英语综合教程4期末复习资料

Paraphrase

1. …to cheer myself… gladden my heart

2. …position…situation; circumstances

3. …menace…threat

4. …noble…splendid; heroic

5. …flinching…sudden small movement because of pain or fear

1. …tired…drooping; loosened; slackened

2. …ring…tone; sound

3. …already jangling locals Already over-stimulated / restless local people

4. …chilliness unfriendliness;

cold-shouldering

5. …ranks membership of a group or organization

1. …potential…ability to develop, achieve or succeed

2. …alienating…Causing to feel very distant from or not welcome to other people

3. …was “addicted”……liked it very much and wanted to spend as much time doing it as possible

4. …overload…more information than one can cope with

5. …virtual existences……a set of images and sounds produced by a computer which seem so real that for most purposes they can be regarded as real 1.…had largely escaped the camera’s lens…had

hardly been recorded by the camera 2.…smiling an unearthly smile. smiling in a

strange and unnatural way

3.…universal applicable to all other places

around the world

4.…had stumbled to exhaustion… had stopped

working

5.…hangs over…threatens

1.…cosmic conclusions endings of profound

significance

2.…signs and expressions of attachment

actions and words that show intimacy

3.…loathsome confidences disgusting secrets

4.…in restraint… to be dispassionate and

moderate in behavior

5.…claustrophobic life… closed life with very

little communication with the outside

1.…occasion … important event

2.…refuel …refill their hearts and mi nds with

their cultural traditions

3.…the American…the American beliefs, values

and loyalties

4.…object lesson …true demonstration of what

happened

5.… glimpse …brief experience or idea

6.…live out …live in the way of

1.…a monster of conceit person with extremely

excessive self-pride

2.…rolled into one.. with all their talents

combined in him

3.…out of sorts…in a bad temper; unwell or

annoyed

4.…innocent… without

5.…pull endless wires… use as much influence

of his as possible

6.…compromise…make concession

1.…rusted… reddish b rown

2.…dwarfed… low-growing

3.…intensity… almost unbearable degree

4.…touches the spoon to…brings the spoon into

light contact with

5.…make my rounds. visit the patients

中译英

1.我安排他们在小酒吧见面，但那个小伙子一

直都没有来。(turn up)

I had arranged for them to meet each other at

the pub, but the young man never turned up.

2.你无法仅凭表象判断形势是否会变得对我们

不利。(tell from appearance)

You cannot tell merely from appearances

whether things will turn out unfavourable to us

or not.

3. 那个士兵每次打仗都冲锋在前，从而赢得了国

家的最高荣誉。(stand in the gap)

The soldier, who stood in the gap in every battle,

gained the highest honors of the country.

4．主席讲话很有说服力，委员会其他成员都听

从他的意见。(yield to)

The chairman spoke so forcefully that the rest

of the committee yielded to his opinion.

5．他们现在生活富裕了，但也曾经历坎坷。(ups

and downs)

They are well-to-do now, but along the way

they had their ups and downs.

6．这次演讲我将说明两个问题。(address oneself

to)

There are two major questions to which I will

address myself in this lecture.

7.我们正筹划为你举办一次盛大的圣诞聚会。

(in sb.’s honour)

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We are planning a big Christmas party in your honour.

8.听到那个曲子，我回想起了儿童时代。(throw

one’s mind back)

Hearing that tune threw my mind back to my childhood.

1. 那只鸽子被卡在树杈里，不多一会儿就跌落下来。(wedge)

The pigeon was wedged in the fork of a branch and it fell after a while.

2. 驾车人该付多少钱需要根据他对别人车子造成破坏的程度而定。(be proportional to)

The payment that the motorist will have to make is proportional to the amount of damage he has done to the other person’s car.

3. 你只有伏在地上慢慢爬过一条狭长的地道才能进入山洞。(inch)

You can only enter the cave by inching through a narrow tunnel on your stomach.

4. 她一面结结巴巴地为没有敲门就进入我的办公室而道歉，一面羞怯地朝门口走去。(sidle) She stammered some apology for entering my office without knocking as she sidled towards the door.

5. 他尽力向我解释说不是因为我工作不好而解雇我，而是因为公司面临着财政困境。(take pains to)

He took pains to explain to me that I was not being dismissed because I didn’t do my work well but because the company was confronted by financial troubles.

6. 年轻士兵的入伍给军队带来了新的希望并鼓舞了士气。(infuse ... into ...)

