞争), the automobile manufacturer is considering launching a promotion campaign.

【点评】该句主语是the automobile manufacturer，横线处所填的是一个分句;be confronted with：面临(任务、困难)=face，所以也可填(facing the fierce competition……)

84. As far as hobbies are concerned, nearly (almost) have nothing in common / hardly have anything in common(几乎没有什么共同之处).

【点评】have something in common有共同点。

85. Only after many failures have I realized that I cannot succeed merely by chance.(我才认识到仅凭运气是不能成功的).

【点评】only位于句首时用倒装。至于时态，可以用现在完成时，强调过去的事情对现在造成的影响“不能成功”，也可以用一般过去式

did I realize that I couldn't succeed merely by chance.

86. But for the survival instinct which nearly , more species would have been extinct from the earth(更多的物种就可能已经在地球上灭绝了).

【点评】but for，“要不是”;这里考查与过去相反的虚拟语气，后面用would + have done。

2011-12

Leadership is the most significant word in today's competitive business environment because it directs the manager of a business to focus inward on their personal capabilities and style. Experts on leadership will quickly point out that "how

things get done" influences the success of the outcomes and indicates a right way and a wrong way to do things. When a noted leader on the art of management, Peter Drucker, coined the phrase "Management is doing things right; leadership is doing the right things," he was seeking to clarify the distinctions he associates with the terms. When Stephen Covey, founder and director of the Leadership Institute, explored leadership styles in the past decade, he focused on the habits of a great number of highly effective individuals. His Seven Habits of Highly Effective People became a popular bestseller very quickly. His ideas forced a reexamination of the early leadership paradigm (范例), which he observed centered on traits found in the character ethic and the personality ethic. The former ethic suggested success was founded on integrity, modesty, loyalty, courage, patience, and so forth. The personality ethic suggested it was one's attitude, not behavior, that inspired success, and this ethic was founded on a

belief of positive mental attitude. In contrast to each of these ideas, Covey advocates that leaders need to understand universal principles of effectiveness, and he highlights how vital it is for leaders to first personally manage themselves if they are to enjoy any hope of outstanding success in their work environments. To achieve a desired vision for your business, it is vital that you have a personal vision of where you are headed and what you value. Business leadership means that managers need to "put first things first," which implies that before leading others, you need to be clear on your own values, abilities, and strengths and be seen as trustworthy.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

47. To be good leaders, managers must pay close attention to their own _____.

48. According to Peter Drucker, leaders should be good at _____.

49. The personality ethic suggests that people are likely to succeed if they have

_____.

50. According to Stephen Covey, leaders who hope to achieve outstanding success

need first of all to _____.

51. Good leadership requires one to know one's own strengths and be able to win people's _____.

82. You shouldn't have run across the road without looking. You

______________________________ (也许会被车撞倒的).

33. By no means ______________________________ (他把自己当成专家) although he

knows a lot aboutthe field.

84. He doesn't appreciate the sacrifice his friends have made for

him,______________________________ (把他们所做的视作理所当然).

85. Janet told me that she would rather her mother ______________________________

(不干涉她的婚姻).

86. To keep up with the expanding frontiers of scholarship, Edward Wilson found

himself______________________________ (经常上网查找信息).

47. values, abilities and strengths

48. doing the right things

49. positive mental attitude

50. manage themselves

51. trust

82：may be knocked down by car

83:does he take himself to be an expert 。84:and take it for granted 。

85:not interfere marriage 。

86．often searching information on the internet

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