高考维“升”素18

高考维“升”素18——文学欣赏

（时间：25分钟分数：46分）

维A 完形填空(每题1.5分，满分30分)

选材网站：http：//https://www.sodocs.net/doc/a214152558.html,

高考曾用材料：2010江苏卷A篇

选材相似度：★★★

设题相似度：★★★

难度系数：★★★★

Wranglers and Stranglers

Years ago there was a group of brilliant young men at the University of Wisconsin，who seemed to have amazing creative __1__ talent.They were would-be poets，novelists，and essayists.They were extraordinary in their __2__ to put the English language to its best use.These promising young men __3__ regularly to read and critique (评论) each other's work.And critique it they did!

These men were merciless with one another.They __4__ the minutest literary expression into a hundred pieces.They were heartless，tough，even mean in their __5__.The sessions became such areas of literary criticism that the __6__ of this special club called themselves the “Stranglers (扼杀者)”．

In order to __7__，the women of literary talent in the university __8__ to start a club of their own，one comparable to the Stranglers.They __9__ themselves the “Wranglers (争论者)”．They，too，read their __10__ one another.But there was one great difference.The criticism was much softer，more __11__，more encouraging.Sometimes，there was almost no criticism at all.Every effort，even the weakest one，was __12__.

Twenty years later an alumnus of the university was making an exhaustive __13__ of his classmates' careers when he __14__ a vast difference in the literary accomplishments of the Stranglers as opposed to the Wranglers.Of all the __15__

young men in the Stranglers，no one had made a significant literary __16__ of any kind.From the Wranglers had come six or more successful __17__，some of national renown such as Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings，who wrote The Yearling.

Talent between the two？Probably the same.Level of __18__？Not much difference.But the Stranglers were strangled，while the Wranglers were determined to give each other a(an) __19__.The Stranglers __20__ an atmosphere of argument and self-doubt.The Wranglers highlighted the best，not the worst.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议类的文章。一所大学里有两个文学小组，他们对待他人的作品的方式不同，一个小组主要采用批评的方式，而另一个小组采取的却是鼓励的方式，后来，两个小组的组员所取得的文学成就完全不同。

1．A.architectural B．artistic C．literary D．musical

答案C[考查语境逻辑。从后面的“They were would-be poets，novelists，and essayists.”可知他们即将成为诗人、小说家等，由此可知他们拥有了不起的文学天赋。architectural“建筑的”；artistic“艺术的”；musical“音乐的”。] 2．A.strength B．ability C．performance D．power

答案B[考查语境中名词的辨析。从前面的“talent”可知他们很有文学天赋，所以此处是指他们在语言方面有着非凡的能力。strength“力量，力气”；performance“表演”；power“权力，力量”。]

3．A.gathered B．organized C．challenged D．collected

答案A[考查语境逻辑。结合后面的“to read and critique(评论)each other's work”可知他们聚集在一起来阅读和评论彼此的作品。]

4．A.turned B．translated C．combined D．divided

答案D[考查固定搭配。结合后面的“the minutest literary expression into a hundred pieces”可知他们把最微小的文学表达都分解成很多份，来批评他人的作品。turn...into“把……变成”；translate...into“把……翻译成”；combine不与into 连用。]

5．A.appreciation B．criticism C．assessment D．judgment

答案B[考查语境逻辑。根据前面的“critique(评论)each other's work”可知此处表示他们在评论的时候一点也不留情面。appreciation“欣赏”；assessment“估计，评估”；judgment“判断”。]

6．A.leaders B．organizers C．members D．arrangers

答案C[考查语境逻辑。从后面的“of this special club called themselves...”可知此处是指这个俱乐部的成员。leader“领导者”；organizer“组织者”；arranger“组织者，经办者”。]

7．A.participate B．practice C．succeed D．compete

答案D[考查上下文暗示。结合后面的“the women of literary talent in the university __8__to start a club of their own，one comparable to the Stranglers”可知这个大学的具有文学天赋的女同学们决定组建一个她们自己的俱乐部来和那些男同学们竞争。participate“参加”；practice“练习”；succeed“成功”。] 8．A.determined B．agreed C．promised D．dreamed

答案A[考查语境逻辑。此处指这些女同学们下决心来开办自己的俱乐部。agree“同意”；promise“允诺”；dream“梦想”。]

9．A.regarded B．called C．thought D．recognized

答案B[考查上下文暗示，结合前面的“called themselves the …Stranglers(扼杀者)?”可知此处是指这些女同学把自己称为Wranglers。“regard”认为；“think”思考，认为；“recognize”承认。]

10．A.works B．letters C．books D．papers

答案A[考查语境逻辑。她们也读她们彼此的作品。letter“信件”；book“书籍”；paper“论文”。]

11．A.fantastic B．critical C．positive D．serious

答案C[考查上下文暗示。从后面的“more encouraging”可知她们的批评多是积极的，具有鼓励性的。fantastic“荒诞的”；critical“批评的”；serious“严肃