The enlistment of young soldiers infused new hope

and morale into the army.

7. 一旦大一些的男孩子们声称草坪属于他们，小

一些的孩子就只好退避三舍。(infuse…into)

Once the older boys stake a claim to the lawn, the

younger ones had to give way to them to avoid

conflict.

8. 跟在她身后的人让她心神不安，她不由得加快

了脚步。(make sb. uneasy)

The man following her made her uneasy and she

couldn’t help quickening her steps.

1．无可否认，香烟会使人上瘾。而一旦你上了

瘾，就很难戒除这个习惯。(addict)

There’s no denying that smoking is addictive.

And once you are addicted, it is very difficult to

get rid of the habit.

2. 在日本人生产的一种电子游戏中，玩游戏的人

可以模拟艾滋病患者从染上艾滋病毒直到死亡

的经历。(simulate)

In a Japanese-made video game, players can

simulate the experience of AIDS from HIV

infection until death.

3．我肯定，他说你可以用这笔钱继续学习音乐

是认真的。(in earnest)

I’m sure he was in earnest when he said that

you could use this money to continue your

study of music.

4. 我们只能以牺牲质量为代价来提高产量，但这

可能会损害公司的声誉。(at the expense of)

We can only increase production at the

expense of quality, which could ruin the

company’s reputation.

5. 她难得生气，不过这次她可真的是发脾气了。

(be given to)

She is not often given to anger, but this time

she really lost her temper.

6. 一名外语教师如果要在中学任教，他最起码要

持有正规教育院校颁发的学位证书。(at the very

least)

A teacher of foreign language should possess at

the very least a graduate degree from a

certified education school or institute if he is to

teach high school.

7.我很快觉察到我无法使他改变想法。

(perceive)

I soon perceived that I couldn’t make him

change his mind.

1. 他们的牛都打上了字母C的烙印，所以很容

易辨认。（be branded with）

Their cattle were branded with the letter “C” so

that they could be easily identified.

2．本赛季他真正发挥了一个得分手的作用。

(come into one’s own)

In this season he has really come into his own

as a goal scorer.

3. 一场经济危机正威胁着那个国家。（hang over）

An economic crisis is hanging over that

country.

4. 他是真正发号施令的人物，但他总是躲在幕

后。（in the background）

He is the man who really gives the order, but he

always remains in the background.

5. 派出信使后，我们所能做的就只有等待了。

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(dispatch)

After dispatching the messenger, what is left for us to do is nothing but to wait.

6. 你只要一叫，他马上就到。（in a flash）

You just have to call and he’s here in a flash.

7. 他们在战争的阴霾下整整生活了17年。（in the shadow of）

They have lived in the shadow of war for altogether seventeen years.

8.这些是现存的最后七只东北虎，如果人类不

加以保护的话，这一种群的老虎将濒临灭亡。

(in existence)

These are the last seven Northeast Tigers in existence. If human beings failed to protect them, the tigers of this species would become extinct.

1.你的话的确有理，但你的表达方式近于粗暴。

(border on)

Your remarks do make sense, but the way of expression borders on rudeness.

2. 失业人员都应该得到政府的帮助。(count as)

Any unemployed person counts as deserving government help.

3. 总的来说，我对这项实验是相当满意的。(on the whole)

On the whole I am quite satisfied with the experiment.

4. 一个人的外表会影响别人对他的看法。(make

a difference)

A person’s appearance makes a difference in how others judge him.

5. 广告倾向于把妇女描绘成非常传统的角色。(portray)

Advertising tends to portray women in very

traditional roles.

6. 刚刚继承了一大笔遗产的孪生姐妹急不可耐

地炫耀她们的珠宝首饰。(show off)

Having inherited a considerable fortune, the

twin sisters jus t couldn’t wait to show off their j

ewelry.

7. 公众关注的中心再次转移到了城市环境的变

化问题。(shift focus)

Public interest has once again shifted its focus

to the changes in the urban environment.

8. 新型列车可以以500公里左右的时速平稳地

行驶，相比之下，那些旧车显得又慢又笨拙。(in

contrast)

The new type of trains can run smoothly at the

speed of about 500 kilometers per hour; in

contrast, the old ones are slow and clumsy.

1. 大厅里回响着小号独奏的乐曲声。(resonate

with)

The hall resonated with the notes of the trumpet

solo.

2. 他走路的样子使我想起他父亲也是这样走路

的。(remind of)

The way he walks reminds me of the way his

father used to walk.