的”。]

12．A.required B．spared C．made D．encouraged

答案D[考查语境逻辑。由上文可知，“Wranglers”的特点就是“鼓励”，故选D。此处表示她们鼓励每一次尝试，哪怕是最微弱的尝试。require“要求”。spare no effort“不遗余力”；make every effort“努力”；B、C两项均与语境不符。] 13．A.experiment B．study C．analysis D．judgment

答案B[考查语境逻辑。这里表示一个校友对他的同班同学所从事的职业进行了研究。experiment“试验，实验”；analysis“分析”；judgment“判断”。] 14．A.reflected B．resolved C．explained D．noticed

答案D[考查上下文暗示。根据后面的“a vast difference in the literary accomplishments of the Stranglers as opposed to the Wranglers”可知通过研究他发现了Stranglers和Wranglers在文学成就方面的巨大差别。reflect“表明，表达”；resolve“解决”；explain“解释”。]

15．A.optimistic B．confident C．bright D．honest

答案C[考查上下文逻辑。从第一段中“...a group of brilliant young men...”可知此处是指那些聪明的男同学。optimistic“乐观的”；confident“自信的”；honest“诚实的”。]

16．A.achievement B．influence C．contribution D．improvement

答案A[考查上下文暗示。结合前面的“in the literary accomplishments”以及上下文内容可知他们没有人取得骄人的文学成就。influence“影响”；contribution“贡献”；improvement“改进，改善”。]

17．A.engineers B．writers C．doctors D．lawyers

答案B[考查语境逻辑。从后面的“some of national renown such as Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings，who wrote The Yearling”可知她们中有的人成为了著名的作家。engineer“工程师”；doctor“医生”；lawyer“律师”。]

18．A.courage B．patience C．education D．skill

答案C[考查语境逻辑。此处表示他们的教育水平没有什么不同。courage“勇气”；patience“耐心”；skill“技能”。]

19．A.reward B．favor C．honor D．lift

答案D[考查固定搭配。此处指Wranglers互相帮助，互相鼓励。give sb a lift “帮某人一把”。]

20．A.ruined B．lightened C．promoted D．enjoyed

答案C[考查语境逻辑。这里指Stranglers创造了一种争辩与自我怀疑的氛围。ruin“毁灭”；lighten“减轻，使变明亮”；enjoy“享受，喜欢”。]

维B1 阅读理解(每题2分，满分8分)

选材网站：http：//https://www.sodocs.net/doc/a214152558.html,/stories

高考曾用材料：2012辽宁卷A篇

选材相似度：★★★

设题相似度：★★★

难度系数：★★★

I Am a Pencil

Children's book author Sam Swope took a job teaching writing to third-graders in the New York City borough of Queens.His students were immigrants or the children of immigrants from 21 countries，speaking 11 languages，having many different beliefs.But there were a few things they had in common.Family troubles，for one.Money struggles.And poetry.Every single student，with the help of this creative，break-all-the-rules teacher，made great progress in writing.Swope leaves the reader with the encouraging conviction that deep within each of us lives a poet，a genius—a child.

Cover Price: $59.88

Price: $19.95

You Save: $39.93 (67%)

What It Takes to Help Me Out

An editor for U．S.Ne w s & World Report, David L．Marcus takes us inside a

boarding school for troubled teens.The great stresses are put on these teens，which makes them lose their nature.This should cause us a truthful，thought-provoking thinking.

Cover Price: $35.86

Price: $15.00

You Save: $20.86 (58%)

The Most Scenic Dri v es in America

Updated and translated into several languages for the first time since 1997，this travel book includes over 200 brand-new photographs of the wonderful places along 120 selected routes.The updated volume also provides maps，the latest information on state parks，and lodging (住所) suggestions.

Cover Price: $47.88

Price: $23.88

You Save: $24 (50%)

Our Brother's Keeper

Author Jedwin Smith spent 30 years trying to get out of all memories of his brother，Jeff，who was killed in Vietnam.But in Our Brother's Keeper he tells what happens when he met several of his brother's old Marine friends.Smith gets to know these men—all hurt by the past they share.Together the author and his new friends make a journey to Vietnam，to visit the place where Jeff died.Surprisingly，their Vietnamese guide was the former commander of the Viet Cong platoon carrying out the attack that killed Jeff.A powerful story of brotherhood，bravery and understanding...

Cover Price: $59.40

Price: $10.00

You Save: $49.40 (83%)

Notes：

①conviction n．信念②thought-provoking adj.令人深思的

【语篇解读】本文是四本书的广告。广告介绍了四本书的内容、价格及折扣。

1．Which of the following books offers the biggest price cut?

A．I Am a Pencil.

B．What It Takes to Help Me Out.

C．The Most Scenic Dri v es in America.

D．Our Brother's Keeper.

答案D[细节理解题。由各篇的“you save”可知，Our Brother's Keeper降价最多：$49.40 (83%)。]

2．If you are interested in taking photos，you would probably choose ________.

A．Our Brother's Keeper

B．What It Takes to Help Me Out

C．The Most Scenic Dri v es in America

D．I Am a Pencil

答案C[细节理解题。从“The Most Scenic Drives in America”的“...this travel book includes over 200 brand-new photographs of the wonderful places along 120 selected routes.”可知答案为C。]

3．Which of the following is WRONG according to the passage?

A．The book What It Takes to Help Me Out is about troubled teens.

B．The book The Most Scenic Dri v es in America includes many pictures.

C．The friends Jedwin Smith made had the same bad experiences.

D．The Vietnamese guide，the former commander who himself killed Jedwin Smith's brother.

答案D[推理判断题。由Our Brother's Keeper中的“Surprisingly，their Vietnamese guide was the former commander(海军中校)of the Viet Cong platoon carrying out the attack that killed Jeff.”可知，Jedwin Smith的弟弟的去世并非是the former commander直接所为，而是执行命令，是官方意志，故答案为D。]

4．Which book has many foreign editions (版本) according to the passage?

A．The Most Scenic Dri v es in America.

B．What It Takes to Help Me Out.

C．I Am a Pencil.

D．Our Brother's Keeper.

答案A[细节理解题。从The Most Scenic Drives in America中“Updated(再版)and translated into several languages for the first time since 1997”可知A为正确答案。]

维B2 阅读理解(每题2分，满分8分)

选材网站：https://www.sodocs.net/doc/a214152558.html,/content/story

高考曾用材料：2012江西卷B篇

选材相似度：★★★★

设题相似度：★★★

难度系数：★★★★

The main reason people come to America is

said to be that they can chase the American

Dream.Everyone has heard of it，and many have died fighting for it.The only thing is that there is no clear definition of the American Dream.It is not defined by one dream，but all the opportunities that the United States has to offer.Since the founding of the United States，people have been striving to define the American Dream.

In the play Death of a Salesman，every character is trying to realize his own version of the American Dream.Willy feels that by being well liked he has achieved what the American Dream is all about.He has spent his whole life as a salesman who has not been very successful.As he gets older，he starts having conflicts with everyone in his life，and feels that only by killing himself will the people around him be able to finally be happy.

Bernard，on the other hand，feels that the American Dream can only be achieved

if one has been successful in their academic and professional careers.He shows that through hard work and dedication，success can be accomplished.He reached his professional goals and achieved his version of the American Dream.

Throughout the play these feelings are shown through the dialogue and actions of the characters.They try to achieve their goals of the American Dream.Willy is unsuccessful in his attempt，while Bernard is very successful in achieving his goal.

Many people try to achieve the American Dream，but few actually do so.As with any goal，the American Dream takes hard work and dedication.In Death of a Salesman，all aspects of this goal are examined.For the goal to be achieved，the dream must be an attainable one which is worth working toward.It also must be a dream that the professional world accepts and finds useful.

Note：

长短句分析：As he gets older，he starts having conflicts with everyone in his life，and feels that only by killing himself will the people around him be able to finally be happy.

句法点睛：这是个主从复合句。As he gets older为状语从句，he starts having conflicts with everyone in his life，and feels...为主句；only by killing himself will the people around him be able to finally be happy为宾语从句，该句使用的是倒装语序。

句意：随着年龄的增长，他开始和生活中的每个人发生冲突，并且觉得唯有自杀才能够让周围的人最终快乐起来。

【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文，通过评论剧本《推销员之死》来诠释“美国梦”。

1．The first paragraph mainly tells us ________.

A．reasons for coming to America

B．something about the United States

C．something about the American Dream

D．the definition of the American Dream

答案C[主旨大意题。第一段总体指出了“美国梦”的一些情况，而并非是为“美国梦”下定义，故选C。]

2．The underlined word “striving” probably has the same meaning as ________.

A．trying hard B．giving up

C．bending down D．standing still

答案A[词义猜测题。根据本段对“美国梦”的简要介绍以及接下来通过《推销员之死》对“美国梦”的诠释可知，作者想告诉我们，从一开始人们就在努力实现“美国梦”，因此strive应该是与try hard同义的。]

3．According to the text，Death of a Salesman tries to tell us ________.

A．why Willy decides to kill himself

B．what the American Dream is like

C．about Bernard's dedication to America

D．the life stories of Willy and Bernard

答案B[推理判断题。根据第二、三、四段对《推销员之死》的评论和作者在第五段的总结可推知，《推销员之死》给出了两种“美国梦”的例子，实际是要告诉我们“美国梦”应该是什么样的，故选B项。]

4．What would be the CORRECT structure of the text?

答案B[推理判断题。第一段总体指出了“美国梦”的情况，而二、三、四段以《推销员之死》为例分析了对“美国梦”的两种理解，最后一段则是总结，所以整篇文章的结构是“总—分—总”，故选B项。]