3. 我把日期搞错了，所以到达的日期不对了。

(mix up)

I mixed the dates up and arrived on the wrong

day.

4. 听到女儿被牛津大学录取，她心中充满了自

豪。(swell)

Her heart swelled with pride when she learned

that her daughter had been admitted by Oxford

University.

5. 在此次总统选举中，民主党发动了一场拉拢女

性选民的宣传活动。(launch)

Democrats have launched a campaign to win

women voters over in this presidential election.

6.我想象得出母亲在听到儿子的死讯时那张苍

白的脸。(in one’s mind eye)

I saw, in my mind’s eye, the pale face of his

father used to walk.

7.理论上来说，全体公民都有权直接获取信息，

而不必等候政府或媒体的过滤。(have access

to )

Theoretically speaking, the whole population

should have direct access to information

without waiting for its being filtered by the

government or the media.

8.他继承父亲的产业后，便沉溺于声色犬马之

中。(be immersed in)

After he inherited his father’s estate, he was

immersed in all kinds of sensuous pleasures.

1. 为了你的家庭，你要三思而后行，不要冒那么

多的风险。(for the sake of)

For the sake of your family, you should look

before you leap and not take so many risks.

2. 昨晚喝了太多的酒，我感到有点不舒服。(out

of sorts)

I feel a bit out of sorts after last nights heavy

drink.

3. 他的父亲找了无数的门路，帮他在一个已经臃

肿不堪的政府机构找到一个职位。(pull wires)

His father pulled endless wires and got him a

3 / 6

position in and inflated government

department.

4. 如果你仔细读这封信，就会在字里行间发现他的真正用意。(between the lines)

If you read his letter carefully, you can find his real intention between the lines.

5. 我知道我对他真是无礼透顶，但我为自己找了各种理由。(downright)

I knew I was downright rude to him, but I found excuses for myself.

6. 过去杰出的人物有许多是出类拔萃的多面手，像Leonardo da Vinci就集画家与发明家于一身。(roll into one)

Many of the outstanding figures of the past

were exceptionally versatile men. Leonardo da

Vinci, for instance, rolled a painter and an

inventor into one.

7. 遭受了多年失眠的折磨后，他终于自杀了。(under the torment of)

He finally killed himself after being under the torment of insomnia for many years.

8. 他惊讶得说不出话来。(be dumb with)

He was dumb with amazement.

1. 探照灯的光柱掠过漆黑的水面。(finger across) Search lights fingered across the black water.

2. 自从这座大厦发生了一起抢劫案之后，守夜人就更加小心了，他每小时都要巡视一次。(make one’s rounds)

Since a robbery happened in this building, the night watchman has become more careful and makes his rounds once every hour.

3. 虽然已经没有任何力量支持他了，他依然坚持自己的计划。(prop up)

He stuck to his plan, though there was nothing left

to prop him up.

4. 他被警方雇佣刺探恐怖分子的活动。(spy on)

He is paid by the police to spy on the activities of

the terrorists.

5. 总有一天他们会接受这个残酷的现实的。(in

time)

In time they will come to accept the harsh reality.

6. 那个人的行为非常可疑。他假装睡觉，却不时

窥视过往的行人。(furtive)

That man’s behaviour looks very suspicious. He is

pretending to sleep, but now and then he steals a

furtive glance at the passers-by.

7. 这个国家近几年发生的社会、经济变化如此彻

底，使所有邻国相形见绌。(dwarf)

The social and economic changes that have taken

place in this country are so sweeping that it has

dwarfed all its neighbours.

8. 在拂晓前昏暗的光线中，我看到一个黑影挡在

门口。(athwart)

In the dim light of the daybreak, I saw a dark shape

looming athwart the door.

英译中

1.But we must learn to be equally good at what is

short and sharp and what is long and tough.

但我们必须学会同样善于应付短暂而干脆与

漫长而艰难的局面。

2.It is generally said that the British are better at

the last.

人们普遍认为英国人最终总是会胜出的。

3.Britain, other nations thought, had drawn a

sponged across the slate.

其他国家认为英国输得一无所有了。

4.We stood all alone a year ago, and to many

countries it seemed that our account was

closed.

一年前，我们孤军奋战，许多国家都以为我

们被彻底打败了。

1.Manners, it seems to me, are about giving

people space, not stepping on toes, granting

people their private domain.

在我看来，礼貌就是给别人以空间，不冒犯

别人，允许别人有隐私。

2.Personal space is mostly a public matter; we

allow all kinds of invasions of personal space

in private.

个人空间基本上是一个公众场合的问题；私

下里，我们是允许对个人空间进行各种各样

的侵犯的。

3.Like the twelve-mile limit around our national

shores, personal space is our individual border

beyond which no stranger can penetrate

without making us uneasy.

就像我们国家拥有12海里领海权一样，个人

空间就是我们的边界，只要是陌生人穿过这

个边界，就会使我们感到不安。

4.Ultimately, personal space is psychological, not

physical: it has less to do with the space

outside us than with our inner space.

说到底，个人空间是个心理上的问题，而不

是个物理上的问题：与其说它与我们的外部

空间相关，还不如说它与我们的内心空间相

关。

4 / 6

1.Given the relatively few restrictions governing

access and usage, it is the communications modal equivalent of international waters.

由于登录和使用互联网的限制相对较少，它的作用就等同于通讯传播中的国际海域。

2.At first this might sound like an apparent

contradiction: how can something, that is on the one hand responsible for global unification by enabling the free exchange of ideas, alienate the participants?

乍听起来这似乎相互矛盾：一种东西怎么会既能让人们自由地交流思想，从而使全球融为一体，同时又让人们彼此疏远呢？

3.I have not known this fellow to be given to

exaggeration, therefore when he described his Internet binges, when he would spend over twenty-four hours on line non-stop, it gave me pause to think.

据我所知，此人不喜欢夸大其词，因此当他描述自己的网瘾，说常常连续泡网一天一夜时，这引起我的思考。

4.But at the expense of the time that would have

otherwise been available for involvement in other activities which might foster a sense of community in their villages, towns and cities.

但代价是消耗了原本可以用来参加一些培养他们村庄及城镇社区意识的活动的时间。

1.That absence, even more than wreckage,

contains the heart of the matter. The true measure of the event lies not in what remains but in all that has disappeared.

从眼前消失的情景，比起那残留的废墟，更

能体现问题的实质。真正能够衡量这个事件

的并不是所留下的一切，而是所有那些消失

了的东西。

2.Nagasaki has always been in the shadow of

Hiroshima, as if the human imagination had

stumbled to exhaustion in the wreckage of the

first ruined city without reaching even the

outskirts of the second.

长崎一直以来都被掩盖在广岛的影子下，好

象人们的想象力在第一个被毁灭的城市就已

经消耗殆尽了，连第二个城市的边缘都没有

触及。

3.Each picture therefore seemed not so much an

image of something that happened a

half-century ago as a window cut into the wall

of the photography center showing what soon

could easily happen to New York.

因此，每一张照片并不只是反映半个世纪以

前所发生的事件，而更像是在摄影中心的墙

壁上开出的一个窗口，展现着不久也将可能

发生在纽约的类似情景。

4.The gift of time is the gift of life, forever, if we

know how to receive it.

时代的礼物，如果我们懂得如何接受，将是

对我们生命的永远的馈赠。

1.It seemed that the peculiar eye, the social lens

of the cinema, had drastically shifted its focus.

电影镜头这种观察社会的特殊眼睛好象彻底

变换了聚焦对象。

2.There had been something almost atavistic

about these visions of attachments --- as if

producers culled their plots from some pop

anthropology book on male bonding.

这些形影不离的银幕形象似乎是来自远古社

会------故事情节好象是制片人从诠释男性间

密切关系的人类学通俗读物里选取出来的。

3.Buddies came linked, like accessories, to one

activity or another.

男性伙伴因共同参与某种活动而相互联系在

一起。

4. A man once told her that men weren’t real

buddies until they had been “through the wars”

together --- corporate or athletic or military.

一位男士曾经告诉她说，男人只有一起“经历

过战争”------ 无论是商场，运动场还是战场

的战争------ 才能成为真正的伙伴。

1.I’ve never seen anyone look up, but in my

mind’s eye an American tourist may notice it

and smile, and a French passerby may be

reminded of the date and the occasion that

prompt its appearance.

虽然我没见过有人抬头看它一眼，但打心眼

里希望来自美国的旅游者能看到它并会心一

笑，或者路过此地的法国人能想到悬挂它的

日期和理由。

2.July 4 is one of the times when the American in

me feels a twinge of unease about the great

lacunae in our children’s understanding of who

they are and is prompted to try to fill the gaps.

7月4日是一个这样的日子：我的美国心为

孩子们对自己的身份一片空白而感到焦灼万

分，着促使我想填补所有空白。

3.American school shootings are a good object

lesson for our children in the follies of the

5 / 6

society we hold at a distance.

美国的校园枪击事件对我们的孩子来说是活生生的一课，让他们了解到千里之外那个社会丑恶的一面。

4.On the one hand, our children are confronting a

much less jarring culture divide than I did, and they have more access to their native culture.

一方面，我们的孩子所面对的不和谐的文化差异比我们小时侯要少，而且他们有更多的机会接触本族文化。

1. The slightest hint of disagreement, from anyone, on the most trivial point, was enough to set him off on a harangue that might last for hours, in which he proved himself right in so many ways, and with such exhausting volubility, that in the end his hearer, stunned and deafened, would agree with him, for the sake of peace.

任何人只要有一死半点的不同意见，即使再微不足道，也足够让他高谈阔论几个钟头，用他十分累人的雄辩从多方面论证自己是正确的，结果是他的听众听得目瞪口呆，两耳震聋，为了息事宁人，只好顺从他。

2. He wrote begging letters by the score, sometimes groveling without shame, at others loftily offering his intended benefactor the privilege of contributing to his support, and being mortally offended if the recipient declined the honor.

他发出了几千封哀求信，有时不知廉耻地向人献媚，有时他又会将对自己的支持作为某种特权高傲地赏赐给他希望得到的资助人，一旦这份荣耀被人拒绝，他又会深感被人冒犯。

3. He would pull endless wires in order to meet some man who admired his work and was able an

anxious to be of use to him --- and would proceed

to make a mortal enemy of him with some idiotic

and wholly uncalled-for exhibition of arrogance

and bad manners.

如果有人仰慕他的作品，能够并且愿意为他所

用，他就会动用各种关系，想尽办法见上一面；

可是他又会因为表示出某种愚蠢的，毫无意义的

傲慢和无礼而树立死敌。

4. It is a matter of being dumb with wonder that his

poor brain and body didn’t burst under the torment

of the demon of creative energy that lived inside

him, struggling, clawing, scratching to be released;

tearing, shrieking at him to write the music that was

in him.

这简直就是一个让人难以言表的奇迹，他那可怜

的大脑和身体竟然没有在如此强大的创造力的

折磨下崩溃，这个恶魔挣扎着，抓挠着要挣脱出

来，撕扯着，尖叫着，想要把他内心的音乐谱写

出来。

1.It gives him the look of a bonsai, roots and

branches pruned into the dwarfed facsimile of a

great tree.

这让他看上去像一盆盆景，树根和树枝都被

修剪掉了，一棵大树只剩下矮小的树干。

2.His stumps, unweighted by legs and feet, rise

in the air, presenting themselves.

他两腿的残肢，失去了腿和脚的负荷，翘在

半空，露出双腿的病况。

3.He lifts the plate in both hands, sets it on the

palm of his right hand, centers it, balances it.

他双手端起盘子，放到右手上，移到手心里，

然后把它稳住。

4.There is the crack of the plate breaking against

the wall at the foot of his bed and the small wet

sound of the scrambled eggs dropping to the

floor.

传来盘子在他床头对面墙上撞碎的声音以及

湿漉漉的炒蛋轻轻地掉到地板上的声音。

6 / 6

何兆熊大学英语综合教程2unit4答案

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One way of summarizing the American position is to state that we value originality and independence more than the Chinese do. The contrast between our two cultures can also be seen in terms of the fears we both harbor. Chinese teachers are fearful that if skills are not acquired early, they may never be acquired; there is, on the other hand, no comparable hurry to promote creativity. American educators fear that unless creativity has been acquired early, it may never emerge; on the other hand, skills can be picked up later. However, I do not want to overstate my case. There is enormous creativity to be found in Chinese scientific, technological and artistic innovations past and present. And there is a danger of exaggerating creative breakthroughs in the West. When any innovation is examined closely, its reliance on previous achievements is all too apparent (the "standing on the shoulders of giants" phenomenon). But assuming that the contrast I have developed is valid, and that the fostering of skills and creativity are both worthwhile goals, the important question becomes this: Can we gather, from the Chinese and American extremes, a superior way to approach education, perhaps striking a better balance between the poles of creativity and basic skills?

全新版大学英语第二版综合教程2课文

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